EP1568862B1

EP1568862B1 - Flapper finger valve

Info

Publication number: EP1568862B1
Application number: EP05011547A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Robert J. Sageman
Original assignee: Barnes Group Inc
Current assignee: Barnes Group Inc
Priority date: 2002-10-24
Filing date: 2003-10-23
Publication date: 2006-10-04
Anticipated expiration: 2023-10-23
Also published as: EP1568862A3; EP1568862A2

Description

The invention broadly relates to exhaust systems and mufflers, and more particularly relates to a flapper finger valve and a flapper finger valve assembly that will be used in an automotive exhaust system to define a flow path for exhaust gasses that are released under high pressure and high flow conditions.
It is well known in the art to use mufflers on automotive vehicles to silence exhaust noise and to control the back pressure on the power train. Generally, mufflers are stamped from typically known steel, aluminum or the like and will use multiple internal baffles and tubes to silence the exhaust noise from the power train. In prior art mufflers exhaust enters one end of a muffler and is moved through a series of baffles and tubes in the interior of the muffler, to an exhaust tube and then on to a tailpipe. The design of the baffles, the number of baffles, the holes in the baffles, and any piping within the muffler all relate to the pressure and flow conditions through the muffler and exhaust system of the automotive vehicle. The size of the prior art muffler and exhaust systems of automotive vehicles is rather large in order to accomplish the baffling and noise reduction required by the muffler systems. The size of the exhaust systems require a lot of the packaging room available on the undercarriage of the chassis system of the automotive vehicles. The tuning and control of other characteristics of the muffler also can increase the performance and other associated characteristics of the automotive vehicle depending on the design of the baffles and the amount of pressure allowed to be released and at what flow rate the pressure is released through the exhaust system. Therefore, the performance characteristics of the vehicle that are effected by the release of pressure through the exhaust system in many prior art vehicles is fixed once the exhaust system is installed. Hence, the size of the muffler had to be large to correctly tune and dampen noise as required by the exhaust muffler system.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a low cost exhaust system that reduces the package size of the muffler for the underbody of the chassis. There also is a need for an exhaust system that can be tuned or controlled without changing the size of the muffler and the number of baffles or tubes within the muffler system.
US 3,006,160 discloses a refrigerating apparatus having a refrigerant compressor including a valve assembly comprising a tube with a plurality of orifices and C-shaped valves arranged on the outside of the tube to cover the orifices.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a flapper valve for controlling axial leakage through openings in an exhaust system tube, said flapper valve comprising a generally C-shaped strip of spring material having a top portion, a first end and a second end and comprising a bend adjacent each end, each bend having a predetermined angle for covering an orifice in the exhaust system, characterised in that said strip further comprises a bridge at a predetermined position between said top portion and one of said ends, said bridge reducing the width of the flapper finger valve, said reduction in width being based on pressure, flow and response time requirements of the exhaust system.
The present invention also provides a flapper valve for controlling axial leakage through openings in an exhaust system tube, said flapper valve comprising a generally C-shaped strip of spring material having a top portion, a first end and a second end and comprising a bend adjacent each end, each bend having a predetermined angle for covering an orifice in the exhaust system, characterised in that, between said top portion and each of said ends, there is provided a predefined orifice of a predetermined size located at a predetermined location, said predefined orifice size and location being based on pressure, flow and response time requirements of the exhaust system.
An advantage of the above aspect of the present invention is the tuneability and variability of the exhaust system by changing design requirements of the flapper finger valves.
Preferably, said C-shaped strip comprises an orifice extending through a surface of said top portion allowing connection of said flapper valve to an exhaust tube, and allowing connection of a retainer to said flapper valve for controlling the maximum amount of radial travel of said first and second ends of said flapper valve.
Preferably, the valve further comprises a C-shaped retainer connected to said top portion of said strip, said retainer having a center and two ends, with a predetermined bend on both of said retainer ends to limit the amount of radial movement of said first and second ends of said flapper valve.
Embodiments of apparatus in accordance with the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figures 1A - 1E show a flapper finger valve assembly according to the present invention.
Figures 2A - 2C show a flapper finger valve assembly according to the present invention.
Figures 3A- 3H show an exhaust pressure relief valve backer according to the present invention.
Figures 4A - 4D show an exhaust pressure relief valve assembly in its open and closed positions.
Figures 5A - 5B show an exhaust pressure relief valve assembly in a series configuration.
Figures 6A - 6C show an exhaust pressure tube according to the present invention.
Figure 7 shows a side view of an exhaust pressure tube according to the present invention.
Figure 8 shows a side view of an alternate embodiment of an exhaust pressure tube according to the present invention.
Figure 9 shows an end view of an exhaust tube with a flapper valve in a closed position.
Figure 10 shows an end view of a flapper valve assembly with the flapper valve in its open position.
Figure 11 shows a side view of a flapper valve according to the present invention.
Figure 12 shows a side view of the flapper valve according to the present invention.
Figure 13 shows a top view of the flapper valve according to the present invention.
Figure 14 shows a cross section of a muffler or exhaust system having a flapper finger valve assembly according to the present invention.
Figure 15 shows an alternate embodiment of a flapper finger valve assembly according to the present invention.

Referring to the drawings, Figs. 1 through 14 show the flapper finger valve assembly 10 according to the present invention. The flapper finger valve assembly 10 will be for use on a muffler or exhaust system component 38 and/or as a stand alone unit that will allow for the propagation of the exhaust gasses through a predetermined path for release under high pressure and high flow conditions. The use of the flapper finger valve assembly 10 will allow for a reduction in the packaging size of the muffler 38 thus increasing available space on the undercarriage of the chassis of an automotive vehicle. Furthermore the reduction in size will also reduce the weight and manufacturing costs of the muffler or exhaust system 38. It should further be noted that the flapper finger valve assembly 10 will be available in a variety of configurations and will also allow for a variable control or fine tuning of the exhaust system and power train of the vehicle.
Fig. 1 shows the exhaust pressure flapper finger valve or relief valve 12 according to the present invention. Generally, the flapper finger valve 12 has an overall C-shape. The valve 12 has an orifice 14 through a surface thereof at or near a top point thereof. Fig. 1 shows the valve in a closed position 16 and in an open position 18. It should be noted that generally the flapper finger valve 12 will be made of a steel material that will have a predetermined spring coefficient. It should be noted that any other type of metal, ceramic, plastic, composite or any other type of material may be used for the flapper finger valve 12. As shown in Fig. 1 the flapper finger valve 12 also includes, on both ends thereof, a predetermined bend 20 at a predetermined angle which will be used to cover and seal a predetermined orifice 22 in the exhaust system. The flapper finger valve 12 is designed such that it controls the release of the exhaust pressure and flow of the exhaust in a predetermined manner. The steel will have a predetermined spring coefficient that in one embodiment will be in the closed position in its equilibrium position. Then when a predetermined pressure from the exhaust is placed upon an inner surface of the flapper finger valve 12, the flapper finger valve 12 will be urged in an outer direction thus increasing the size of the C and bending the finger valve 12 outward in a radial direction. The flapper finger valve 12 must have the proper spring characteristics and the ability to open and close at various pressures and within predetermined time constraints. It should further be noted that the profile or predetermined bend 20 in each of the flapper finger valves 12 may vary depending on the relief orifices 22 in the exhaust tube 24. It should further be noted that the finger valve has a predetermined thickness which will also affect the characteristics of the exhaust system. The thickness of the material will be matched to the pressure and noise reduction requirements of the exhaust system. The thicker the material the more pressure and the greater flow needed to open the valve 12. Therefore, the thinner the material the quicker the valve 12 will open, thus releasing exhaust pressure through the muffler system. It should be noted that the flapper finger valve 12 can be placed on the outer circumference of an exhaust tube 24 or on an inner circumference of an exhaust tube 24 depending on the design requirements and flow direction needed for the exhaust. Furthermore, a bridge 26, as shown in Fig. 1, will reduce the width of the flapper finger valve 12 at predetermined positions based on the pressure and flow requirements needed along with the response time in the exhaust system. Therefore, all of the variables discussed above can be changed on the flapper finger valve 12 to fine tune and/or configure the exhaust system to predetermined specifications.
Fig. 2 shows the exhaust pressure relief valve backer or retainer 28 for use in the present invention. The retainer 28 generally has a rectangular shape if viewed flat. However, in its operational mode the retainer 28 generally has a C-shape. The retainer 28 will control the maximum amount of radial travel for the flapper finger valve 12. Therefore, the effective radius of the retainer 28 is a predetermined length that will allow the flapper finger valve 12 to open to a predetermined position or close to a predetermined position depending on the operating requirements of the exhaust system. It should be noted that in one embodiment the retainer 28 is made of a steel material but that it should be noted that any other metal material, plastic, ceramic, composite or any other known material capable of withstanding the pressure and heat of an automotive exhaust system may be used. The exhaust pressure relief valve backer 28 also includes an orifice 30 at a top portion through a surface thereof. This orifice 30 will mate and align with the orifice 14 located on the flapper finger valve 12 and will allow for connection of the retainer 28 and flapper finger valve 12 to an exhaust tube 24. In one embodiment the retainer 28 will be placed and arranged such that an outer surface of the flapper finger valve 12 engages with an inner surface of the retainer 28. The retainer 28 has a fixed radius and does not have the spring coefficient shown in the flapper finger valve 12 and therefore is designed to set an upper limit on the amount of radial movement for the flapper finger valve 12. The exhaust pressure relief valve backer 28 also may include a predetermined bend 32 on both ends thereof. This bend will match with any bend found in the flapper finger valve 12.
Figs. 5 and 6 show an exhaust pressure tube 24 for use with the flapper finger valve 12 and retainer 28 as discussed above. The exhaust pressure tube 24 will restrict the exhaust flow volume to a predetermined amount to produce the control and fine tuning of the exhaust system for the application required. It should be noted that the exhaust tube 24 generally has a tubular cross section and includes a plurality of orifices. A mounting orifice 34 through one surface thereof will mate with the orifices 14, 30 on the flapper finger valve 12 and retainer 28 to allow for connection of the flapper finger valve 12 and retainer 28 to the exhaust tube 24. A first and second relief orifice 22 are located equal distance from each other through the surface of the exhaust tube 24 opposite from the mounting orifice 34. The size of the relief orifices 22 will determine the amount of flow through the exhaust pressure tube 24 and flapper finger valve 12. It should be noted that in one embodiment the exhaust pressure tube 24 is made of a steel material but that any other known metal, plastic, ceramic, composite or other material capable of withstanding the pressure and heat may also be used for the exhaust pressure tube 24. The exhaust pressure tube 24 will be designed to mate with and align with any known tube within an exhaust system/muffler 38. The relief orifices 22 generally are circular but any other shape may be used depending on the requirements and noise reduction capabilities of any other design. The size of the relief orifices 22 also will be tuned to the specific pressure requirements and flow variations of the flapper finger valve assembly 10. This will allow for multiple pressure and flow control variables depending on the size and/or shape of the flow relief orifices 22.
Figs. 3, 4 and 6 show the flapper finger valve assembly 10 completely assembled. As shown the exhaust tube 24 is placed within a muffler system 38 or in an tube within an exhaust system at predetermined intervals or at predetermined areas therein. A flapper finger valve 12 is placed directly in contact with the exhaust tube 24 on an outside surface of the exhaust tube 24 and then an inside surface of the retainer 28 is placed in direct contact with an outer surface of the flapper finger valve 12. The orifices 14, 30 on the flapper finger valve 12 and retainer 28 are aligned with the mounting orifice 34 on the exhaust tube 24 and any known fastener or connection method 36 is used to connect the three components to one another, such as but not limited to screws, rivets, inserts, welding or any other mechanical or chemical bonding means. At an equilibrium position the flapper finger valve 12 will engage the entire outer circumference of the exhaust tube 24 and cover the relief orifices 22. During operation once the exhaust pressure increases and the flow increases the valve 12 will open in a radial direction, away from the outer surface of the exhaust tube 24 and allow for flow of the exhaust through the relief orifices 22 and on through the muffler or the exhaust system 38. It should be noted that the flapper finger valve assembly 10 can be placed in parallel or series as shown in Figs. 4 and 6 or placed anywhere within the exhaust system to achieve the desired tuning and control characteristics of the exhaust system. Therefore, it can be placed in a tube at the beginning of the muffler 38, at the end of the muffler 38 or in a separate independent unit separate from the muffler. The amount of noise reduction and tuning characteristics will depend on the design requirements of the vehicle.
It should further be noted that it is contemplated to have a flapper finger valve assembly 10 that is electronically controlled that will allow the user of the motor vehicle to dial in a specific tuning for the exhaust system. This assembly could use electric solenoids or the like to control how far the finger valves 12 open and which finger valves 12 will even be capable of opening. Furthermore, a plurality of different size and tuned valves 12 may be placed in the same muffler with only specific valves 12 becoming operational at predetermined times depending on the characteristics selected by the motor vehicle operator. It should also be noted that pneumatic, electro-mechanical, hydraulic or pure mechanical systems are contemplated to control the flapper finger valve assembly 10 in any known contemplated exhaust systems for a vehicle.
Figure 15 shows an alternate embodiment for an exhaust pressure flapper finger valve or relief valve 120 according to the present invention. Generally, the flapper finger valve 120 has an overall C-shape. The valve 120 has a connecting orifice 140 through a surface thereof at or near a top thereof. It should be noted that generally the flapper finger valve 120 will be made of a steel material that will have a predetermined spring coefficient. It should be noted that any other type of metal, ceramic, plastic, composite, fabric, or any other type of material may be used for the flapper finger valve 120. As shown in Figure 15, the flapper finger valve 120 also includes a plurality of predefined orifices 127 arranged around the connecting orifice 140. The orifices 127 may either be a circular orifice or any other shaped orifice depending on the environment and design requirements of the flapper finger valve 120. The diameter of the orifices 127 are arranged and placed at predetermined positions based on the pressure and flow requirements needed along with the response time in the exhaust system. The large diameter orifices 127 will require less pressure from the exhaust system to open the flapper valve 120 to its open position while smaller diameter orifices 127 will require greater pressure to open the flapper valve 120, thus allowing for release of the exhaust pressure through the muffler system. Therefore, the orifices 127 work in the same manner as the bridges as shown in Figure 1. Therefore, all of the variables discussed including the shape, size and location of the orifices 127 can be changed on the flapper finger valve 120 to fine tune and/or configure the exhaust system to predetermined specifications.
While it may be apparent that the preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed are well calculated to fill benefits, objects or advantages of the invention, it will be appreciated that the invention is susceptible to modifications, variations and change without departing from the scope of the claims. Therefore, within the scope of the appended claims, the present invention may be practiced otherwise than is specifically described.

Claims

A flapper valve (12) for controlling axial leakage through openings (22) in an exhaust system tube, said flapper valve (12) comprising a generally C-shaped strip of spring material having a top portion, a first end and a second end and comprising a bend (20) adjacent each end, each bend (20) having a predetermined angle for covering an orifice (22) in the exhaust system, characterised in that said strip further comprises a bridge (26) at a predetermined position between said top portion and one of said ends, said bridge (26) reducing the width of the flapper finger valve (12), said reduction in width being based on pressure, flow and response time requirements of the exhaust system.
A flapper valve (120) for controlling axial leakage through openings (22) in an exhaust system tube, said flapper valve (12) comprising a generally C-shaped strip of spring material having a top portion, a first end and a second end and comprising a bend (20) adjacent each end, each bend (20) having a predetermined angle for covering an orifice (22) in the exhaust system, characterised in that, between said top portion and each of said ends, there is provided a predefined orifice (127) of a predetermined size located at a predetermined location, said predefined orifice size and location being based on pressure, flow and response time requirements of the exhaust system.
The flapper valve of claim 1 or 2, wherein said C-shaped strip comprises an orifice (14) extending through a surface of said top portion allowing connection of said flapper valve (12) to an exhaust tube, and allowing connection of a retainer (28) to said flapper valve (12) for controlling the maximum amount of radial travel of said first and second ends of said flapper valve (12).
The flapper valve of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a C-shaped retainer (28) connected to said top portion of said strip, said retainer (28) having a center and two ends, with a predetermined bend on both of said retainer ends to limit the amount of radial movement of said first and second ends of said flapper valve (12).