EP1619737A1 - System consisting or fuel cell, afterburner and heat exchanger - Google Patents

System consisting or fuel cell, afterburner and heat exchanger Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1619737A1
EP1619737A1 EP05013766A EP05013766A EP1619737A1 EP 1619737 A1 EP1619737 A1 EP 1619737A1 EP 05013766 A EP05013766 A EP 05013766A EP 05013766 A EP05013766 A EP 05013766A EP 1619737 A1 EP1619737 A1 EP 1619737A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
afterburner
fuel cell
heat exchanger
supplied
unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05013766A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1619737B1 (en
Inventor
Peter Lamp
Jürgen Kammerer
Andreas Kaupert
Karsten Reiners
Conrad Pfender
Herbert Damsohn
Klaus Luz
Martin Brenner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
Behr GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102004033545A external-priority patent/DE102004033545B4/en
Priority claimed from DE102004055424A external-priority patent/DE102004055424A1/en
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG, Behr GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP1619737A1 publication Critical patent/EP1619737A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1619737B1 publication Critical patent/EP1619737B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0043—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for fuel cells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0012—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from waste water or from condensates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/56—Heat recovery units
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system comprising a fuel cell, an afterburner for the exhaust gas, which is supplied with air as an oxidant, and a heat exchanger for heating the air flow supplied to the fuel cell by means of the exhaust gas of the afterburner.
  • Fuel cells are currently being discussed as replacement and supplemental systems for providing electrical power in automobiles, and are known to be composed of single cells each having a cathode, an anode, and an intermediate electrolyte layer which is permeable to ions but impermeable to electrons.
  • fuel usually hydrogen or a hydrogenated mixture produced by hydrocarbon reforming
  • an oxidizer usually air-oxygen
  • DE 103 10 642 A1 describes a system comprising a fuel cell, afterburner and heat exchanger, wherein a unit containing the afterburner is arranged on a unit containing the heat exchanger and a unit containing the fuel cell is arranged thereon so that these units form a stack.
  • this publication which was not previously published with regard to the earliest priority date, shows an advantageous, compact design
  • the variants shown in this document have a long combustion space for an afterburner, which is particularly suitable for use in the automotive sector because of the demanding space requirements (ie after the smallest possible space requirement) is unfavorable.
  • catalytic burners or pore burners are unfavorable due to the requirement of structures such as ceramics or metallic catalyst supports due to their cost structure.
  • a so-called fuel gas recycling is proposed for an embodiment variant in the cited document, whereby this recirculated fuel gas is again fed directly to the fuel cell as educt.
  • the components fuel cell, afterburner and heat exchanger form a system which is characterized by the greatest possible compactness and at the same time ideal guidance of the respective gas flows, wherein furthermore a favorable heat transfer between the individual components can take place.
  • Surface burner is proposed as afterburner for gaseous fuels.
  • the two media streams reacting with one another namely the fuel cell exhaust gas and air (or atmospheric oxygen) are mixed in a combustion chamber via separately routed channels and, if necessary, by means of an ignition device or a suitable one Ignition element - ignited.
  • a flashback of the flame in unwanted areas of the fuel cell system can thus be prevented even at high temperatures of the gas streams in the afterburning.
  • Another advantage may apply that can be represented by the distribution of the flame front on a large area a compact design in conjunction with the exhaust gas flow of the afterburner downstream heat exchanger unit. This makes it possible to shorten the installation space compared with other burner types.
  • the heat exchanger unit may in addition to a first heat exchanger, in which a heat transfer between the exhaust gas of the afterburner and the supplied air flow, a second heat exchanger, in which a heat transfer between a recycle exhaust gas stream, the upstream of the afterburner Fuel cell exhaust stream branched off and downstream of said heat exchanger preferably a reformer for processing the fuel cell supplied fuel is supplied, and the fuel cell, the supplied air flow takes place.
  • This second heat exchanger is thus provided in order to be able to reuse a part of the fuel cell exhaust gas stream in an advantageous, energetically favorable manner and to supply it as a so-called recycled material, preferably to a reformer for the preparation of the fuel cell fuel.
  • This supply of recyclate should be done by means of a conveying or compacting device, which is relatively simple can be constructed when the temperature of the recyclate is not too high.
  • a heat exchanger is proposed, which - to keep the structure of the entire system continues to be as compact as possible - is located next to the other, first heat exchanger or in a common plane with this.
  • this proposed arrangement is also insofar as can be passed through these two heat exchanger for heating the fuel cell supplied air flow under simple, energetically favorable flow guidance.
  • Upstream of the surface burner or in the flow direction of the fuel cell exhaust viewed upstream of the perforated plate structure of the surface burner and thus on the side facing the fuel cell thereof is preferably a so-called.
  • Gas distributor provided in which the exhaust stream of the fuel cell is divided into a first, not the afterburner but as a recyclate preferably a reformer supplied partial flow and into a second partial stream, which is divided into a plurality of individual streams via said perforated plate structure in the Ausbrandraum of the afterburner, wherein in this gas distributor and an air flow (or atmospheric oxygen stream) is divided into a plurality of individual streams , around then pass through the perforated plate structure as an oxidant in the Ausbrandraum the afterburner.
  • At least one additional channel may be provided in the system via either cold (ambient) air to either the hot fuel cell exhaust, i. the cathode exhaust air, or (or and) can be supplied to the exhaust stream of the afterburner, whereby the temperature of the afterburning can be regulated.
  • the air stream supplied to the afterburner as the oxidizing agent can be composed with a variable mixing ratio of the residual air flow of the fuel cell and a fresh air stream;
  • the exhaust gas of the surface burner a fresh air flow can be supplied.
  • both the heat exchangers and the surface burner and all feed channels and discharge channels are kept in a common structure, so for example.
  • a suitable gas-tight connection can be realized with each other by brazing and / or welded joints.
  • said structure is coupled directly to the fuel cell and can serve as a holder for the same.
  • the overall arrangement, consisting of fuel cell, heat exchangers, gas distribution in channels and afterburning can be coupled, moreover, to a so-called. Reformer or to another source of gaseous fuel for the fuel cell.
  • the fuel stream or the stream of unburned reformate is indicated by the reference numeral 2 and the fuel cell 1 supplied air oxygen stream by the reference numeral 3.
  • the exhaust stream 4 of the fuel cell 1 is in a gas distributor 5 in a first partial flow 4a, which is finally fed as a so-called.
  • Recyclate preferably a reformer, not shown, for the production of reformate as fuel, and divided into a second partial stream 4b.
  • This partial flow 4b is then divided into a plurality of individual streams via a perforated plate structure 6a or the like into a burn-out space 6b of an afterburner 6 designed as a so-called surface burner.
  • the exhaust gas stream 8 of the afterburner 6 is (subsequently) finally discharged through a heat exchanger 9 into the environment.
  • this exhaust stream 8 is in this designed as a cross-flow heat exchanger heat exchanger 9 or the fuel cell 1 as fresh air stream supplied air oxygen stream 3, which is thus advantageously heated here to improve the reaction in the fuel cell 1.
  • this air-oxygen stream 3 flows through the heat exchanger 9, it is first passed through another heat exchanger 10, likewise designed as a cross-flow heat exchanger, through which the already mentioned first partial flow 4a of fuel cell waste gas 4 is discharged as so-called recycled material as the second medium flow. The latter is thus advantageously cooled in this heat exchanger 10 with regard to its further use.
  • the air-oxygen stream 3 of the fuel cell 1 is used for this one, wherein the oxygen not yet consumed in the fuel cell 1 can be accessed; Furthermore, this air flow 7, a fresh air stream 11 are added from the environment, which also takes place here within the gas distributor 5. Incidentally, the exhaust gas 8 of the afterburner fresh air 12 can be supplied (see Fig. Figure 2).
  • the fuel cell 1 is arranged within a housing 21 which forms a so-called unit 21 with the associated gas ducts, below which it essentially equidistant within a housing 22 as the first unit 22a of the gas distributor 5 and behind it in the flow direction of the fuel cell exhaust gas stream 4 second unit 22b of the afterburner 6 and then (or in the figure representation below) the heat exchangers 9, 10 are arranged in a unit 23 thereafter.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The system includes a fuel cell (1), and an afterburner (6) for its exhaust gas, to which air is supplied as an oxidizing agent. A heat exchanger (9) warms up the air flow supplied to the fuel cell using the exhaust gas from the afterburner. A unit (23) containing the heat exchanger, a unit (22b) containing the afterburner, and a unit (21) containing the fuel cell are arranged one above the other to form a stack. The afterburner is formed as a surface burner.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein System aus einer Brennstoffzelle, einem Nachbrenner für deren Abgas, dem als Oxidationsmittel Luft zugeführt wird, sowie einem Wärmetauscher zum Hochheizen des der Brennstoffzelle zugeführten Luftstromes mittels des Abgases des Nachbrenners.The invention relates to a system comprising a fuel cell, an afterburner for the exhaust gas, which is supplied with air as an oxidant, and a heat exchanger for heating the air flow supplied to the fuel cell by means of the exhaust gas of the afterburner.

Brennstoffzellen werden derzeit als Ersatz- und Ergänzungssysteme zur Bereitstellung von elektrischer Leistung in Kraftfahrzeugen diskutiert und sind bekanntlich aus Einzelzellen, die jeweils eine Kathode, eine Anode und eine dazwischen liegende Elektrolytschicht aufweisen, welche für Ionen durchlässig, aber für Elektronen undurchlässig ist, aufgebaut. In Brennstoffzellen reagieren Brennstoff (üblicherweise Wasserstoff oder ein Reformat bzw. ein mittels Reformierung aus Kohlenwasserstoffen erzeugtes wasserstoffhaltiges Gemisch) und ein Oxidations-mittel (üblicherweise Luft-Sauerstoff) unter Abgabe von elektrischem Strom miteinander, wobei jedoch eine vollständige Umsetzung der (üblicherweise gasförmigen) Brennstoffe in Strom und Wärme nicht vollständig geleistet werden kann. Um also die Emission von Brennstoffen und anderen schädlichen Bestandteilen über die Abgase von Brennstoffzellen-Systemen zu verhindern oder auf ein Mindestmass zu beschränken, setzt man typischerweise Nachverbrennungssysteme ein.Fuel cells are currently being discussed as replacement and supplemental systems for providing electrical power in automobiles, and are known to be composed of single cells each having a cathode, an anode, and an intermediate electrolyte layer which is permeable to ions but impermeable to electrons. In fuel cells, fuel (usually hydrogen or a hydrogenated mixture produced by hydrocarbon reforming) and an oxidizer (usually air-oxygen) react with one another while giving off electric current, but with complete conversion of the (usually gaseous) fuels in electricity and heat can not be fully provided. Thus, to prevent or minimize emissions of fuel and other harmful components via the exhaust gases of fuel cell systems, one typically employs post-combustion systems.

Insbesondere an Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellen (bspw. SOFC = Festoxid-Brennstoffzelle) ist es aus Wirkungsgradgründen erwünscht, dass die Produktströme der Brennstoffzelle aus deren Anode(n) und Kathode(n) gemeinsam in einer Nachverbrennung umgesetzt werden. Deren Abwärme kann vorteilhafterweise in das Brennstoffzellen-System zurückgeführt werden, und zwar im Wärmetausch mit den der Brennstoffzelle zugeführten Edukten. Für den Einsatz in Brennstoffzellen-Systemen werden dabei verschiedene Nachverbrennungssysteme diskutiert. So sind sowohl Verbrennungen mit freier Flamme nach Vermischung der Medienströme als auch sog. Röhrenbrenner und Porenbrenner und Brenner mit katalytischer Unterstützung theoretisch möglich, wobei jedoch darauf zu achten ist, dass eine unkontrollierte Vermischung der Produktströme von Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellen zu vermeiden ist, da sich die gasförmigen Brennstoffe beim vorliegenden Temperaturniveau selbst entzünden könnten, was zu unkontrollierter Verbrennung an ungewünschter Stelle im Brennstoffzellen-System und möglicherweise zu einer Beschädigung desselben führen kann.In particular, in high-temperature fuel cells (for example, SOFC = solid oxide fuel cell), it is desirable for efficiency reasons that the product streams of the fuel cell from the anode (s) and cathode (s) are reacted together in an afterburning. Their waste heat can be advantageously recycled to the fuel cell system, in heat exchange with the educts supplied to the fuel cell. Different afterburning systems are discussed for use in fuel cell systems. Thus, both free-flame burns after mixing the media streams and so-called tube burners and pore burners and burners with catalytic assistance are theoretically possible, but care must be taken to avoid an uncontrolled mixing of the product streams of high-temperature fuel cells, since the gaseous fuels could self-ignite at the present temperature level, which may result in uncontrolled combustion at undesirable locations in the fuel cell system and possibly damage thereof.

In der DE 103 10 642 A1 ist ein System aus Brennstoffzelle, Nachbrenner und Wärmetauscher beschrieben, wobei auf einer den Wärmetauscher enthaltenden Einheit eine den Nachbrenner enthaltende Einheit und auf dieser eine die Brennstoffzelle enthaltende Einheit angeordnet ist, so dass diese Einheiten einen Stapel bilden. Diese im Hinblick aus das früheste Prioritätsdatum nicht vorveröffentlichte Schrift zeigt zwar eine vorteilhafte, kompakte Bauweise, jedoch besitzen die in dieser Schrift gezeigten Varianten für einen Nachbrenner einen langen Ausbrandraum, was insbesondere für eine Anwendung im Automobilbereich wegen der hier vorliegenden anspruchsvollen Bauraum-Anforderungen (d.h. nach möglichst geringem Bauraumbedarf) ungünstig ist. Auch katalytische Brenner bzw. Porenbrenner sind wegen des Erfordernisses von Strukturen wie Keramiken oder metallischen Katalysatorträgern aufgrund ihrer Kostenstruktur ungünstig. Ferner ist für eine Ausführungsvariante in der genannten Schrift ein sog. Brenngasrecycling vorgeschlagen, wobei dieses zurückgeführte Brenngas der Brennstoffzelle als Edukt wieder direkt zugeführt wird.DE 103 10 642 A1 describes a system comprising a fuel cell, afterburner and heat exchanger, wherein a unit containing the afterburner is arranged on a unit containing the heat exchanger and a unit containing the fuel cell is arranged thereon so that these units form a stack. Although this publication, which was not previously published with regard to the earliest priority date, shows an advantageous, compact design, the variants shown in this document have a long combustion space for an afterburner, which is particularly suitable for use in the automotive sector because of the demanding space requirements (ie after the smallest possible space requirement) is unfavorable. Also catalytic burners or pore burners are unfavorable due to the requirement of structures such as ceramics or metallic catalyst supports due to their cost structure. Furthermore, a so-called fuel gas recycling is proposed for an embodiment variant in the cited document, whereby this recirculated fuel gas is again fed directly to the fuel cell as educt.

Hier soll nun ein verbessertes System nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 aufgezeigt werden (= Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung).
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine den Wärmetauscher enthaltende Einheit und eine den Nachbrenner enthaltende Einheit und eine die Brennstoffzelle enthaltende Einheit zu einem Stapel übereinander angeordnet sind und dass der Nachbrenner als Flächenbrenner ausgebildet ist. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind Inhalt der Unteransprüche.Here is an improved system according to the preamble of claim 1 will now be shown (= object of the present invention).
The solution to this problem is characterized in that a unit containing the heat exchanger and a unit containing the afterburner and a unit containing the fuel cell are arranged one above the other in a stack and that the afterburner is designed as a surface burner. Advantageous developments are content of the dependent claims.

Zu einem Stapel geeignet übereinander angeordnet bilden die Bauelemente Brennstoffzelle, Nachbrenner und Wärmerauscher ein System, das sich durch größtmögliche Kompaktheit und gleichzeitig ideale Führung der jeweiligen Gasströme auszeichnet, wobei weiterhin ein günstiger Wärmeübergang zwischen den einzelnen Bauelementen stattfinden kann. Ebenfalls im Hinblick auf eine kompakte Bauweise bei kostengünstiger Herstellbarkeit sowie im Hinblick darauf, dass eine Trennung der Brennstoffzellen-Produktströme möglich sein soll, wird als Nachbrenner für gasförmige Kraftstoffe ein sog. Flächenbrenner vorgeschlagen. Bei diesem (an sich bekannten) Flächenbrenner-Prinzip werden über separat geführte Kanäle die beiden miteinander reagierenden Medienströme, nämlich das Brennstoffzellen-Abgas und Luft (bzw. Luftsauerstoff) erst in einem Ausbrandraum vermengt und dort - falls erforderlich mittels einer Zündvorrichtung bzw. eines geeigneten Zündelements - gezündet. Ein Rückschlagen der Flamme in nicht erwünschte Bereiche des Brennstoffzellen-Systems kann so auch bei hohen Temperaturen der Gasströme in der Nachverbrennung verhindert werden. Als weiterer Vorteil darf gelten, dass sich durch die Verteilung der Flammfront auf eine große Fläche eine kompakte Bauart in Verbindung mit der dem Abgasstrom des Nachbrenners nachgeschalteten Wärmetauscher-Einheit darstellen lässt. Hierdurch wird eine Verkürzung des Bauraums gegenüber anderen Brenner-Typen möglich.Suitably arranged one above the other, the components fuel cell, afterburner and heat exchanger form a system which is characterized by the greatest possible compactness and at the same time ideal guidance of the respective gas flows, wherein furthermore a favorable heat transfer between the individual components can take place. Also in view of a compact design with cost-effective manufacturability and in view of the fact that a separation of the fuel cell product streams should be possible, a so-called. Surface burner is proposed as afterburner for gaseous fuels. In this (known per se) surface burner principle, the two media streams reacting with one another, namely the fuel cell exhaust gas and air (or atmospheric oxygen), are mixed in a combustion chamber via separately routed channels and, if necessary, by means of an ignition device or a suitable one Ignition element - ignited. A flashback of the flame in unwanted areas of the fuel cell system can thus be prevented even at high temperatures of the gas streams in the afterburning. Another advantage may apply that can be represented by the distribution of the flame front on a large area a compact design in conjunction with the exhaust gas flow of the afterburner downstream heat exchanger unit. This makes it possible to shorten the installation space compared with other burner types.

Im Sinne einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung kann die Wärmetauscher-Einheit neben einem ersten Wärmetauscher, in dem ein Wärmeübergang zwischen dem Abgas des Nachbrenners und dem zugeführten Luftstrom erfolgt, einen zweiten Wärmetauscher enthalten, in dem ein Wärmeübergang zwischen einem Rezyklat-Abgasstrom, der stromauf des Nachbrenners vom Brennstoffzellen-Abgasstrom abgezweigt und stromab dieses besagten Wärmetauschers vorzugsweise einem Reformer zur Aufbereitung des der Brennstoffzelle zugeführten Brennstoffs zugeführt wird, und dem der Brennstoffzelle zugeführten Luftstrom erfolgt. Dieser zweite Wärmetauscher ist somit vorgesehen, um einen Teil des Brennstoffzellen-Abgasstromes in vorteilhafter, energetisch günstiger Weise nochmals verwenden zu können und hierbei als sog. Rezyklat vorzugsweise einem Reformer zur Aufbereitung des Brennstoffzellen-Kraftstoffs zuzuführen. Diese Rezyklat-Zufuhr sollte mittels einer Förder- oder Verdichtungsvorrichtung erfolgen, die relativ einfach aufgebaut sein kann, wenn die Temperatur des Rezyklats nicht zu hoch ist. Damit diese Voraussetzung erfüllt werden kann, wird also ein Wärmetauscher vorgeschlagen, der - um den Aufbau des gesamten Systems weiterhin möglichst kompakt zu halten - direkt neben dem anderen, ersten Wärmetauscher bzw. in einer gemeinsamen Ebene mit diesem angeordnet ist. Vorteilhaft ist diese vorgeschlagene Anordnung auch insofern, als durch diese beiden Wärmetauscher zur Aufwärmung der der Brennstoffzelle zugeführte Luftstrom unter einfacher, energetisch günstiger Strömungsführung geleitet werden kann. Um dabei einen bestmöglichen Wärmetausch-Wirkungsgrad zu erzielen, wird vorgeschlagen, die beiden Wärmetauscher als Kreuzstrom-Wärmetauscher auszubilden.In terms of an advantageous development, the heat exchanger unit may in addition to a first heat exchanger, in which a heat transfer between the exhaust gas of the afterburner and the supplied air flow, a second heat exchanger, in which a heat transfer between a recycle exhaust gas stream, the upstream of the afterburner Fuel cell exhaust stream branched off and downstream of said heat exchanger preferably a reformer for processing the fuel cell supplied fuel is supplied, and the fuel cell, the supplied air flow takes place. This second heat exchanger is thus provided in order to be able to reuse a part of the fuel cell exhaust gas stream in an advantageous, energetically favorable manner and to supply it as a so-called recycled material, preferably to a reformer for the preparation of the fuel cell fuel. This supply of recyclate should be done by means of a conveying or compacting device, which is relatively simple can be constructed when the temperature of the recyclate is not too high. Thus, this condition can be met, so a heat exchanger is proposed, which - to keep the structure of the entire system continues to be as compact as possible - is located next to the other, first heat exchanger or in a common plane with this. Advantageously, this proposed arrangement is also insofar as can be passed through these two heat exchanger for heating the fuel cell supplied air flow under simple, energetically favorable flow guidance. In order to achieve the best possible heat exchange efficiency, it is proposed to form the two heat exchangers as a cross-flow heat exchanger.

Zurückkommend auf den als Flächenbrenner ausgebildeten Nachbrenner kann dessen Gemischbildung sehr homogen gestaltet werden, nachdem durch die Verteilung der jeweiligen Zufuhrlöcher von Brennstoffzellen-Abgas (von der Anode der Brennstoffzelle kommend) und Luft (bevorzugt bzw. unter anderem von der Kathode der Brennstoffzelle kommend) auf einer sog. Brennfläche in Form einer Platte oder eines Lochblechs eine über dieser Brennfläche verteilte Mischung stattfinden kann. Dabei besteht durch das Lochbild dieser Brennfläche bzw. Platte oder dgl. sowie durch Variierung der Lochdurchmesser auf der Platte bzw. in dem Lochblech eine zusätzliche Möglichkeit, die Gemischbildung und den Verbrennungsprozess und die Entstehung von Emissionen zu beeinflussen. Die Verbrennung findet stets im freien Ausbrandraum statt, ohne dass unterstützende Strukturen, die weitere Kosten verursachen würden, benötigt werden.Coming back to the trained as a surface burner afterburner whose mixture formation can be made very homogeneous, after by the distribution of the respective feed holes of fuel cell exhaust (coming from the anode of the fuel cell) and air (preferably or among others from the cathode of the fuel cell coming) on a so-called. Brennfläche in the form of a plate or a perforated plate a distributed over this focal surface mixture can take place. In this case, there is an additional possibility through the hole pattern of this burning surface or plate or the like. And by varying the hole diameter on the plate or in the perforated plate to influence the mixture formation and the combustion process and the generation of emissions. Combustion always takes place in free combustion space without the need for supporting structures that would cause further costs.

Stromauf des Flächenbrenners bzw. in Strömungsrichtung des Brennstoffzellenabgases betrachtet stromauf der Lochblechstruktur des Flächenbrenners und somit auf der der Brennstoffzelle zugewandten Seite derselben ist bevorzugt ein sog. Gasverteiler vorgesehen, in dem der Abgasstrom der Brennstoffzelle aufgeteilt wird in einen ersten, nicht dem Nachbrenner sondern als Rezyklat vorzugsweise einem Reformer zugeführten Teilstrom und in einen zweiten Teilstrom, der in eine Vielzahl von Einzelströmen aufgeteilt über die besagte Lochblechstruktur in den Ausbrandraum des Nachbrenners gelangt, wobei in diesem Gasverteiler auch ein Luftstrom (bzw. Luftsauerstoff-Strom) in eine Vielzahl von Einzelströmen aufgeteilt wird, um danach über die Lochblechstruktur als Oxidationsmittel in den Ausbrandraum des Nachbrenners zu gelangen.Upstream of the surface burner or in the flow direction of the fuel cell exhaust viewed upstream of the perforated plate structure of the surface burner and thus on the side facing the fuel cell thereof is preferably a so-called. Gas distributor provided in which the exhaust stream of the fuel cell is divided into a first, not the afterburner but as a recyclate preferably a reformer supplied partial flow and into a second partial stream, which is divided into a plurality of individual streams via said perforated plate structure in the Ausbrandraum of the afterburner, wherein in this gas distributor and an air flow (or atmospheric oxygen stream) is divided into a plurality of individual streams , around then pass through the perforated plate structure as an oxidant in the Ausbrandraum the afterburner.

In einer weiteren Konfiguration kann im System zumindest ein zusätzlicher Kanal vorgesehen sein, über den kalte (Umgebungs-)Luft entweder dem heißen Brennstoffzellen-Abgas, d.h. der Kathodenabluft, oder (bzw. und) dem Abgasstrom des Nachbrenners zugeführt werden kann, womit sich die Temperatur der Nachverbrennung regeln lässt. Es kann also der dem Nachbrenner als Oxidationsmittel zugeführte Luftstrom mit veränderbarem Mischungsverhältnis aus dem Rest-Luftstrom der Brennstoffzelle und einem Frischluftstrom zusammengesetzt werden; ferner oder alternativ hierzu kann dem Abgas des Flächenbrenners ein Frischluftstrom zuführbar sein.In another configuration, at least one additional channel may be provided in the system via either cold (ambient) air to either the hot fuel cell exhaust, i. the cathode exhaust air, or (or and) can be supplied to the exhaust stream of the afterburner, whereby the temperature of the afterburning can be regulated. Thus, the air stream supplied to the afterburner as the oxidizing agent can be composed with a variable mixing ratio of the residual air flow of the fuel cell and a fresh air stream; Furthermore or alternatively, the exhaust gas of the surface burner, a fresh air flow can be supplied.

Bevorzugt sind sowohl die Wärmetauscher als auch der Flächenbrenner und alle Zufuhrkanäle und Abfuhrkanäle in einer gemeinsamen Struktur gehalten, so bspw. in einem gefrästen Gussteil oder in einer Stahlblechkonstruktion, wobei eine geeignete gasdichte Verbindung untereinander durch Hartlötverbindungen und/oder Schweißverbindungen realisiert sein kann. Bevorzugt ist diese genannte Struktur direkt an die Brennstoffzelle gekoppelt und kann als Halter für dieselbe dienen. Die Gesamtanordnung, bestehend aus Brennstoffzelle, Wärmetauschern, Gasverteilung in Kanälen und Nachverbrennung kann im übrigen an einen sog. Reformer oder an eine andere Quelle für gasförmigem Brennstoff für die Brennstoffzelle gekoppelt sein.Preferably, both the heat exchangers and the surface burner and all feed channels and discharge channels are kept in a common structure, so for example. In a milled casting or in a sheet steel construction, with a suitable gas-tight connection can be realized with each other by brazing and / or welded joints. Preferably, said structure is coupled directly to the fuel cell and can serve as a holder for the same. The overall arrangement, consisting of fuel cell, heat exchangers, gas distribution in channels and afterburning can be coupled, moreover, to a so-called. Reformer or to another source of gaseous fuel for the fuel cell.

Anhand der als Figur 1 beigefügten Prinzipskizze sowie der räumlichen Quasi-Explosionsdarstellung gemäß Figur 2 wird im weiteren ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung erläutert. Mit der Bezugsziffer 1 ist dabei stets ein Brennstoffzellen-Stack (= Stapel von Brennstoff-Einzelzellen bzw. allg. Brennstoffzelle 1) gekennzeichnet, in dem/der wie bekannt bspw. Wasserstoff bzw. ein entsprechendes Reformat als Brennstoff und Luftsauerstoff unter Abgabe elektrischer Energie miteinander reagieren. Der Brennstoffstrom bzw. der Strom von unverbranntem Reformat ist mit der Bezugsziffer 2 gekennzeichnet und der der Brennstoffzelle 1 zugeführte Luftsauerstoffstrom mit der Bezugsziffer 3.On the basis of the accompanying schematic diagram of Figure 1 and the spatial quasi-exploded view of Figure 2, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be explained in the following. The reference numeral 1 is always a fuel cell stack (= stack of single fuel cells or general fuel cell 1) characterized in the / as known, for example. Hydrogen or a corresponding reformate as fuel and atmospheric oxygen with release of electrical energy with each other react. The fuel stream or the stream of unburned reformate is indicated by the reference numeral 2 and the fuel cell 1 supplied air oxygen stream by the reference numeral 3.

Der Abgasstrom 4 der Brennstoffzelle 1 wird in einem Gasverteiler 5 in einen ersten Teilstrom 4a, der schließlich als sog. Rezyklat vorzugsweise einem nicht dargestellten Reformer zur Erzeugung von Reformat als Brennstoff zugeführt wird, und in einen zweiten Teilstrom 4b aufgeteilt. Dieser Teilstrom 4b wird dann in eine Vielzahl von Einzelströmen aufgeteilt über eine Lochblechstruktur 6a oder dgl. in einen Ausbrandraum 6b eines als sog. Flächenbrenner ausgebildeten Nachbrenners 6 geführt. In diesem Ausbrandraum 6b des Nachbrenners 6 erfolgt also eine Nachverbrennung eines Teils des Brennstoffzellen-Abgasstromes 4, wozu in den Nachbrenner 6 selbstverständlich auch Luftsauerstoff eingeleitet wird, und zwar in Form eines Luftstroms 7 (bzw. Luftsauerstoff-Stroms 7), der ebenfalls im Gasverteiler 5 in eine Vielzahl von Einzelströmen aufgeteilt wird, um danach über die besagte Lochblechstruktur 6a als Oxidationsmittel in den Ausbrandraum 6b zu gelangen.The exhaust stream 4 of the fuel cell 1 is in a gas distributor 5 in a first partial flow 4a, which is finally fed as a so-called. Recyclate preferably a reformer, not shown, for the production of reformate as fuel, and divided into a second partial stream 4b. This partial flow 4b is then divided into a plurality of individual streams via a perforated plate structure 6a or the like into a burn-out space 6b of an afterburner 6 designed as a so-called surface burner. In this Ausbrandraum 6b of the afterburner 6 so there is an afterburning of a portion of the fuel cell exhaust stream 4, including in the afterburner 6, of course, atmospheric oxygen is introduced, in the form of an air stream 7 (or atmospheric oxygen stream 7), which is also in the gas distributor 5 is divided into a plurality of individual streams, in order to then arrive via the said perforated plate structure 6a as an oxidizing agent in the Ausbrandraum 6b.

Der Abgasstrom 8 des Nachbrenners 6 wird (anschließend) durch einen Wärmetauscher 9 hindurch letztlich in die Umgebung abgeführt. In Wärmetausch mit diesem Abgasstrom 8 steht in diesem als Kreuzstrom-Wärmetauscher ausgebildetem Wärmetauscher 9 ein bzw. der der Brennstoffzelle 1 als Frischluftstrom zugeführte Luftsauerstoffstrom 3, welcher hier also zur Verbesserung der Reaktion in der Brennstoffzelle 1 vorteilhafterweise erwärmt wird. Bevor dieser Luftsauerstoffstrom 3 den Wärmetauscher 9 durchströmt, wird er jedoch zunächst durch einen weiteren ebenfalls als Kreuzstrom-Wärmetauscher ausgebildeten Wärmetauscher 10 hindurchgeführt, durch den als zweiter Medienstrom der bereits genannte erste Teilstrom 4a von Brennstoffzellen-Abgas 4 als sog. Rezyklat abgeführt wird. Letzteres wird in diesem Wärmetauscher 10 im Hinblick auf seine weitere Verwendung also vorteilhafterweise abgekühlt.The exhaust gas stream 8 of the afterburner 6 is (subsequently) finally discharged through a heat exchanger 9 into the environment. In heat exchange with this exhaust stream 8 is in this designed as a cross-flow heat exchanger heat exchanger 9 or the fuel cell 1 as fresh air stream supplied air oxygen stream 3, which is thus advantageously heated here to improve the reaction in the fuel cell 1. However, before this air-oxygen stream 3 flows through the heat exchanger 9, it is first passed through another heat exchanger 10, likewise designed as a cross-flow heat exchanger, through which the already mentioned first partial flow 4a of fuel cell waste gas 4 is discharged as so-called recycled material as the second medium flow. The latter is thus advantageously cooled in this heat exchanger 10 with regard to its further use.

Was den dem Nachbrenner 6 zugeführten Luftstrom 7 betrifft, so wird für diesen zum einen der Luftsauerstoffstrom 3 der Brennstoffzelle 1 verwendet, wobei auf den in der Brennstoffzelle 1 noch nicht verbrauchten Sauerstoff zugegriffen werden kann; ferner kann diesem Luftstrom 7 ein Frischluftstrom 11 aus der Umgebung beigemengt werden, was hier ebenfalls innerhalb des Gasverteilers 5 erfolgt. Im übrigen kann auch dem Abgas 8 des Nachbrenners Frischluft 12 zugeführt werden (vgl. Fig.2).Concerning the air stream 7 supplied to the afterburner 6, the air-oxygen stream 3 of the fuel cell 1 is used for this one, wherein the oxygen not yet consumed in the fuel cell 1 can be accessed; Furthermore, this air flow 7, a fresh air stream 11 are added from the environment, which also takes place here within the gas distributor 5. Incidentally, the exhaust gas 8 of the afterburner fresh air 12 can be supplied (see Fig. Figure 2).

Insbesondere aus Figur 2 wird die kompakte Anordnung der soweit beschriebenen System-Bestandteile ersichtlich. Die Brennstoffzelle 1 ist innerhalb eines Gehäuses 21 angeordnet, das mit den zugehörigen Gaskanälen eine sog. Einheit 21 bildet, unterhalb derer im wesentlichen flächengleich innerhalb eines Gehäuses 22 als erste Einheit 22a der Gasverteiler 5 und - in Strömungsrichtung des Brennstoffzellen-Abgasstromes 4 betrachtet dahinter als zweite Einheit 22b der Nachbrenner 6 und an diesen anschließend (bzw. in der Figurendarstellung unterhalb) die Wärmetauscher 9, 10 in einer Einheit 23 angeordnet sind.In particular, from Figure 2, the compact arrangement of the system components described so far can be seen. The fuel cell 1 is arranged within a housing 21 which forms a so-called unit 21 with the associated gas ducts, below which it essentially equidistant within a housing 22 as the first unit 22a of the gas distributor 5 and behind it in the flow direction of the fuel cell exhaust gas stream 4 second unit 22b of the afterburner 6 and then (or in the figure representation below) the heat exchangers 9, 10 are arranged in a unit 23 thereafter.

Claims (8)

System aus einer Brennstoffzelle (1), einem Nachbrenner (6) für deren Abgas, dem als Oxidationsmittel Luft zugeführt wird, sowie einem Wärmetauscher (9) zum Hochheizen des der Brennstoffzelle (1) zugeführten Luftstromes (3) mittels des Abgases (8) des Nachbrenners (6),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine den Wärmetauscher (9) enthaltende Einheit (23) und eine den Nachbrenner (6) enthaltende Einheit (22b) und eine die Brennstoffzelle (1) enthaltende Einheit (21) zu einem Stapel übereinander angeordnet sind und dass der Nachbrenner (6) als Flächenbrenner ausgebildet ist.System comprising a fuel cell (1), an afterburner (6) for the exhaust gas, which is supplied with air as the oxidizing agent, and a heat exchanger (9) for heating the air flow (3) supplied to the fuel cell (1) by means of the exhaust gas (8) of the Afterburner (6),
characterized in that a unit (23) containing the heat exchanger (9) and a unit (22b) containing the afterburner (6) and a unit (21) containing the fuel cell (1) are arranged one above the other in a stack and that the afterburner ( 6) is designed as a surface burner. System nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmetauscher-Einheit (23) neben einem ersten Wärmetauscher (9), in dem ein Wärmeübergang zwischen dem Abgas (8) des Nachbrenners (6) und dem zugeführten Luftstrom (3) erfolgt, einen zweiten Wärmetauscher (10) enthält, in dem ein Wärmeübergang zwischen einem Rezyklat-Abgasstrom (4a), der stromauf des Nachbrenners (6) vom Brennstoffzellen-Abgasstrom (4) abgezweigt und stromab dieses besagten Wärmetauschers (10) vorzugsweise einem Reformer zur Aufbereitung des der Brennstoffzelle (1) zugeführten Brennstoffs zugeführt wird, und dem der Brennstoffzelle (1) zugeführten Luftstrom (3) erfolgt.System according to claim 1,
characterized in that the heat exchanger unit (23) in addition to a first heat exchanger (9) in which a heat transfer between the exhaust gas (8) of the afterburner (6) and the supplied air flow (3), a second heat exchanger (10) in which a heat transfer between a recycled waste gas stream (4a), the upstream of the afterburner (6) branched off from the fuel cell exhaust stream (4) and downstream of said heat exchanger (10) preferably a reformer for processing the fuel cell (1) supplied fuel is supplied, and the fuel cell (1) supplied air flow (3). System nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Wärmetauscher (9, 10) als Kreuzstrom-Wärmetauscher ausgebildet sind.System according to claim 2,
characterized in that the two heat exchangers (9, 10) are designed as cross-flow heat exchangers. System nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die den Flächenbrenner enthaltende Nachbrenner-Einheit einen stromab einer die Brennfläche bildenden Lochblechstruktur vorgesehenen Ausbrandraum aufweist, während stromauf dieser Lochblechstruktur und somit auf der der Brennstoffzelle zugewandten Seite derselben ein Gasverteiler vorgesehen ist, in dem der Abgasstrom der Brennstoffzelle aufgeteilt wird in einen ersten, nicht dem Nachbrenner sondern als Rezyklat einem Reformer zugeführten Teilstrom und in einen zweiten Teilstrom, der in eine Vielzahl von Einzelströmen aufgeteilt über die Lochblechstruktur in den Ausbrandraum des Nachbrenners gelangt, wobei in diesem Gasverteiler auch ein Luftstrom in eine Vielzahl von Einzelströmen aufgeteilt wird, um danach über die Lochblechstruktur als Oxidationsmittel in den Ausbrandraum des Nachbrenners zu gelangen.System according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the afterburner unit containing the surface burner comprises a burnout space provided downstream of the perforated sheet structure forming the fuel surface, while a gas distributor is provided upstream of said perforated sheet structure and thus on the side facing the fuel cell in which the exhaust flow of the fuel cell is divided into one first, not the afterburner but recycled as part of a reformer partial flow and into a second partial flow, which is divided into a plurality of individual streams via the perforated plate structure in the Ausbrandraum the afterburner, wherein in this gas distributor and an air flow is divided into a plurality of individual streams, then to get over the perforated plate structure as an oxidant in the Ausbrandraum the afterburner. System nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der dem Nachbrenner (6) als Oxidationsmittel zugeführte Luftstrom (7) mit veränderbarem Mischungsverhältnis aus dem Rest-Luftstrom (3) der Brennstoffzelle (1) und einem Frischluftstrom (11) zusammensetzbar ist.System according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the afterburner (6) supplied as oxidizing agent air flow (7) with variable mixing ratio of the residual air flow (3) of the fuel cell (1) and a fresh air stream (11) is composable. System nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Ausbrandraum (6b) des Nachbrenners (6) ein Zündelement vorgesehen ist.System according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that in the Ausbrandraum (6b) of the afterburner (6) an ignition element is provided. System nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Abgas (8) des Nachbrenners (6) ein Frischluftstrom zuführbar ist.System according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the exhaust gas (8) of the afterburner (6), a fresh air flow can be supplied. System nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmetauscher (9, 10) und der Nachbrenner (6) sowie die zugehörigen Zu- und Abfuhrkanäle für Gasströme in einer gemeinsamen Struktur oder Einheit (22, 23) gehalten sind und diese direkt an eine Einheit (21) der Brennstoffzelle (1) angekoppelt ist.System according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the heat exchangers (9, 10) and the afterburner (6) and the associated supply and discharge channels for gas streams in a common structure or unit (22, 23) are held and this directly to a unit (21) of the fuel cell (1) is coupled.
EP05013766A 2004-07-09 2005-06-25 System consisting of fuel cell, afterburner and heat exchanger Not-in-force EP1619737B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004033545A DE102004033545B4 (en) 2004-07-09 2004-07-09 burner
DE102004055424A DE102004055424A1 (en) 2004-11-17 2004-11-17 Fuel cell system, e.g. for providing supplementary power in motor vehicle, has units containing fuel cell, surface-type exhaust gas afterburner and heat exchanger, stacked one above the other

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1619737A1 true EP1619737A1 (en) 2006-01-25
EP1619737B1 EP1619737B1 (en) 2008-06-11

Family

ID=35355103

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05013766A Not-in-force EP1619737B1 (en) 2004-07-09 2005-06-25 System consisting of fuel cell, afterburner and heat exchanger

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1619737B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE398340T1 (en)
DE (1) DE502005004377D1 (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007082522A1 (en) * 2006-01-20 2007-07-26 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Method and system for operating a high-temperature fuel cell
EP1860378A2 (en) * 2006-05-23 2007-11-28 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Burner and associated fuel cell system
DE102008063540A1 (en) * 2008-12-10 2010-06-17 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Modular fuel cell system
CN102985270A (en) * 2010-07-02 2013-03-20 铃木株式会社 Fuel cell vehicle heating device
WO2014117951A1 (en) * 2013-02-04 2014-08-07 Avl List Gmbh Energy generation unit comprising a high-temperature fuel cell stack
WO2014139823A1 (en) * 2013-03-11 2014-09-18 Topsøe Fuel Cell A/S Sofc stack with integrated heater
WO2017116179A1 (en) * 2015-12-29 2017-07-06 한양대학교 산학협력단 Gas heating unit for fuel cell and fuel cell stack comprising same
EP3282511A1 (en) * 2016-08-10 2018-02-14 Vaillant GmbH Solid oxide fuel cell (sofc) cell stack

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030162075A1 (en) * 2002-02-28 2003-08-28 Brian Gorbell Fuel cell manifold base
US20040081874A1 (en) * 2001-05-04 2004-04-29 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft System comprising a fuel cell and a heat exchanger
WO2004082057A1 (en) * 2003-03-12 2004-09-23 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Modularly built high-temperature fuel cell system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040081874A1 (en) * 2001-05-04 2004-04-29 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft System comprising a fuel cell and a heat exchanger
US20030162075A1 (en) * 2002-02-28 2003-08-28 Brian Gorbell Fuel cell manifold base
WO2004082057A1 (en) * 2003-03-12 2004-09-23 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Modularly built high-temperature fuel cell system
DE10310642A1 (en) * 2003-03-12 2004-09-23 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH High temperature fuel cell system in modular structure with planar cell stack and at least one component, e.g. after burner, reformer and heat exchanger, which is fitted directly on side of cell stack

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007082522A1 (en) * 2006-01-20 2007-07-26 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Method and system for operating a high-temperature fuel cell
EP1860378A2 (en) * 2006-05-23 2007-11-28 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Burner and associated fuel cell system
EP1860378A3 (en) * 2006-05-23 2008-07-02 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Burner and associated fuel cell system
US8715877B2 (en) 2006-05-23 2014-05-06 J. Eberspaecher Gmbh & Co. Kg Burner and fuel cell system equipped therewith
DE102008063540A1 (en) * 2008-12-10 2010-06-17 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Modular fuel cell system
US8637203B2 (en) 2008-12-10 2014-01-28 Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Modular fuel cell system with burner-heat exchanger module
DE102008063540B4 (en) 2008-12-10 2024-02-22 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG Modular fuel cell system
CN102985270B (en) * 2010-07-02 2015-09-02 铃木株式会社 The heating device of fuel-cell vehicle
CN102985270A (en) * 2010-07-02 2013-03-20 铃木株式会社 Fuel cell vehicle heating device
US9457640B2 (en) 2010-07-02 2016-10-04 Suzuki Motor Corporation Heating apparatus of fuel cell vehicle
AT513911A1 (en) * 2013-02-04 2014-08-15 Avl List Gmbh Power generation unit with a high-temperature fuel cell stack
AT513911B1 (en) * 2013-02-04 2016-08-15 Avl List Gmbh Power generation unit with a high-temperature fuel cell stack
WO2014117951A1 (en) * 2013-02-04 2014-08-07 Avl List Gmbh Energy generation unit comprising a high-temperature fuel cell stack
WO2014139822A1 (en) * 2013-03-11 2014-09-18 Haldor Topsøe A/S Soec stack with integrated heater
WO2014139823A1 (en) * 2013-03-11 2014-09-18 Topsøe Fuel Cell A/S Sofc stack with integrated heater
WO2017116179A1 (en) * 2015-12-29 2017-07-06 한양대학교 산학협력단 Gas heating unit for fuel cell and fuel cell stack comprising same
EP3282511A1 (en) * 2016-08-10 2018-02-14 Vaillant GmbH Solid oxide fuel cell (sofc) cell stack

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1619737B1 (en) 2008-06-11
ATE398340T1 (en) 2008-07-15
DE502005004377D1 (en) 2008-07-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1619737B1 (en) System consisting of fuel cell, afterburner and heat exchanger
EP1465274B1 (en) Fuel cell system and a burner arrangement for a fuel cell system
EP1602141B1 (en) Modularly built high-temperature fuel cell system
DE60308787T2 (en) Device for controlling the combustion temperature of a fuel cell exhaust gas of a solid electrolyte cell
EP1614964B1 (en) Burner
AT502131B1 (en) Energy generation unit for use as power train support unit in automotive vehicle, has flame burner with combustion chamber connected to outgoing line at cathode side of high-temperature fuel cell
DE102007006578B4 (en) Separator plate for a molten carbonate fuel cell
DE60302618T2 (en) A solid oxide fuel cell having a heat exchanger for controlling the temperature of the cathode air supply
DE102006020145A1 (en) Fuel cell system with integrated fuel humidifier unit
DE102016203792B4 (en) fuel cell module
EP2153485B1 (en) Fuel cell system operated with liquid gas
EP0551054B1 (en) Centrally symmetric fuel cell battery
DE102007018264A1 (en) Solid oxide fuel cell type high temperature fuel cell system, has air pre-heater, exhaust-gas heat exchanger and reformer obtaining heat transfer, where components are integrated into exhaust gas channel of heating and afterburners
DE10393240T5 (en) Autothermal reformer with multiple passages
AT520719B1 (en) Reversible operable energy converter and method of operating the same
AT518012B1 (en) Apparatus and method for operating a fuel cell system
EP1693916B1 (en) Fuel cell preheater
DE102004055424A1 (en) Fuel cell system, e.g. for providing supplementary power in motor vehicle, has units containing fuel cell, surface-type exhaust gas afterburner and heat exchanger, stacked one above the other
DE112021000277T5 (en) Fuel cell power generation system
DE102008009063A1 (en) Fuel cell system for use in motor vehicle i.e. commercial vehicle, has gas burner for burning hydrogenous anode exhaust gas, and oxidation catalyst provided with mixer structure for mixing gas flowing through oxidation catalyst
DE102019206701A1 (en) Fuel cell device and method for operating such a fuel cell device
DE102021126708B3 (en) Method of starting a solid oxide fuel cell device and fuel cell vehicle
EP2837054B1 (en) Fuel cell device and operating method
WO1997042675A1 (en) Device for generating heat and for electrochemical current generation
DE102021106965A1 (en) A method of starting a solid oxide fuel cell device, a burner for a solid oxide fuel cell device, a solid oxide fuel cell device, and a fuel cell vehicle

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA HR LV MK YU

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20060701

AKX Designation fees paid

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20071019

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

RTI1 Title (correction)

Free format text: SYSTEM CONSISTING OF FUEL CELL, AFTERBURNER AND HEAT EXCHANGER

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 502005004377

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20080724

Kind code of ref document: P

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080611

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080611

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080611

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080611

NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act
ET Fr: translation filed
BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: BAYERISCHE MOTOREN WERKE A.G.

Effective date: 20080630

Owner name: BEHR G.M.B.H. & CO. KG

Effective date: 20080630

Owner name: J. EBERSPACHER G.M.B.H. & CO. KG

Effective date: 20080630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080922

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080911

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081111

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080630

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080611

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080611

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081011

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FD4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080611

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080611

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080630

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080911

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080611

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080611

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080611

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20090312

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080625

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 732E

Free format text: REGISTERED BETWEEN 20100311 AND 20100317

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090630

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080625

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080611

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081212

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080611

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: TQ

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080912

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20120626

Year of fee payment: 8

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20130625

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: TQ

Owner name: BAYERISCHE MOTOREN WERKE, DE

Effective date: 20150908

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: TQ

Owner name: BAYERISCHE MOTOREN WERKE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, DE

Effective date: 20150908

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 12

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 13

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20180626

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20180625

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20180626

Year of fee payment: 14

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 502005004377

Country of ref document: DE

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20190625

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200101

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190625

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190630