EP1606488A1 - Element coupant secondaire pour trepan de forage - Google Patents

Element coupant secondaire pour trepan de forage

Info

Publication number
EP1606488A1
EP1606488A1 EP04713952A EP04713952A EP1606488A1 EP 1606488 A1 EP1606488 A1 EP 1606488A1 EP 04713952 A EP04713952 A EP 04713952A EP 04713952 A EP04713952 A EP 04713952A EP 1606488 A1 EP1606488 A1 EP 1606488A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bit
cutter
cutters
substrate
superabrasive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04713952A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roy Derrick Achilles
Klaus Tank
Imraan Parker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Element Six Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Element Six Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Element Six Pty Ltd filed Critical Element Six Pty Ltd
Publication of EP1606488A1 publication Critical patent/EP1606488A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • E21B10/54—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • E21B10/56—Button-type inserts
    • E21B10/567—Button-type inserts with preformed cutting elements mounted on a distinct support, e.g. polycrystalline inserts
    • E21B10/573—Button-type inserts with preformed cutting elements mounted on a distinct support, e.g. polycrystalline inserts characterised by support details, e.g. the substrate construction or the interface between the substrate and the cutting element
    • E21B10/5735—Interface between the substrate and the cutting element

Definitions

  • THIS invention relates to a drill bit for use in drilling or boring into subterranean rock formations, and to a tool component therefor.
  • Rotary drag bits or fixed cutter bits are well known drill bits extensively used in subterranean rock drilling and boring operations. They typically consist of a bit body including a first end for connecting the body to a drill string and a second working end having a number of blades extending radially from the bit body, each blade carrying a cutting assembly for boring through the rock formation.
  • the cutting assemblies each include a number of primary polycrystalline diamond compacts or cutting elements which provide for boring or drilling into the subterranean rock formation upon rotation of the drill bit.
  • the drill bits also include so-called secondary cutters which are generally located behind the primary fixed cutters in critical wear areas on the drill bit wing location. They perform two basic functions. They protect the bit by providing a bearing surface in the event of the loss of a primary cutter, thus minimising the load transfer to following cutters and hence preventing a domino effect of cutter fracture or ring out.
  • the secondary cutters also act as cutting elements in the event of the loss of a primary cutter. In view of these two basic functions, the secondary cutters are required to provide for high bearing forces and resistance to thermal induced cracking as well as resistance to high shear forces when acting as a cutting element. As a result of these non-complementary functions, conventional secondary cutters tend to be compromised in either one or both of these requirements.
  • a rotary drag bit comprises:
  • each blade including a cutting assembly
  • each cutting assembly having a plurality of primary cutters orientated in the direction of rotation of the drill bit for drilling or boring into a subterranean rock formation, and a plurality of secondary cutters located behind the primary cutters in relation to the direction of rotation of the drag bit;
  • one or more of the secondary cutters comprising a layer of superabrasive material bonded to a support substrate:
  • the superabrasive layer having a major bearing surface on one side thereof and a major interface with the substrate on an opposite side thereof,
  • the interface defining a stepped region in the peripheral zone of the cutter providing the cutter with a skirt or hoop of superabrasive extending into the substrate
  • the or each secondary cutter being orientated in use to present the bearing surface to the rock formation and the secondary cutting edge in the direction of rotation of the rotary bit.
  • the interface preferably has a central table or surface which is profiled.
  • the profile of the table or surface is preferably a series of concentric rings, a plurality of dimples, or a cross-hatch structure.
  • the periphery and base of the table are generally rounded such that the interface in the region of the hoop or skirt is one which generally has no discontinuities.
  • the superabrasive material may be PCD, PCBN or CVD diamond.
  • the superabrasive material is PCD, it preferably comprises at least 25 percent by mass of ultra-hard abrasive particles having an average particle size in the range 10 to 100 microns and consisting of particles having at least three different average particle sizes and at least 4 percent by mass ultra-hard abrasive particles having an average particle size of less than 10 microns.
  • the invention extends to a tool component as defined above for use as a secondary cutter in a drill bit.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a drill bit of the invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross sectional side view of a tool component of the invention for use in the drill bit of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3a is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a substrate forming part of the tool component of Figure 2;
  • Figure 3b is a cross sectional side view of the substrate of Figure 3a;
  • Figure 4a is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a substrate forming part of the tool component of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4b is a cross sectional side view of the substrate of Figure 4a;
  • Figure 5a is a perspective view of a third embodiment of a substrate forming part of the tool component of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5b is a cross sectional side view of the substrate of Figure 5a.
  • a rotary drag bit or fixed bit cutter 10 consists of a bit body 12 having a working end 14 including a number of blades 16 extending radially from the central portion 18.
  • Each blade 16 carries a row of primary cutters 20 orientated in the direction of rotation of the drill bit for drilling or boring into a subterranean rock formation.
  • Each blade 16 also includes a row of secondary cutters 22 which are orientated generally normal to the axis of rotation of the drill bit.
  • a secondary cutter 22 of the invention consists of a layer of superabrasive material 32 bonded to a support substrate 34.
  • the superabrasive layer 32 which in this case is formed of polycrystalline diamond, has a first or upper bearing surface 36 and a second or lower interface surface 38.
  • the upper surface 36 includes a peripheral edge 40 which provides a secondary cutting edge for the bit in use.
  • the lower surface 38 is bonded to the support surface 42 of the substrate 34 to form an interfacial region 46.
  • the superabrasive layer 32 includes a recess 48 for receiving a complementary projection or central table 50 extending from the substrate 34.
  • a hoop or skirt of polycrystalline diamond 52 surrounds the table 50.
  • the periphery 54 and base 56 of the table are rounded.
  • the interface in the region of the hoop or skirt 52 has no discontinuities.
  • the support substrate material will typically be of a cemented carbide, in particular tungsten carbide.
  • the secondary cutter 22 is designed to prevent failures due to high shear forces. This is achieved by reducing the tensile axial residual stress that occurs at the periphery of the cutter close to the PCD / substrate interfacial region 46. As a result of the continuous uninterrupted hoop or skirt 52, the axial stresses are also minimised over the entire periphery of the superabrasive layer 32. Further, as a result of the recessed PCD layer, the surface area of the support surface 42 is increased, providing for greater load bearing capabilities in use.
  • a common problem associated with primary cutters of the type having a PCD layer bonded to a substrate is that they are prone to interfacial failures, and much focus has been placed upon designing primary cutters to reduce these interfacial failures.
  • the secondary cutters of the invention are forced into a cutting role, typically as a result of the failure of a primary cutter, these interfacial failures are also of concern.
  • the preferred brute cutter of the invention provides for a so-called textured or profiled interface between the substrate and the PCD layer.
  • a substrate 60 has an upper surface 62 which is checkered or cross hatched. As a result of this profiling or texturing of the surface 62, a greater surface area is provided than would be the case for a planar surface.
  • the lower surface of the superabrasive layer (not shown) forms a complementary interface surface. This arrangement provides a mechanical interlocking between the superabrasive layer and the substrate.
  • the substrate 70 in this case includes an upper surface 72 having a plurality of concentrically grooved rings 74.
  • the substrate 80 in this embodiment has an upper surface 82 including a number of dimples 84 in a square raster formation.
  • a further concern in relation to a secondary cutter of the invention relates to the rate of recession of the bearing surface relative to the wear of the primary cutter.
  • the bearing surface must wear at the same rate or slightly faster than the primary cutter in order not to inhibit the primary cutter function. Balancing the rate of recession of the bearing surface with the peak wear of the primary cutter can be achieved in two ways. This can be achieved by balancing the wear resistance of the PCD layer or by balancing the area of the bearing surface.
  • a secondary cutter with a Quadmodal superabrasive layer is preferred, particularly where the primary cutter is a cutter with a multimodal (with an average particle size of about 10 ⁇ m) / Quadmodal (multimodal material with an average particle size of about 25 ⁇ m) layer, or other multi-layer, multimodal configuration.
  • Quadmodal superabrasives are disclosed in SA 94/3645, which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • a quadmodal abrasive comprises at least 25 percent by mass of ultra-hard abrasive particles having an average particle size in the range 10 to 100 microns and consisting of particles having at least three different average particle sizes and at least 4 percent by mass ultra-hard abrasive particles having an average particle size of less than 10 microns.
  • Using a Quadmodal layer for the secondary cutter is also advantageous due to the proven record thereof in terms of impact resistance. However, if such a layer is still too wear resistant, a courser multimodal material could be used, for example a multimodal material having an average particle size of about 35 ⁇ m to about 40 ⁇ m.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

Trépan rotatif à lames comportant un corps de trépan et plusieurs lames s'étendant radialement à partir du corps de trépan, chaque lame étant munie d'un ensemble de coupe. Chaque ensemble de coupe possède plusieurs outils primaires orientés dans le sens de rotation du trépan afin de forer ou de percer une formation rocheuse souterraine, et plusieurs outils secondaires ou bruts situés derrière les outils primaires dans le sens de rotation du trépan à lames. L'invention concerne principalement les outils secondaires, qui comportent une couche de matière fortement abrasive du type PCD, PCBN ou diamant CVD liée à un substrat. L'interface entre la couche de matière fortement abrasive et le substrat comprend une zone à épaulement conférant à l'outil de coupe une jupe ou frette de matière fortement abrasive s'étendant jusque dans la du substrat. L'outil secondaire est orienté, en position active, de telle manière qu'il présente une face d'appui venant au contact de la formation rocheuse, et une arête coupante secondaire dans le sens de rotation du trépan rotatif.
EP04713952A 2003-02-26 2004-02-24 Element coupant secondaire pour trepan de forage Withdrawn EP1606488A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA200301571 2003-02-26
ZA200301571 2003-02-26
PCT/IB2004/000472 WO2004076800A1 (fr) 2003-02-26 2004-02-24 Elément coupant secondaire pour trépan de forage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1606488A1 true EP1606488A1 (fr) 2005-12-21

Family

ID=32928214

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04713952A Withdrawn EP1606488A1 (fr) 2003-02-26 2004-02-24 Element coupant secondaire pour trepan de forage

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20070017710A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1606488A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2004215118A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2517066A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004076800A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200506823B (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6460631B2 (en) * 1999-08-26 2002-10-08 Baker Hughes Incorporated Drill bits with reduced exposure of cutters
US7395882B2 (en) 2004-02-19 2008-07-08 Baker Hughes Incorporated Casing and liner drilling bits
US7624818B2 (en) * 2004-02-19 2009-12-01 Baker Hughes Incorporated Earth boring drill bits with casing component drill out capability and methods of use
US7954570B2 (en) 2004-02-19 2011-06-07 Baker Hughes Incorporated Cutting elements configured for casing component drillout and earth boring drill bits including same
US7270199B2 (en) * 2005-09-19 2007-09-18 Hall David R Cutting element with a non-shear stress relieving substrate interface
US8141665B2 (en) * 2005-12-14 2012-03-27 Baker Hughes Incorporated Drill bits with bearing elements for reducing exposure of cutters
US7621351B2 (en) 2006-05-15 2009-11-24 Baker Hughes Incorporated Reaming tool suitable for running on casing or liner
US8206474B2 (en) 2006-07-31 2012-06-26 Klaus Tank Abrasive compacts
US8210288B2 (en) * 2007-01-31 2012-07-03 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Rotary drill bits with protected cutting elements and methods
US7814997B2 (en) 2007-06-14 2010-10-19 Baker Hughes Incorporated Interchangeable bearing blocks for drill bits, and drill bits including same
US7954571B2 (en) 2007-10-02 2011-06-07 Baker Hughes Incorporated Cutting structures for casing component drillout and earth-boring drill bits including same
US8245797B2 (en) 2007-10-02 2012-08-21 Baker Hughes Incorporated Cutting structures for casing component drillout and earth-boring drill bits including same
US20100163310A1 (en) * 2008-12-31 2010-07-01 Baker Hughes Incorporated Method of manufacturing and repairing fixed-cutter drag-type rotary tools with cutting control structures
US9309723B2 (en) 2009-10-05 2016-04-12 Baker Hughes Incorporated Drill bits and tools for subterranean drilling, methods of manufacturing such drill bits and tools and methods of directional and off center drilling
GB201309798D0 (en) * 2013-05-31 2013-07-17 Element Six Abrasives Sa Superhard constructions & methods of making same
CN103334700A (zh) * 2013-07-30 2013-10-02 南通奥里斯特机械有限公司 石油钻井用三刮刀钻头
US10017390B2 (en) * 2015-03-30 2018-07-10 Diamond Innovations, Inc. Polycrystalline diamond bodies incorporating fractionated distribution of diamond particles of different morphologies
WO2017116660A1 (fr) * 2015-12-28 2017-07-06 Smith International, Inc. Structures de diamant polycristallin avec élément protecteur
CN113153164B (zh) * 2021-04-20 2024-02-23 金沙县仁德钻探工具有限公司 一种四翼平顶八齿钻头

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IE61697B1 (en) * 1987-12-22 1994-11-16 De Beers Ind Diamond Abrasive product
US5355969A (en) * 1993-03-22 1994-10-18 U.S. Synthetic Corporation Composite polycrystalline cutting element with improved fracture and delamination resistance
ZA943645B (en) * 1993-05-27 1995-01-27 De Beers Ind Diamond A method of making an abrasive compact
GB9412247D0 (en) * 1994-06-18 1994-08-10 Camco Drilling Group Ltd Improvements in or relating to elements faced with superhard material
US5564511A (en) * 1995-05-15 1996-10-15 Frushour; Robert H. Composite polycrystalline compact with improved fracture and delamination resistance
US5711702A (en) * 1996-08-27 1998-01-27 Tempo Technology Corporation Curve cutter with non-planar interface
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA200506823B (en) 2006-11-29
AU2004215118A1 (en) 2004-09-10
US20070017710A1 (en) 2007-01-25
CA2517066A1 (fr) 2004-09-10
WO2004076800A1 (fr) 2004-09-10

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