EP1643593B1 - Elément d'antenne à ouverture - Google Patents

Elément d'antenne à ouverture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1643593B1
EP1643593B1 EP20040255959 EP04255959A EP1643593B1 EP 1643593 B1 EP1643593 B1 EP 1643593B1 EP 20040255959 EP20040255959 EP 20040255959 EP 04255959 A EP04255959 A EP 04255959A EP 1643593 B1 EP1643593 B1 EP 1643593B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
apertures
feed
plates
aperture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP20040255959
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1643593A1 (fr
Inventor
Georg Fischer
Florian Pivit
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lucent Technologies Network Systems GmbH
Nokia of America Corp
Original Assignee
Lucent Technologies Network Systems GmbH
Lucent Technologies Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lucent Technologies Network Systems GmbH, Lucent Technologies Inc filed Critical Lucent Technologies Network Systems GmbH
Priority to EP20040255959 priority Critical patent/EP1643593B1/fr
Priority to DE200460031016 priority patent/DE602004031016D1/de
Publication of EP1643593A1 publication Critical patent/EP1643593A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1643593B1 publication Critical patent/EP1643593B1/fr
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas

Definitions

  • This invention relates to antennas, and particularly to wide-bandwidth aperture antennas.
  • Wide-bandwidth antennas are desirable for a number of reasons. Firstly, they enable economies of scale in manufacture, since if an antenna can be used over a wide range of frequencies it will be applicable in more situations, so fewer different antenna designs will be required. Also, in the field of base stations for mobile telephone services, different standards are introduced from time to time, such as the UMTS standard, and these newly introduced standards do not immediately replace the existing ones, such as GSM, but have to co-exist with them. This means that base stations need to be able to operate according to more than one standard at once, and thus to operate in the different frequency bands demanded by the different standards. One possibility would be to have separate antennas for the different frequency bands, but that would add to the costs of the base stations. It would be preferable to have antennas which had a sufficiently wide bandwidth to accommodate the frequency bands of different standards.
  • the present invention is characterized over disclosure of US 6,456,241 B1 in that the or each said feed stub is a thin conductive strip oriented in a plane which is perpendicular to the planes of said first and second plates.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of an antenna comprising a pair of apertured conductive plates 1 and 2, arranged parallel and adjacent to one another and having respective aligned apertures 3 and 4. Between the apertured plates 1 and 2 are a pair of feed stubs 5 and 6. The feed stubs 5 and 6 extend inwardly, extending part way into the region between the apertures 3 and 4. A third conductive plate 7 is parallel to and spaced apart from the apertured plates and acts as a reflector.
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of the antenna of FIG. 1 , from which the shape of the aperture 3, which is identical to aperture 4, can be seen.
  • Aperture 3 is in the form of a square with rounded corners.
  • the boundary of aperture 3 consists of straight segments 8, 9, 10 and 11, of length s , forming parts of respective sides of a square of side a, joined by 90° circular arcs 12, 13, 14 and 15 of radius r .
  • the ratio of r to a is preferably in the range 10% to 45%, more preferably in the range 20% to 40% and more preferably in the range 30% to 35%. In an embodiment to be described in more detail it is about 1/3.
  • the feed stubs 5 and 6 extend into the apertures at the centers of the straight segments 11 and 10 respectively, and at right angles to them.
  • the feed stubs 5 and 6 are coupled to respective orthogonally polarized modes.
  • the conductive plates 1, 2 and 7 and the feed stubs 5 and 6 may be of sheet metal or of metal plated onto respective insulating substrates.
  • feed stubs 5 and 6 are thin conductive strips and, in contrast to feed stubs in conventional aperture antennas, have a vertical orientation. That is to say, there are oriented in planes which are perpendicular to the planes of the apertured plates 1 and 2, so that they present their thickness dimension, rather than their width dimension, to the apertured plates 1 and 2. This achieves a better coupling and reduces the disturbance of the field in the apertures.
  • FIGs 3 and 4 show electric field lines with, respectively, a conventional horizontally oriented feed stub 35 between apertured plates 31 and 32 as shown in FIG. 3 and a vertically oriented feed stub 45 between apertured plates 41 and 42 as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the feeding line had an impedance of 100 ⁇ , which has the advantage that two antenna elements, or two feed stubs in one antenna element, can be fed in parallel from one conventional 50 ⁇ connection without the necessity for impedance matching networks, which would reduce the bandwidth of the configuration.
  • FIG. 5 shows an experimental single antenna element which operates in a frequency range of 1700MHz to 3300MHz, including the bands used in GSM 1800, UMTS, Bluetooth and WLAN systems.
  • the first and second apertured plates 51 and 52, and the third plate 57 are constructed from 0.5mm brass sheet metal and are held in their relative positions by brass posts 510 at the corners.
  • the spacing between the apertured plates 51 and 52 is 12mm and the third plate is spaced apart from the apertured plates by 40mm.
  • the apertures 53 and 54 have an overall width a of 90mm.
  • the radius r of the circular arcs forming the rounded corners is 30mm, so the length s of the straight segments of the aperture boundary is also 30mm.
  • the feed stubs 55 and 56 are made from 1 mm thick sheet metal and have a width of 4mm. They are vertically oriented, extend 32mm into the aperture and, for the purposes of this experimental embodiment, are mounted directly on 50 ⁇ co-axial surface mounting (SMA) connectors 58 and 59 which are soldered to the apertured plates 51 and 52.
  • SMA co-axial surface mounting
  • FIG. 7 shows an antenna array with four elements.
  • the topmost (first) apertured plate has been removed to enable the feed arrangement to be seen.
  • the second apertured plate 72 has four identical apertures 74a, 74b, 74c and 74d regularly spaced apart.
  • Each of the apertures 74a, 74b, 74c and 74d has the shape and dimensions discussed above in connection with FIGs 2 and 5 .
  • the first apertured plate which is not shown, has identical apertures.
  • Each of the apertures has a corresponding pair of feed stubs 75a and 76a, 75b and 76b, 75c and 76c and 75d and 76d, the stubs of each pair being arranged to excite orthogonally polarized modes in their respective aperture.
  • the feed stubs 75a, 75b, 75c and 75d are arranged to excite one linear polarization in the respective apertures 74a, 74b, 74c and 74d and the feed stubs 76a, 76b, 76c and 76d are arranged to excite the orthogonal linear polarization in the respective apertures 74a, 74b, 74c and 74d.
  • the feed stubs 75a and 75b are connected via respective co-axial leads 715a and 715b to a SMA co-axial connector 78a.
  • the feed stubs 75c and 75d are connected via respective co-axial leads 715c and 715d to a SMA co-axial connector 78b
  • the feed stubs 76a and 76b are connected via respective co-axial leads 716a and 716b to a SMA co-axial connector 79a
  • the feed stubs 76c and 76d are connected via respective co-axial leads 716c and 716d to a SMA co-axial connector 79b.
  • the SMA co-axial connectors 78a, 78b, 79a and 79b form input/output ports for the antenna array.
  • each of the SMA co-axial connectors is connected to two feed stubs arranged to excite parallel linear polarizations.
  • SMA connector 78a is connected to feed stubs 75a and 75b, which both excite parallel linear polarizations
  • SMA connector 79a is connected to feed stubs 76a and 76b, which both excite parallel linear polarizations, orthogonal to those excited by feed stubs 75a and 75b.
  • This means that the two linear polarizations can be excited independently, to employ polarization diversity, for example.
  • FIG. 8 shows an alternative arrangement, in which a single SMA connector 88 is connected to feed stubs 85 and 86 arranged to excite orthogonally polarized modes in a single aperture 84. Furthermore, the feed stubs 85 and 86 are connected via co-axial leads 815 and 816 of different lengths. Thus, a signal applied to the SMA connector 88 will excite both polarizations, with a phase difference between them, due to the difference in length between the leads 815 and 816. Such an arrangement can be used to excite circular polarization.
  • the apertures are in the form of squares with rounded corners.
  • the same principles would apply to apertures that were in the form of oblong rectangles with rounded corners.
  • Such an antenna would have different frequency bands for the two linear polarizations.

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Antenne comprenant au moins une plaque conductrice (51, 52) présentant une ouverture de résonance (53, 54), ladite ouverture de résonance ayant la forme d'un rectangle avec des coins arrondis, l'antenne comprenant :
    lesdites première (51) et deuxième (52) plaques conductrices présentant lesdites ouvertures de résonance (53, 54), lesdites première et deuxième plaques étant parallèles et lesdites ouvertures étant alignées ;
    au moins un manchon d'alimentation (55, 56) entre lesdites première et deuxième plaques et s'étendant dans l'espace entre lesdites ouvertures ; et
    une troisième plaque conductrice (57), parallèle auxdites première et deuxième plaques et espacée de ces dernières ;
    caractérisée en ce que le manchon d'alimentation ou chacun desdits manchons d'alimentation (55, 56) est une fine bande conductrice orientée dans un plan perpendiculaire aux plans desdites première et deuxième plaques.
  2. Antenne selon la revendication 1 dans laquelle lesdites ouvertures (53, 54) sont carrées avec des coins arrondis.
  3. Antenne selon la revendication 2 dans laquelle chacune desdites ouvertures (53, 54) présente une frontière composée de quatre segments droits de longueur s, formant des parties des côtés respectifs d'un carré de côté a, reliés par des arcs circulaires à 90 ° de rayon r.
  4. Antenne selon la revendication 3 dans laquelle le rapport de r à α est d'environ un tiers.
  5. Antenne selon la revendication 3 dans laquelle le manchon d'alimentation ou chacun des manchons d'alimentation (55, 56) s'étend dans l'espace entre lesdites ouvertures (53, 54) à une position qui est au centre d'un segment respectif desdits segments droits et dans une direction perpendiculaire audit un desdits segments droits.
  6. Antenne selon la revendication 5 présentant lesdits deux manchons d'alimentation (55, 56) situé en angle droit l'un par rapport à l'autre.
  7. Antenne selon la revendication 6 à utiliser avec un rayonnement à polarisation circulaire, dans laquelle lesdits deux manchons d'alimentation (Fig 8 : 85, 86) sont connectés à un port d'entrée/de sortie commun (88) via des câbles (815, 816) de différentes longueurs.
  8. Réseau d'antennes comprenant l'antenne de la revendication 1 dans lequel chacune desdites première et deuxième plaques a une pluralité desdites ouvertures (Fig 7 : 74a, 74b, 74c, 74d), chaque ouverture de ladite première plaque étant alignée à une ouverture correspondante de ladite deuxième plaque et chacune des paires ou des ouvertures correspondantes présentant un ou plusieurs manchons d'alimentation correspondants (75a, 75b, 75c, 75d, 76a, 76b, 76c, 76d) s'étendant dans l'espace entre ces dernières.
EP20040255959 2004-09-29 2004-09-29 Elément d'antenne à ouverture Expired - Fee Related EP1643593B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20040255959 EP1643593B1 (fr) 2004-09-29 2004-09-29 Elément d'antenne à ouverture
DE200460031016 DE602004031016D1 (de) 2004-09-29 2004-09-29 Antennenelement mit Apertur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20040255959 EP1643593B1 (fr) 2004-09-29 2004-09-29 Elément d'antenne à ouverture

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1643593A1 EP1643593A1 (fr) 2006-04-05
EP1643593B1 true EP1643593B1 (fr) 2011-01-12

Family

ID=34930705

Family Applications (1)

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EP20040255959 Expired - Fee Related EP1643593B1 (fr) 2004-09-29 2004-09-29 Elément d'antenne à ouverture

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EP (1) EP1643593B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE602004031016D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016113520A1 (fr) * 2015-01-16 2016-07-21 Toshiba Research Europe Limited Antenne

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0445453A1 (fr) * 1990-03-07 1991-09-11 Stc Plc Antenne
DE19712510A1 (de) * 1997-03-25 1999-01-07 Pates Tech Patentverwertung Zweilagiger Breitband-Planarstrahler

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EP1643593A1 (fr) 2006-04-05
DE602004031016D1 (de) 2011-02-24

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