EP1645054A1 - Method for synchronizing a radio communication system that is divided up into radio cells - Google Patents
Method for synchronizing a radio communication system that is divided up into radio cellsInfo
- Publication number
- EP1645054A1 EP1645054A1 EP04766088A EP04766088A EP1645054A1 EP 1645054 A1 EP1645054 A1 EP 1645054A1 EP 04766088 A EP04766088 A EP 04766088A EP 04766088 A EP04766088 A EP 04766088A EP 1645054 A1 EP1645054 A1 EP 1645054A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- radio
- base station
- synchronization
- assigned
- mobile station
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
- H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
- H04B7/2662—Arrangements for Wireless System Synchronisation
- H04B7/2671—Arrangements for Wireless Time-Division Multiple Access [TDMA] System Synchronisation
- H04B7/2678—Time synchronisation
- H04B7/2687—Inter base stations synchronisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for synchronizing a radio communication system divided into radio cells according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- co-channel interference is caused as a so-called "cochannel interference”.
- the available carrier frequencies are assigned to individual carrier frequency sub-resources.
- Each carrier frequency sub-resource is then permanently assigned to a radio cell using a so-called "frequency reuse" planning in such a way that only minimal co-channel interference is caused in the radio cells, taking into account the minimal spatial distances between the radio cells.
- This fixed assignment of carrier frequencies or their transmission resources is particularly disadvantageous if an inhomogeneously distributed number of subscribers occurs within adjacent radio cells.
- a considered base station of one of the radio cells which has to supply an increased number of subscribers, then has an increased need for transmission resources. If there is then a lack of transmission resources, subscribers requesting a new data transmission are rejected in the radio cell under consideration.
- Reuse factor can only be influenced to a limited extent.
- OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
- the bandwidth radio transmission channel is "time-dispersive" and is subject to frequency-selective fading, so that a complex equalization is typically required on the receiving side.
- the radio transmission channel is subdivided into a plurality of narrower subchannels, so that "flat fading” instead of frequency-selective fading is experienced on each of the subchannels, which enables a very simple, typically “single-tap” equalization ,
- each of these radio transmission channels is assigned an identical modulation scheme and thus an identical transmission bit rate.
- the assigned transmission bit rates are determined as a function of interference with the respective radio transmission channels.
- a higher-level modulation method is used for radio transmission channels with low interference than for radio transmission channels with higher interference.
- a transmission with a required quality of service for example taking into account an error rate, can be carried out for each radio transmission channel.
- Such an OFDM multicarrier method is also known in the case of a wired transmission in the baseband under the name "discrete multitone transmission", or "DMT" for short.
- FIG 3 a cellular OFDM radio communication system according to the prior art is shown representative of all mobile radio systems.
- Three adjacent radio cells FZ1 to FZ3 each have an assigned base station BTS01 to BTS03.
- Each of the base stations BTS01 to BTS03 supplies a number of mobile stations T01 to T012 assigned to the respective radio cell FZ1 to FZ3.
- Each of the carrier frequencies fl to fl2 has seven as transmission resources in a connection direction referred to as "downlink" DL from the base station to the mobile station Time slots TSl . to TS7, while each of the carrier frequencies fl to fl2 has five time slots TS1 to TS5 as transmission resources in a connection direction referred to as "uplink” UL from the mobile station to the base station.
- Free unused time slots are assigned to the carrier frequencies f2, f7 and fll by way of example and are identified by the letter "F".
- FIG. 4 shows an overview of a state of the art synchronization situation of the radio cells FZ1 to FZ3 shown in FIG.
- the individual base stations BTSOL to BTS03 are neither frequency nor time synchronized with each other.
- a base station-specific carrier frequency deviation DeltaOl to Delta03 is plotted vertically for each of the base stations BTSO1 to BTS03.
- This carrier frequency deviation DeltaOl to Delta03 is caused in each of the base stations BTSOl to BTS03 by electrical components of the respective base station, for example base station-specific local oscillators. Since the mobile stations T01 to T012 are synchronized to the respective assignable base station BTSOl to BTS03, the base station BTSOl to BTS03 and the correspondingly assigned mobile stations T01 to T012 also have the respective carrier frequency deviations DeltaOl to Delta03.
- a number of active mobile stations is determined by a base station and compared with at least one predetermined threshold value.
- a first or a second synchronization method is selected or used from the threshold values or from the threshold values.
- a predefined threshold value is assumed as a representative example.
- a first synchronization method is used which is designed in accordance with a transmission standard assigned to the radio communication system. For example, in a UMTS radio communication system, base and mobile stations are synchronized using the assigned UMTS standard.
- the first synchronization method is based on a lower number of requests compared to the second synchronization method. number of active mobile stations, so that in this case there is sufficient transmission capacity for the transmission of synchronization information.
- time and frequency synchronization in the cellular radio communication system is implemented with simple means. Since the second synchronization method dispenses with the transmission of additional signaling information for synchronization, which previously had to be exchanged between the base station and mobile station at a higher protocol layer, radio transmission resources remain available which are available for carrying out useful data transmissions.
- the second synchronization method it is made possible in a particularly advantageous manner that, in particular, neighboring base stations use radio transmission resources from a pool that is jointly assigned to the base stations for data transmission. This enables particularly effective radio resource management. Dynamic use of available radio transmission resources is introduced or implemented in the individual radio cells.
- radio transmission resources are optimally allocated in accordance with an instantaneous traffic load, with particularly advantageously unevenly distributed subscriber assignments being compensated for.
- radio transmission resources are allocated in a preferred embodiment, taking into account an interference situation in the case of a radio transmission resource to be selected. This enables, for example, two neighboring base stations, each of which individually provides a mobile station assigned to it, to use a time slot of a carrier frequency as a radio transmission resource for the radio coverage of the mobile stations at the same time, provided the interference situation in the selected time slot allows this.
- the radio transmission resources are determined, for example, by time slots of jointly assigned carrier frequencies.
- the second synchronization method which is carried out independently and only by signal processing on the receiving side and readjustment of a synchronization state of the base stations or the mobile stations, means that available radio transmission resources in the individual radio cells are used dynamically. Available radio transmission resources are always optimally allocated in accordance with a current traffic load. Unevenly distributed subscriber assignments in the adjacent radio cells are particularly advantageously compensated for in this case.
- the second synchronization method enables interference suppression methods to be used on the part of the base station and / or on the part of the mobile station, since interference suppression methods are optimized in particular for useful and interference signals which are synchronous with one another.
- the second synchronization method enables, for example at large events, a simple addition of additional base stations, or an associated change in the number of radio cells.
- the added base station dynamically selects radio transmission resources in such a way that co-channel interference with neighboring radio cells or with the mobile stations respectively assigned to the radio cells is minimized.
- the method according to the invention is used particularly advantageously in an OFDM radio communication system which is particularly preferably used for services with high data rates.
- the method according to the invention includes the selection or use of the synchronization method based on several threshold values.
- a threshold value range is defined by two threshold values, as a result of which a "gentle" selection or switching between the synchronization methods can be implemented.
- a hysteresis function which may be time-dependent, is made possible when selecting the synchronization method.
- the influence of temporarily poorly receivable mobile stations on the selection of the synchronization method is particularly advantageously reduced.
- the second synchronization method is explained in more detail below with the aid of a drawing. Show:
- FIG. 1 shows an OFDM radio communication system with a second synchronization according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a second synchronization according to the invention carried out by a base station of FIG. 1
- FIG. 3 shows the cellular OFDM radio communication system described in the introduction to the description according to the prior art
- FIG. 1 shows an OFDM radio communication system with second synchronization according to the invention, representative of other mobile radio systems.
- Three adjacent radio cells FZ1 to FZ3 each have an assigned base station BTS1 to BTS3.
- Each of the base stations BTS1 to BTS3 supplies a number of mobile stations TU to T33 assigned to the respective radio cell FZ1 to FZ3.
- a first base station BTS1 for radio coverage is assigned a total of four mobile stations TU to T14, while a second base station BTS2 for radio coverage is assigned a total of five mobile stations T21 to T25.
- a third base station BTS3 is assigned a total of three mobile stations T31 to T33 for radio coverage.
- All three base stations BTS1 to BTS3 use a common carrier frequency resource, the total of twelve carrier frequencies, to transmit subscriber data on an equal basis fl to fl2.
- Each of the carrier frequencies fl to fl2 has seven time slots TS1 to TS7 as transmission resources in a connection direction referred to as "downlink" DL from the base station to the mobile station, while each of the carrier frequencies fl to fl2 in a connection direction referred to as "uplink" UL from the mobile station to Base station has five time slots TS1 to TS5 as transmission resources. Free, unused time slots, which are shown by way of example for the carrier frequencies f2, f8 and fl2, are designated by the letter "F".
- the first base station BTS1 of the first radio cell FZ1 receives signals from the mobile stations T11 to T14 assigned to it, as well as signals from mobile stations of the adjacent radio cells FZ2 and FZ3. This reception takes place automatically without additional monitoring of other frequency bands.
- the first base station BTS1 in the uplink still receives signals from the mobile stations T21 and T22 of the second radio cell FZ2 and signals from the mobile stations T31 and T32 of the third radio cell FZ3.
- the first base station BTS1 determines a first time deviation and a first frequency deviation based on the received mobile station signals of the neighboring radio cells FZ2 and FZ3 and derives from these values a suitable time synchronization value and a frequency synchronization value to which the first base station BTSl ultimately synchronizes. This is explained by way of example in FIG. 2 below.
- a third mobile station T13 of the first radio cell FZ1 receives signals from the base station BTS1 of its own radio cell FZl as well as signals from the neighboring base stations BTS2 and BTS3 of the radio cells FZ2 and FZ3.
- the third mobile station T13 now determines a second time deviation and a second frequency deviation based on the received base station signals and derives from these values a suitable time synchronization value and a frequency synchronization value to which the mobile station T13 ultimately synchronizes.
- the second synchronization method according to the invention is repeated, for example, frame by frame, which results in a precise, self-organized time and frequency synchronization on average over time.
- the second synchronization method particularly advantageously realizes a particularly flexible and adaptively implemented radio resource management, since all base stations can access a common pool of radio transmission resources.
- a carrier frequency selection takes into account minimal DC frequencies. quenzuccen. Allocation of transmission resources
- the abolished exclusive assignment of carrier frequencies to base stations or to radio cells makes it possible, for example, for the base station BTS1 to radio supply the mobile station T14 and the base station BTS3 to radio supply the mobile station T32 to use the time slot TS5 of the carrier frequency f5 at the same time if the interference situation in the time slot TS5 this allows.
- This interference situation is influenced, for example, by sectored receive and / or transmit antennas at the base stations or by propagation characteristics of the radio signals or by the spatial distance between the participants, etc.
- a base station for transmitting and / or receiving radio signals has, for example, three antenna arrangements, each of which individually provides radio coverage for a sector with an opening angle of 120 °. This results in a spatial separation or differentiation of radio signals and, depending on the choice of the opening angle of the sector, an improvement in an interference situation is achieved.
- each of the three base stations can access transmission resources of the carrier frequencies in whole or in part, as required, thereby avoiding bottlenecks in the individual radio cells with a simultaneous overcapacity in individual radio cells.
- the second synchronization method according to the invention is carried out independently and requires neither a complex one
- FIG. 2 shows, based on FIG. 1, a second synchronization method carried out by the base station BTS1.
- a mobile station-specific carrier frequency deviation is plotted vertically for each of the mobile stations.
- the considered first base station BTS1 receives in
- the base station BTS1 corrects its synchronization accordingly in the direction of the positive synchronization value dl. The same applies to the other base stations BTS2 and BTS3.
- TDMA / FDMA multiple access method is used individually or in combination with one another in the above-mentioned cellular radio communication system and if a so-called time division duplex transmission mode (TDD mode) is considered for the transmission, there is one received at the base station Signal r (t) from a superimposition of several signals of the mobile stations of all radio cells transmitting simultaneously in the FDMA multiple access method.
- TDD mode time division duplex transmission mode
- each base station determines the mean time of reception of overlaid OFDM symbols of the mobile stations located in the neighboring radio cells.
- a metric ⁇ (k) is created for a sample value k, the values of which also have periodic values in the case of an FDMA uplink with the OFDM symbol length N.
- M stands for a window length over which metric values are averaged for the purpose of noise reduction. As a rule, this is identical to the length of a so-called "guard interval". Under certain circumstances, a different length of a distance N from correlated values and the window length M is chosen to improve detection properties.
- assumes a value at the point of the mean time deviation of the signal components of the mobile stations at a respective base station, which is proportional to the total power of the signals of the mobile stations received from this cell.
- the maximum absolute value of the metric is
- the location of the maximum amount value is used as an estimate for the time offset of the respective base station.
- the metric values are complex in the case of a remaining residual carrier frequency deviation, which is why an approximation of the mean carrier frequency deviation of the signals received in the OFDM symbol can be determined from the phase measured in the metric maximum for small values of the carrier frequency deviation. It is advantageous to separate the FDMA signals from different ones
- Frequency range since these are assigned to different subcarriers.
- the respective carrier frequency deviation is in this case from a phase shift on each
- OFDM symbols received subcarrier take place.
- the frequency deviation of a subcarrier frequency ⁇ f (k) results from the phase change of the transmission factors H (n, k) of a subcarrier frequency k between two successive OFDM symbols with time index n and n + 1 at a time interval T s .
- the following therefore applies:
- An average carrier frequency deviation, for example, of the mobile stations received from the neighboring radio cells is determined from the values of the carrier frequency deviation of the neighboring radio cells, which are present in the frequency range after the estimate, in accordance with the quality of the estimate.
- the respective time deviation is determined from the phase shift between the subcarriers of a received OFDM symbol from a mobile station assigned to the same base station. From the values of the time deviation that are present in the frequency range after the estimate, an average time deviation, for example, of the mobile stations received from the neighboring radio cells is determined after an evaluation according to the quality of the estimate. With the help of the determined time and carrier frequency deviation, each base station regulates its own carrier frequency and its own transmission time in accordance with the determined
- each base station determines the useful powers of the mobile stations active in the radio cell and the co-channel interference powers per subcarrier originating from the neighboring radio cells.
- each base station makes an independent decision about a bandwidth to be used. Those subcarriers with a minimum interference power are selected. Depending on the achievable channel quality, the base station makes an adaptive decision about the position and number of the subcarriers to be occupied and the physical transmission parameters to be used in order to be able to optimally supply the mobile stations located within the radio cell. Cross-line organization is not required.
- This type of multiple access avoids interference within a radio cell and between mobile stations of neighboring radio cells.
- a self-organizing optimization of a multiple access method used is carried out across radio cells. This is done taking into account the radio transmission channel properties and taking into account the instantaneous interference situation in a cellular environment.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10331313A DE10331313B3 (en) | 2003-07-10 | 2003-07-10 | Method for synchronizing a radio communication system divided into radio cells |
PCT/EP2004/051269 WO2005006594A1 (en) | 2003-07-10 | 2004-06-28 | Method for synchronizing a radio communication system that is divided up into radio cells |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1645054A1 true EP1645054A1 (en) | 2006-04-12 |
Family
ID=33495240
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04766088A Withdrawn EP1645054A1 (en) | 2003-07-10 | 2004-06-28 | Method for synchronizing a radio communication system that is divided up into radio cells |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7742779B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1645054A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4567680B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20060031859A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1836386B (en) |
DE (1) | DE10331313B3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005006594A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7835750B2 (en) * | 2005-10-07 | 2010-11-16 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Multi-carrier wireless network using flexible fractional frequency reuse |
EP1799001A1 (en) | 2005-12-15 | 2007-06-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for assigning resources of frequency bands of a radio communication system and network device and subscriber station |
JP5332342B2 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2013-11-06 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Base station equipment |
JP4811478B2 (en) * | 2008-11-12 | 2011-11-09 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Base station equipment |
JP5083096B2 (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2012-11-28 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Base station equipment |
CN102090118B (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2013-11-06 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | Base station device |
KR101311848B1 (en) * | 2012-01-31 | 2013-09-25 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | Time synchronizing Method having general purpose with chirp signal's preamble and Apparatus thereof |
PL3187008T3 (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2018-05-30 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Network node and method for managing power of cell reference symbols |
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US5241688A (en) * | 1990-12-17 | 1993-08-31 | Motorola, Inc. | Frequency and time slot synchronizaton using adaptive filtering |
US5287384A (en) * | 1992-10-15 | 1994-02-15 | Lxe Inc. | Frequency hopping spread spectrum data communications system |
JP3250762B2 (en) | 1993-05-21 | 2002-01-28 | 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・ドコモ | Mobile communication system base station synchronization method |
US5363375A (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1994-11-08 | Bell Communications Research, Inc. | Method and apparatus for synchronizing timing among radio ports in wireless communications systems using hierarchical scheme |
US5839071A (en) * | 1993-09-21 | 1998-11-17 | Telstra Corporation Limited | Base station for a mobile telecommunications system |
SE513449C2 (en) * | 1995-03-15 | 2000-09-18 | Telia Ab | Procedure for radio synchronization of DECT systems |
CA2183140C (en) * | 1996-08-12 | 2001-11-20 | Grant Mcgibney | Ofdm timing and frequency recovery system |
US5872774A (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-02-16 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Mobile station assisted timing synchronization in a CDMA communication system |
US6307840B1 (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 2001-10-23 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Mobile station assisted timing synchronization in CDMA communication system |
US6208871B1 (en) * | 1998-02-27 | 2001-03-27 | Motorola, Inc. | Method and apparatus for providing a time adjustment to a wireless communication system |
US6590881B1 (en) * | 1998-12-04 | 2003-07-08 | Qualcomm, Incorporated | Method and apparatus for providing wireless communication system synchronization |
JP4550342B2 (en) * | 1999-09-17 | 2010-09-22 | クゥアルコム・インコーポレイテッド | System and method for synchronizing base stations in cellular and PCS networks |
US6836518B1 (en) * | 1999-11-16 | 2004-12-28 | Hitachi Kokusai Electric Inc. | Synchronization control method for receiver apparatus of data transmission system utilizing orthogonal frequency division multiplex, and data transmission system |
DE10030993A1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-24 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Synchronous network |
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US7548506B2 (en) * | 2001-10-17 | 2009-06-16 | Nortel Networks Limited | System access and synchronization methods for MIMO OFDM communications systems and physical layer packet and preamble design |
US7813311B2 (en) * | 2002-02-05 | 2010-10-12 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Method and apparatus for synchronizing base stations |
US7042858B1 (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2006-05-09 | Jianglei Ma | Soft handoff for OFDM |
US7065383B1 (en) * | 2002-04-16 | 2006-06-20 | Omri Hovers | Method and apparatus for synchronizing a smart antenna apparatus with a base station transceiver |
US7062282B2 (en) * | 2002-07-19 | 2006-06-13 | Mediatek, Inc. | Method and apparatus for frequency synchronization in a digital transmission system |
US7415044B2 (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2008-08-19 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Remote synchronization in packet-switched networks |
JP4442338B2 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2010-03-31 | ソニー株式会社 | Wireless communication system, wireless communication apparatus, wireless communication method, and computer program |
JP4012167B2 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2007-11-21 | 株式会社東芝 | Wireless communication system |
-
2003
- 2003-07-10 DE DE10331313A patent/DE10331313B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-06-28 US US10/563,942 patent/US7742779B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-06-28 WO PCT/EP2004/051269 patent/WO2005006594A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-06-28 CN CN2004800197372A patent/CN1836386B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-06-28 JP JP2006518203A patent/JP4567680B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-06-28 KR KR1020067000632A patent/KR20060031859A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-06-28 EP EP04766088A patent/EP1645054A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2005006594A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1836386A (en) | 2006-09-20 |
JP4567680B2 (en) | 2010-10-20 |
JP2009514259A (en) | 2009-04-02 |
WO2005006594A1 (en) | 2005-01-20 |
KR20060031859A (en) | 2006-04-13 |
CN1836386B (en) | 2010-04-21 |
DE10331313B3 (en) | 2005-01-05 |
US7742779B2 (en) | 2010-06-22 |
US20060252437A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 |
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