Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
  • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
  • C08J5/045—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with vegetable or animal fibrous material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
  • C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L2201/00—Properties
  • C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
  • C08L3/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a formulation and a method for manufacturing a biodegradable container or pot or bucket intended for agriculture in general and more particularly for market gardening and horticulture.
• This same pot or container or scoop which has a high biodegradability content can easily be integrated and mixed to promote the fermentation of organic and mineral residues, used for the amendment of agricultural land which forms after composting a mixture commonly called a compost.
• the invention reveals numerous other particularities, facets and added values which arise from the inventive activity during the preparation of the actual mixture, but also during the shaping by the techniques of shaping and molding of the biodegradable pot.
• the current containers, pots and buckets have multiple drawbacks that the present invention will endeavor to eradicate.
• the most common use is the container or pot or bucket made of plastic (polyethylene, pvc, polypropylene ...), manufactured by the techniques of plastic injection or thermoforming which induces a relatively low cost.
• plastic polyethylene, pvc, polypropylene
• Plastic containers have no bio-compatibility with the plant organism.
• the materials in which they are designed have a relative biodegradability (from several years to tens of years), if any. This is why in most of the cases this type of product is incinerated, which requires the installation of important means of destruction and what is more, does not fit into the preservation of the environment and the preponderance of 'ecology.
• plastic containers are subject to the effects of thermodynamics, which has the consequence of causing a dew point or condensation inside the container and will thus promote the activation or development of fungal or cryptogamic diseases.
• the germination and the production of rootlets are limited by lack of aeration or oxygenation, despite the openings made in said containers.
• the plastic walls of the container do not allow the plant organism to pass through and thus to correctly draw from the soil the nutritional values necessary for its growth.
• buckets or pots made of cardboard or peat.
• the invention will serve to avoid these disadvantages and others to a substantial extent and to remedy them.
• the inventive step according to the invention is declined under several aspects of which the first is the formula of the ingredients which enter into the composition for the manufacture of the pots or the buckets or the recipients intended for the production of vegetable organism, but also to other applications which will be described in the alternative and do not form an integral part of the object of the present invention.
• the formulation according to the invention consists of four raw materials or products which enter into the composition and formulation which will be used to manufacture and produce biodegradable containers, pots and buckets.
• the formulation according to the invention consists of a fiber of vegetable origin. Preference will be given to plants known for the quality of their texture and fiber. Particularly noteworthy is hemp, the stem of which provides an excellent textile fiber. Can also be retained straw (stalks of cereals), different types of grasses for example corn, woody and non-woody plants or a grass from North Africa commonly called "camel grass”.
• wood fibers are possible whatever the type of gasoline.
• wood-based articles will be used, for example pallets, cases, sawdust and wood pulp.
• Another variant according to the invention is the use of a mixture of hay or dried herbs.
• any fibers will have an average and approximate length of between 2mm and 7mm. Please note that for some varieties this length can be up to 10mm maximum.
• the variability in the length of the fibers plays a very important role in the stability, rigidity and flexibility of the structure that makes up the pot, the container and the bucket. That is why during the preparation of the said fiber the length, the quantity and the quality of the fiber which goes into the mother composition for the manufacture of a pot or cup according to the invention will be determined.
• hemp which has better resistance to tearing and deformation while preserving a flexibility and elasticity such as to meet the requirements and criteria for making biodegradable pots or buckets compared to most other fibers. that we just mentioned.
• hemp is found to be naturally antistatic, which is very interesting for new germination applications which involve magnetic flux or pulsed waves, but also in the context of storage where the biodegradable pot or bucket or box will not accumulate. no static electricity which can be at the origin of a fire.
• the product For the optimal use of fibers, it is essential that the product preserves the qualities and criteria essential to the manufacture of pots or buckets or boxes. It is for this reason that the fibers must be dry and stored away from light and ambient air with a maximum moisture content of 25% to avoid rotting and the development of germs.
• the fiber chosen incorporates the formulation up to 60 to
• the second element or product which is the subject of the composition according to the invention is a fatty material of vegetable or animal origin or of a complex.
• the fat retained for this application and which serves the invention is manufactured by a Swedish company xxxxxxx depositary of the invention patent n ° 00000000000.
• the product will be supplied in the form of flakes or granules or in the liquid phase and stored away from any source of light, especially the sun and any source of heat.
• the integration of such a substance, namely fat, has the effect of being a binder.
• the amount of fat which is incorporated into the composition is of the order of 3 to 5% of the total weight.
• the third product or substance which makes up the formula according to the invention is a bio-plastic derived from a natural vegetable substance and the conformation of the product as it is presented makes plastic injection and thermoforming possible.
• This product or bio-plastic is the subject of a world patent n ° EP - 0118240 exploited by the "Novamont company" having as commercial reference "ZF 02 U”.
• the product will be in the form of granules with an approximate diameter of 2 to 3mm.
• Bio-plastic shows a melting point of 141 ° C. Bio-plastic is biodegradable and accepts composting.
• the fourth product which enters into the formulation and composition according to the invention is demineralized water.
• the demineralized water content is approximately 7% of the weight of the mixed product.
• this may include a pigment of natural color, to promote the growth of the plant and / or prevent the formation of fungi, algae, etc. which could harm the proper development of the cultivar.
• the formulation according to the invention may include in the composition a fungal and / or a natural pesticide to combat cryptogamic diseases in the form of spores and harmful insects in the form of larvae or eggs which are present in the soil. , or following a bad disinfection of the worktops or by a seed a plant, a cutting having undergone a previous contamination.
• the formulation and the composition which are used to manufacture and shape pots, buckets, containers, boxes according to the reference (1) are constituted by a vegetable and / or animal textile fiber (2) whose length is between 2mm and 10mm, a binder (3) formed by vegetable fat in flakes, a bioplastic from a vegetable material (4) in granules with a diameter of 2mm to 3mm and demineralized water or purified spring water (5).
• the manufacturing process according to the invention will make it possible to design the final product which involves the mixing of the previously mentioned products.
• the invention describes the principle of manufacture and production of pots or buckets or even boxes intended for agriculture, viticulture and horticulture.
• the different components that go into the composition of the formula will be stored in stainless steel tanks (6) away from heat, light and humidity.
• the routing of the raw materials will be done by means of worms (7) and for the fat-based binder by a conveyor belt which has a specific non-stick coating (8) towards intermediate tanks ⁇ ).
• From the intermediate tanks the ingredients which constitute the raw material will be conveyed to dosing hoppers (10) which integrate weighing systems (11) in order to carry out a precise dosing with respect for the weight according to the specifications. for each component that is part of the formulation.
• Each product weighed with precision will continue its race by means of an endless screw (12) with double pitch which will come to be positioned above a roller mixer (13).
• the mixer consists of 2 stainless steel cylinders, reference 304L or 316L (131). Each cylinder body is provided with a heating body or a heating system (132) with its temperature regulation and timing system to allow the cylinders to rise in temperature according to the information communicated to it.
• the cylinders (131) will be actuated by electric motors (133) managing their respective speed thanks to an electronic speed variator.
• the mixer cylinders will experience forward or reverse forward rotation variability simultaneously or independently (134).
• the mixer will be equipped with a spacing adjustment system (135) between the two cylinders. This spacing is between 0mm and 50mm (136).
• the cylinders of the mixer depending on the development of manufacturing techniques or on the new components which enter into the formulation, adopt a coating on their surface other than stainless steel. These materials could for example be plastics, composites, rubber, non-ferrous metals, alloys, etc. (137).
• the mixer cylinders may have structural patterns on their surface in order to satisfy a calendering (138) for obtaining a product specific to its activity spectrum.
• the first component or product to be dumped on top of each cylinder of the roller mixer is the biodegradable biostatic and compost material (15).
• the approximate quantity poured into the cylinders at once represents 35% to 38% of the finished product.
• the mixer cylinders rotating at the speed of 3 to 4 revolutions / min (16) will allow the bio-plastic material to adhere to them.
• the cylinders will be on the surface at a temperature of the melting point of bio-plastic (141 ° C) (17). Bio-plastic will become malleable under the effect of heat.
• the cylinders by approximation will produce the rolling effect (18) to form a film according to the desired thickness.
• the first cylinder will have less rotation than the second cylinder (about half a revolution less per minute) (19).
• the cylinders of the mixer will resume the initial rotation speed during the start of the rotation of the cylinders.
• the vegetable textile fibers will in turn be poured onto the top of the mixer cylinders (20).
• the textile vegetable fibers under the effect of rolling will undergo a forced inclusion (21) in the plastic film which adheres to the cylinder.
• the residual textile vegetable fibers which will not integrate the plastic film will be immediately collected (22) by means of a collecting tank placed under the mixer to be redirected towards the screw for the distribution of this component. Which is undoubtedly an effective way to avoid a significant loss of raw material.
• the vegetable textile fibers or the wood fibers represent approximately 60% to 63% of the material of the finished product (23).
• a second inclusion will be the intake of vegetable and / or animal fat (24).
• the proportion of vegetable and / or animal fat represents approximately 2% of the total weight of the finished product.
• the scrapers are placed below the mixer and will have the particularity of being slightly offset towards the outside so that the finished product slides on a conveyor belt and is directed towards a cooling system (26).
• a cooling system 26
• the finished product Once the finished product has cooled, it will be sent to a grinder (27) or a granulator which transforms the final film into granules or flakes.
• the granules will be of the order of 2 to 4 mm.
• the granules are conveyed to a storage hopper (28) equipped with a vibrating bowl system to avoid jamming and clogging of the granules which will be directed in a feed tunnel (29) towards the injection screw of a injection machine.
• the supply tunnel (29) will be preheated to 30 ° C (30) and the product mixed again with 3% vegetable fat (32).
• the product will be moistened with a jet of micronized demineralized water and sprayed at a rate of 3 to 5% of the weight of the material to be injected (33).
• the percentage of humidification will be proportional to the characteristics of the finished product to be injected. It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the humidification rate must remain constant. It is for this reason that a probe (34) is placed on the intermediate hopper just before injection.
• the humidification operation is essential and fundamental for designing an injected or thermoforming product.
• the humidified finished product can be injected using an injection machine (31), the mold closing pressure of which is at least 150 tonnes for 4 to 6 impressions.
• a food lubricant (35) will be sprayed into the mold after each demoulding, in order to prevent the product from adhering to the shape of the mold at the time of demolding.
• the average duration of the injection time to be observed is 8 seconds (36) at a temperature of 161 ° C (37).
• the water vapor produced by the injection machine will be sucked, cooled, filtered and returned to the humidification circuit of the finished product.
• a fundamental subsidiary feature according to the invention is the injection temperature.
• the finished product injected at different temperatures lower or higher than those described above will produce a pot or bucket or container of variable shade ranging from light brown to dark brown bordering on black. This reaction is due to bio-plastic.
• the products received at the end of the injection can be disinfected as appropriate (40), especially for plants with extreme sensitivity.
• Preference in the implementation of the disinfection system will be given to the device which uses ozone (41) as disinfecting agent, but also by extension to a radioactive source or ionizing ray (42) or even to ultrasound (43).
• composition according to the formula according to the invention makes it possible to design containers, boxes, pots and cups of various shapes and sizes (round, square, rectangular %), for applications specific to each type of for professional or private use.
• Injection or thermoforming can produce a set of the same pot or bucket or box at once when the mold is made up of several imprints, this in order to facilitate filling and / or seeding.
• the parts represented by the formula and the principle of manufacture of a biodegradable pot or bucket or box or container can in all or partly be manufactured according to current techniques and knowledge of the transformation of plastics without or with the inclusion of one or more other materials and its derivatives.
• the manufacturing techniques which characterize the present invention without this list being exhaustive are plastic injection and thermoforming, molding.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

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• 2003
  • 2003-05-20 EP EP03817000A patent/EP1629052A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2003-05-20 WO PCT/FR2003/001520 patent/WO2004104106A1/fr active Application Filing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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