EP1586723A2 - PDA based interface for rotary trowel - Google Patents
PDA based interface for rotary trowel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1586723A2 EP1586723A2 EP05007740A EP05007740A EP1586723A2 EP 1586723 A2 EP1586723 A2 EP 1586723A2 EP 05007740 A EP05007740 A EP 05007740A EP 05007740 A EP05007740 A EP 05007740A EP 1586723 A2 EP1586723 A2 EP 1586723A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- trowel
- electronic
- user interface
- actuator
- interface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F21/00—Implements for finishing work on buildings
- E04F21/20—Implements for finishing work on buildings for laying flooring
- E04F21/24—Implements for finishing work on buildings for laying flooring of masses made in situ, e.g. smoothing tools
- E04F21/245—Rotary power trowels, i.e. helicopter trowels
- E04F21/247—Rotary power trowels, i.e. helicopter trowels used by an operator sitting on the trowel, i.e. ride-on power trowels
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F21/00—Implements for finishing work on buildings
- E04F21/20—Implements for finishing work on buildings for laying flooring
- E04F21/24—Implements for finishing work on buildings for laying flooring of masses made in situ, e.g. smoothing tools
- E04F21/245—Rotary power trowels, i.e. helicopter trowels
- E04F21/248—Rotary power trowels, i.e. helicopter trowels used by an operator walking behind the trowel, i.e. walk-behind power trowels
Definitions
- the invention relates to rotary trowels and, more particularly, to an electronically steered rotary trowel employing a user-friendly PDA interface to set, calibrate, and/or monitor a power steering system for the trowel.
- Powered rotary trowels are widely used for finishing freshly poured concrete. These machines range from simple hand trowels, to walk-behind finishing trowels, to self-propelled finishing trowels including some larger walk-behind machines as well as relatively large two-rotor or even three-rotor machines. Self-propelled finishing trowels, and particularly riding finishing trowels, can finish large sections of concrete more rapidly and efficiently than manually pushed finishing trowels.
- the invention is directed to self-propelled finishing trowels and is described primarily in conjunction with riding finishing trowels by way of explanation, it being understood that the invention is applicable to other finishing trowels as well.
- Riding concrete finishing trowels typically include a mobile frame including a deck. At least two, and sometimes three or more, rotor assemblies are mounted on an underside of the deck. Each rotor assembly includes a driven shaft extending downwardly from the deck and a plurality of trowel blades mounted on and extending radially outwardly from the bottom end of the driven shaft and supported on the surface to be finished.
- the driven shafts of the rotor assemblies are driven by one or more self-contained engines mounted on the frame and typically linked to the driven shafts by gearboxes of the respective rotor assemblies. The weight of the finishing trowel and the operator is transmitted frictionally to the concrete by the rotating blades, thereby smoothing the concrete surface.
- the most common steering assemblies are mechanically operated. These assemblies typically include two steering control levers mounted adjacent the operator's seat and accessible by the operator's left and right hands, respectively. Each lever is mechanically coupled, via a suitable mechanical linkage assembly, to a pivoting gearbox of an associated rotor assembly. The operator steers the vehicle by tilting the levers fore-and-aft and side-to-side to tilt the gearboxes side-to-side and fore-and-aft, respectively.
- Wacker Corporation has developed an electronically steered trowel that employs electronic actuators such as ball screw actuators to tilt the gearbox assemblies.
- the actuators are controlled indirectly by way of a controller such as one or more electronic joysticks and, when energized, tilt the rotor assemblies to effect the desired steering operation.
- two actuators and a biaxially pivoting steering linkage are supplied for one of the rotor assemblies to effect both left/right and forward/reverse steering control, whereas only a single actuator and its associated uniaxially pivoting steering linkage are provided for the other rotor assembly so as to effect only forward/reverse steering control.
- the joysticks are coupled to the actuators via a controller such as a CPU that generates steering command signals in response to joystick movement and transmits the steering command signals to the actuators under feedback to energize the actuators proportionally to the direction and extent of joystick movement.
- a controller such as a CPU that generates steering command signals in response to joystick movement and transmits the steering command signals to the actuators under feedback to energize the actuators proportionally to the direction and extent of joystick movement.
- the response characteristics of the actuators are set by programming the CPU. These characteristics are preset at the factory, but it is desirable to permit them to be modified, at least within limits, to accommodate user preference and/or changes in concrete conditions or weather conditions. It is also necessary to diagnose faults in the system when they occur. Calibrating and/or setting the controls for these trowels previously required intricate knowledge of electronic controls and of how to calibrate those controls. In addition, diagnosing faults required the use of relatively sophisticated detection equipment by highly trained personnel. As a result, control calibration, adjustment, and/or fault detection functions had to be performed by very well trained personnel and were difficult, if not impossible, to be performed in the field.
- a personal data assistant (PDA) based interface system for calibrating, setting, adjusting, monitoring, and/or diagnosing faults in a power steering system for a powered rotary trowel.
- the PDA or other electronic user interface is configured to permit the user to navigate through a number of screens permitting rapid and user friendly access to the various functions by relatively untrained personnel.
- the electronic user interface is also configured to enable the system's CPU to interface with a remote computer to permit the installation of new or upgraded software in the CPU. Some functions preferably are bifurcated so as to provide broad access to skilled maintenance personnel, while providing more limited access to the users.
- the trowel may be either a riding trowel or a walk behind trowel.
- Steering commands may be generated by joysticks, levers, switches, and/or any other suitable manually manipulated controllers.
- an electronically steered riding trowel 20 incorporating a PDA based interface constructed in accordance with the present invention includes as its major components a rigid metallic frame 22, an upper deck 24 mounted on the frame 22, an operator's platform or pedestal 26 provided on the deck 24, and right and left rotor assemblies 28 and 30, respectively, extending downwardly from the deck 24 and supporting the finishing machine 20 on the surface to be finished.
- the right and left rotor assemblies 30, 28 are driven by respective gearboxes 32, 34 (FIG. 2) coupled to an engine (not shown).
- the right and left rotor assemblies 30 and 28 rotate towards the operator, or counterclockwise and clockwise, respectively, to perform a finishing operation.
- the trowel is steered by a steering system 76 that tilts the gearboxes of the left and right rotor assemblies 28 and 30 using right and left steering assemblies 80 and 82 controlled by a controller 85.
- the right steering assembly 80 includes both a forward/reverse actuator 84 and a left/right actuator 86 which tilt the associated gearbox 32 side-to-side and fore-and-aft, respectively.
- the left steering assembly 82 includes only a forward/reverse actuator 90 that tilts the associated gearbox 34 side-to-side.
- the actuators 84, 86 and 90 may be of the type that have internal feedback potentiometers which compare the actual position of the actuator's output with the commanded position transmitted by the controller 85.
- Suitable actuators comprise ball-screw actuators available, e.g., from Warner Electric of South Beloit, I11. In the preferred embodiment, actuators lacking linear potentiometers are employed and are coupled to load cell strain gauges ("load pins") that provide the desired feedback to the controller 85 by monitoring the loads imposed on the pins on which the actuators are mounted. Suitable actuators are available, for example, from Motion Systems.
- the controller 85 preferably is coupled to the actuators 84, 86, and 90 so that manipulation of the controller 85 in a particular direction steers the machine 20 to move in that same direction, preferably at a speed that is proportional to the magnitude of controller movement.
- one preferred controller 85 for generating steering command signals and transmitting the steering command signals to the actuators 84; 86, and 90 takes the form of two joysticks 85L and 85R electronically coupled to the actuators via a programmed electronic controller such as a central processing unit (CPU) 180.
- CPU central processing unit
- the feedback capability provided by the actuators 84, 86, and 90 or by the strain gauges or the like permits the actuators to interface with the CPU 180 to correlate actuator motion with joystick motion.
- the appropriate actuator 84, 86, or 90 moves in the direction commanded by the joysticks 85L and 85R through a stroke that is proportional to the magnitude of joystick movement.
- the machine 20 therefore moves in the direction of joystick movement at a speed that is proportional to the magnitude of joystick movement.
- the joysticks 85L and 85R are pivoted forwardly about their fore-and-aft axes, and the CPU 180 controls both forward/reverse actuators 84 and 90 to extend or retract their output rods through a stroke that is proportional to the degree of joystick movement, hence driving the gearboxes 32 and 34 to pivot laterally toward or away from each other by an amount that causes the machine 20 to move straight forward or rearward at a speed that is proportional to the magnitude of joystick movement.
- movement of the joystick 85R from side-to-side about its second axis generates a steering command signal that is processed by the CPU 180, in conjunction with the feedback potentiometers on the left/right actuator 86 so as to tilt the associated gearbox 32 forwardly or rearwardly by an amount that is proportional to the magnitude of joystick movement and that results in finishing machine movement to the right or left at a speed that is proportional to the magnitude of joystick movement.
- the joysticks 85L and 85R are released and, accordingly, returned to their centered or neutral positions under internal biasing springs (not shown), each of the actuators 84, 86, and 90 also returns to its centered or neutral position.
- an electronic user interface 100 can be selectively coupled to the CPU 180, either wirelessly or via data ports 102 and 104 and a cable 106, to provide an operator interface with the internal electronics of the CPU 180 for the purposes of calibrating, setting, monitoring, and/or diagnosing faults in the electronic steering system 76.
- the electronic user interface of this embodiment is a PDA 100.
- PDAs of the illustrated type are well-known, having a touch screen 108 activated using a stylus (not shown). PDA's of this type are widely available, e.g., under the brand name Palm Pilot®. It should be emphasized, however, that other types of electronic user interfaces could be employed, so long as they permit the transfer of information to and from the CPU 180 in a user-friendly fashion.
- the PDA 100 can also be coupled to a computer such as a personal computer (PC) 110, typically in the form of a laptop, to permit programs in the CPU 180 to be loaded or updated via the PC 110.
- a computer such as a personal computer (PC) 110, typically in the form of a laptop, to permit programs in the CPU 180 to be loaded or updated via the PC 110.
- the connection may either be wireless or via cable and data ports.
- Those programs may be pre-loaded in the PC 110 or downloaded remotely from a vendor server 112 or similar device, preferably using the internet 114.
- the PDA 100 of this embodiment displays a series of screens through which a user can navigate to perform the above-described calibrating, setting, monitoring, and diagnostic functions and possibly other functions as well.
- FIG. 3 displays all available screens in their actual form and uses arrows to designate the manner in which a user can navigate from screen to screen, starting with a main menu screen FA1, which itself can be accessed by touching an icon on the PDA's main menu screen (not shown).
- the main screen FA1 presents a menu that prompts the user to select a desired one of FILE TRANSFER, HANDLING, ERROR CODES, ADVANCED, DIAGNOSTIC, and SUPPORT INFO commands.
- screen FA1 and several other screens include a CHECK PALM LINK display that flashes if the PDA 100 is not properly connected to its data port. Selecting any command other than the ADVANCED command directs the user to a screen for performing functions or accessing information relating to that command on an unrestricted basis. The information accessed and functions performed upon executing each of these commands will now be described in turn, with some of the automatic displays and more self-explanatory functions being omitted for the sake of conciseness.
- Executing the FILE TRANSFER command on the main menu screen FA1 causes the PDA 100 to display a pop up reminder in screen FA2 (shown in greater detail in FIGS. 4B) to prepare the trowel for file download before beginning the file transfer process.
- the PDA 100 displays a screen FA3 that allows the user to transfer a program from another computer to the electronic controller 85.
- the user upon executing a GET PROGRAM FROM PC command in screen FA3, the user is prompted for a filename in screen FA4.
- the user is given the option, through navigating to screen FA5, to either rename the file or delete the file from a dropdown list.
- the user selects the SEND PROGRAM TO TROWEL command, where he or she is again prompted for a filename via screen FA9.
- the user then enters a filename and clicks OK to begin the file transfer process.
- the user is then prompted to power up the system in screen FA10 after a pop up display confirms the initiation of file transfer to the controller 85.
- the status of the file transfer process is displayed in screen FA11.
- the user is notified of file transfer completion in screen FA12, and returns to the main file transfer screen FA3 by selecting OK.
- the user can return to the main menu screen FA1 at any time from screen FA3 simply by executing the CANCEL command.
- the user executes the HANDLING command when he or she wants to adjust the response characteristics of the steering system as desired. For instance, a machine operator may want to modify how the machine steers to enable customization for the prevailing concrete conditions, weather conditions and/or operator preference. For instance, if the concrete is setting faster than usual on an unusually windy or sunny day, the operator may want the machine to steer and move more quickly than usual.
- screen FA13 advises the user that response times and maximum travel speeds are directly responsive to the commanded applied force; and screen FA14 advises the user that adjusting the minimum pulse width modulation (PWM) % setting adjusts the speed at which the actuator responds to input from the joystick and that adjusting the maximum PWM% setting adjusts the rate of acceleration to maximum travel speed.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- the user Upon being advised of the effects of possible adjustments, the user executes the OK command to proceed to screen FA15, where the user adjusts actuator output force, minimum PWM %, and maximum PWM % for each actuator 84, 86, and 90 as desired. Selecting a given parameter will cause a drop down box FA15' to be displayed to advise the user of the default settings for each parameter, the possible range of adjustment, and the available increments of adjustment. (It should be noted at this time that the possible range of adjustments is limited for those other than administrators in order to prevent a user from entering a setting that could lead to a response characteristic that could lead to loss of steering system control and/or an inability to steer the trowel. This limitation on unauthorized user adjustment is discussed in more detail below).
- the user can restore factory default settings simply by executing the RESTORE DEFAULTS command, in which case the execution of that command is confirmed by a pop :up display FA16. If the user decides that no adjustment is required, he or she simply executes the CANCEL command to return to the main menu screen FA1. After the user either commands the system to restore defaults or adjusts the settings as desired and executes a NEXT command, a screen FA17 is displayed that prompts the user to save the new settings to the controller 85 or cancel. In either event, control returns to the main menu FA1.
- the PDA 100 can also be used to assist the user in diagnosing faults.
- the machine 20 may have a number of fault indicating lights on the dashboard or another visually conspicuous location of the operator's platform.
- one green light and one red light are mounted on the dashboard of the machine 20. If all monitored systems are working properly, the green light is constantly illuminated and the red light is off.
- the monitored components include the left and right joysticks 85L and 85R, the actuators 84, 86, and 90, the strain gauge load pins, a temperature gauge, and low battery indicator. If something goes wrong, the red light starts to flash, but only for so long as the problem exists.
- the controller 85 in the form of error codes, and those codes can be accessed through the PDA 100 to learn the fault history of the machine 20.
- the above described pop up reminder screen of FA2 is displayed before providing access to diagnostic screens FA18 and FA19 in FIG. 4A and screen FA20 in FIG. 4F.
- These screens display the error codes of the monitored components of the steering system, including the joystick, load pins, a device driver current, battery voltage, and the controller temperature.
- a three digit code is displayed for any component for which there has been an error.
- the operator can execute the OK command to store the displayed error history in the controller 85 and clear the display. Storage is confirmed by a pop up display FA21 in FIG. 4F.
- the user accesses screen FA24, which provides information concerning the software running the programs, including the software version. It may also provide the user with online support information, such as a URL and/or a telephone number.
- an administrator accesses restricted capabilities by executing the ADVANCED function in screen FA1, whereupon the administrator will be required to enter a password in screen AA1. Upon successfully entering that password, the administrator will be directed to screen AA2, where the set response characteristics can be adjusted. These adjustments include the same force control, minimum PWM %, and maximum PWM % accessible by all users via screen FA15 in FIG. 4AE. However, a pop up screen (AA3 in FIG.
- the administrator can save these settings by executing the SAVE command in screen AA2, whereupon a pop up display AA4 advises him that the settings have been saved.
- the administrator may also restore defaults by executing the RESTORE DEFAULTS command, whereupon a pop up display (AA5 in FIG. 4G) advises the operators that the defaults have been reset.
- the administrator can then either choose to return to the main menu screen FA1 by executing the DONE command in screen AA2, or can calibrate the machine by executing the CALIBRATION command, whereupon the administrator is directed to screens AA6 and AA7 in FIG. 4AF, which provide instructions for calibrating the joysticks.
- the administrator then initiates calibration by executing the BEGIN command in screen AA7.
- the administrator is advised of the initiation and completion of the calibration process by pop up displays AA8 and AA9.
- the administrator can then return to the main menu screen by executing the CANCEL command.
- any user can return to the main PDA menu upon executing the EXIT command in FIG. 4A, whereupon a pop up display FA25 will advise the user that the display is returning to the main menu.
Abstract
Description
Claims (29)
- A powered rotary trowel comprising:A. at least one rotor assembly, andB. a power steering system including1. an actuator that is configured to tilt at least a portion of the rotor assembly to steer the trowel;2. a control system that is configured to supply power to the actuator, the control system includinga. a manually manipulated steering command signal generator,b. an electronic controller, andc. an electronic user interface that is configured to permit a user to communicate with the electronic controller to perform at least one of calibration, setting, monitoring, and diagnostic functions on the steering system with the assistance of information displayed by the electronic user interface.
- The trowel of claim 1, wherein the trowel is one of a walk behind trowel and a riding trowel.
- The trowel of claim 1, wherein the trowel is a riding trowel having a frame, an operator's platform supported on the frame, and first and second rotor assemblies supporting the frame on the ground and each including a gearbox and an actuator that is energizable to tilt the gearbox, one of the gearboxes being tiltable fore and aft side to side to steer the trowel left and right and forward and reverse, respectively, and the other gearbox being tiltable side to side to steer the trowel fore and aft.
- The trowel of claim 1, wherein the steering command signal generator comprises at least one of a joystick, a lever, and a switch.
- The trowel of claim 4, wherein the steering command signal generator includes first and second joysticks electronically coupled to the first and second actuators.
- The trowel of claim 5, wherein the first joystick is a dual axis joystick and the second joystick is a single axis joystick.
- The trowel of claim 3, further comprises a port located on or in the vicinity of the operator's platform via which the electronic interface can be electronically connected to the controller.
- The trowel of claim 1, wherein the actuator is an electronically powered actuator.
- The trowel of claim 1, wherein the user interface is a personal data assistant having a visual display.
- The trowel of claim 1, wherein the electronic interface is configured to transmit signals from a computer to the electronic controller.
- The trowel of claim 10, wherein the electronic interface is adapted to receive programs from the computer and to transmit the programs to the electronic controller.
- A powered rotary trowel comprising:A. at least one rotor assembly; andB. a power steering system including1. an actuator that is configured to tilt at least a portion of the rotor assembly to steer the trowel;2. a control system that is configured to supply power to the actuator, the control system includinga. a manually manipulated steering command signal generator,b. an electronic controller, andc. electronic interface means for permitting a user to communicate with the electronic controller to perform at least one of calibration, setting, monitoring, and diagnostic functions on the steering system with the assistance of information displayed by the electronic interface means.
- The trowel as recited in claim 12, wherein the electronic interface means is a personal data assistant.
- An electronic user interface which is configured to permit a user to communicate with an electronic controller for a gearbox of a rotary trowel steering system to perform at least one of calibration, setting, monitoring, and diagnostic functions on the steering system with the assistance of information displayed by the electronic user interface.
- The electronic user interface of claim 14, wherein the electronic user interface is a personal data assistant.
- The electronic user interface of claim 15, wherein the electronic user interface is adapted to be manipulated to transfer programs from a computer to the electronic controller.
- A method comprising transmitting information between an electronic user interface to an electronic controller to calibrate, set, monitor, and/or diagnose one or more characteristics of a power steering system of a rotary trowel using information displayed by the electronic user interface to assist the user in information transfer.
- The method of claim 17, further comprising manipulating a steering command signal generator to generate an electronic signal, an actuator being responsive to the electronic signal to steer the trowel.
- The method of claim 18, wherein the transmitting step comprises transmitting signals to the electronic controller to adjust a response characteristic of the actuator to a steering command signal.
- The method of claim 19, wherein the response chrematistics include at least one of the maximum actuator power output, the minimum rate of change of the actuator output motion, and the maximum rate of change of the actuator output motion.
- The method of claim 18, wherein the transmitting step comprises transmitting calibration commands to the electronic controller from the electronic user interface.
- The method of claim 21, wherein the calibration commands calibrate a steering command signal generator.
- The method of claim 18, wherein the transmitting step comprises transmitting diagnostic information from the controller to the electronic user interface.
- The method of claim 23, wherein the diagnostic information comprises information concerning a past but no longer presenting fault condition of an operative component of the steering system.
- The method of claim 17, further comprising permitting a first class of users to perform only a first set of interface functions with the electronic controller and permitting a second class of users to perform both the first and a second set of interface functions with the electronic controller.
- The trowel of claim 17, wherein the trowel is a riding trowel having a frame, an operator's platform supported on the frame, and first and second rotor assemblies supporting the frame on the ground and each including a gearbox and an actuator, and further comprising energizing the actuators in response to manipulation of the steering command generator to tilt the gearbox assemblies to steer the trowel.
- The method of claim 17, further comprising downloading a program into the electronic user interface from a computer and manipulating the electronic user interface to install the program in the electronic controller.
- The method of claim 27, further comprising downloading the program into the computer prior to downloading the program into the electronic user interface.
- The method of claim 28, wherein the step of downloading the program into the computer comprises transmitting the program via the Internet.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US939779 | 1997-09-29 | ||
US56283204P | 2004-04-16 | 2004-04-16 | |
US562832P | 2004-04-16 | ||
US93977904A | 2004-09-13 | 2004-09-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1586723A2 true EP1586723A2 (en) | 2005-10-19 |
Family
ID=34934908
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05007740A Withdrawn EP1586723A2 (en) | 2004-04-16 | 2005-04-08 | PDA based interface for rotary trowel |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1586723A2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2005307739A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1683728A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2005201343A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0501304A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2503578A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2236697A2 (en) | 2009-04-01 | 2010-10-06 | Wacker Neuson Corporation | A rotary trowel having a steering system with multiple preset steering modes |
WO2013074638A3 (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-07-18 | Multiquip, Inc. | Apower trowel with blade pitch control |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111315933A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2020-06-19 | 克拉克设备公司 | Control system for power machine |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6368016B1 (en) | 1999-07-13 | 2002-04-09 | Wacker Corporation | Concrete finishing trowel having an electronically actuated steering assembly |
-
2005
- 2005-03-29 AU AU2005201343A patent/AU2005201343A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-04-06 CA CA002503578A patent/CA2503578A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-04-08 EP EP05007740A patent/EP1586723A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-12 BR BR0501304-6A patent/BRPI0501304A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-04-13 JP JP2005115530A patent/JP2005307739A/en active Pending
- 2005-04-15 CN CNA2005100666371A patent/CN1683728A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6368016B1 (en) | 1999-07-13 | 2002-04-09 | Wacker Corporation | Concrete finishing trowel having an electronically actuated steering assembly |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2236697A2 (en) | 2009-04-01 | 2010-10-06 | Wacker Neuson Corporation | A rotary trowel having a steering system with multiple preset steering modes |
EP2236697A3 (en) * | 2009-04-01 | 2012-01-11 | Wacker Neuson Production Americas LLC | A rotary trowel having a steering system with multiple preset steering modes |
US8132984B2 (en) | 2009-04-01 | 2012-03-13 | Wacker Neuson Production Americas Llc | Multiple preset concrete trowel steering system |
AU2010200980B2 (en) * | 2009-04-01 | 2015-02-12 | Husqvarna Ab | Multiple preset concrete trowel steering system |
WO2013074638A3 (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-07-18 | Multiquip, Inc. | Apower trowel with blade pitch control |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2503578A1 (en) | 2005-10-16 |
AU2005201343A1 (en) | 2005-11-03 |
CN1683728A (en) | 2005-10-19 |
JP2005307739A (en) | 2005-11-04 |
BRPI0501304A (en) | 2005-12-06 |
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