EP1549820A1 - Appareil et procede de transmission d'un signal dans un puits de forage - Google Patents

Appareil et procede de transmission d'un signal dans un puits de forage

Info

Publication number
EP1549820A1
EP1549820A1 EP03758307A EP03758307A EP1549820A1 EP 1549820 A1 EP1549820 A1 EP 1549820A1 EP 03758307 A EP03758307 A EP 03758307A EP 03758307 A EP03758307 A EP 03758307A EP 1549820 A1 EP1549820 A1 EP 1549820A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
tubular
amplifier
drill pipe
repeater
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03758307A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1549820B1 (fr
Inventor
George Boyadjieff
Barry Williams
Bruce Pontius
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Varco IP Inc
Original Assignee
Varco International Inc
Varco IP Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Varco International Inc, Varco IP Inc filed Critical Varco International Inc
Publication of EP1549820A1 publication Critical patent/EP1549820A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1549820B1 publication Critical patent/EP1549820B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/003—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings with electrically conducting or insulating means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/028—Electrical or electro-magnetic connections
    • E21B17/0285—Electrical or electro-magnetic connections characterised by electrically insulating elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E21B41/0085—Adaptations of electric power generating means for use in boreholes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E21B47/13—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency

Definitions

  • the signal conductor may be arranged in a recess in the interior wall of the tubular.
  • tubular is drill pipe.
  • the invention also provides a string of the tubulars of the invention, the tubulars connect end to end, wherein the amplifier-repeaters are in series and are powerful enough to drive the signal past at least one following amplifier repeater and on to a third amplifier repeater .
  • the invention also provides a method for transmitting a signal from deep in a wellbore through a string of tubulars, the method comprising the steps of passing a signal through an electrical conductor arranged in a tubular and amplifying the signal with an amplifier- repeater to enable the signal to travel at a distance substantially equal to between one and ten lengths of the tubular.
  • Each coating method can be used to place a wire or conductive path on the inside of the pipe beneath the surface of the coating.
  • wires or conductive paths are laid down and coated.
  • Teflon coated wires are laid down on the surface of the pipe. Teflon is able to withstand 260°C (500°F) , which is above the range of the application of the coating so the Teflon wire survives the coating.
  • 36 gauge wire can be used with as little as 0.5mm (20 mils) of coating and fully cover the wire . The coated wire in the pipe can then be tested under high pressure and high temperature.
  • the inside of the T-Ring is exposed to turbulent mud flow which provides pressure variations on the piezoelectric device formed on the interior surface of the T-Ring adjacent the mud flow to generate power to the T-Ring. Drilling vibrations can also be used to generate power via the piezoelectric device.
  • the processor in each of the four receiver sections in each T-Ring preferably performs a check sum. The check sums are compared and only the received signals with a matching check sum are retransmitted by the T-Ring.
  • the T-Ring provides processor with memory provide a store and forward digital packet communication scheme wherein a digital packet is received and stored until a signal is received from another device or T-Ring to retransmit the packet.
  • a drilling sensor module 59 is placed near the drill bit 50.
  • the drilling sensor module 59 contains sensors, circuitry and processing software and algorithms relating to the dynamic drilling parameters . Such parameters preferably include bit bounce, stick-slip of the drilling assembly, backward rotation, torque, shocks, borehole and annulus pressure, acceleration measurements and other measurements of the drill bit condition.
  • a suitable communication sub 72 sends data to the surface and receives data from the surface a communication path conductive path provided by the present invention.
  • the drilling sensor module 59 processes the sensor information and transmits it to the surface control unit 40 via the communication path provided by the present invention .
  • the communication sub 72, a power unit 78 and an Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) tool 79 are all connected in tandem with the drill string 20.
  • NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
  • the present invention comprises repeaters 212 located at points within the communication path or conduit. These repeaters can be located between the internal upset on the back end of the box connection of the drill pipe and the end of the pin connection made up into it. It is also possible to temperature stabilize the electronics by boiling a coolant into the pipe ID at the high pressures normally encountered.
  • the repeaters or T-Rings can be powered by piezoelectric, magneto hydrodynamic or other methods or generating power down hole. A battery may also be used to provide power.
  • FIG. 5 a preferred embodiment of a communication coupling ring (T-Ring) is illustrated.
  • T-Ring A major difficulty in communication through wire inside drill pipe is the connection problem between drill pipe sections .
  • the coefficient of coupling between sections would have to be at least 99% on each of the 700 connections possible on a deep well string to enable communications through the drill string within the dynamic range of present electronics .
  • An electronic device such as a sensor/transducer produces an electrical signal which is generally amplified and transmitted through a wire to a processing unit such as a computer. Due to line losses in the wire, the signal can only travel a specified distance through a wire .
  • These four wires are brought to the face of the drill pipe connection on each end of a drill pipe section and embedded in the coating as four sections or quadrants of a circle, each section occupying slightly less than 90 degrees , so that the wires are insulated from each other through each drill pipe section .
  • the connection between the drill pipe is provided by a T-Ring with a ring-shaped volume which is fitted with the transmitter/receiver amplifier-repeater.
  • the signal is electrically transmitted through the conductive path, e.g., wire in a drill pipe section to each T-Ring.
  • the T-Ring receives the signal from the wire in the drill pipe, amplifies the signal, and transmits the amplified signal to the adjacent wire through the next drill pipe section.
  • the T-Ring provides sufficient dynamic range so that the complete failure of one or more T-Ring amplifier-repeaters can be tolerated by amplification of surrounding rings that enable a T-Ring to transmit past a failed T-Ring to the next drill pipe section or T-Ring.
  • the T-Rings simply receive and retransmit between each other without the benefit of a conductive path in the drill pipe section between the T-Rings .
  • the conductive path arcs 309, 311, 313 and 315 are covered with a coating or washer to insulate and/or protect the conductive path arcs 309, 311, 313 and 315 forming the communication path end.
  • the arcs are separated by a space 301 to prevent the conductive paths from touching.
  • each T-Ring has a power supply 420 and an amplifier 422.
  • the power supply 420 can be a heat resistant battery, either long life or disposable or rechargeable or a power generating device such as a piezoelectric element that generates electric power from the mechanical vibration of drilling or turbulent flow and pressure fluctuations of mud flow through centre opening 418 of T-Ring 400.
  • a mud motor may also generate power transferred to the T-Rings via inductive coupling or through the conductive paths.
  • the data signal is super imposed over the power on the data path 308, 310, 312, or 314.
  • Amplifier 422 contains signal conditioning circuitry and a processor to perform cyclic redundancy checking, fault detection and digital packet reception and retransmission .
  • each T-Ring comprises four sections 409; 411; 413; and 415 each comprising receiver and transmitter antennas, power supplies 422 and process/amplifiers 420.
  • the processor can detect when a section 409, 411, 413, or 415 has failed and will retransmit only the sections that are unctional. Thus if T-ring section 409 fails, only signals received by sections 411, 413 and 415 will be retransmitted.
  • Figure 10 illustrates a thin, full-section micro strip line transmission line or communication path inside of a drill pipe section to maintain 50 ⁇ impedance levels with convenient line widths.
  • a thin, full-section micro strip line as shown in Figure 10 works well .
  • er is 6r, the relative dielectric constant, of the material inside of the full-section strip line transmission line assembly.
  • the edges of the assembly are preferably rounded as shown in the Figure 11 diagram below, as long as the width of the ground plane portions is 3 or 4 times the width of the centre conductor, w.
  • the centre conductor width is maximized in order to minimize losses, since the centre conduct is where most of the losses manifest. The wider the centre conductor, the lower the losses in the centre conductor.
  • the characteris ic impedance, Z 0 of the micro strip line transmission path shown in Figure 10 and 11 decreases with increasing width, however, so there is a compromising process .
  • the circumference of the # 26 centre conductor in the RG- 174 coax is about 0.127mm (0.050") whereas the effective width of the 25 ohm line below (third up from the bottom) is 1.3mm (0.051") and the solid, smooth ground planes should be slightly better than the single-thickness braid used on the coax outside conductor.
  • the dielectric material in the strip line is preferably better than the polyethylene used in the coax.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil permettant de transmettre un signal d'une partie profonde d'un puits de forage à travers un train de tubulaires, de préférence une tige de forage. Ledit appareil comprend un conducteur de signal et un tubulaire, et est caractérisé en ce que ledit conducteur de signal est positionné de manière adjacente à une surface intérieure du tubulaire, de préférence une partie de la tige de forage. L'invention concerne également un appareil de transmission permettant de transmettre un signal d'une partie profonde d'un puits de forage à travers un train de tubulaires, de préférence une tige de forage. Cet appareil comprend un conducteur électrique monté dans un tubulaire, de préférence une partie de la tige de forage, et est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un amplificateur-répéteur.
EP03758307A 2002-10-10 2003-10-10 Appareil et procede de transmission d'un signal dans un puits de forage Expired - Lifetime EP1549820B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US41752502P 2002-10-10 2002-10-10
US417525P 2002-10-10
US42005202P 2002-10-21 2002-10-21
US420052P 2002-10-21
US42038102P 2002-10-22 2002-10-22
US420381P 2002-10-22
US44299203P 2003-01-28 2003-01-28
US442992P 2003-01-28
PCT/GB2003/004417 WO2004033847A1 (fr) 2002-10-10 2003-10-10 Appareil et procede de transmission d'un signal dans un puits de forage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1549820A1 true EP1549820A1 (fr) 2005-07-06
EP1549820B1 EP1549820B1 (fr) 2006-11-08

Family

ID=32097080

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03758307A Expired - Lifetime EP1549820B1 (fr) 2002-10-10 2003-10-10 Appareil et procede de transmission d'un signal dans un puits de forage

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20060151179A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1549820B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003274318A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2499331A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO20051943L (fr)
WO (1) WO2004033847A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003274318A8 (en) 2004-05-04
NO20051943L (no) 2005-07-04
WO2004033847A1 (fr) 2004-04-22
AU2003274318A1 (en) 2004-05-04
CA2499331A1 (fr) 2004-04-22
US20060151179A1 (en) 2006-07-13
EP1549820B1 (fr) 2006-11-08
NO20051943D0 (no) 2005-04-21

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