Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
  • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
  • H04L47/36—Flow control; Congestion control by determining packet size, e.g. maximum transfer unit [MTU]
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
  • H04L67/50—Network services
  • H04L67/60—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources
  • H04L67/63—Routing a service request depending on the request content or context
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
  • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
  • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
  • H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
  • H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
  • H04N21/234309—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements by transcoding between formats or standards, e.g. from MPEG-2 to MPEG-4 or from Quicktime to Realvideo
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
  • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
  • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
  • H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
  • H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
  • H04N21/23439—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements for generating different versions
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
  • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
  • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
  • H04N21/236—Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
  • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
  • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
  • H04N21/236—Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream
  • H04N21/2362—Generation or processing of Service Information [SI]
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
  • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
  • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
  • H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
  • H04N21/2385—Channel allocation; Bandwidth allocation
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
  • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
  • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
  • H04N21/258—Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics, processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
  • H04N21/25808—Management of client data
  • H04N21/25825—Management of client data involving client display capabilities, e.g. screen resolution of a mobile phone
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
  • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
  • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
  • H04N21/258—Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics, processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
  • H04N21/25808—Management of client data
  • H04N21/25833—Management of client data involving client hardware characteristics, e.g. manufacturer, processing or storage capabilities
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
  • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
  • H04N21/41—Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
  • H04N21/414—Specialised client platforms, e.g. receiver in car or embedded in a mobile appliance
  • H04N21/41407—Specialised client platforms, e.g. receiver in car or embedded in a mobile appliance embedded in a portable device, e.g. video client on a mobile phone, PDA, laptop
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
  • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
  • H04N21/47—End-user applications
  • H04N21/472—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content
  • H04N21/47202—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content for requesting content on demand, e.g. video on demand
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
  • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
  • H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
  • H04N21/6106—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network
  • H04N21/6131—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via a mobile phone network
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
  • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
  • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
  • H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
  • H04N21/64746—Control signals issued by the network directed to the server or the client
  • H04N21/64761—Control signals issued by the network directed to the server or the client directed to the server
  • H04N21/64769—Control signals issued by the network directed to the server or the client directed to the server for rate control
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N7/00—Television systems
  • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
  • H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
  • H04N7/17309—Transmission or handling of upstream communications
  • H04N7/17318—Direct or substantially direct transmission and handling of requests
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
  • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
  • H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
  • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
  • H04W28/18—Negotiating wireless communication parameters
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
  • H04W4/18—Information format or content conversion, e.g. adaptation by the network of the transmitted or received information for the purpose of wireless delivery to users or terminals

Definitions

• This invention relates generally to content delivery systems, and more particularly, to the packaging and distribution of content to widely disparate networks and devices.
• wireless communication systems are utilized to provide an ever growing portion of the communications capacity currently available to users, despite the additional technological impediments faced in implementing a wireless communication system, as compared to a wireline system. Though a whole host of issues crops up in wireless communication systems, many of these relate to the relaying and enhancing of audio and video content between heterogeneous networks and devices.
• data to be delivered to a device may be separated into portions and these portions converted into a variety of formats, these converted portions are then encapsulated in such a manner that a packet contains one portion of the data represented in one format.
• a packet containing a particular portion of the data in a particular format can then be selected for delivery to a device based on a set of criteria.
• Systems are presented which embody this type of methodology in computer systems, hardware, and software that package and distribute data to devices. Systems are also presented which act as a media bridge between streaming data and a wireless network.
• the data is digitized.
• the data is augmented when it is converted to different formats.
• the set of criteria is updated.
• the selected packet is delivered to the device.
• Still other embodiments evaluate the set of criteria when selecting a packet for delivery to the device.
• a set of rules is used to evaluate the set of criteria.
• FIGURE 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary system for use with embodiments of the present invention.
• FIGURE 2 is a flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
• FIGURE 3 is a depiction of an embodiment of converting portions of data, encapsulating these portions in packets and selecting packets to be delivered to a device;
• FIGURE 4 is a more detailed depiction of an embodiment of selecting packets to be delivered to a device.
• a device may be any sort of apparatus which can receive and display data including mobile phones, PDAs, laptop computers and the like.
• a format is a way of arranging, organizing, or representing data, usually using a defined standard such as MPEG or motion JPEG.
• formats will be understood to be distinct if characteristics of the represented data differ in any manner, additionally the same standard at two different rates will be understood to mean two distinct formats.
• high framerate motion JPEG would be a distinct format from low framerate motion JPEG.
• augmenting a defined standard with additional information will be understood to constitute a distinct format.
• augmenting an MPEG representation of video data with closed captioning information would be a distinct format from video data represented in the MPEG format alone.
• Compressed video data will also be understood as distinct from its uncompressed equivalent.
• video data compressed with MPEG will be understood as distinct format from identical uncompressed raw video data. It will be obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art that for purposes of this application distinct formats may be created in an almost endless variety of ways, such as varying resolution, screen size, sampling rate, and the like.
• FIGURE 1 a diagram illustrating the structure of an exemplary communications system for utilization with embodiments of the present invention is shown.
• this system 100 comprises a media bridge 130 for interfacing between different types of content systems 140, 150, 160 and one or more wireless (or potentially wireline) communication networks 170.
• Content systems 140, 150, 160 may be broadcast media such as television or radio, other audio or video data, such as a video feed from a DVD player, or the Internet.
• Wireless communication network 170 is in turn composed of base station 110 that is configured to communicate with a plurality of mobile devices (devices) 180, 182, 184.
• Mobile devices 180, 182, 184 may, for example, be cellular telephones, laptop computers, personal information managers (PIMs or PDA), or the like that are configured for wireless communication.
• PIMs or PDA personal information managers
• These devices 180, 182, 184 may be running software designed for use with embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that these devices 180, 182, 184 need not actually be "mobile,” but may simply communicate with base station 110 via a wireline or wireless link.
• Base station 110 transmits data to mobile devices 180, 182, 184 via corresponding forward link (FL) channels, while mobile devices 180, 182, 184 transmit data to base station 110 via corresponding reverse link (RL) channels.
• FL forward link
• RL reverse link
• mobile devices 180, 182, 184 may wish to have content from content sources 140, 150, 160 delivered to them. This may be problematic, however, as delivery of much of this content typically requires large amounts of data to be delivered over a high-reliability high- bandwidth connection. Additionally, even if wireless network 170 is such a high-bandwidth network, mobile devices 180, 182, 184 may experience temporary periods of low-bandwidth connection to base station 110, or may be incapable of handling the complexity of such content. Media bridge 130 alleviates these problems by delivering tailored content from content source 140, 150, 160 to each individual mobile device 180, 182, 184.
• Media bridge 130 may employ embodiments of the present invention to allow content from content sources 140, 150, 160 to be delivered to mobile devices 180, 182, 184 based upon a set of criteria associated with these mobile devices 180, 182, 184.
• Streaming content from a content source 140, 150, 160 is fed into media bridge 130, at which point media bridge 130 may capture and digitize the incoming content if the data is not already in a digital format.
• This digitized data may be divided up into portions and converted to a wide variety of formats.
• This data can then be encapsulated in packets and a particular series of packets may be sent to base station 110 for delivery to mobile device 180 depending on criteria associated with that particular device 180.
• the mobile devices 180, 182, 184 and system components in this figure are exemplary and other systems may comprise other types and other combinations of devices.
• Embodiments of the present invention which may be employed by media bridge 130 are depicted in more detail in FIGURE 2.
• Content coming from media source 140 which is to be delivered to a device 180 may be in an analog format.
• This analog content such as a television signal, radio broadcasts or video game data, may be captured using automatic or manual capture methods, and converted to a digital signal (STEP 210).
• STEP 210 One of ordinary skill in the art will understand the many and varied ways to accomplish this capture and analog to digital conversion (STEP 210).
• raw TV signal 140 may be connected to a TV tuner capture card, which in turn captures incoming analog TV signal 140.
• This analog signal 140 may be converted to a digital signal via the use of a standard analog to digital converter of the type that are well known in the art.
• the resulting digital data 212 may be converted to a variety of formats and encapsulated in packets (STEP 220) in order to facilitate delivery of data 212 to device 180. Packets of this data 222 may then be selected for delivery (STEP 230) to device 180 based upon a set of criteria.
• Encapsulation process may in turn include separating original data 212 into portions 214, 216 and converting those portions 214, 216 into a variety of different formats 250, 260.
• the resulting portions 252, 254, 262, 264 of data in different formats 250, 260 cover time periods 270, 280 corresponding to portions 214, 216 of original data 212.
• a portion 252 of data in one format 250 covers the same time period 270 of original data 212 as corresponding portion 262 in another format 260.
• original data 212 may be divided into portions 214, 216 which cover the first 20 seconds of the video represented by original data 212, with one portion 214 representing the first 10 seconds (time period one 270) and another portion 216 representing the second 10 seconds (time period two 280). Portions 214, 216 may then be converted to two different formats 250, 260.
• the resulting data portions 252, 262 corresponding to original portion 214 represent the same first 10 seconds (time period one 270) of original data 212, albeit in two different formats 250, 260.
• data portions 254, 264 corresponding to original data portion 216 represent the second 10 seconds (time period 2 280) of original data 212 in two different formats 250, 260.
• each portion 252, 254, 262, 264 of the data may be augmented.
• information regarding closed captioning may be added to a portion of video data represented in the MPEG format
• billing information may be added to a portion of a web page represented in HTML
• Java content may be added to a portion of the data to provide interactive controls to users of mobile device 180.
• These portions 252, 254, 262, 264 of data may also be optimized for delivery to a device 180 through the use of compression algorithms and the like.
• resulting data portions 252, 254, 262, 264 may then be encapsulated in packets 256, 258, 266, 268 for delivery to device 180.
• Typical file formats for the encapsulation of data include layers dedicated to transmission protocols, application protocols, payload formats, and content formats.
• the file fonnat could also be used to deliver commands to the devices 180, 182, 184 which are to process, control, and render the data contained within those packets 256, 258, 266, 268.
• the encapsulation of the various portions of data 252, 254, 262, 264 uses a file format which allows the efficient encapsulation, transmission, reception, and decomposition of heterogeneous data.
• a packet 256, 258, 266, 268 may contain commands which have identical easy to decode structures, and which may be evaluated and executed in the order in which they are encoded, greatly simplifying the evaluation and execution of the commands and data contained within a packet 256, 258, 266, 268.
• a more specific embodiment which may encapsulate a 2500 byte image in .jpeg format, contains a command identifier, a payload length indicator, and a data payload.
• the command identifier may be a character with some mnemonic relation to the command's functionality, in this case an "i" for image decoding.
• the payload length indicator may be an ASCII encoded zero prefix number. For example, 002500 would indicate the payload of 2500 bytes.
• the data payload in this case would consist of the bytes actually composing the .jpeg image.
• a device 180 When a device 180 receives a packet 256, 258, 266, 268 of this type, software running on the device 180 decodes the packet 256, 258, 266, 268 and sees the command identifier "i" coupled with a packet size of 2500 bytes, and knows the next 2500 bytes are a JPEG image and should be rendered as such.
• packets 232 may be selected for delivery to a device 180 based on a set of criteria 234 (STEP 230). This process is detailed in FIGURE 4. A user of device 180 may wish to obtain certain content. That content may be digitized (STEP 210) and encapsulated into packets of varying formats (STEP 220). Packets 232 may then be selected to be delivered to device 180 based on a set of criteria (STEP 230).
• This criteria 234 may include user influenced factors 430 such as bandwidth availability, the type of device 180, time of day, user account information or subscription service, and user age and preferences. Criteria 234 may also include external factors 440 such as the network configuration, the CPU and databases being utilized in the system and channel availability. Criteria 234 may be updated dynamically as packets 256, 268, 402 are selected to be delivered to device 180. Additionally, criteria 234 may be obtained directly from device 180, either via querying device 180 directly, or device 180 updating criteria 234 dynamically at the behest of a user. An extensive list of criteria 234 which may be used in the selection of packets 232, and means of obtaining and updating these criteria 234, will be obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art.
• decision engine 420 evaluates criteria 234 and based upon the confluence of criteria 234 extant at that moment, selects an appropriate packet 232 to deliver to device 180.
• decision engine contains a module to evaluate each individual criterion. These modules 422, 424, 426, may use a set of rules to evaluate the appropriate packet to select based upon the criterion for which the module is responsible. Based upon the evaluations of individual modules 422, 424, 426 decision engine 420 can select an appropriate packet for device 180.
• user of mobile telephone 180 wishes to watch television broadcast 140. Streaming content from television broadcast 140 is first digitized and encapsulated (STEPs 210, 220). After this, embodiments of the invention may begin selecting packets containing television broadcast 140 to be delivered to mobile telephone 180 (STEP 230).
• Mobile telephone 180 may be a complex device on a high bandwidth connection with a subscription to a high bandwidth service. Criteria 234 indicate this, and based upon criteria 234 decision engine 420 selects a packet 256 containing the first portion (time period one 270) of the television broadcast 140 in high resolution MPEG format 250 to deliver to mobile telephone 180. Mobile telephone 180 receives, decodes and displays this packet 256, and sends an acknowledgement. Based upon the length of time it takes to receive the acknowledgement the current bandwidth of mobile telephone 180 may be re-evaluated and criteria 234 updated.
• the wireless network 170 on which mobile telephone 180 resides experiences outages, and the acknowledgment of first packet 256 takes an unusually long time.
• the mobile telephone's 180 bandwidth may be recalculated, and the set of criteria 234 updated.
• decision engine 420 reevaluates criteria 234 and a packet 268 representing the second portion (time period two 280) of television broadcast 140 in a low resolution MPEG format 260 is accordingly selected.
• Mobile telephone 180 may then receive, decode, and display this packet.
• Second packet 268 encapsulates television broadcast 140 in a different format
• none of broadcast 140 will have been dropped and the bandwidth required for transmission has been dynamically reduced to accommodate the current bandwidth capabilities of mobile telephone 180.
• the user of mobile telephone 180 wishes to continue watching the same television broadcast 140 in another format, for example if he wishes to capture still images from broadcast 140.
• user of mobile telephone 180 may indicate he wishes to have the remainder of television broadcast 140 transmitted to mobile telephone 180 in a motion JPEG format.
• Media bridge 130 may receive this request and add it to criteria 234.
• decision engine 420 During selection of the next packet to transmit to mobile telephone 180 decision engine 420 once again reevaluates criteria 234 and packet 402 representing the third portion (time period // 450) of television broadcast 140 in a low resolution motion JPEG format 400 is selected for delivery to mobile telephone 180. Again, although a viewer may notice a reduction in quality because third packet 402 encapsulates broadcast 140 in a different format, none of television broadcast 140 will have been dropped and the user's preferences will have been dynamically accommodated.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Signal Processing (AREA)
• Multimedia (AREA)
• Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
• Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
• Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
• Computer Graphics (AREA)
• Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)

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• 2003
  • 2003-09-17 AU AU2003267220A patent/AU2003267220A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-09-17 EP EP03749691A patent/EP1546911A4/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2003-09-17 WO PCT/US2003/028963 patent/WO2004027638A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation

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