EP1560539A1 - Apparatus and method for testing bond between a denture material and an adhesive composition - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for testing bond between a denture material and an adhesive compositionInfo
- Publication number
- EP1560539A1 EP1560539A1 EP03811008A EP03811008A EP1560539A1 EP 1560539 A1 EP1560539 A1 EP 1560539A1 EP 03811008 A EP03811008 A EP 03811008A EP 03811008 A EP03811008 A EP 03811008A EP 1560539 A1 EP1560539 A1 EP 1560539A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- testing
- adhesive composition
- denture
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000120 Artificial Saliva Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 5
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002998 adhesive polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- LLSDKQJKOVVTOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium chloride dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] LLSDKQJKOVVTOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 chloride anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/04—Measuring adhesive force between materials, e.g. of sealing tape, of coating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C19/00—Dental auxiliary appliances
- A61C19/04—Measuring instruments specially adapted for dentistry
Definitions
- Prior testing methods have employed two plates of plastics denture material adhered together by a layer of denture adhesive composition, immersed in water at room temperature, and subject to mechanical testing.
- the apparatus comprises means for retaining the water-permeable polymeric membrane, in contact with the plate, under tension.
- the tension could be applied biaxially or, preferably, uniaxially.
- the device has first and second gripping means, preferably linear gripping means, on respective sides of the plate, for gripping the water-permeable polymeric membrane.
- one of the gripping means comprises, or is in contact with, tensioning means.
- the tensioning means preferably comprises a tensioning roller constructed to assuredly engage the polymeric membrane, for example aided by engagement teeth or spikes.
- each gripping means is linear, and longer than the corresponding extent of the plate. That is, when the plate is circular (as is preferred) the gripping means are longer than the diameter of the plate.
- the gripping means are preferably arranged centrally relative to the plate.
- the plaque is not part of the first aspect of the present invention.
- the plaque will be of a material believed suitable for use as a denture material. It will typically be an acrylic polymer material, especially PMMA.
- the denture adhesive composition is not part of the first aspect of the present invention. However it will be of a material believed suitable for securement of dentures. It will typically be a cellulose-derived polymer in combination with at least one further adhesive polymer, usually an alkylvinylether maleic anhydride copolymer or acid copolymer thereof, combined in a paraffinic base.
- the testing apparatus shown comprises a cuboid chamber 2. It has a horizontal bottom wall, four upstanding side walls and a horizontal top wall 4.
- the top wall 4 has a fill hole 6 and a circular PMMA plate 8 of diameter 7.5cm, drilled with 1mm diameter cylindrical perforations, about 28 in number across a diameter.
- the plate 8 is set firmly and sealingly into an opening in the top wall 4.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Dental Preparations (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
Apparatus for testing the bond between a plastics denture material and a denture adhesive composition comprises a chamber (2) whose outer wall is interrupted by an uppermost perforate plate (8). The chamber is kept full of artificial saliva, heated to body temperature. Across the top of the perforate plate (8) is retained a sheet of polymer which allows artificial saliva, which has risen through the capillaries of the plate (8), to pass through it. The polymer mimics a mucosal surface. A plate is plastics denture material is secured to the sheet by means of the adhesive composition. The denture material may be manipulated to test the adhesion.
Description
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TESTING BOND BETWEEN A DENTURE MATERIAL AND AN ADHESIVE COMPOSITION
This invention relates to a testing apparatus and method. In particular, it relates to an apparatus for and method of testing of the adherence between a plastics denture material and a denture adhesive composition.
Prior testing methods have employed two plates of plastics denture material adhered together by a layer of denture adhesive composition, immersed in water at room temperature, and subject to mechanical testing.
We have now recognised that, contrary to what has previously been thought, there is a mis-match between the findings from such tests, and the feedback on real -life performance, provided by consumers. Having recognised this problem an object of the present invention is to develop testing which provides a more accurate indication of in-the-mouth performance.
In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention there is provided apparatus for testing the bond between a plastics denture material and a denture adhesive composition, the apparatus comprising a perforate wall, plaque or plate (hereinafter "plate"), one side of which, in use, is in contact with an aqueous liquid (hereinafter "liquid side") and the other side of which, in use, provides the location for testing (hereinafter "testing side"), wherein said testing side of the plate, in use, is in contact with a water-permeable polymeric membrane, preferably in the form of a water-permeable polymeric sheet .
In use, the testing side of the plate is in contact with a water-permeable polymeric sheet, wherein a plate or plaque (hereinafter "plaque") of the plastics denture material is adhered to the polymeric sheet by means of the denture adhesive composition. The plaque may then be manipulated to test the bond between the plastics denture material and the denture adhesive composition.
In accordance with this aspect of the invention the apparatus itself suitably comprises the perforate plate, means for supplying an aqueous liquid to the liquid side of the plate, and means for retaining the water-permeable polymeric membrane in contact with the testing side of the plate.
In accordance with a second aspect of the invention there is provided apparatus of the first aspect, in use, with aqueous liquid in contact with the liquid side of the perforate plate, with the polymeric membrane in contact with the testing side of the perforate plate, and with the plaque of the plastics denture material adhered thereto, by means of the denture adhesive composition.
In accordance with a third aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of testing the adherence between a denture adhesive composition and a plastics denture material, the method employing the in-use apparatus of the second aspect, and with the plate preferably subjected to forces which tend to urge the separation of the plaque from the polymeric membrane; these forces being, opposed by the denture adhesive composition. Preferably, force is applied to the plaque in a cyclical manner.
The following passages describe preferred features of the invention. Whether they apply to the apparatus or to the method, or both, will be clear from the wording used, or otherwise from the context.
Preferably the apparatus comprises a chamber for the aqueous liquid. The chamber continuously wets the liquid side of the perforate plate. Preferably it does this by providing that said one side of the perforate plate is continuously immersed in the aqueous liquid: By "immersed in" we mean to include "placed against the surface of" .
Preferably the apparatus includes a pump to deliver the liquid continuously to said the liquid side of the perforate plate.
Preferably the chamber has a partition, forming sub- chambers. One sub-chamber is preferably in communication with the perforate plate and is caused by the operation of the pump to be always full, in operation. The other sub- chamber need not always be full. It may be full at the start of the method but as the method proceeds and as aqueous liquid is drawn through the polymeric sheet, the liquid level in this sub-chamber may drop. This sub- chamber is provided with a fill hole. Preferably, the fill hole is sufficiently large that an operator can determined by visual inspection whether the liquid level in the second sub-chamber has dropped so much that more liquid should be poured into the second chamber, through the fill hole.
The plate can be of any shape but is conveniently, and preferably, circular.
The plaque can be of any shape but is conveniently, and preferably, circular.
Preferably the plaque is of substantially the same shape and size as the plate.
Preferably the apparatus comprises means for retaining the water-permeable polymeric membrane, in contact with the plate, under tension. The tension could be applied biaxially or, preferably, uniaxially. Preferably the device has first and second gripping means, preferably linear gripping means, on respective sides of the plate, for gripping the water-permeable polymeric membrane. Preferably one of the gripping means comprises, or is in contact with, tensioning means. The tensioning means preferably comprises a tensioning roller constructed to assuredly engage the polymeric membrane, for example aided by engagement teeth or spikes.
The gripping means may comprise clamping means, preferably in the form of two surfaces between which the polymeric sheet may be clamped.
The gripping means preferably comprises a roller with teeth or spikes, to engage the polymeric membrane.
Suitably, in use, one edge of a polymeric membrane, preferably a rectangular sheet, is engaged by one gripping means, is laid over the plate, and fed into or through the second gripping means. The tensioning device is operated
to put the polymeric membrane under tension. The tension is held whilst the second gripping means is engaged.
Preferably each gripping means is linear, and longer than the corresponding extent of the plate. That is, when the plate is circular (as is preferred) the gripping means are longer than the diameter of the plate. The gripping means are preferably arranged centrally relative to the plate.
Thus, they preferably extend beyond the plate, on each side. By this means the polymeric membrane may be assuredly tensioned at all positions, over the plate.
Preferably the apparatus has a heater to heat the aqueous liquid. Preferably the heater is thermostatically controlled to heat the liquid to a temperature in the range 30-36°C, preferably 32-34°C. The heating device is preferably separate from the aqueous liquid. Conveniently it has a heating element at the base of the apparatus, beneath the chamber.
Although in principle an apparatus could be designed for use in any orientation, conveniently, and preferably, it is arranged such that the plate is substantially horizontal, and arranged to draw the aqueous liquid upwards. Thus, the polymeric sheet and the plaque are preferably located on top of the plate.
Preferably the plate is of plastics material. Preferably it is an acrylic plastics material, especially poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) .
Preferably the plate is formed with a high density of small perforations, able to draw the aqueous liquid through them by capillary action. Preferably the perforations are cylindrical, of diameter not greater than 1.5mm, more preferably not greater than 1.0mm.
Preferably the perforations are present in a density of at least 5 per cm2, more preferably at least 10 per cm2.
Preferably, the perforations are present in a density up to 30 per cm2, more preferably up to 20 per cm2.
For the membrane material any polymer able to allow an aqueous liquid to be drawn through it may be employed. The intention is to mimic a wet mucosal or epithelial surface. Any material useful as a dialysis membrane is likely to be suitable. Especially preferred materials are reconstituted cellulosic materials, preferably of nominal (stated) molecular weight of 1000 - 30000 Daltons, preferably, 3000 - 15000 Daltons. The thickness of the membrane material preferably in the form of a sheet is not believed to be of significance; any as supplied thickness is likely to be suitable.
The plaque is not part of the first aspect of the present invention. However the plaque will be of a material believed suitable for use as a denture material. It will typically be an acrylic polymer material, especially PMMA.
Likewise, the denture adhesive composition is not part of the first aspect of the present invention. However it will be of a material believed suitable for securement of dentures. It will typically be a cellulose-derived
polymer in combination with at least one further adhesive polymer, usually an alkylvinylether maleic anhydride copolymer or acid copolymer thereof, combined in a paraffinic base.
Preferably the aqueous liquid is an artificial saliva. Preferably it comprises at least one cation, at least one anion and at least one mucin. Suitable cations include sodium, potassium and calcium ions . Suitable anions include bicarbonate and chloride anions. An especially preferred artificial saliva has all such ions.
The invention will now be further described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a perspective view of a testing apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
The testing apparatus shown comprises a cuboid chamber 2. It has a horizontal bottom wall, four upstanding side walls and a horizontal top wall 4. The top wall 4 has a fill hole 6 and a circular PMMA plate 8 of diameter 7.5cm, drilled with 1mm diameter cylindrical perforations, about 28 in number across a diameter. The plate 8 is set firmly and sealingly into an opening in the top wall 4.
The apparatus is provided with a pump and with a thermostatically controlled heater, parts of which can be seen at 10, 12. The heater has an element which is located in a heater housing underneath the base wall.
The inside of the chamber 2 has a partition wall between the fill hole 6 and the plate 8, dividing it into two sub- chambers (not shown) . The sub-chamber in communication
with the plate 8 is, by the action of the pump, always full, and the sub-chamber in communication with the fill hole acts as a reservoir for and as a sump from that sub- chamber.
The apparatus includes means for tightly gripping a polymeric sheet over the plate 8. The means for gripping comprises a first gripping means 14 on one side of the plate, and a second gripping and tensioning means 16 on the other side of the plate. First gripping means 14 has a clamping bar 18 whose gripping action, which is a clamping action in nature, is controlled by three clamping screws 20. Thus the edge of a polymeric sheet can be located beneath the clamping bar 18 and the screws screwed down so that it is firmly clamped between the wall of the chamber and the clamping bar 18, and also engaged by the clamping screws .
The second gripping and tensioning means on the other side of the plate comprises a bar 22 with two clamping screws 24, and beyond those parts, further from the plate, there is a toothed ratchet wheel arrangement 26, with a spiked roller 27 being rotatable by means of thumb wheel 28. With the screws 24 removed, the polymeric sheet is engaged with the spiked roller 27 which may be turned by means of the thumb wheel 28, to tension the sheet to the degree required. The screws are then replaced to provide improved securement .
Each bar 18, 22 is 9cm wide, whereas the diameter of the plate 8 is 7.5cm. The clamping means are centrally located relative to the plate, and so extend beyond it on each side.
To use the apparatus, an artificial saliva was prepared, by admixture of the following components :-
Sodium bicarbonate - 0.42g
Sodium chloride - 0.43g
Potassium chloride - l-49g
Calcium chloride (dihydrate) - 0.22g
Pork mucin (type 2 crude) - 2.70g Deionised water to 1000ml
A rectangular sheet of a water-permeable polymeric sheet, a regenerated cellulose material, namely VISKING (trade mark) dialysis membrane (nominal MW per manufacturer's information 7,000 Daltons) was clamped along one edge by clamping means 14. It was then laid over the plate 8 and engaged by the second gripping and tensioning means, as described above .
Next, artificial saliva was poured into the chamber through fill hole 6 until the chamber was nearly full, and the heater was turned on. The apparatus was left for 30 minutes for the temperature of the liquid to reach 33°C, throughout . Any temperature gradients are removed on operation of the pump.
Whilst this was happening 2g of the denture adhesive composition to be tested is placed on the centre of a circular plaque of the PMMA denture material to be tested. This is a circular plate of 7.5cm diameter. The plate, carrying the adhesive, is located on the polymeric sheet, in register with the plate 8. This is pressed down to a predeter-mined force to spread the denture adhesive
composition over the full plaque surface. The pump is operated to ensure that the aqueous liquid is against the undersurface (called the liquid surface elsewhere) of the plaque 8. The polymeric sheet, intended to represent a mucosal surface, will pull the artificial saliva through the perforations in the plate and will remain moist by capillary action. The artificial saliva will in turn be slowly pulled through the polymeric sheet to provide a slow but constant hydration of the polymers present in the denture adhesive composition.
As this happens the plaque is subjected to a reciprocating cycle of force of fixed distance and speed, and the force required to move the fixed distance during this cycle is recorded. This is the adhesion force associated with the denture adhesive composition. The cycle takes 85 seconds and is repeated up to 450 times to generate an adhesion profile over an approximately 12 hour period. In this embodiment the force cycle is: 4.5kg for 75 seconds; down to 3 kg over a 10 second period. The distance moved during the cycle is 1mm.
Claims
1. Apparatus for testing the bond between a plastics denture material and a denture adhesive composition, the apparatus comprising a perforate wall, plaque or plate (hereinafter "plate"), one side of which, in use, is in contact with an aqueous liquid (hereinafter "liquid side") and the other side of which, in use, provides the location for testing (hereinafter "testing side"), wherein said testing side of the plate, in use, is in contact with a water-permeable polymeric membrane.
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the apparatus comprises the perforate plate, means for supplying an aqueous liquid to the liquid side of the plate, and means for retaining said water-permeable polymeric membrane in contact with the testing side of the plate .
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the polymeric membrane is in the form of a sheet.
4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the apparatus has a chamber which continuously wets the inner surface of the perforate plate.
5. Apparatus as claimed in claim 4 wherein the chamber has a partition defining two sub-chambers and means for conveying liquid from one sub-chamber to the sub- chamber in communication with the plate.
6. Apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the apparatus has a heater to heat the aqueous liquid.
7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6 wherein the heater is thermostatically controlled such that the temperature of the aqueous liquid is in the range of 30° - 36°C.
8. Apparatus as claimed in any preceding claims wherein the plate has 5 - 30 perforations per cm2.
9. Apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the apparatus has means for retaining a water- permeable polymeric membrane under tension, over the plate .
10. Apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim, in use, with aqueous liquid in contact with the liquid side of the perforate plate, with a polymeric sheet in contact with the testing side of the perforate plate, and with a plaque of the plastics denture material adhered to the polymeric sheet, by means of the denture adhesive composition.
11. A method of testing the adherence between a denture adhesive composition and a plastics denture material, the method employing the in-use apparatus of claim 10, wherein the plate is preferably subjected to forces which tend to urge the separation of the plaque from the polymeric sheet; these forces being opposed by the denture adhesive composition.
12. An apparatus or method of testing the bond between a plastics denture material and a denture adhesive composition, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0226346 | 2002-11-12 | ||
| GB0226346A GB2395283B (en) | 2002-11-12 | 2002-11-12 | Apparatus and method |
| PCT/GB2003/003709 WO2004043285A1 (en) | 2002-11-12 | 2003-08-26 | Apparatus and method for testing bond between a denture material and an adhesive composition |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1560539A1 true EP1560539A1 (en) | 2005-08-10 |
Family
ID=9947655
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03811008A Withdrawn EP1560539A1 (en) | 2002-11-12 | 2003-08-26 | Apparatus and method for testing bond between a denture material and an adhesive composition |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1560539A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2003260742A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE20315229U1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2395283B (en) |
| PL (1) | PL376839A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2004043285A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2329496C2 (en) * | 2006-06-13 | 2008-07-20 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Северо-Кавказский государственный технический университет" | Method of evaluation of tooth replacement ceramics adhesive activity |
| RU2556964C1 (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2015-07-20 | Сергей Дарчоевич Арутюнов | Denture mechanical testing device |
| RU2640375C1 (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-12-28 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации | Method for measurement of fixation force of complete removable plate lower jaw implant prosthesis and device for its implementation |
| CN108732086B (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-07-30 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of bionical chewing material crushing experiment detection device |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2066050A5 (en) * | 1970-10-14 | 1971-08-06 | Schutz Richard | |
| SU597951A1 (en) * | 1975-09-19 | 1978-03-15 | Харьковское Высшее Военное Командное Училище Им.Маршала Советского Союза Н.И.Крылова | Specimen for determining adhesion |
| US4899581A (en) * | 1988-02-19 | 1990-02-13 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Method and apparatus for the quantitative measurement of adhesion of thin films |
| SU1525554A1 (en) * | 1988-05-19 | 1989-11-30 | Кемеровский технологический институт пищевой промышленности | Device for determining adhesion strength of water-saturated disperse materials |
| US6197346B1 (en) * | 1992-04-24 | 2001-03-06 | Brown Universtiy Research Foundation | Bioadhesive microspheres and their use as drug delivery and imaging systems |
| WO1994001279A1 (en) * | 1992-07-08 | 1994-01-20 | Mann George E | Adhesion testing |
| US5673586A (en) * | 1992-07-08 | 1997-10-07 | Mann; George E. | Adhesion and cohesion testing system |
| US5525652A (en) * | 1994-08-10 | 1996-06-11 | Block Drug Company, Inc. | Denture adhesive |
| DE19715747C2 (en) * | 1997-04-16 | 2000-01-13 | Lohmann Therapie Syst Lts | Method and device for determining the adhesive behavior of pressure-sensitive adhesive fabrics on the skin of humans or mammals |
| NL1006760C2 (en) * | 1997-08-11 | 1999-02-12 | Univ Eindhoven Tech | Apparatus and method for determining the adhesive strength of a coating on a substrate. |
-
2002
- 2002-11-12 GB GB0226346A patent/GB2395283B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-08-26 PL PL376839A patent/PL376839A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-08-26 WO PCT/GB2003/003709 patent/WO2004043285A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-08-26 AU AU2003260742A patent/AU2003260742A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-08-26 EP EP03811008A patent/EP1560539A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-10-02 DE DE20315229U patent/DE20315229U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2004043285A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2004043285A1 (en) | 2004-05-27 |
| GB2395283B (en) | 2004-09-22 |
| DE20315229U1 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
| GB0226346D0 (en) | 2002-12-18 |
| PL376839A1 (en) | 2006-01-09 |
| GB2395283A (en) | 2004-05-19 |
| AU2003260742A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
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