EP1577624B1 - A heat pump - Google Patents
A heat pump Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1577624B1 EP1577624B1 EP05466002A EP05466002A EP1577624B1 EP 1577624 B1 EP1577624 B1 EP 1577624B1 EP 05466002 A EP05466002 A EP 05466002A EP 05466002 A EP05466002 A EP 05466002A EP 1577624 B1 EP1577624 B1 EP 1577624B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coolant
- piping
- air
- heat
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
- F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
- F25B41/24—Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
- F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
- F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2347/00—Details for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion
- F25B2347/02—Details of defrosting cycles
- F25B2347/021—Alternate defrosting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2511—Evaporator distribution valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2515—Flow valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
Definitions
- GB-A-2 167 543 discloses a heat pump according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a heat pump consists of a compressor 1 , whose suction is connected by a feed piping 2 with a coolant outlet 33 from a pair of heat exchangers 3 air/coolant. Coolant in the outlet 33 from the heat exchangers 3 air/coolant transmits the heat taken off the air.
- the compressor 1 compresses this coolant, by means of which the coolant temperature further increased, usually to values around 85° C. Coolant is from the compressor 1 led into a heat exchanger 4 coolant/water. Water heated in this way is further used for a heat consumer, for instance for a building heating etc.
Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to a heat pump consisting of a pair of air/coolant heat exchangers connected to a coolant feed piping into a compressor and further connected to a coolant return piping from a coolant/water heat exchanger.
- There are known heat pumps coupled with a low-temperature heat source. The low-temperature heat source is positioned outside of the building. The heat pump in a well-known manner heats coolant, which is through a circulating coolant piping led into a heat exchanger coolant/water inbuilt to the construction of the heat pump. This water is further used in a correspondent heat consumer, for instance in a building heating system for a building heating. A low-temperature heat source can e.g. be an earth heat (from an appropriate hole) water heat or air heat. Particularly in systems taking the heat off the air, which consist of a ventilator providing air circulating round pipes with coolant in the heat exchanger air/coolant, occurs however a frost formation on this part of pipes, or if you like on this exchanger, by means of which is decreased the heat take-off performance from the air and is decreased the heating capacity of the heat pump.
- For decreasing or removing this negative effect is known a number of defrosting systems. Nevertheless it is not basically possible to use mechanical methods because in most cases this is the question of a frost on relatively tender members of the appliances and there is a danger of damage during removing the frost mechanically. Thus there is used a way of progressive defrosting.
- There is known defrosting on a heat exchanger air/coolant using electric heating rods or cables built in the heat exchanger air/coolant, which is however demanding from the economical and operational point of view with regard to control of the entire defrosting process, i.e. turning on and off the entire process, when it is necessary to determine the right moment for starting and stopping the defrosting.
- There is further known melting the frost from the heat exchanger air/coolant in the way that temporarily is turned off the heating capacity delivery of the heat pump into the heat consumer, for instance into the building heating system and the heating capacity of the heat pump is led into the heat exchanger air/coolant, which progressively defrosts. Consequently is again turned on the heating capacity delivery of the heat pump into the heat consumer, for instance into the building heating system.
- There is also known use of an auxiliary heating circuit, in which is in the coolant return piping from the heat exchanger coolant/water (after coolant passes its heat to the heat consumer, for instance building heating) into the heat exchanger air/coolant formed an additional heat exchanger coolant/water because coolant has in the coolant return piping from the heat exchanger coolant/water into the heat exchanger air/coolant a residual temperature around 35°C to 40°C. Water heated in the additional heat exchanger coolant/water is by means of the auxiliary circular pump led through the auxiliary piping into the heat exchanger air/coolant, which is this way heated and defrosted.
- There is also known an application of a pair of heat exchangers air/coolant, where in case of frost creation is on one exchanger switched the heat pump operation to the second heat exchanger air/coolant and concurrently is shut down heat transfer from the heat pump to the heat consumer, for instance building heating system and the entire heat produced by the heat pump is used to heat the shut-down heat exchanger air/coolant. After defrosting this heat exchanger air/coolant is stopped heat delivery into the heat exchanger air/coolant that is being defrosted and there is turned on the heat delivery from the heat pump to the heat consumer. In the moment of frost creation on the currently used heat exchanger air/coolant is switched to previously defrosted heat exchanger air/coolant, the heat delivery from the heat pump into the heat consumer is shut down and the entire heating capacity of the heat pump is used to melting the frosted heat exchanger air/coolant. The entire cycle is repeated continuously.
- The common disadvantage of the last three mentioned solution is that for reaching the proper defrosting on the heat exchanger air/coolant is necessary to temporarily shut down the heat pump from the functioning into the heat consumer, for instance building heating system, by means of which occurs irregular heating capacity delivered to the heat consumer and thus for example occur temperature fluctuations inside the heated building or temperature fluctuations of sanitary water etc. and all that with all negative drawbacks. Another disadvantage of the background art are high demands on control of the entire defrosting system, when for the automated operation of the entire system must be used expensive and complex diagnostic technology increasing the price of the entire system and also the possibility of failure creation and heat pump outages. Because it is very difficult to monitor the frost extent and to determine the moment to turn on and off the frost melting and shut-down the heat pump from the heat consumer. During continuous run of the defrosting systems according to the background art would occur strong rise in price of the entire heat pump operation.
- The goal of the technical solution intends to eliminate or at least to minimize the drawbacks of the art.
-
GB-A-2 167 543 claim 1. - The goal of the invention has been reached by a heat pump according to the features of
claim 1. - This solution enables by simply and relatively inexpensive means and without demands on a complex control device to provide a reliable and continuous melting the frost from the heat exchangers air/coolant and all that without a need to cut off the heating capacity flow of the heat .pump into the heat consumer, for instance building heating system because there is always melting the frost from one of the pair of heat exchangers air/coolant by means of a residual heat of the coolant, while the second heat exchanger air/coolant immediately after passing the coolant through the heat exchanger air/coolant that is being defrosted uses this coolant for taking-off the heat from the air. By means of this is removed the necessity to cut off the heating capacity transmission from the heat consumer and is provided a continuous heating capacity of the heat pump transmission into the heat consumer, e.g. building heating system.
- According to one preferred embodiment are both branches of the coolant return piping fitted with closing valves coupled with the control device.
- From the point of control simplicity of the closing valves it is preferred if the control device of closing valves consists of a time control device.
- To increase the utility value and efficiency particularly in season with no danger of frost creation on the heat exchangers air/coolant it is preferred, if each of the branches of the coolant return piping is fitted with a controllably closable bypass of its part forming a heating piping, which is according to one example embodiment formed that the first branch of the return piping is between the coolant return piping branching point and the first heating piping connected to the first auxiliary piping, which is to the first branch of the coolant return piping connected in front of the evaporation inlet of the second heat exchanger air/coolant, while the second branch of the return coolant piping is between the branching point of the coolant return piping and the second heating piping connected to the second auxiliary piping, which is to the second branch of the coolant return piping connected in front of the evaporating inlet of the first heat exchanger air/coolant and both auxiliary piping are fitted with a controllable valve connected to the control device.
- The invention is schematically shown in the drawings in which
Fig. 1 represents an arrangement of a heat pump without a controllably closable and openable bypass of its part forming a heating piping andFig. 2 represents an arrangement of a heat pump with a controllably openable and closable bypass of its part forming a heating piping. - A heat pump consists of a
compressor 1 , whose suction is connected by afeed piping 2 with acoolant outlet 33 from a pair ofheat exchangers 3 air/coolant.
Coolant in theoutlet 33 from theheat exchangers 3 air/coolant transmits the heat taken off the air. Thecompressor 1 compresses this coolant, by means of which the coolant temperature further increased, usually to values around 85° C. Coolant is from thecompressor 1 led into aheat exchanger 4 coolant/water. Water heated in this way is further used for a heat consumer, for instance for a building heating etc. From theheat exchanger 4 coolant/water comes out coolant cooled down to a residual temperature usually around 35° C to 40° C and is by means of acoolant return piping 5 led towards theheat exchangers return piping 5 is in front of theheat exchangers branches - The
first branch 51 of thecoolant return piping 5 is through the first controllableclosable valve 91 led into thefirst heat exchanger 31 air/coolant. In thefirst heat exchanger 31 air/coolant thefirst branch 51 of thecoolant return piping 5 forms thefirst heating piping 81 for defrosting thisheat exchanger 31 air/coolant. From thefirst heat exchanger 31 air/coolant continues thefirst branch 51 into an evaporatinginlet 320 of thesecond heat exchanger 32 air/coolant. In thesecond heat exchanger 32 air/coolant takes place a known coolant expansion coupled with a heat take-off from the air surrounding thesecond heat exchanger 32 air/coolant by means of coolant. Coolant with the heat gathered by this way is led though anoutlet 33 into thecoolant feed piping 2 towards thecompressor 1 . - The
second branch 52 of thecoolant return piping 5 is through a second controllableclosable valve 91 led into thesecond heat exchanger 32 . In thesecond heat exchanger 32 air/coolant forms thesecond branch 52 of thecoolant return piping 5 thesecond heating piping 82 for defrosting thisheat exchanger 32 air/coolant. From thesecond heat exchanger 32 air/coolant continues thesecond branch 52 into an evaporatinginlet 310 of thefirst heat exchanger 32 air/coolant. In thefirst heat exchanger 32 air/coolant takes place a known coolant expansion coupled with a heat take-off from the air surrounding thefirst heat exchanger 32 air/coolant by means of coolant. Coolant with the heat gathered by this way is led though anoutlet 33 into thecoolant feed piping 2 towards thecompressor 1 . -
Closing valves - An evaporating
coolant inlet appropriate heat exchanger jet 72, which provides coolant evaporation and its distribution into anappropriate heat exchanger -
Heat exchangers ventilator 30 connected to a drive for increasing the air circulation along heat transfer surfaces of theheat exchangers - In the embodiment shown in
Fig. 2 is thefirst branch 51 of thecoolant return piping 5 between the branching point of thecoolant return piping 5 tobranches first heating piping 81 connected through the firstauxiliary piping 510 with the point between the end of thefirst heating piping 81 and the evaporatinginlet 320 of thesecond heat exchanger 32 air/coolant. The firstauxiliary piping 510 is fitted with acontrollable valve 5100 . Equivalently is thesecond branch 52 of thecoolant return piping 5 between the branching point of thecoolant return piping 5 tobranches second heating piping 81 connected through the secondauxiliary piping 520 with the point between the end of thesecond heating piping 82 and the evaporatinginlet 310 of thefirst heat exchanger 31 air/coolant. The secondauxiliary piping 520 is fitted with acontrollable valve 5200 .Controllable valves - In the represented example on the
Fig. 2 are the first and the secondauxiliary piping coolant return piping 5 tobranches heating piping controllable valves auxiliary piping coolant return piping 5 tobranches heating piping controllable valves - The heat pump according to the invention operates for instance that the
first closing valve 91 controlling the inlet of the coolant with a residual heat into thefirst branch 51 of thecoolant return piping 5 is open and thesecond closing valve 92 controlling the inlet of the coolant with a residual heat into thesecond branch 52 of thecoolant return piping 5 is closed. By means of that the coolant with a residual heat flows first into thefirst exchanger 31 air/coolant as a heating medium and provides melting the frost from thisfirst heat exchanger 31 air/coolant. No sooner than now the coolant flows into thesecond heat exchanger 32 air/coolant, where it expands and takes off the heat from the air and with this heat flows towards thecompressor 1 , by means of which is compressed (temperature of coolant increases) and led into theheat exchanger 4 coolant/water for the heat consumer, for instance for the building heating. In a certain moment, e.g. according to sensors information or simply after some defined time interval comes to closing the first 91 and to opening thesecond closing valve 92, by means of which is opened inlet for the coolant with a residual heat to influx thesecond branch 52 of thecoolant return piping 5 and concurrently comes to closing thefirst branch 51 of thecoolant return piping 5 . This way the coolant with a residual heat first flows into thesecond heat exchanger 32 air/coolant as a heating medium and provides melting the frost from thissecond heat exchanger 32 air/coolant, which served before for heat take-off from the air into the coolant. No sooner than now the coolant flows into thefirst heat exchanger 32 air/coolant, where it expands and takes off the heat from the air and heated by this heat flows towards thecompressor 1 , by means of which is compressed (temperature of coolant increases) and led into theheat exchanger 4 coolant/water, for instance for the building heating. - Switching the closing valves 9 ( 91 , 92 ) controlling the coolant influx into
particular branches first branch 51, then comes to switching and for another defined time period, for instance also 30 minutes, coolant flows through thesecond branch 52 . The time span of operation ofparticular branches round heat exchangers - The pair of closing
valves branches - In cases of no risk of frost formation on
heat exchangers heat exchangers auxiliary piping branches inlets heat exchangers exchangers -
- 1
- compressor
- 2
- feed piping
- 3
- heat exchanger air/coolant
- 30
- propeller
- 31
- first heat exchanger air/coolant
- 310
- evaporating inlet of the first heat exchanger air/coolant
- 32
- second heat exchanger air/coolant
- 320
- evaporating inlet of the second heat exchanger air/coolant
- 33
- coolant outlet from the heat exchanger air/coolant
- 4
- heat exchanger coolant/water
- 5
- coolant return piping
- 51
- first branch of the coolant return piping
- 510
- first auxiliary piping
- 5100
- controllable valve
- 52
- second branch of the coolant return piping
- 520
- second auxiliary piping
- 5200
- controllable valve
- 72
- evaporating jet
- 81
- first heating piping
- 82
- second heating piping
- 91
- first closing valve
- 92
- second closing valve
Claims (5)
- A heat pump consisting of a pair of air/coolant heat exchangers (31, 32) connected with theirs outlets (33) to a coolant feed piping (2), which is connected with an inlet of a compressor (1) whose outlet is connected with an inlet of a coolant/water heat exchanger (4) whose outlet is connected with a coolant return piping (5) which is divided into two branches (51, 52) each of them is connected with one evaporating inlet (310, 320) of each of the air/coolant heat exchangers (31, 32) characterized by that the first branch (51) of the coolant return, piping (5), before entering the evaporating inlet (320) of the second air/coolant heat exchanger (32), is incorporated with the first heat exchanger (31) as a first heating piping (81) and the second branch (52) of the coolant return piping (5), before entering the evaporating inlet (310) of the first air/coolant heat exchanger (31), is incorporated with the second heat exchanger (32) as a second heating piping (82) and each of the branches (51, 52) of the coolant return piping (5) has closing means.
- A heat pump as claimed in Claim 1, characterized by that the branches (51, 52) of the coolant return piping (5) are fitted with closing valves (9) coupled with a control device.
- A heat pump as claimed in Claim 2, characterized by that the control device of closing valves (9) comprises a time control device.
- A heat pump as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 3, characterized by that each of the branches (51, 52) of the coolant return piping (5) is fitted with a controllable opening and closing by-pass of its part forming a heating piping (81,82).
- A heat pump as claimed in Claim 4, characterized by that the first branch (51) of the coolant return piping (5) is between the point of dividing the coolant return piping (5) into the two branches (51, 52) and a first heating piping (81) connected with a first auxiliary piping (510), which is connected to the first branch (51) of the coolant return piping (5) in front of an evaporating inlet (320) of the second air/coolant heat exchanger (32) and the second branch (52) of the coolant return piping (5) is between the point of dividing the coolant return piping (5) into the two branches (51, 52) and the second heating piping (82) connected with a second auxiliary piping (520), which is connected with the second branch (52) of the coolant return piping (5) in front of the evaporating inlet (310) of the first air/coolant heat exchanger (31) and both auxiliary piping (510, 520) are fitted with a controllable valve (5100, 5200) connected to the control device.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CZ20040367A CZ296566B6 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2004-03-15 | Heat pump |
CZ20040367 | 2004-03-15 | ||
CZ20040459 | 2004-04-05 | ||
CZ20040459A CZ299573B6 (en) | 2004-04-05 | 2004-04-05 | Heat pump |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1577624A2 EP1577624A2 (en) | 2005-09-21 |
EP1577624A3 EP1577624A3 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
EP1577624B1 true EP1577624B1 (en) | 2009-05-27 |
Family
ID=34839281
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05466002A Not-in-force EP1577624B1 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2005-03-11 | A heat pump |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1577624B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE432452T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602005014579D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2213964A1 (en) * | 2009-01-28 | 2010-08-04 | Hermann Gautsch | Apparatus for warming a heat carrier in a heating system with a heat pump |
DE202012004795U1 (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-08-20 | Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg | Heat pump device and evaporator for a heat pump device |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1038536A (en) * | 1964-05-15 | 1966-08-10 | Lester K Quick | Refrigeration system |
GB2167543B (en) * | 1984-11-26 | 1988-09-21 | Sanden Corp | Refrigerated display cabinet |
JPH0663692B2 (en) * | 1986-09-08 | 1994-08-22 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Low temperature showcase |
JPS63223478A (en) * | 1987-03-11 | 1988-09-16 | 中野冷機株式会社 | Refrigerator |
-
2005
- 2005-03-11 AT AT05466002T patent/ATE432452T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-03-11 EP EP05466002A patent/EP1577624B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-03-11 DE DE602005014579T patent/DE602005014579D1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE602005014579D1 (en) | 2009-07-09 |
ATE432452T1 (en) | 2009-06-15 |
EP1577624A3 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
EP1577624A2 (en) | 2005-09-21 |
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