EP1544206A1 - Salts of dialkylphosphinic acids - Google Patents
Salts of dialkylphosphinic acids Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1544206A1 EP1544206A1 EP04028906A EP04028906A EP1544206A1 EP 1544206 A1 EP1544206 A1 EP 1544206A1 EP 04028906 A EP04028906 A EP 04028906A EP 04028906 A EP04028906 A EP 04028906A EP 1544206 A1 EP1544206 A1 EP 1544206A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flame
- polymer
- flame retardant
- weight
- zinc
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- -1 ethyl-butyl- Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- NGKCHGKFHQDOPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihexylphosphinic acid Chemical class CCCCCCP(O)(=O)CCCCCC NGKCHGKFHQDOPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 121
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- POJWUDADGALRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N allantoin Chemical compound NC(=O)NC1NC(=O)NC1=O POJWUDADGALRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- SPWAXFLJYHRRJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(ethyl)phosphinic acid Chemical class CCCCP(O)(=O)CC SPWAXFLJYHRRJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- YSRVJVDFHZYRPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N melem Chemical compound NC1=NC(N23)=NC(N)=NC2=NC(N)=NC3=N1 YSRVJVDFHZYRPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YZEZMSPGIPTEBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n-(4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(NC=2N=C(N)N=C(N)N=2)=N1 YZEZMSPGIPTEBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine cyanurate Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1.O=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)N1 ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BPXVHIRIPLPOPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound OCCN1C(=O)N(CCO)C(=O)N(CCO)C1=O BPXVHIRIPLPOPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- POJWUDADGALRAB-PVQJCKRUSA-N Allantoin Natural products NC(=O)N[C@@H]1NC(=O)NC1=O POJWUDADGALRAB-PVQJCKRUSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960000458 allantoin Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- XFZRQAZGUOTJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 XFZRQAZGUOTJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011135 tin Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PFPSOZSOSPOAPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-(7-oxoazepane-2-carbonyl)azepan-2-one Chemical compound C1CCCC(=O)NC1C(=O)C1CCCCC(=O)N1 PFPSOZSOSPOAPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004110 Zinc silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QVJYHZQHDMNONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 QVJYHZQHDMNONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019352 zinc silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical group [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical group [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical group [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XSAOTYCWGCRGCP-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;diethylphosphinate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC XSAOTYCWGCRGCP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- MHDPBLKGZFXUOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(hexyl)phosphinic acid Chemical class CCCCCCP(O)(=O)CCCC MHDPBLKGZFXUOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KSHDLNQYVGBYHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylphosphinic acid Chemical class CCCCP(O)(=O)CCCC KSHDLNQYVGBYHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HFVKYLPSHXAMME-UHFFFAOYSA-J diethylphosphinate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC HFVKYLPSHXAMME-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- RMMXRAVNFLSFDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl(hexyl)phosphinic acid Chemical class CCCCCCP(O)(=O)CC RMMXRAVNFLSFDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004491 isohexyl group Chemical group C(CCC(C)C)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;diethylphosphinate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- XAEWLETZEZXLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)molybdenum Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O XAEWLETZEZXLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(oxo)tin Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Sn]([O-])=O BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BHTBHKFULNTCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc;tin(4+);hexahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2].[Sn+4] BHTBHKFULNTCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- XSMMCTCMFDWXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc silicate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O XSMMCTCMFDWXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 31
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 description 30
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 30
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 10
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- XZTOTRSSGPPNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphono dihydrogen phosphate;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1.OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XZTOTRSSGPPNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 6
- JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ Benzene hexachloride Chemical compound ClC1C(Cl)C(Cl)C(Cl)C(Cl)C1Cl JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920013683 Celanese Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 5
- JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)Cl JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- GATNOFPXSDHULC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CCP(O)(O)=O GATNOFPXSDHULC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000004648 C2-C8 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229920006055 Durethan® Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004957 Zytel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006102 Zytel® Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001007 Nylon 4 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000572 Nylon 6/12 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920006097 Ultramide® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- KTLIMPGQZDZPSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylphosphinic acid Chemical compound CCP(O)(=O)CC KTLIMPGQZDZPSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920006242 ethylene acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical class O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012667 polymer degradation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000004209 (C1-C8) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- GWEHVDNNLFDJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diphenylurea Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 GWEHVDNNLFDJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZMIRFCWMDNOYEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phosphorosooxyethane Chemical compound CCOP=O ZMIRFCWMDNOYEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OECUQWQIGXMPAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-oxo-6-pyrrolidin-1-ylhexanamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCC(=O)N1CCCC1 OECUQWQIGXMPAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- FACXGONDLDSNOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 FACXGONDLDSNOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HHSPVTKDOHQBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium;magnesium;dicarbonate Chemical class [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O HHSPVTKDOHQBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHZSIQDUYCWNSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethene;1,1-dichloroethene Chemical compound ClC=C.ClC(Cl)=C DHZSIQDUYCWNSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HGAZMNJKRQFZKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethene;ethenyl acetate Chemical compound ClC=C.CC(=O)OC=C HGAZMNJKRQFZKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001925 cycloalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YWJUZWOHLHBWQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanedioic acid;hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN.OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O YWJUZWOHLHBWQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- ZIWYFFIJXBGVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxotin hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Sn]=O ZIWYFFIJXBGVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMUCVNSKULGPQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanedioic acid;hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN.OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZMUCVNSKULGPQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXOUVIIITJXIKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;styrene Chemical group C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 BXOUVIIITJXIKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UHESRSKEBRADOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl carbamate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C=C.CCOC(N)=O UHESRSKEBRADOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol Chemical compound O=C.OC1=CC=CC=C1 SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003692 gamma aminobutyric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-aminobutyric acid Chemical compound NCCCC(O)=O BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001679 gibbsite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- YMAWOPBAYDPSLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine anhydride Natural products [NH3+]CC(=O)NCC([O-])=O YMAWOPBAYDPSLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPVSTMAPERLKKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycoluril Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC2NC(=O)NC21 VPVSTMAPERLKKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005555 halobutyl Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004968 halobutyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AHAREKHAZNPPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CCC=CC=C AHAREKHAZNPPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 229920005669 high impact polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004797 high-impact polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WJRBRSLFGCUECM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydantoin Chemical compound O=C1CNC(=O)N1 WJRBRSLFGCUECM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940091173 hydantoin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920006270 hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002681 hypalon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical class [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011160 magnesium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IPJKJLXEVHOKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mn+2] IPJKJLXEVHOKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000007974 melamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NYBDEQVBEYXMHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl prop-2-enoate;5-phenylpenta-2,4-dienenitrile Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C.N#CC=CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 NYBDEQVBEYXMHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethyl]-2-[[1-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethylamino]-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl]diazenyl]-2-methylpropanamide Chemical compound OCCNCCNC(=O)C(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C(=O)NCCNCCO QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornene Chemical compound C1[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFVUAUVSFDFOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCCCC(N)=O NFVUAUVSFDFOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZKGFCAMLARKROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxozinc;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Zn]=O ZKGFCAMLARKROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002927 oxygen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XRBCRPZXSCBRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonous acid Chemical class OPO XRBCRPZXSCBRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012994 photoredox catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BXRNXXXXHLBUKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperazine-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1CNC(=O)CN1 BXRNXXXXHLBUKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001627 poly(4-methyl styrene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003055 poly(ester-imide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006111 poly(hexamethylene terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003251 poly(α-methylstyrene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002480 polybenzimidazole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006123 polyhexamethylene isophthalamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005996 polystyrene-poly(ethylene-butylene)-polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enenitrile;styrene Chemical compound C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NGHMEZWZOZEZOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid;hydrate Chemical class O.O[Si](O)(O)O NGHMEZWZOZEZOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001379 sodium hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RPACBEVZENYWOL-XFULWGLBSA-M sodium;(2r)-2-[6-(4-chlorophenoxy)hexyl]oxirane-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1OCCCCCC[C@]1(C(=O)[O-])CO1 RPACBEVZENYWOL-XFULWGLBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940071182 stannate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000468 styrene butadiene styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MHSKRLJMQQNJNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthalamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(N)=O)C=C1 MHSKRLJMQQNJNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001866 very low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/30—Phosphinic acids [R2P(=O)(OH)]; Thiophosphinic acids ; [R2P(=X1)(X2H) (X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
- C07F9/301—Acyclic saturated acids which can have further substituents on alkyl
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3467—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having more than two nitrogen atoms in the ring
- C08K5/3477—Six-membered rings
- C08K5/3492—Triazines
- C08K5/34928—Salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/53—Phosphorus bound to oxygen bound to oxygen and to carbon only
- C08K5/5313—Phosphinic compounds, e.g. R2=P(:O)OR'
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L21/00—Compositions of unspecified rubbers
Definitions
- the invention relates to dialkylphosphinic salts and their use in Flame retardant compositions and flame retardant Polymer molding compounds and flame-retardant polymer moldings containing these Contain dialkylphosphinic salts.
- Dialkylphosphinic salts and processes for their preparation are known. So will in WO 99/28327 a method is described which, starting from Alkali salts of hypophosphorous acids, in two stages to phosphinic acid salts leads. These contain traces of the solvent (acetic acid) as impurities in the final product, which in the intended incorporation into plastics too undesirable side effects. Furthermore, phosphinic salts contain according to this prior art because of the use of organic Solvents in the first stage undesirable telomere By-products.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object Dialkylphosphinic salts of certain metals with a particularly low content to residual solvents, in particular acetic acid and telomeric products for To make available.
- the damage to the surrounding plastic is based on the change in the Specific viscosity (SV) of solutions of the polymer before and after To assess processing.
- SV Specific viscosity
- the damage to the surrounding plastic continues through the Melt Volume To judge index.
- the viscosity of a polymer melt with the in question additive of the viscosity of an untreated melt compared. The less the viscosity compared to an untreated one Melt drops, the cheaper.
- the telomer content is 0.1 to 5 wt .-%.
- the telomer content is particularly preferably 0.2 to 2.5% by weight.
- M is aluminum, calcium, titanium, zinc, tin or zirconium.
- R 1 , R 2 are the same or different and are methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, iso-pentyl, n-hexyl and / or iso-hexyl.
- Preferred dialkylphosphinic salts are aluminum trisdiethylphosphinate, Aluminum trismethyl ethyl phosphinate, titanyl bis diethyl phosphinate, Titanium tetrakisdiethylphosphinate, titanylbismethylethylphosphinate, Titanium tetrakismethylethylphosphinate, zinc bisdiethylphosphinate, Zinc bismethyl ethyl phosphinate and mixtures thereof.
- the telomers are also preferably those from the group C 2 -alkyl-C 4 -alkyl-phosphinic acid salts, C 4 -alkyl-C 4 -alkyl-phosphinic acid salts, C 2 -alkyl-C 6 -alkyl Phosphinic acid salts, C 4 alkyl C 6 alkyl phosphinic acid salts, C 6 alkyl C 6 alkyl phosphinic acid salts.
- the residual moisture of the invention is preferably Dialkylphosphinic salts 0.01 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.1 to 1 wt .-%.
- the average particle size of the inventive Dialkylphosphinic salts 0.1 to 1000 microns, more preferably 50 to 500 microns and especially 10 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the dialkylphosphinic salts of the invention have a preferred Bulk density of 80 to 800 g / l, more preferably 200 to 700 g / l.
- the invention also relates to the use of the invention Dialkylphosphinic salts as flame retardants.
- the invention also relates to flame retardant compositions which are at least contains an inventive Dialkylphosphinklaresalz.
- the flame retardant composition 50 according to the invention preferably contains 50 to 99.9 wt .-% of at least one Dialkylphosphinklasalzes invention and 0.1 to 50 wt .-% of at least one additive.
- the flame retardant composition according to the invention particularly preferably contains 95 to 70 wt .-% of at least one inventive Diakylphosphinklasalzes and 5 to 30 wt .-% of at least one additive.
- the additives come from the group melamine phosphate, Dimelamine phosphate, pentamelamine triphosphate, trimelamine diphosphate, Tetrakismelamine triphosphate, hexakismelamine pentaphosphate, melamine diphosphate, Melamine tetraphosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, melamine polyphosphate, Melampolyphosphat, melem polyphosphate and / or melon polyphosphate.
- the additives also come from the group of oligomeric esters of Tris (hydroxyethyl) isocyanurates with aromatic polycarboxylic acids, Benzoguanamine, tris (hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, allantoin, glycouril, melamine, Melamine cyanurate, urea cyanurate, dicyandiamide and / or guanidine.
- the additives come from the group of zinc compounds such as Zinc oxide, zinc hydroxide, tin oxide hydrate, zinc carbonate, zinc stannate, Zinc hydroxystannate, zinc silicate, zinc phosphate, zinc borate and / or zinc molybdate.
- zinc compounds such as Zinc oxide, zinc hydroxide, tin oxide hydrate, zinc carbonate, zinc stannate, Zinc hydroxystannate, zinc silicate, zinc phosphate, zinc borate and / or zinc molybdate.
- the additives preferably also originate from the group of Carbodiimides and / or (poly) isocyanates, such as carbonylbiscaprolactam and / or Styrene-acrylic polymers.
- the average particle size is preferably Flame retardant composition 0.1 to 3000 microns, preferably 0.1 to 1000 microns and in particular 1 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the invention also relates to a flame-retardant polymer molding composition containing at least one inventive Dialkylphosphinklaresalz or at least one Flame retardant composition according to the invention.
- the flameproofed polymer molding composition preferably contains 1 to 50% by weight of at least one dialkylphosphinic acid salt according to the invention or at least one flame retardant composition according to the invention 1 to 99% by weight of polymer or mixtures thereof, 0 to 60 wt .-% additives and 0 to 60 wt .-% filler.
- the flameproofed polymer molding composition preferably comprises 5 to 30% by weight of at least one dialkylphosphinic acid salt according to the invention or at least one flame retardant composition according to the invention, 5 to 90% by weight of polymer or mixtures thereof, From 5 to 40% by weight of additives and 5 to 40 wt .-% filler.
- the polymers come from the group of thermoplastic Polymers such as polyester, polystyrene or polyamide and / or the thermosetting Polymers.
- the polymer molding compound preferably has a cylindrical shape with a circular, elliptical shape or irregular base, spherical shape, pillow shape, cube shape, cuboid shape, Prism shape on.
- the length-to-diameter ratio is preferably 1 to 50 to 50 to 1, preferably 1 to 5 to 5 to 1.
- the residual moisture of the flame-retardant polymer molding composition is preferably 0.01 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.1 to 1 wt .-%.
- the invention also relates to a process for the preparation of flame-retardant Polymer molding compounds, characterized in that the inventive Dialkylphosphinic salts and / or the flame retardant compositions of the invention with the polymer granules and possibly additives in a mixer be mixed and in a compounding at higher temperatures in be homogenized the polymer melt and then the homogenized Pulled off polymer strand, cooled and portioned.
- the compounding unit preferably originates from the group of single-screw extruders, multi-zone screws or twin-screw extruders.
- the processing temperatures are preferably with polystyrene 170 to 200 ° C, Polypropylene 200 to 300 ° C, Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) 250 to 290 ° C, Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) 230 to 270 ° C, Polyamide 6 (PA 6) 260 to 290 ° C, Polyamide 6.6 (PA 6.6) 260 to 290 ° C, Polycarbonate 280 to 320 ° C.
- the effective screw length (L) of the extruder in multiples of the screw diameter (D) 4 to 200D, preferably 10 to 50D.
- the invention also relates to the use of the invention Dialkylphosphinklaresalze and / or the flame retardant compositions of the invention in flame-retardant polymer moldings.
- the invention also relates to flame-retarded polymer moldings, films, filaments and -Fasern containing the Dialkylphosphinklaresalze invention and / or the flame retardant compositions according to the invention.
- the flame-retardant polymer moldings preferably contain films, filaments and fibers From 1 to 50% by weight of dialkylphosphinic acid salts according to the invention and / or flame retardant compositions according to the invention, 1 to 99 wt .-% polymer or mixtures thereof 0 to 60 wt .-% additives and 0 to 60 wt .-% filler.
- the flame-retardant polymer moldings contain films, filaments and fibers containing From 5 to 30% by weight of dialkylphosphinic salts and / or flame retardant compositions according to the invention, 5 to 90% by weight of polymer or mixtures thereof From 5 to 40% by weight of additives and 5 to 40 wt .-% filler.
- the invention also relates to a process for the preparation of flame-retarded polymer moldings, characterized in that inventive flame-retardant polymer molding compositions by injection molding and Pressing, foam injection molding, gas injection molding, blow molding, Film casting, calendering, laminating or coating at higher temperatures is processed to the flame-retardant polymer molding.
- the processing temperatures are preferably for polystyrene 200 to 250 ° C, for polypropylene 200 to 300 ° C, for polyethylene terephthalate (PET) 250 to 290 ° C, for polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) 230 to 270 ° C, for polyamide 6 (PA 6) 260 to 290 ° C, for polyamide 6.6 (PA 6.6) 6.6 260 to 290 ° C, for polycarbonate 280 to 320 ° C.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- PA 6 polyamide 6
- PA 6.6 PA 6.6
- Protonated nitrogen bases are preferably understood to mean the protonated bases of ammonia, melamine, triethanolamine, in particular NH 4 + . Also included are the protonated bases of melamine, urea, biuret, guanidine, dodecylguanidine, biuret, allantoin, acetoguanamine, benzoguanamine, tolyltriazole, benzotriazole, 2-amino-4-methylpyrimidine, benzylurea, melamine, acetyleneurea, hydantoin, malonic acid amidamidine, dimethylurea, diphenylguanidine , 5,5-diphenylhydantoin, N, N'-diphenylurea, ethylene-bis-5-triazone, glycine anhydride, tetramethylurea, condensation products of melamine z. B. meters, melam or melon or higher condensed compounds of this type.
- the dialkylphosphinic salts of the invention have a preferred content at initiator end groups from 0.0001 to 10 mol%, more preferably 0.001 to 1 mol%.
- Initiator end groups can be at the radical chain termination at the last Remain bound molecule of the radical chain.
- dialkylphosphinic salts of the invention have preferred L color values from 85 to 99.9, more preferably 90 to 98.
- dialkylphosphinic salts of the invention have preferred a-color values from -4 to +9, more preferably -2 to +6.
- dialkylphosphinic salts of the invention have preferred b-color values from -2 to +6, more preferably -1 to +3.
- the color values are used in the Hunter system (CIE LAB System, Commission Internationale d'Eclairage). L values go from 0 (black) to 100 (white), a values from -a (green) to + a (red) and b values from -b (blue) to + b (yellow).
- Dialkylphosphinic salts is used as a flame retardant itself and / or in Flame-retardant compositions. For this they are preferred together used with other additives.
- Preferred further additives in such flame retardant compositions are e.g. Synergists as in DE-A-28 27 867, DE-A-199 33 901, DE-A-196 14 424 or DE-A-197 34 437.
- the synergists used are melamine phosphate (for example ®Melapur MP der Ciba-DSM Melapur), dimelamine phosphate, pentamelamine triphosphate, Trimelamine diphosphate, tetrakismelamine triphosphate, hexakismelamine pentaphosphate, Melamine diphosphate, melamine tetraphosphate, melamine pyrophosphate (e.g., ®Budit 311 Budenheim, ®MPP-B from Sanwa Chemicals), melamine polyphosphates, Melampolyphosphate, Melempolyphosphate and / or melon polyphosphates prefers.
- melamine phosphate for example ®Melapur MP der Ciba-DSM Melapur
- dimelamine phosphate pentamelamine triphosphate
- Trimelamine diphosphate Trimelamine diphosphate
- tetrakismelamine triphosphate hexakismelamine pentaphosphat
- melamine polyphosphates such as ®Melapur 200/70 from Ciba-DSM Melapur, ®Budit 3141, 3141 CA and 3141 CB and Melamine polyphosphate / melamine pyrophosphate of types 13-1100, 13-1105, 13-1115, MPP02-244 from Hummel-Croton and PMP-200 from Nissan.
- melamine condensation products such as melam, melem and / or melon preferred.
- synergists are condensation products of Melamine or reaction products of melamine with phosphoric acid or Reaction products of condensation products of melamine with Phosphoric acid and mixtures of said products are preferred.
- Condensation products of melamine are z. Melem, Melam or Melon or higher condensed compounds of this type and mixtures thereof and can z. Example, be prepared by a method as described in WO-A-96/16948 is described.
- the reaction products with phosphoric acid are compounds, by reacting melamine or the condensed melamine compounds like melam, melem or melon etc. with phosphoric acid.
- Examples of this are melamine polyphosphate, melampolyphosphate and melem polyphosphate or mixed polysalts, such as e.g. in WO 98/39306 are described.
- the mentioned compounds are already known from the literature and can also produced by other methods than the direct reaction with phosphoric acid become.
- Melamine polyphosphate can be prepared, for example, analogously to WO 98/45364 be by the implementation of polyphosphoric acid and melamine or analog WO 98/08898 by the condensation of melamine phosphate or Melamine pyrophosphate.
- oligomeric esters of Tris (hydroxyethyl) isocyanurates with aromatic polycarboxylic acids Benzoguanamine, tris (hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, allantoin, glycouril, melamine, Melamine cyanurate (for example ®Melapur MC or ®Melapur MC XL from Ciba-DSM Melapur), urea cyanurate, dicyandiamide and / or guanidine.
- synergists further preferred nitrogen-containing phosphates of the formulas (NH 4) y H 3-y PO 4 or (NH 4 PO 3) z, where y is 1 to 3 and z is 1 to 10,000
- Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are e.g. according to EP-A-1 024 167 oxygen compounds of Silicon, magnesium compounds, e.g. Metal carbonates of metals of the second Main group of the periodic table, red phosphorus, zinc or Aluminum compounds.
- Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, silicates, borates, stannates, mixed oxide hydroxides, oxide-hydroxide-carbonates, hydroxide-silicates or Hydroxide borates or mixtures of these substances.
- Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are magnesium compounds, e.g. magnesium oxide, Magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcite, dihydrotalcite, magnesium carbonates or Magnesium calcium carbonates.
- magnesium compounds e.g. magnesium oxide, Magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcite, dihydrotalcite, magnesium carbonates or Magnesium calcium carbonates.
- Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are calcium compounds, e.g. calcium hydroxide, Calcium oxide, hydrocalumite.
- Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are zinc compounds, e.g. Zinc oxide (e.g., zinc oxide active), Zinc hydroxide, zinc oxide hydrate, zinc carbonate (e.g., zinc carbonate basic, zinc carbonate anhydrous), stannate, hydroxystannate, basic zinc silicate, phosphate, borate (e.g.
- Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are aluminum compounds, e.g. alumina, Aluminum hydroxide, boehmite, gibbsite or aluminum phosphate.
- Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are manganese compounds, e.g. Manganese oxide, manganese hydroxide.
- Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are tin compounds, e.g. Tin oxide.
- Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are described in DE-A-199 20 276 (BASF), e.g. from the Group of carbodiimides (for example ®Stabaxol P from BASF) and / or (poly) isocyanates (e.g., ®Basonate HI 100 or ®Vestanat T 1890/100).
- BASF a Group of carbodiimides
- poly poly isocyanates
- Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are carbonylbiscaprolactam (Allinco) or styrene-acrylic polymers (®Joncryl ADR-4357 from Johnson).
- Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention come from the group of sterically hindered phenols (e.g., Hostanox OSP 1), hindered amines and light stabilizers (e.g. Chimasorb 944, hostavin types), phosphonites and antioxidants (e.g., Sandostab® P-EPQ from Clariant) and release agents (Licomont types from Clariant).
- sterically hindered phenols e.g., Hostanox OSP 1
- hindered amines and light stabilizers e.g. Chimasorb 944, hostavin types
- phosphonites and antioxidants e.g., Sandostab® P-EPQ from Clariant
- release agents Licomont types from Clariant
- dialkylphosphinic salts according to the invention are preferably used in ready-made form in flame retardant compositions.
- Forms of the invention may be coated, dust reduced, compacted, melt granulated, drop granulated, dispersed or spray granulated.
- the average particle size of the flame retardant composition of the invention is 0.1 to 3000 microns.
- the mean particle size of the invention Flame retardant composition 0.1 to 1000 microns, preferably 1 to 100 microns.
- the average particle size is the Flame retardant composition according to the invention 100 to 3000 microns, preferably 200 to 2000 microns.
- the preferred bulk density of the invention Flame retardant composition is 80 to 1500 g / l, particularly preferred 200 to 1000 g / l.
- the preferred bulk density is Flame retardant compositions according to the invention 80 to 800 g / l, more preferably 200 to 700 g / l.
- the preferred bulk density is flame retardant compositions according to the invention 200 to 1500 g / l, preferably 300 to 1000 g / l.
- the invention relates to the application of the invention Containing Dialkylphosphinklad polymer molding compositions Polymer.
- Preferred polymers according to the invention are thermoplastic and / or thermosetting polymers.
- Polymers which can be used according to the invention are thermosetting and thermoplastic Polymers.
- the polymers are polymers of mono- and Diolefins, for example polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polybutene-1, poly-4-methylpentene-1, Polyisoprene or polybutadiene and polymers of cycloolefins such e.g. of cyclopentene or norbornene; furthermore polyethylene (optionally can be crosslinked), e.g.
- High density polyethylene high density polyethylene and high molecular weight (HDPE-HMW), high density polyethylene and ultrahigh Molecular weight (HDPE-UHMW), medium density polyethylene (MDPE), polyethylene low density (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), branched Low density polyethylene (VLDPE), as well as mixtures thereof.
- HDPE high density polyethylene
- HDPE-HMW high density polyethylene and high molecular weight
- HDPE-UHMW high density polyethylene and ultrahigh Molecular weight
- MDPE medium density polyethylene
- LDPE polyethylene low density
- LLDPE linear low density polyethylene
- VLDPE branched Low density polyethylene
- the polymers are copolymers of mono- and Diolefins with each other or with other vinyl monomers, e.g. Ethylene-propylene copolymers, linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and Blends thereof with low density polyethylene (LDPE), propylene-butene-1 copolymers, Propylene-isobutylene copolymers, ethylene-butene-1 copolymers, Ethylene-hexene copolymers, ethylene-methylpentene copolymers, ethylene-heptene copolymers, Ethylene-octene copolymers, propylene-butadiene copolymers, Isobutylene-isoprene copolymers, ethylene-alkyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene-alkyl methacrylate copolymers, Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and their Copolymers with carbon monoxide, or ethylene-acryl
- Polypropylene / ethylene propylene copolymers LDPE / ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, LDPE / ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers, LLDPE / ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, LLDPE / ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers and alternating or randomized polyalkylene / carbon monoxide copolymers and mixtures thereof with other polymers, e.g. Polyamides.
- the polymers are hydrocarbon resins (e.g. C5-C9) including hydrogenated modifications thereof (e.g., tackifier resins) and Mixtures of polyalkylenes and starch.
- hydrocarbon resins e.g. C5-C9
- hydrogenated modifications thereof e.g., tackifier resins
- the polymers are preferably polystyrene (polystyrene 143E (BASF), poly (p-methylstyrene), poly (alpha-methylstyrene).
- the polymers are copolymers of styrene or alpha-methylstyrene with dienes or acrylic derivatives, e.g. Styrene-butadiene, styrene-acrylonitrile, Styrene-alkyl methacrylate, styrene-butadiene-alkyl acrylate and methacrylate, Styrene-maleic anhydride, styrene-acrylonitrile-methyl acrylate; Mixtures of high Impact strength of styrene copolymers and another polymer, e.g.
- styrene e.g. Styrene-butadiene-styrene, Styrene-isoprene-styrene, styrene-ethylene / butylene-styrene or styrene-ethylene / propylene-styrene.
- the polymers are graft copolymers of styrene or alpha-methylstyrene, e.g. Styrene on polybutadiene, styrene on polybutadiene-styrene or Polybutadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers, styrene and acrylonitrile (or methacrylonitrile) on polybutadiene; Styrene, acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate on polybutadiene; styrene and maleic anhydride on polybutadiene; Styrene, acrylonitrile and Maleic anhydride or maleimide on polybutadiene; Styrene and Maleimide on polybutadiene, styrene and alkyl acrylates or alkyl methacrylates on polybutadiene, styrene and acrylonitrile on ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymers, Styrene
- the polymers are halogen-containing polymers, e.g. Polychloroprene, chlorinated rubber, chlorinated and brominated copolymer Isobutylene-isoprene (halobutyl rubber), chlorinated or chlorosulfonated Polyethylene, copolymers of ethylene and chlorinated ethylene, epichlorohydrin homo copolymers, in particular polymers of halogen-containing vinyl compounds, such as.
- halogen-containing polymers e.g. Polychloroprene, chlorinated rubber, chlorinated and brominated copolymer Isobutylene-isoprene (halobutyl rubber), chlorinated or chlorosulfonated Polyethylene, copolymers of ethylene and chlorinated ethylene, epichlorohydrin homo copolymers, in particular polymers of halogen-containing vinyl compounds, such as.
- the polymers are polymers other than alpha, Derive beta-unsaturated acids and their derivatives, such as polyacrylates and Polymethacrylates, butyl acrylate impact-modified polymethyl methacrylates, Polyacrylamides and polyacrylonitriles and copolymers of said monomers with each other or with other unsaturated monomers, e.g. Acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers, Acrylonitrile-alkyl acrylate copolymers, acrylonitrile-alkoxyalkyl acrylate copolymers, Acrylonitrile-vinyl halide copolymers or Acrylonitrile-alkyl methacrylate-butadiene terpolymers.
- polyacrylates and Polymethacrylates butyl acrylate impact-modified polymethyl methacrylates
- Polyacrylamides and polyacrylonitriles and copolymers of said monomers with each other or with other unsaturated monomers e.g. Acrylonitrile
- the polymers are preferably polymers which differ from unsaturated alcohols and amines or their acyl derivatives or acetals such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, stearate, benzoate, maleate, Polyvinyl butyral, polyallyl phthalate, polyallylmelamine; and their copolymers with Olefins.
- the polymers are preferably homopolymers and copolymers of cyclic ethers, such as polyalkylene glycols, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide or their copolymers with bisglycidyl ethers.
- the polymers are preferably polyacetals, such as polyoxymethylene, and those polyoxymethylenes containing comonomers, e.g. Ethylene oxide; Polyacetals made with thermoplastic polyurethanes, acrylates or MBS are modified.
- the polymers are preferably polyphenylene oxides and sulfides and mixtures thereof with styrene polymers or polyamides.
- the polymers are preferably polyurethanes which differ from Polyethers, polyesters and polybutadienes with terminal hydroxyl groups on the one hand and aliphatic or aromatic polyisocyanates on the other hand derive, as well as their precursors.
- the polymers are preferably polyamides and copolyamides derived from diamines and dicarboxylic acids and / or from aminocarboxylic acids or the corresponding lactams, such as polyamide 2/12, polyamide 4 (poly-4-aminobutyric acid, nylon 4, DuPont ), Polyamide 4/6 (poly (tetramethylene adipamide), poly (tetramethylene adipamide), nylon 4/6, from DuPont), polyamide 6 (polycaprolactam, poly-6-aminohexanoic acid, nylon 6, DuPont, Akulon K122 Zytel 7301, DuPont; Durethan B 29, Bayer), polyamide 6/6 ((poly (N, N'-hexamethyleneeadipinediamide), nylon 6/6, DuPont, Zytel 101, Fa DuPont; Durethan A30, Durethan AKV, Durethan AM, Bayer, Ultramid A3, Fa BASF), polyamide 6/9 (poly (hex
- the polymers are preferably polyureas, polyimides, Polyamideimides, polyetherimides, polyesterimides, polyhydantoins and Polybenzimidazoles.
- the polymers are preferably polyesters which differ from Dicarboxylic acids and dialcohols and / or of hydroxycarboxylic acids or the derive corresponding lactones, such as polyethylene terephthalate, Polybutylene terephthalate (Celanex 2500, Celanex 2002, Celanese, Ultradur, FA. BASF), poly-1,4-dimethylolcyclohexane terephthalate, polyhydroxybenzoates, and Block polyether esters derived from hydroxyl terminated polyethers; also with polycarbonates or MBS modified polyester.
- Dicarboxylic acids and dialcohols and / or of hydroxycarboxylic acids or the derive corresponding lactones such as polyethylene terephthalate, Polybutylene terephthalate (Celanex 2500, Celanex 2002, Celanese, Ultradur, FA. BASF), poly-1,4-dimethylolcyclohexane terephthalate, polyhydroxybenzoates, and Block poly
- the polymers are preferably polycarbonates and Polyester.
- the polymers are preferably polysulfones, polyethersulfones and Polyether ketones.
- the polymers are preferably crosslinked polymers which differ from Derive aldehydes on the one hand and phenols, urea or melamine on the other hand, such as phenol-formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde and melamine-formaldehyde resins.
- the polymers are drying and non-drying Alkyd resins.
- the polymers are preferably unsaturated polyester resins which of copolyesters of saturated and unsaturated dicarboxylic acids derived polyhydric alcohols, and vinyl compounds as crosslinking agents, as well as their halogen-containing, flame-retardant modifications.
- the polymers are crosslinkable acrylic resins which are derived from substituted acrylic acid esters, e.g. of epoxy acrylates, urethane acrylates or polyester acrylates.
- the polymers are preferably alkyd resins, polyester resins and Acrylate resins containing melamine resins, urea resins, isocyanates, isocyanurates, Polyisocyanates or epoxy resins are crosslinked.
- the polymers are preferably crosslinked epoxy resins which are of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, heterocyclic or aromatic Derive glycidyl compounds, e.g. Products of bisphenol A diglycidyl ethers, Bisphenol F diglycidyl ethers prepared by conventional curing agents, e.g. Anhydrides or Amines can be crosslinked with or without accelerators.
- Derive glycidyl compounds e.g. Products of bisphenol A diglycidyl ethers, Bisphenol F diglycidyl ethers prepared by conventional curing agents, e.g. Anhydrides or Amines can be crosslinked with or without accelerators.
- the polymers are preferably mixtures (polyblends) of aforementioned polymers, e.g. PP / EPDM, polyamide / EPDM or ABS, PVC / EVA, PVC / ABS, PVC / MBS, PC / ABS, PBTP / ABS, PC / ASA, PC / PBT, PVC / CPE, PVC / Acrylates, POM / Thermoplastic PUR, PC / Thermoplastic PUR, POM / acrylate, POM / MBS, PPO / HIPS, PPO / PA 6.6 and copolymers, PA / HDPE, PA / PP, PA / PPO, PBT / PC / ABS or PBT / PET / PC.
- aforementioned polymers e.g. PP / EPDM, polyamide / EPDM or ABS, PVC / EVA, PVC / ABS, PVC / MBS, PC / ABS, PBTP /
- Compounding units which can be used according to the invention are single-screw extruders or Single screw extruders e.g. the company Berstorff GmbH, Hannover and or the Fa. Leistritz, Nuremberg.
- Compounding units which can be used according to the invention are multizone screw extruders with three-zone screws and / or short compression screws.
- Compounding units which can be used according to the invention are twin-screw extruders, for example from Coperion Werner & Pfleiderer GmbH & Co. KG, Stuttgart (ZSK 25, ZSK30, ZSK 40, ZSK 58, ZSK MEGAcompounder 40, 50, 58, 70, 92, 119, 177, 250, 320, 350, 380) and / or Berstorff GmbH, Hanover, Leistritz Extrusionstechnik GmbH, Nuremberg.
- Compounding units which can be used according to the invention are ring extruders, for example from the company 3 + Extruder GmbH, running with a ring of three to twelve small screws rotating around a static core and / or planetary roller extruders, for example from Entex, Bochum and / or degassing extruders and / or cascade extruder and / or maillefer's piebald.
- Compounding units which can be used according to the invention are compounders with counter-rotating twin screw e.g. Compex 37- or -70 grades from Krauss-Maffei Berstorff.
- Effective screw lengths according to the invention are in single-screw extruders or Single screw extruders 20 to 40D.
- Effective screw lengths according to the invention in twin-screw extruders are 8 to 48D.
- the flame-retardant polymer molding composition is preferably in granular form (Compound).
- the granules preferably have a cylindrical shape with a circular, elliptical or irregular base, spherical shape, cushion shape, cube shape, Cuboid shape, prism shape.
- the length-to-diameter ratio of the granules is 1 to 50 to 50 to 1, preferably 1 to 5 to 5 to 1.
- the granules preferably have a diameter of 0.5 to 15 mm, especially preferably from 2 to 3 mm, and preferably from 0.5 to 15 mm in length, especially preferably from 2 to 5 mm.
- the resulting granules are e.g. 10 h at 90 ° C in Circulating air oven dried.
- the SV numbers of flame-retardant according to the invention Polymer molding compositions based on polybutylene terephthalate 800 to 1400, preferably 900 to 1300 and more preferably 1000 to 1200.
- melt volume indices are according to the invention flame-retardant polymer molding compounds based on polyamide from 0 to 15 preferably, from 3 to 12 particularly preferred.
- the flame-retardant polymer molding compositions according to the invention are further used according to the invention for the production of polymer moldings.
- the flame-retardant polymer molding compositions according to the invention are suitable for the production of fibers, films and moldings, in particular for applications in the electrical and electronics sector. According to the invention, the use of the flame-retardant polymer moldings according to the invention is preferred as lamp parts such as lampholders and holders, plugs and connector strips, bobbins, housings for capacitors or contactors, as well as fuse switches, relay housings and reflectors.
- the flowability of the molding compositions was determined by determining the Melt Volume Index (MVR) at 275 ° C / 2.16 kg. A strong increase in the MVR value indicates a polymer degradation out.
- MVR Melt Volume Index
- Such a dimensionless index for assessing the compatibility of a Additives in a polymer formulation is the specific viscosity (SV value). This is derived from the determination of the viscosity of a solution of the polymer in a solvent ago. The viscosity of the polymer solution becomes the Relative viscosity of the pure solvent.
- SV value 100 * [flow time (sample solution) / flow time (LM) -1].
- dichloroacetic acid can be used for polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate also a mixture of phenol and 1,2-dichlorobenzene (1: 1, w / w) or m-cresol be used.
- polyamide sulfuric acid, formic acid or m-cresol be used.
- the molding materials were on a Injection molding machine (type Aarburg Allrounder) at melt temperatures of 240 to 270 ° C (PBT-GV) or from 260 to 290 ° C (PA 66-GV) processed into test specimens.
- the reaction was added with constant stirring by metering in a solution of 56 g (1 mol%) of 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride started in 250 ml of water and controlled by the radical starter dosing speed so that the Reaction temperature in the reactor at a jacket temperature of 80 ° C below continuous supply of ethylene at a mean pressure of about 5 bar not over 95 ° C rose.
- the dosing time was a total of 3 hours.
- the reactor was vented and allowed to come to room temperature cooled.
- the total weight was 11.7 kg. This corresponds to an ethylene uptake of 1.2 kg (100% of theory).
- a dialkylphosphinic aluminum salt To this was added a mixture of 2.64 kg (20 moles) of a 50% aqueous solution of hypophosphorous acid and 7 kg of acetic acid in a 16 L jacketed pressure reactor made of steel enamel. After heating the reaction mixture to 100 ° C was introduced via a set to 5 bar reducing valve ethylene to saturation in the reactor. Over a period of 6 h, a solution of 56 g of 2,2'-azobis (N, N'-dimethyleneisobutyramidine) dihydrochloride in 500 g of acetic acid was added with constant stirring at an ethylene pressure of 5 bar and a temperature of 100-105 ° C. evenly metered.
- a dialkylphosphinic aluminum salt To this was added 1500 g (14 moles) of sodium hypophosphite monohydrate dissolved in 7.5 kg of water and placed in a 16 L jacketed pressure reactor made of steel enamel. After the reaction mixture had been heated to 100 ° C., ethylene was introduced into the reactor through a reducing valve set to 6 bar until saturation. Over a period of 6 h, a solution of 17 g (0.5 mol%) of sodium peroxodisulfate in 300 g of water was added uniformly with constant stirring at an ethylene pressure of 6 bar and a temperature of 100-110 ° C.
- a dialkylphosphinic aluminum salt For this purpose, 1500 g (14 mol) of sodium hypophosphite monohydrate were dissolved in 7.5 kg of water and placed in a 16-L jacketed pressure reactor made of steel enamel. After heating the reaction mixture to 100 ° C was introduced via a set to 20 bar reducing valve to saturation in the reactor. Over a period of 6 h, a solution of 32 g (1 mol%) of ammonium peroxodisulfate in 300 g of water was added uniformly with constant stirring at an ethylene pressure of 20 bar and a temperature of 100-110 ° C.
- Manufacture, processing and testing of flame-retardant plastic molding compounds and plastic moldings "becomes a Mixture of 100% by weight of polybutylene terephthalate 1 on one Twin-screw extruder at 230 to 260 ° C to a polymer molding composition compounded. After drying, the molding materials on a Injection molding machine at melt temperatures of 240 to 270 ° C to Processed polymer moldings. A viscosity number of 1072 is determined. The test specimen can not be classified according to UL-94.
- production, processing and testing of flame-retardant plastic molding compounds and plastic moldings is a mixture of 70 wt .-% polyamide 6.6 and 30 wt .-% glass fibers 1 on a twin-screw extruder at 260 to 280 ° C to a Polymer molding compound compounded. After drying, the molding compositions are processed on an injection molding machine at melt temperatures of 260 to 290 ° C to give polymer moldings. A melt volume index of 5.8 cm 3 / min is determined. The test specimen can not be classified according to UL-94.
- production, processing and testing of flame-retardant plastic molding compounds and plastic moldings is a mixture of 12 wt .-% product of Example 4, 6 wt .-% melamine polyphosphate, 52 wt .-% polyamide 6 and 30 wt. -% glass fibers 2 compounded on a twin-screw extruder at 260 to 280 ° C to a flame-retardant polymer molding composition. After drying, the molding materials are processed on an injection molding machine at melt temperatures of 260 to 290 ° C to flame-retardant polymer moldings. A melt volume index of 4.9 cm 3 / min is determined. The test specimen obtains a V-0 classification according to UL-94.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze und deren Verwendung in Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen sowie flammgeschützte Polymerformmassen und flammgeschützten Polymer-Formkörper, die diese Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze enthalten.The invention relates to dialkylphosphinic salts and their use in Flame retardant compositions and flame retardant Polymer molding compounds and flame-retardant polymer moldings containing these Contain dialkylphosphinic salts.
Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze und Verfahren zu Ihrer Herstellung sind bekannt. So wird in der WO 99/28327 wird ein Verfahren beschrieben, das, ausgehend von Alkalisalzen der hypophosphorigen Säuren, in zwei Stufen zu Phosphinsäuresalzen führt. Diese enthalten Spuren des Lösungsmittels (Essigsäure) als Verunreinigungen im Endprodukt, was bei der vorgesehenen Einarbeitung in Kunststoffe zu unerwünschten Nebeneffekten führt. Des weiteren enthalten Phosphinsäuresalze nach diesem Stand der Technik wegen der Verwendung von organischen Lösungsmitteln in der ersten Verfahrensstufe unerwünschte telomere Nebenprodukte.Dialkylphosphinic salts and processes for their preparation are known. So will in WO 99/28327 a method is described which, starting from Alkali salts of hypophosphorous acids, in two stages to phosphinic acid salts leads. These contain traces of the solvent (acetic acid) as impurities in the final product, which in the intended incorporation into plastics too undesirable side effects. Furthermore, phosphinic salts contain according to this prior art because of the use of organic Solvents in the first stage undesirable telomere By-products.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze von bestimmten Metallen mit besonders geringem Gehalt an Restlösungsmittel, insbesondere Essigsäure und telomeren Produkten zur Verfügung zu stellen.The present invention is therefore based on the object Dialkylphosphinic salts of certain metals with a particularly low content to residual solvents, in particular acetic acid and telomeric products for To make available.
Überraschenderweise wurde gefunden, dass Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze mit besonders geringem Gehalt an Restlösungsmittel (Essigsäure) und telomeren Produkten eine besonders geringe Schädigung des umgebenden Kunststoffs (insbesondere Polymerabbau) bewirken, wenn sie in Kunststoffe eingearbeitet werden.Surprisingly, it was found that Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze with particularly low content of residual solvent (acetic acid) and telomeres Products a particularly low damage to the surrounding plastic (especially polymer degradation) effect when incorporated in plastics become.
Die Schädigung des umgebenden Kunststoffs ist anhand der Veränderung der Spezifischen Viskosität (SV) von Lösungen des Polymers vor und nach der Verarbeitung zu beurteilen. Je höher der SV-Wert ist, bzw. je näher beim Wert des unbehandelten Polymers, desto geringer war der Polymerabbau während der Einarbeitung des Flammschutzmittels.The damage to the surrounding plastic is based on the change in the Specific viscosity (SV) of solutions of the polymer before and after To assess processing. The higher the SV value, or the closer to the value of the untreated polymer, the lower was the polymer degradation during the Incorporation of the flame retardant.
Die Schädigung des umgebenden Kunststoffs ist weiterhin durch den Melt Volume Index zu beurteilen. Dabei wird die Viskosität einer Polymerschmelze mit dem fraglichen Zusatzstoff der Viskosität einer unbehandelten Schmelze gegenübergestellt. Je weniger die Viskosität gegenüber einer unbehandelten Schmelze abfällt, desto günstiger.The damage to the surrounding plastic continues through the Melt Volume To judge index. The viscosity of a polymer melt with the in question additive of the viscosity of an untreated melt compared. The less the viscosity compared to an untreated one Melt drops, the cheaper.
Die Erfindung betrifft daher Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze der Formel (I) worin
- R1, R2
- gleich oder verschieden sind und C1-C6-Alkyl, linear oder verzweigt;
- M
- Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Fe, Zr, Zn, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na, K und/oder eine protonierte Stickstoffbase;
- m
- 1 bis 4;
- R 1 , R 2
- are the same or different and are C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, linear or branched;
- M
- Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Fe, Zr, Zn, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na, K and / or a protonated nitrogen base;
- m
- 1 to 4;
Bevorzugt beträgt der Telomeren-Gehalt 0,1 bis 5 Gew.-%.Preferably, the telomer content is 0.1 to 5 wt .-%.
Besonders bevorzugt beträgt der Telomeren-Gehalt 0,2 bis 2,5 Gew.-%.The telomer content is particularly preferably 0.2 to 2.5% by weight.
Bevorzugt bedeutet M Aluminium, Calcium, Titan, Zink, Zinn oder Zirkonium. Preferably, M is aluminum, calcium, titanium, zinc, tin or zirconium.
Besonders bevorzugt sind R1, R2 gleich oder verschieden und bedeuten Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl, iso-Propyl, n-Butyl, iso-Butyl, tert.-Butyl, n-Pentyl, iso-Pentyl, n-Hexyl und/oder iso-Hexyl.More preferably, R 1 , R 2 are the same or different and are methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, iso-pentyl, n-hexyl and / or iso-hexyl.
Bevorzugte Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze sind Aluminiumtrisdiethylphosphinat, Aluminiumtrismethylethylphosphinat, Titanylbisdiethylphosphinat, Titantetrakisdiethylphosphinat, Titanylbismethylethylphosphinat, Titantetrakismethylethylphosphinat, Zinkbisdiethylphosphinat, Zinkbismethylethylphosphinat und Mischungen davon.Preferred dialkylphosphinic salts are aluminum trisdiethylphosphinate, Aluminum trismethyl ethyl phosphinate, titanyl bis diethyl phosphinate, Titanium tetrakisdiethylphosphinate, titanylbismethylethylphosphinate, Titanium tetrakismethylethylphosphinate, zinc bisdiethylphosphinate, Zinc bismethyl ethyl phosphinate and mixtures thereof.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Telomeren auch um solche aus der Gruppe C2-Alkyl-C4-Alkyl-Phosphinsäure-Salze, C4-Alkyl-C4-Alkyl-Phosphinsäure-Salze, C2-Alkyl-C6-Alkyl-Phosphinsäure-Salze, C4-Alkyl-C6-Alkyl-Phosphinsäure-Salze, C6-Alkyl-C6-Alkyl-Phosphinsäure-Salze.The telomers are also preferably those from the group C 2 -alkyl-C 4 -alkyl-phosphinic acid salts, C 4 -alkyl-C 4 -alkyl-phosphinic acid salts, C 2 -alkyl-C 6 -alkyl Phosphinic acid salts, C 4 alkyl C 6 alkyl phosphinic acid salts, C 6 alkyl C 6 alkyl phosphinic acid salts.
Bevorzugt beträgt die Restfeuchte der erfindungsgemäßen Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze 0,01 bis 10 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,1 bis 1 Gew.-%.The residual moisture of the invention is preferably Dialkylphosphinic salts 0.01 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.1 to 1 wt .-%.
Bevorzugt beträgt die mittlere Teilchengröße der erfindungsgemäßen Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze 0,1 bis 1000 µm, besonders bevorzugt 50 bis 500 µm und insbesondere 10 bis 100 µm.Preferably, the average particle size of the inventive Dialkylphosphinic salts 0.1 to 1000 microns, more preferably 50 to 500 microns and especially 10 to 100 μm.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze haben eine bevorzugte Schüttdichte von 80 bis 800 g/l, besonders bevorzugt 200 bis 700 g/l.The dialkylphosphinic salts of the invention have a preferred Bulk density of 80 to 800 g / l, more preferably 200 to 700 g / l.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze als Flammschutzmittel.The invention also relates to the use of the invention Dialkylphosphinic salts as flame retardants.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen, die mindestens ein erfindungsgemäßes Dialkylphosphinsäuresalz enthält. The invention also relates to flame retardant compositions which are at least contains an inventive Dialkylphosphinsäuresalz.
Bevorzugt enthält die erfindungsgemäße Flammschutzmittelzusammensetzung 50 bis 99,9 Gew.-% mindestens eines erfindungsgemäßen Dialkylphosphinsäuresalzes und 0,1 bis 50 Gew.-% mindestens eines Additives.The flame retardant composition 50 according to the invention preferably contains 50 to 99.9 wt .-% of at least one Dialkylphosphinsäuresalzes invention and 0.1 to 50 wt .-% of at least one additive.
Besonders bevorzugt enthält die erfindungsgemäße Flammschutzmittelzusammensetzung 95 bis 70 Gew.-% mindestens eines erfindungsgemäßen Diakylphosphinsäuresalzes und 5 bis 30 Gew.-% mindestens eines Additives.The flame retardant composition according to the invention particularly preferably contains 95 to 70 wt .-% of at least one inventive Diakylphosphinsäuresalzes and 5 to 30 wt .-% of at least one additive.
Bevorzugt entstammen die Additive aus der Gruppe Melaminphosphat, Dimelaminphosphat, Pentamelamintriphosphat, Trimelamindiphosphat, Tetrakismelamintriphosphat, Hexakismelaminpentaphosphat, Melamindiphosphat, Melamintetraphosphat, Melaminpyrophosphat, Melaminpolyphosphat, Melampolyphosphat, Melempolyphosphat und/oder Melonpolyphosphat.Preferably, the additives come from the group melamine phosphate, Dimelamine phosphate, pentamelamine triphosphate, trimelamine diphosphate, Tetrakismelamine triphosphate, hexakismelamine pentaphosphate, melamine diphosphate, Melamine tetraphosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, melamine polyphosphate, Melampolyphosphat, melem polyphosphate and / or melon polyphosphate.
Bevorzugt entstammen die Additive auch aus der Gruppe oligomere Ester des Tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurats mit aromatischen Polycarbonsäuren, Benzoguanamin, Tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurat, Allantoin, Glycouril, Melamin, Melamincyanurat, Harnstoffcyanurat, Dicyandiamid und/oder Guanidin.Preferably, the additives also come from the group of oligomeric esters of Tris (hydroxyethyl) isocyanurates with aromatic polycarboxylic acids, Benzoguanamine, tris (hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, allantoin, glycouril, melamine, Melamine cyanurate, urea cyanurate, dicyandiamide and / or guanidine.
Bevorzugt entstammen die Additive aus der Gruppe der Zinkverbindungen wie Zinkoxid, Zinkhydroxid, Zinnoxidhydrat, Zinkcarbonat, Zinkstannat, Zinkhydroxystannat, Zink-Silikat, Zinkphosphat, Zinkborat und/oder Zinkmolybdat.Preferably, the additives come from the group of zinc compounds such as Zinc oxide, zinc hydroxide, tin oxide hydrate, zinc carbonate, zinc stannate, Zinc hydroxystannate, zinc silicate, zinc phosphate, zinc borate and / or zinc molybdate.
Bevorzugt entstammen die Additive schließlich auch aus der Gruppe der Carbodiimide und/oder (Poly-)isocyanate, wie Carbonylbiscaprolactam und/oder Styrol-Acryl-Polymere.Finally, the additives preferably also originate from the group of Carbodiimides and / or (poly) isocyanates, such as carbonylbiscaprolactam and / or Styrene-acrylic polymers.
Bevorzugt beträgt die mittlere Teilchengröße der Flammschutzmittelzusammensetzung 0,1 bis 3000 µm, bevorzugt 0,1 bis 1000 µm und insbesondere 1 bis 100 µm.The average particle size is preferably Flame retardant composition 0.1 to 3000 microns, preferably 0.1 to 1000 microns and in particular 1 to 100 μm.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine flammgeschützte Polymerformmasse, enthaltend mindestens ein erfindungsgemäßes Dialkylphosphinsäuresalz oder mindestens eine erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittelzusammensetzung. The invention also relates to a flame-retardant polymer molding composition containing at least one inventive Dialkylphosphinsäuresalz or at least one Flame retardant composition according to the invention.
Bevorzugt enthält die flammgeschützte Polymerformmasse 1 bis 50 Gew.-%
mindestens eines erfindungsgemäßen Dialkylphosphinsäuresalzes oder mindestens
einer erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittelzusammensetzung 1 bis 99 Gew.-%
Polymer oder Mischungen derselben,
0 bis 60 Gew.-% Additive und
0 bis 60 Gew.-% Füllstoff.The flameproofed polymer molding composition preferably contains 1 to 50% by weight of at least one dialkylphosphinic acid salt according to the invention or at least one flame retardant composition according to the invention 1 to 99% by weight of polymer or mixtures thereof,
0 to 60 wt .-% additives and
0 to 60 wt .-% filler.
Bevorzugt enthält die flammgeschützte Polymerformmasse 5 bis 30 Gew.-%
mindestens eines erfindungsgemäßen Dialkylphosphinsäuresalzes oder mindestens
einer erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittelzusammensetzung,
5 bis 90 Gew.-% Polymer oder Mischungen derselben,
5 bis 40 Gew.-% Additive und
5 bis 40 Gew.-% Füllstoff.The flameproofed polymer molding composition preferably comprises 5 to 30% by weight of at least one dialkylphosphinic acid salt according to the invention or at least one flame retardant composition according to the invention,
5 to 90% by weight of polymer or mixtures thereof,
From 5 to 40% by weight of additives and
5 to 40 wt .-% filler.
Bevorzugt entstammen die Polymere aus der Gruppe der thermoplastischen Polymere wie Polyester, Polystyrol oder Polyamid und/oder der duroplastischen Polymere.Preferably, the polymers come from the group of thermoplastic Polymers such as polyester, polystyrene or polyamide and / or the thermosetting Polymers.
Bevorzugt weist die Polymerformmasse Zylinderform mit kreisförmiger, elliptischer oder unregelmäßiger Grundfläche, Kugelform, Kissenform, Würfelform, Quaderform, Prismenform auf.The polymer molding compound preferably has a cylindrical shape with a circular, elliptical shape or irregular base, spherical shape, pillow shape, cube shape, cuboid shape, Prism shape on.
Bevorzugt beträgt bei der Zylinderform das Längen-zu-Durchmesser-Verhältnis 1 zu 50 bis 50 zu 1, bevorzugt 1 zu 5 bis 5 zu 1.In the case of the cylindrical shape, the length-to-diameter ratio is preferably 1 to 50 to 50 to 1, preferably 1 to 5 to 5 to 1.
Bevorzugt beträgt die Restfeuchte der flammgeschützten Polymerformmasse 0,01 bis 10 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,1 bis 1 Gew.-%.The residual moisture of the flame-retardant polymer molding composition is preferably 0.01 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.1 to 1 wt .-%.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von flammgeschützten Polymerformmassen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erfindungsgemäßen Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze und/oder die erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen mit dem Polymergranulat und evtl. Additiven in einem Mischer vermischt werden und in einem Compoundieraggregat bei höheren Temperaturen in der Polymerschmelze homogenisiert werden und anschließend der homogenisierte Polymerstrang abgezogen, gekühlt und portioniert wird.The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of flame-retardant Polymer molding compounds, characterized in that the inventive Dialkylphosphinic salts and / or the flame retardant compositions of the invention with the polymer granules and possibly additives in a mixer be mixed and in a compounding at higher temperatures in be homogenized the polymer melt and then the homogenized Pulled off polymer strand, cooled and portioned.
Bevorzugt entstammt das Compoundieraggregat aus der Gruppe der
Einwellenextruder, Mehrzonenschnecken oder Doppelschneckenextruder.
Bevorzugt betragen die Verarbeitungstemperaturen
bei Polystyrol 170 bis 200 °C,
Polypropylen 200 bis 300°C,
Polyethylenterephthalat (PET) 250 bis 290°C,
Polybutylenterephthalat (PBT)230 bis 270°C,
Polyamid 6 (PA 6)260 bis 290°C,
Polyamid 6.6 (PA 6.6)260 bis 290 °C,
Polycarbonat 280 bis 320°C.The compounding unit preferably originates from the group of single-screw extruders, multi-zone screws or twin-screw extruders. The processing temperatures are preferably
with polystyrene 170 to 200 ° C,
Polypropylene 200 to 300 ° C,
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) 250 to 290 ° C,
Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) 230 to 270 ° C,
Polyamide 6 (PA 6) 260 to 290 ° C,
Polyamide 6.6 (PA 6.6) 260 to 290 ° C,
Polycarbonate 280 to 320 ° C.
Bevorzugt beträgt die wirksame Schneckenlängen (L) des Extruders (Compoundieraggregat) in Vielfachen des Schneckendurchmessers (D) 4 bis 200D, bevorzugt 10 bis 50D.Preferably, the effective screw length (L) of the extruder (Compounding unit) in multiples of the screw diameter (D) 4 to 200D, preferably 10 to 50D.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze und/oder der erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen in flammgeschützten Polymer-Formkörpern.The invention also relates to the use of the invention Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze and / or the flame retardant compositions of the invention in flame-retardant polymer moldings.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch flammgeschützte Polymer-Formkörper, -Filme, -Fäden und -Fasern enthaltend die erfindungsgemäßen Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze und/oder die erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen.The invention also relates to flame-retarded polymer moldings, films, filaments and -Fasern containing the Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze invention and / or the flame retardant compositions according to the invention.
Bevorzugt enthalten die flammgeschützten Polymer-Formkörper, -Filme, -Fäden und
-Fasern
1 bis 50 Gew.- % erfindungsgemäße Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze und/oder
erfindungsgemäße Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen,
1 bis 99 Gew.-% Polymer oder Mischungen derselben
0 bis 60 Gew.-% Additive und
0 bis 60 Gew.-% Füllstoff.
Besonders bevorzugt enthalten die flammgeschützten Polymer-Formkörper, -Filme,
-Fäden und -Fasern enthaltend
5 bis 30 Gew.- % Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze und/oder erfindungsgemäße
Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen,
5 bis 90 Gew.-% Polymer oder Mischungen derselben
5 bis 40 Gew.-% Additive und
5 bis 40 Gew.-% Füllstoff.The flame-retardant polymer moldings preferably contain films, filaments and fibers
From 1 to 50% by weight of dialkylphosphinic acid salts according to the invention and / or flame retardant compositions according to the invention,
1 to 99 wt .-% polymer or mixtures thereof
0 to 60 wt .-% additives and
0 to 60 wt .-% filler.
Particularly preferably, the flame-retardant polymer moldings contain films, filaments and fibers containing
From 5 to 30% by weight of dialkylphosphinic salts and / or flame retardant compositions according to the invention,
5 to 90% by weight of polymer or mixtures thereof
From 5 to 40% by weight of additives and
5 to 40 wt .-% filler.
Die Erfindung betrifft schließlich auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von flammgeschützten Polymer-Formkörpern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass erfindungsgemäße flammgeschützte Polymer-Formmassen durch Spritzgießen und Pressen, Schaumspritzgießen, Gasinnendruck-Spritzgießen, Blasformen, Foliengießen, Kalandern, Laminieren oder Beschichten bei höheren Temperaturen zum flammgeschützten Polymer-Formkörper verarbeitet wird.Finally, the invention also relates to a process for the preparation of flame-retarded polymer moldings, characterized in that inventive flame-retardant polymer molding compositions by injection molding and Pressing, foam injection molding, gas injection molding, blow molding, Film casting, calendering, laminating or coating at higher temperatures is processed to the flame-retardant polymer molding.
Bevorzugt betragen bei diesem verfahren die Verarbeitungstemperaturen
bei Polystyrol 200 bis 250 °C,
bei Polypropylen 200 bis 300°C,
bei Polyethylenterephthalat (PET) 250 bis 290°C,
bei Polybutylenterephthalat (PBT) 230 bis 270 °C,
bei Polyamid 6 (PA 6) 260 bis 290 °C,
bei Polyamid 6.6 (PA 6.6) 6.6 260 bis 290 °C,
bei Polycarbonat 280 bis 320°C.In this process, the processing temperatures are preferably
for polystyrene 200 to 250 ° C,
for polypropylene 200 to 300 ° C,
for polyethylene terephthalate (PET) 250 to 290 ° C,
for polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) 230 to 270 ° C,
for polyamide 6 (PA 6) 260 to 290 ° C,
for polyamide 6.6 (PA 6.6) 6.6 260 to 290 ° C,
for polycarbonate 280 to 320 ° C.
Unter protonierten Stickstoffbasen werden bevorzugt die protonierten Basen von Ammoniak, Melamin, Triethanolamin, insbesondere NH4 +, verstanden. Ebenfalls dazu gehören die protonierten Basen von Melamin, Harnstoff, Biuret, Guanidin, Dodecylguanidin, Biuret, Allantoin, Acetoguanamin, Benzoguanamin, Tolyltriazol, Benzotriazol, 2-Amino-4-methylpyrimidin, Benzylharnstoff, Melamin, Acetylenharnstoff, Hydantoin, Malonsäureamidamidin, Dimethylharnstoff, Diphenylguanidin, 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin, N,N'-Diphenylharnstoff, Ethylen-bis-5-triazon, Glycinanhydrid, Tetramethylharnstoff, Kondensationsprodukte des Melamins z. B. Metern, Melam oder Melon bzw. höher kondensierte Verbindungen dieses Typs. Protonated nitrogen bases are preferably understood to mean the protonated bases of ammonia, melamine, triethanolamine, in particular NH 4 + . Also included are the protonated bases of melamine, urea, biuret, guanidine, dodecylguanidine, biuret, allantoin, acetoguanamine, benzoguanamine, tolyltriazole, benzotriazole, 2-amino-4-methylpyrimidine, benzylurea, melamine, acetyleneurea, hydantoin, malonic acid amidamidine, dimethylurea, diphenylguanidine , 5,5-diphenylhydantoin, N, N'-diphenylurea, ethylene-bis-5-triazone, glycine anhydride, tetramethylurea, condensation products of melamine z. B. meters, melam or melon or higher condensed compounds of this type.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze haben einen bevorzugten Gehalt an Initiatoren-Endgruppen 0,0001 bis 10 mol-%, besonders bevorzugt 0,001 bis 1 mol-%. Initiatoren-Endgruppen können beim Radikal-Kettenabbruch an das letzte Molekül der Radikalkette gebunden bleiben.The dialkylphosphinic salts of the invention have a preferred content at initiator end groups from 0.0001 to 10 mol%, more preferably 0.001 to 1 mol%. Initiator end groups can be at the radical chain termination at the last Remain bound molecule of the radical chain.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze haben bevorzugte L-Farbwerte von 85 bis 99,9, besonders bevorzugt 90 bis 98.The dialkylphosphinic salts of the invention have preferred L color values from 85 to 99.9, more preferably 90 to 98.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze haben bevorzugte a-Farbwerte von -4 bis +9, besonders bevorzugt -2 bis +6.The dialkylphosphinic salts of the invention have preferred a-color values from -4 to +9, more preferably -2 to +6.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze haben bevorzugte b-Farbwerte von -2 bis +6, besonders bevorzugt -1 bis +3.The dialkylphosphinic salts of the invention have preferred b-color values from -2 to +6, more preferably -1 to +3.
Die Farbwerte werden im System nach Hunter (CIE-LAB-System, Commission Internationale d'Eclairage) angegeben. L-Werte gehen von 0 (schwarz) bis 100 (weiß), a-Werte von -a (grün) bis +a (rot) und b-Werte von -b (blau) bis +b (gelb).The color values are used in the Hunter system (CIE LAB System, Commission Internationale d'Eclairage). L values go from 0 (black) to 100 (white), a values from -a (green) to + a (red) and b values from -b (blue) to + b (yellow).
Die erfindungsgemäß bevorzugte Anwendung für die erfindungsgemäßen Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze ist als Flammschutzmittel selbst und/oder in Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen. Dazu werden sie bevorzugt gemeinsam mit anderen Additiven eingesetzt.The inventively preferred application for the invention Dialkylphosphinic salts is used as a flame retardant itself and / or in Flame-retardant compositions. For this they are preferred together used with other additives.
Bevorzugte weitere Additive in solchen Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen sind z.B. Synergisten wie in DE-A-28 27 867, DE-A-199 33 901, DE-A-196 14 424 oder DE-A-197 34 437 beschrieben.Preferred further additives in such flame retardant compositions are e.g. Synergists as in DE-A-28 27 867, DE-A-199 33 901, DE-A-196 14 424 or DE-A-197 34 437.
Erfindungsgemäß werden als Synergisten Melaminphosphat (z.B. ®Melapur MP der Fa. Ciba-DSM Melapur), Dimelaminphosphat, Pentamelamintriphosphat, Trimelamindiphosphat, Tetrakismelamintriphosphat, Hexakismelaminpentaphosphat, Melamindiphosphat, Melamintetraphosphat, Melaminpyrophosphat (z.B. ®Budit 311 der Fa. Budenheim, ®MPP-B der Fa. Sanwa Chemicals), Melaminpolyphosphate, Melampolyphosphate, Melempolyphosphate und/oder Melonpolyphosphate bevorzugt. Besonders bevorzugt sind Melaminpolyphosphate wie ®Melapur 200/70 der Fa. Ciba-DSM Melapur, ®Budit 3141, 3141 CA und 3141 CB und Melaminpolyphosphat/ Melaminpyrophosphat der Typen 13-1100, 13-1105, 13-1115, MPP02-244 der Fa. Hummel-Croton und PMP-200 der Fa. Nissan.According to the invention, the synergists used are melamine phosphate (for example ®Melapur MP der Ciba-DSM Melapur), dimelamine phosphate, pentamelamine triphosphate, Trimelamine diphosphate, tetrakismelamine triphosphate, hexakismelamine pentaphosphate, Melamine diphosphate, melamine tetraphosphate, melamine pyrophosphate (e.g., ®Budit 311 Budenheim, ®MPP-B from Sanwa Chemicals), melamine polyphosphates, Melampolyphosphate, Melempolyphosphate and / or melon polyphosphates prefers. Particularly preferred are melamine polyphosphates such as ®Melapur 200/70 from Ciba-DSM Melapur, ®Budit 3141, 3141 CA and 3141 CB and Melamine polyphosphate / melamine pyrophosphate of types 13-1100, 13-1105, 13-1115, MPP02-244 from Hummel-Croton and PMP-200 from Nissan.
Weiterhin sind als Synergisten Melaminkondensationsprodukte wie Melam, Melem und/oder Melon bevorzugt.Furthermore, as synergists melamine condensation products such as melam, melem and / or melon preferred.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform sind als Synergisten Kondensationsprodukte des Melamins oder Umsetzungsprodukte des Melamins mit Phosphorsäure bzw. Umsetzungsprodukte von Kondensationsprodukten des Melamins mit Phosphorsäure sowie Gemische der genannten Produkte bevorzugt. Kondensationsprodukte des Melamins sind z. B. Melem, Melam oder Melon bzw. höher kondensierte Verbindungen dieses Typs sowie Gemische derselben und können z. B. durch ein Verfahren hergestellt werden, wie es in der WO-A-96/16948 beschrieben ist.In a further embodiment, synergists are condensation products of Melamine or reaction products of melamine with phosphoric acid or Reaction products of condensation products of melamine with Phosphoric acid and mixtures of said products are preferred. Condensation products of melamine are z. Melem, Melam or Melon or higher condensed compounds of this type and mixtures thereof and can z. Example, be prepared by a method as described in WO-A-96/16948 is described.
Unter den Umsetzungsprodukten mit Phosphorsäure versteht man Verbindungen, die durch Umsetzung von Melamin oder den kondensierten Melaminverbindungen wie Melam, Melem oder Melon etc. mit Phosphorsäure entstehen. Beispiele hierfür sind Melaminpolyphosphat, Melampolyphosphat und Melempolyphosphat bzw. gemischte Polysalze, wie sie z.B. in der WO 98/39306 beschrieben sind. Die genannten Verbindungen sind bereits aus der Literatur bekannt und können auch durch andere Verfahren als die direkte Umsetzung mit Phosphorsäure hergestellt werden. Melaminpolyphosphat kann zum Beispiel analog WO 98/45364 hergestellt werden durch die Umsetzung von Polyphosphorsäure und Melamin bzw. analog WO 98/08898 durch die Kondensation von Melaminphosphat bzw. Melaminpyrophosphat.The reaction products with phosphoric acid are compounds, by reacting melamine or the condensed melamine compounds like melam, melem or melon etc. with phosphoric acid. Examples of this are melamine polyphosphate, melampolyphosphate and melem polyphosphate or mixed polysalts, such as e.g. in WO 98/39306 are described. The mentioned compounds are already known from the literature and can also produced by other methods than the direct reaction with phosphoric acid become. Melamine polyphosphate can be prepared, for example, analogously to WO 98/45364 be by the implementation of polyphosphoric acid and melamine or analog WO 98/08898 by the condensation of melamine phosphate or Melamine pyrophosphate.
Erfindungsgemäß sind als Synergisten weiterhin bevorzugt oligomere Ester des Tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurats mit aromatischen Polycarbonsäuren, Benzoguanamin, Tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurat, Allantoin, Glycouril, Melamin, Melamincyanurat (z.B. ®Melapur MC oder ®Melapur MC XL der Fa. Ciba-DSM Melapur), Harnstoffcyanurat, Dicyandiamid und/oder Guanidin. According to the invention are as synergists also preferred oligomeric esters of Tris (hydroxyethyl) isocyanurates with aromatic polycarboxylic acids, Benzoguanamine, tris (hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, allantoin, glycouril, melamine, Melamine cyanurate (for example ®Melapur MC or ®Melapur MC XL from Ciba-DSM Melapur), urea cyanurate, dicyandiamide and / or guanidine.
Erfindungsgemäß sind als Synergisten weiterhin bevorzugt stickstoffhaltige Phosphate der Formeln (NH4)yH3-yPO4 bzw. (NH4PO3)z, mit y gleich 1 bis 3 und z gleich 1 bis 10.000According to the invention as synergists further preferred nitrogen-containing phosphates of the formulas (NH 4) y H 3-y PO 4 or (NH 4 PO 3) z, where y is 1 to 3 and z is 1 to 10,000
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Stickstoffverbindungen um solche der Formeln (III) bis (VIII) oder Gemische davon worin
- R5 bis R7
- Wasserstoff, C1-C8-Alkyl, C5-C16-Cycloalkyl oder -Alkylcycloalkyl, möglicherweise substituiert mit einer Hydroxy- oder einer C1-C4-Hydroxyalkyl-Funktion, C2-C8-Alkenyl, C1-C8-Alkoxy, -Acyl, -Acyloxy, C6-C12-Aryl oder -Arylalkyl, -OR8 und -N(R8)R9 , sowie N-alicyclisch oder N-aromatisch,
- R8
- Wasserstoff, C1-C8-Alkyl, C5-C16-Cycloalkyl oder -Alkylcycloalkyl, möglicherweise substituiert mit einer Hydroxy- oder einer C1-C4-Hydroxyalkyl-Funktion, C2-C8-Alkenyl, C1-C8-Alkoxy, -Acyl, -Acyloxy oder C6-C12-Aryl oder -Arylalkyl,
- R9 bis R13
- die gleichen Gruppen wie R8 sowie -O-R8,
- m und n
- unabhängig voneinander 1, 2, 3 oder 4,
- X
- Säuren, die Addukte mit Triazinverbindungen (III) bilden können,
- R 5 to R 7
- Is hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 -alkyl, C 5 -C 16 -cycloalkyl or -alkylcycloalkyl, possibly substituted by a hydroxy or by a C 1 -C 4 -hydroxyalkyl function, C 2 -C 8 -alkenyl, C 1 - C 8 alkoxy, acyl, acyloxy, C 6 -C 12 aryl or arylalkyl, -OR 8 and -N (R 8 ) R 9 , as well as N-alicyclic or N-aromatic,
- R 8
- Is hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 -alkyl, C 5 -C 16 -cycloalkyl or -alkylcycloalkyl, possibly substituted by a hydroxy or by a C 1 -C 4 -hydroxyalkyl function, C 2 -C 8 -alkenyl, C 1 - C 8 alkoxy, acyl, acyloxy or C 6 -C 12 aryl or arylalkyl,
- R 9 to R 13
- the same groups as R 8 and -OR 8 ,
- m and n
- independent of 1, 2, 3 or 4,
- X
- Acids that can form adducts with triazine compounds (III),
Bevorzugte weitere Additive in den erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen sind z.B. nach EP-A-1 024 167 Sauerstoffverbindungen des Siliciums, Magnesiumverbindungen, z.B. Metallcarbonate von Metallen der zweiten Hauptgruppe des Periodensystems, roter Phosphor, Zink- oder Aluminiumverbindungen.Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are e.g. according to EP-A-1 024 167 oxygen compounds of Silicon, magnesium compounds, e.g. Metal carbonates of metals of the second Main group of the periodic table, red phosphorus, zinc or Aluminum compounds.
Bevorzugte weitere Additive in den erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen sind Oxide, Hydroxide, Carbonate, Silikate, Borate, Stannate, gemischte Oxid-Hydroxide, Oxid-Hydroxid-Carbonate, Hydroxid-Silikate oder Hydroxid-Borate oder Mischungen dieser Stoffe.Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, silicates, borates, stannates, mixed oxide hydroxides, oxide-hydroxide-carbonates, hydroxide-silicates or Hydroxide borates or mixtures of these substances.
Bevorzugte weitere Additive in den erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen sind Magnesiumverbindungen , z.B. Magnesiumoxid, Magnesiumhydroxid, Hydrotalcite, Dihydrotalcit, Magnesium-Carbonate oder Magnesium-Calcium-Carbonate.Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are magnesium compounds, e.g. magnesium oxide, Magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcite, dihydrotalcite, magnesium carbonates or Magnesium calcium carbonates.
Bevorzugte weitere Additive in den erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen sind Calciumverbindungen, z.B. Calciumhydroxid, Calciumoxid, Hydrocalumit.Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are calcium compounds, e.g. calcium hydroxide, Calcium oxide, hydrocalumite.
Bevorzugte weitere Additive in den erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen sind Zinkverbindungen, z.B. Zinkoxid (z.B. Zinkoxid aktiv), Zinkhydroxid, Zinkoxidhydrat, Zinkcarbonat (z.B. Zinkcarbonat basisch, Zinkcarbonat wasserfrei), -stannat, -hydroxystannat, basisches Zink-Silikat, -phosphat, -borat (z.B. Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are zinc compounds, e.g. Zinc oxide (e.g., zinc oxide active), Zinc hydroxide, zinc oxide hydrate, zinc carbonate (e.g., zinc carbonate basic, zinc carbonate anhydrous), stannate, hydroxystannate, basic zinc silicate, phosphate, borate (e.g.
Firebrake ZB, 415, 500 der Fa. Borax), -molybdate (Kemgard 911 B, Kemgard 911 C der Fa. Sherwin-Williams Company) oder -sulfide.Firebrake ZB, 415, 500 from Borax), -molybdate (Kemgard 911 B, Kemgard 911 C the company Sherwin-Williams Company) or sulfides.
Bevorzugte weitere Additive in den erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen sind Aluminiumverbindungen, z.B. Aluminiumoxid, Aluminiumhydroxid, Böhmit, Gibbsit oder Aluminiumphosphat handelt.Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are aluminum compounds, e.g. alumina, Aluminum hydroxide, boehmite, gibbsite or aluminum phosphate.
Bevorzugte weitere Additive in den erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittelzusammensetzungen sind Manganverbindungen, z.B. Manganoxid, Manganhydroxid.Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are manganese compounds, e.g. Manganese oxide, manganese hydroxide.
Bevorzugte weitere Additive in den erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen sind Zinnverbindungen, z.B. Zinnoxid.Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are tin compounds, e.g. Tin oxide.
Bevorzugte weitere Additive in den erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen sind in DE-A-199 20 276 (BASF) beschrieben, z.B. aus der Gruppe der Carbodiimide (z.B. ®Stabaxol P der Fa. BASF) und/oder (Poly)isocyanate (z.B. ®Basonat HI 100 oder ®Vestanat T 1890/100).Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are described in DE-A-199 20 276 (BASF), e.g. from the Group of carbodiimides (for example ®Stabaxol P from BASF) and / or (poly) isocyanates (e.g., ®Basonate HI 100 or ®Vestanat T 1890/100).
Bevorzugte weitere Additive in den erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen sind Carbonylbiscaprolactam (Fa Allinco) oder Styrol-Acryl-Polymere (®Joncryl ADR-4357 der Fa. Johnson).Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention are carbonylbiscaprolactam (Allinco) or styrene-acrylic polymers (®Joncryl ADR-4357 from Johnson).
Bevorzugte weitere Additive in den erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen kommen aus der Gruppe der sterisch gehinderten Phenole (z.B. Hostanox OSP 1), sterisch gehinderten Amine und Lichtstabilisatoren (z.B. Chimasorb 944, Hostavin-Typen), Phosphonite und Antioxidantien (z.B. Sandostab® P-EPQ der Fa. Clariant) und Trennmittel (Licomont-Typen der Fa. Clariant).Preferred further additives in the flame retardant compositions according to the invention come from the group of sterically hindered phenols (e.g., Hostanox OSP 1), hindered amines and light stabilizers (e.g. Chimasorb 944, hostavin types), phosphonites and antioxidants (e.g., Sandostab® P-EPQ from Clariant) and release agents (Licomont types from Clariant).
Bevorzugt wird die erfindungsgemäße Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze in konfektionierter
Form in Flammschutzmittel-Zusammensetzungen eingesetzt. Erfindungsgemäße
Formen können gecoatet, staubreduziert, kompaktiert, schmelzgranuliert,
tropfgranuliert, dispergiert oder sprühgranuliert sein.
Die mittlere Teilchengröße der erfindungsgemäßen
Flammschutzmittelzusammensetzung beträgt 0,1 bis 3000 µm. The dialkylphosphinic salts according to the invention are preferably used in ready-made form in flame retardant compositions. Forms of the invention may be coated, dust reduced, compacted, melt granulated, drop granulated, dispersed or spray granulated.
The average particle size of the flame retardant composition of the invention is 0.1 to 3000 microns.
In einer Ausführungsform beträgt die mittlere Teilchengröße der erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittelzusammensetzung 0,1 bis 1000 µm, bevorzugt 1 bis 100 µm.In one embodiment, the mean particle size of the invention Flame retardant composition 0.1 to 1000 microns, preferably 1 to 100 microns.
In einer anderen Ausführungsform beträgt die mittlere Teilchengröße der erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittelzusammensetzung 100 bis 3000 µm, bevorzugt 200 bis 2000 µm.In another embodiment, the average particle size is the Flame retardant composition according to the invention 100 to 3000 microns, preferably 200 to 2000 microns.
Die bevorzugte Schüttdichte der erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittelzusammensetzung beträgt 80 bis 1500 g/l, besonders bevorzugt 200 bis 1000 g/l.The preferred bulk density of the invention Flame retardant composition is 80 to 1500 g / l, particularly preferred 200 to 1000 g / l.
In einer Ausführungsform beträgt die bevorzugte Schüttdichte der erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittelzusammensetzungen 80 bis 800 g/l, besonders bevorzugt 200 bis 700 g/l.In one embodiment, the preferred bulk density is Flame retardant compositions according to the invention 80 to 800 g / l, more preferably 200 to 700 g / l.
In einer anderen Ausführungsform beträgt die bevorzugte Schüttdichte der erfindungsgemäßen Flammschutzmittelzusammensetzungen 200 bis 1500 g/l, bevorzugt 300 bis 1000 g/l.In another embodiment, the preferred bulk density is flame retardant compositions according to the invention 200 to 1500 g / l, preferably 300 to 1000 g / l.
Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung die Anwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze in flammgeschützten Polymerformmassen enthaltend Polymer. Erfindungsgemäß bevorzugte Polymere sind thermoplastische und / oder duroplastische Polymere.In particular, the invention relates to the application of the invention Containing Dialkylphosphinsäuresalze in flame-retardant polymer molding compositions Polymer. Preferred polymers according to the invention are thermoplastic and / or thermosetting polymers.
Erfindungsgemäß einsetzbare Polymere sind duroplastische und thermoplastische Polymere.Polymers which can be used according to the invention are thermosetting and thermoplastic Polymers.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Polymere von Mono- und Diolefinen, beispielsweise Polypropylen, Polyisobutylen, Polybuten-1, Poly-4-methylpenten-1, Polyisopren oder Polybutadien sowie Polymerisate von Cycloolefinen wie z.B. von Cyclopenten oder Norbornen; ferner Polyethylen (das gegebenenfalls vernetzt sein kann), z.B. Polyethylen hoher Dichte (HDPE), Polyethylen hoher Dichte und hoher Molmasse (HDPE-HMW), Polyethylen hoher Dichte und ultrahoher Molmasse (HDPE-UHMW), Polyethylen mittlerer Dichte (MDPE), Polyethylen niederer Dichte (LDPE), lineares Polyethylen niederer Dichte (LLDPE), verzweigtes Polyethylen niederer Dichte (VLDPE), sowie Mischungen davon.Preferably, the polymers are polymers of mono- and Diolefins, for example polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polybutene-1, poly-4-methylpentene-1, Polyisoprene or polybutadiene and polymers of cycloolefins such e.g. of cyclopentene or norbornene; furthermore polyethylene (optionally can be crosslinked), e.g. High density polyethylene (HDPE), high density polyethylene and high molecular weight (HDPE-HMW), high density polyethylene and ultrahigh Molecular weight (HDPE-UHMW), medium density polyethylene (MDPE), polyethylene low density (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), branched Low density polyethylene (VLDPE), as well as mixtures thereof.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Copolymere von Mono- und Diolefinen untereinander oder mit anderen Vinylmonomeren, wie z.B. Ethylen-Propylen-Copolymere, lineares Polyethylen niederer Dichte (LLDPE) und Mischungen desselben mit Polyethylen niederer Dichte (LDPE), Propylen-Buten-1-Copolymere, Propylen-Isobutylen-Copolymere, Ethylen-Buten-1-Copolymere, Ethylen-Hexen-Copolymere, Ethylen-Methylpenten-Copolymere, Ethylen-Hepten-Copolymere, Ethylen-Octen-Copolymere, Propylen-Butadien-Copolymere, Isobutylen-Isopren-Copolymere, Ethylen-Alkylacrylat-Copolymere, Ethylen-Alkylmethacrylat-Copolymere, Ethylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymere und deren Copolymere mit Kohlenstoffmonoxid, oder Ethylen-Acrylsäure-Copolymere und deren Salze (Ionomere), sowie Terpolymere von Ethylen mit Propylen und einem Dien, wie Hexadien, Dicyclopentadien oder Ethylidennorbornen; ferner Mischungen solcher Copolymere untereinander, z.B. Polypropylen/Ethylen-Propylen-Copolymere, LDPE/Ethylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymere, LDPE/Ethylen-Acrylsäure-Copolymere, LLDPE/Ethylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymere, LLDPE/Ethylen-Acrylsäure-Copolymere und alternierend oder statistisch aufgebaute Polyalkylen/Kohlenstoffmonoxid-Copolymere und deren Mischungen mit anderen Polymeren wie z.B. Polyamiden.Preferably, the polymers are copolymers of mono- and Diolefins with each other or with other vinyl monomers, e.g. Ethylene-propylene copolymers, linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and Blends thereof with low density polyethylene (LDPE), propylene-butene-1 copolymers, Propylene-isobutylene copolymers, ethylene-butene-1 copolymers, Ethylene-hexene copolymers, ethylene-methylpentene copolymers, ethylene-heptene copolymers, Ethylene-octene copolymers, propylene-butadiene copolymers, Isobutylene-isoprene copolymers, ethylene-alkyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene-alkyl methacrylate copolymers, Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and their Copolymers with carbon monoxide, or ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers and their salts (ionomers), as well as terpolymers of ethylene with propylene and a Diene, such as hexadiene, dicyclopentadiene or ethylidenenorbornene; furthermore mixtures such copolymers with each other, e.g. Polypropylene / ethylene propylene copolymers, LDPE / ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, LDPE / ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers, LLDPE / ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, LLDPE / ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers and alternating or randomized polyalkylene / carbon monoxide copolymers and mixtures thereof with other polymers, e.g. Polyamides.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Kohlenwasserstoffharze (z.B. C5-C9) inklusive hydrierte Modifikationen davon (z.B. Klebrigmacherharze) und Mischungen von Polyalkylenen und Stärke.Preferably, the polymers are hydrocarbon resins (e.g. C5-C9) including hydrogenated modifications thereof (e.g., tackifier resins) and Mixtures of polyalkylenes and starch.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Polystyrol (Polystyrol 143E (BASF), Poly-(p-methylstyrol), Poly-( alpha -methylstyrol).The polymers are preferably polystyrene (polystyrene 143E (BASF), poly (p-methylstyrene), poly (alpha-methylstyrene).
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Copolymere von Styrol oder alpha-Methylstyrol mit Dienen oder Acrylderivaten, wie z.B. Styrol-Butadien, Styrol-Acrylnitril, Styrol-Alkylmethacrylat, Styrol-Butadien-Alkylacrylat und -methacrylat, Styrol-Maleinsäureanhydrid, Styrol-Acrylnitril-Methylacrylat; Mischungen von hoher Schlagzähigkeit aus Styrol-Copolymeren und einem anderen Polymer, wie z.B. einem Polyacrylat, einem Dien-Polymeren oder einem Ethylen-Propylen-Dien-Terpolymeren; sowie Block-Copolymere des Styrols, wie z.B. Styrol-Butadien-Styrol, Styrol-Isopren-Styrol, Styrol-Ethylen/Butylen-Styrol oder Styrol-Ethylen/Propylen-Styrol.Preferably, the polymers are copolymers of styrene or alpha-methylstyrene with dienes or acrylic derivatives, e.g. Styrene-butadiene, styrene-acrylonitrile, Styrene-alkyl methacrylate, styrene-butadiene-alkyl acrylate and methacrylate, Styrene-maleic anhydride, styrene-acrylonitrile-methyl acrylate; Mixtures of high Impact strength of styrene copolymers and another polymer, e.g. a polyacrylate, a diene polymer or an ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer; and block copolymers of styrene, e.g. Styrene-butadiene-styrene, Styrene-isoprene-styrene, styrene-ethylene / butylene-styrene or styrene-ethylene / propylene-styrene.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Pfropfcopolymere von Styrol oder alpha-Methylstyrol, wie z.B. Styrol auf Polybutadien, Styrol auf Polybutadien-Styroloder Polybutadien-Acrylnitril-Copolymere, Styrol und Acrylnitril (bzw. Methacrylnitril) auf Polybutadien; Styrol, Acrylnitril und Methylmethacrylat auf Polybutadien; Styrol und Maleinsäureanhydrid auf Polybutadien; Styrol, Acrylnitril und Maleinsäureanhydrid oder Maleinsäureimid auf Polybutadien; Styrol und Maleinsäureimid auf Polybutadien, Styrol und Alkylacrylate bzw. Alkylmethacrylate auf Polybutadien, Styrol und Acrylnitril auf Ethylen-Propylen-Dien-Terpolymeren, Styrol und Acrylnitril auf Polyalkylacrylaten oder Polyalkylmethacrylaten, Styrol und Acrylnitril auf Acrylat-Butadien-Copolymeren, sowie deren Mischungen, wie sie z.B. als so genannte ABS-, MBS-, ASA- oder AES-Polymere bekannt sind.Preferably, the polymers are graft copolymers of styrene or alpha-methylstyrene, e.g. Styrene on polybutadiene, styrene on polybutadiene-styrene or Polybutadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers, styrene and acrylonitrile (or methacrylonitrile) on polybutadiene; Styrene, acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate on polybutadiene; styrene and maleic anhydride on polybutadiene; Styrene, acrylonitrile and Maleic anhydride or maleimide on polybutadiene; Styrene and Maleimide on polybutadiene, styrene and alkyl acrylates or alkyl methacrylates on polybutadiene, styrene and acrylonitrile on ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymers, Styrene and acrylonitrile on polyalkyl acrylates or polyalkyl methacrylates, styrene and Acrylonitrile on acrylate-butadiene copolymers, and mixtures thereof, such as. known as so-called ABS, MBS, ASA or AES polymers.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Halogenhaltige Polymere, wie z.B. Polychloropren, Chlorkautschuk, chloriertes und bromiertes Copolymer aus Isobutylen-Isopren (Halobutylkautschuk), chloriertes oder chlorsulfoniertes Polyethylen, Copolymere von Ethylen und chloriertem Ethylen, Epichlorhydrinhomound -copolymere, insbesondere Polymere aus halogenhaltigen Vinylverbindungen, wie z.B. Polyvinylchlorid, Polyvinylidenchlorid, Polyvinylfluorid, Polyvinylidenfluorid; sowie deren Copolymere, wie Vinylchlorid-Vinylidenchlorid, Vinylchlorid-Vinylacetat oder Vinylidenchlorid-Vinylacetat.Preferably, the polymers are halogen-containing polymers, e.g. Polychloroprene, chlorinated rubber, chlorinated and brominated copolymer Isobutylene-isoprene (halobutyl rubber), chlorinated or chlorosulfonated Polyethylene, copolymers of ethylene and chlorinated ethylene, epichlorohydrin homo copolymers, in particular polymers of halogen-containing vinyl compounds, such as. Polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride; and their copolymers, such as vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate or vinylidene chloride vinyl acetate.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Polymere, die sich von alpha-, beta-ungesättigten Säuren und deren Derivaten ableiten, wie Polyacrylate und Polymethacrylate, mit Butylacrylat schlagzäh modifizierte Polymethylmethacrylate, Polyacrylamide und Polyacrylnitrile und Copolymere der genannten Monomeren untereinander oder mit anderen ungesättigten Monomeren, wie z.B. Acrylnitril-Butadien-Copolymere, Acrylnitril-Alkylacrylat-Copolymere, Acrylnitril-Alkoxyalkylacrylat-Copolymere, Acrylnitril-Vinylhalogenid-Copolymere oder Acrylnitril-Alkylmethacrylat-Butadien-Terpolymere. Preferably, the polymers are polymers other than alpha, Derive beta-unsaturated acids and their derivatives, such as polyacrylates and Polymethacrylates, butyl acrylate impact-modified polymethyl methacrylates, Polyacrylamides and polyacrylonitriles and copolymers of said monomers with each other or with other unsaturated monomers, e.g. Acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers, Acrylonitrile-alkyl acrylate copolymers, acrylonitrile-alkoxyalkyl acrylate copolymers, Acrylonitrile-vinyl halide copolymers or Acrylonitrile-alkyl methacrylate-butadiene terpolymers.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Polymere, die sich von ungesättigten Alkoholen und Aminen bzw. deren Acylderivaten oder Acetalen ableiten, wie Polyvinylalkohol, Polyvinylacetat, -stearat, -benzoat, -maleat, Polyvinylbutyral, Polyallylphthalat, Polyallylmelamin; sowie deren Copolymere mit Olefinen.The polymers are preferably polymers which differ from unsaturated alcohols and amines or their acyl derivatives or acetals such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, stearate, benzoate, maleate, Polyvinyl butyral, polyallyl phthalate, polyallylmelamine; and their copolymers with Olefins.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Homo- und Copolymere von cyclischen Ethern, wie Polyalkylenglykole, Polyethylenoxyd, Polypropylenoxyd oder deren Copolymere mit Bisglycidylethern.The polymers are preferably homopolymers and copolymers of cyclic ethers, such as polyalkylene glycols, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide or their copolymers with bisglycidyl ethers.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Polyacetale, wie Polyoxymethylen, sowie solche Polyoxymethylene, die Comonomere, wie z.B. Ethylenoxid, enthalten; Polyacetale, die mit thermoplastischen Polyurethanen, Acrylaten oder MBS modifiziert sind.The polymers are preferably polyacetals, such as polyoxymethylene, and those polyoxymethylenes containing comonomers, e.g. Ethylene oxide; Polyacetals made with thermoplastic polyurethanes, acrylates or MBS are modified.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Polyphenylenoxide und -sulfide und deren Mischungen mit Styrolpolymeren oder Polyamiden.The polymers are preferably polyphenylene oxides and sulfides and mixtures thereof with styrene polymers or polyamides.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Polyurethane, die sich von Polyethern, Polyestern und Polybutadienen mit endständigen Hydroxylgruppen einerseits und aliphatischen oder aromatischen Polyisocyanaten andererseits ableiten, sowie deren Vorprodukte.The polymers are preferably polyurethanes which differ from Polyethers, polyesters and polybutadienes with terminal hydroxyl groups on the one hand and aliphatic or aromatic polyisocyanates on the other hand derive, as well as their precursors.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Polyamide und Copolyamide, die
sich von Diaminen und Dicarbonsäuren und/oder von Aminocarbonsäuren oder den
entsprechenden Lactamen ableiten, wie Polyamid 2/12, Polyamid 4 (Poly-4-aminobuttersäure,
Nylon 4, Fa. DuPont), Polyamid 4/6 (Poly(tetramethylenadipamid),
Poly-(tetramethylen-adipinsäurediamid), Nylon 4/6, Fa. DuPont),
Polyamid 6 (Polycaprolactam, Poly-6-aminohexansäure, Nylon 6, Fa. DuPont,
Akulon K122, Fa. DSM; Zytel 7301, Fa. DuPont; Durethan B 29, Fa. Bayer),
Polyamid 6/6 ((Poly(N,N'-hexamethyleneadipinediamid), Nylon 6/6, Fa. DuPont ,
Zytel 101, Fa. DuPont; Durethan A30, Durethan AKV, Durethan AM, Fa. Bayer;
Ultramid A3, Fa BASF), Polyamid 6/9 (Poly(hexamethylen nonanediamid),
Nylon 6/9, Fa. DuPont), Polyamid 6/10 (Poly(hexamethylen sebacamid),
Nylon 6/10, Fa. DuPont), Polyamid 6/12 (Poly(hexamethylene dodecanediamid),
Nylon 6/12, Fa. DuPont), Polyamid 6/66 (Poly(hexamethylene adipamide-cocaprolactam),
Nylon 6/66, Fa. DuPont), Polyamid 7 (Poly-7-aminoheptansäure,
Nylon 7, Fa. DuPont), Polyamid 7,7 (Polyheptamethylenpimelamid, Nylon 7,7,
Fa. DuPont), Polyamid 8 (Poly-8-aminooctansäure, Nylon 8, Fa. DuPont),
Polyamid 8,8 (Polyoctamethylensuberamid, Nylon 8,8, Fa. DuPont),
Polyamid 9 (Poly-9-aminononansäure, Nylon 9, Fa. DuPont),
Polyamid 9,9 (Polynonamethylenazelamid, Nylon 9,9, Fa. DuPont),
Polyamid 10 (Poly-10-amino-decansäure, Nylon 10, Fa. DuPont),
Polyamid 10,9 (Poly(decamethylenazelamid), Nylon 10,9, Fa. DuPont),
Polyamid 10,10 (Polydecamethylensebacamid, Nylon 10,10, Fa. DuPont),
Polyamid 11 (Poly-11-aminoundecansäure, Nylon 11, Fa. DuPont),
Polyamid 12 (Polylauryllactam, Nylon 12, Fa. DuPont, Grillamid L20, Fa. Ems
Chemie), aromatische Polyamide ausgehend von m-Xylol, Diamin und Adipinsäure;
Polyamide, hergestellt aus Hexamethylendiamin und Iso- und/oder Terephthalsäure
(Polyhexamethylenisophthalamid Polyhexamethylenterephthalamid) und
gegebenenfalls einem Elastomer als Modifikator, z.B. Poly-2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylenterephthalamid
oder Poly-m-phenylenisophthalamid.
Blockcopolymere der vorstehend genannten Polyamide mit Polyolefinen, Olefin-Copolymeren,
lonomeren oder chemisch gebundenen oder gepfropften
Elastomeren; oder mit Polyethern, wie z.B. mit Polyethylenglykol, Polypropylenglykol
oder Polytetramethylenglykol. Ferner mit EPDM oder ABS modifizierte Polyamide
oder Copolyamide; sowie während der Verarbeitung kondensierte Polyamide ("RIM-Polyamidsysteme").The polymers are preferably polyamides and copolyamides derived from diamines and dicarboxylic acids and / or from aminocarboxylic acids or the corresponding lactams, such as polyamide 2/12, polyamide 4 (poly-4-aminobutyric acid, nylon 4, DuPont ), Polyamide 4/6 (poly (tetramethylene adipamide), poly (tetramethylene adipamide), nylon 4/6, from DuPont), polyamide 6 (polycaprolactam, poly-6-aminohexanoic acid, nylon 6, DuPont, Akulon K122 Zytel 7301, DuPont; Durethan B 29, Bayer), polyamide 6/6 ((poly (N, N'-hexamethyleneeadipinediamide), nylon 6/6, DuPont, Zytel 101, Fa DuPont; Durethan A30, Durethan AKV, Durethan AM, Bayer, Ultramid A3, Fa BASF), polyamide 6/9 (poly (hexamethylene nonanediamide), nylon 6/9, from DuPont), polyamide 6/10 (poly (hexamethylene sebacamide), nylon 6/10, from DuPont), polyamide 6/12 (poly (hexamethylene dodecanediamide), nylon 6/12, from DuPont), polyamide 6/66 (poly (hexamethylene adipamide-cocaprolactam), nylon 6/66, DuPon t), polyamide 7 (poly-7-aminoheptanoic acid, nylon 7, DuPont), polyamide 7,7 (polyheptamethylenepimelamide, nylon 7,7,
DuPont), polyamide 8 (poly-8-aminooctanoic acid, nylon 8, DuPont),
Polyamide 8,8 (polyoctamethylene suberamide, nylon 8,8, DuPont),
Polyamide 9 (poly-9-aminononanoic acid, nylon 9, DuPont),
Polyamide 9,9 (Polynonamethylenazelamide, Nylon 9,9, DuPont),
Polyamide 10 (poly-10-amino-decanoic acid, nylon 10, DuPont),
Polyamide 10,9 (poly (decamethyleneazelamide), nylon 10,9, DuPont),
Polyamide 10,10 (polydecamethylene sebacamide, nylon 10,10, DuPont),
Polyamide 11 (poly-11-aminoundecanoic acid, nylon 11, DuPont),
Polyamide 12 (polylauryllactam, nylon 12, DuPont, Grillamid L20, Ems Chemie), aromatic polyamides starting from m-xylene, diamine and adipic acid; Polyamides prepared from hexamethylenediamine and isophthalic and / or terephthalic acid (polyhexamethylene isophthalamide polyhexamethylene terephthalamide) and optionally an elastomer as modifier, for example poly-2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene terephthalamide or poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide. Block copolymers of the aforementioned polyamides with polyolefins, olefin copolymers, ionomers or chemically bonded or grafted elastomers; or with polyethers, such as with polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or polytetramethylene glycol. Further modified with EPDM or ABS polyamides or copolyamides; and during processing condensed polyamides ("RIM polyamide systems").
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Polyharnstoffe, Polyimide, Polyamidimide, Polyetherimide, Polyesterimide, Polyhydantoine und Polybenzimidazole.The polymers are preferably polyureas, polyimides, Polyamideimides, polyetherimides, polyesterimides, polyhydantoins and Polybenzimidazoles.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Polyester, die sich von Dicarbonsäuren und Dialkoholen und/oder von Hydroxycarbonsäuren oder den entsprechenden Lactonen ableiten, wie Polyethylenterephthalat, Polybutylenterephthalat (Celanex 2500, Celanex 2002, Fa Celanese; Ultradur, FA. BASF), Poly-1,4-dimethylolcyclohexanterephthalat, Polyhydroxybenzoate, sowie Block-Polyether-ester, die sich von Polyethern mit Hydroxylendgruppen ableiten; ferner mit Polycarbonaten oder MBS modifizierte Polyester.The polymers are preferably polyesters which differ from Dicarboxylic acids and dialcohols and / or of hydroxycarboxylic acids or the derive corresponding lactones, such as polyethylene terephthalate, Polybutylene terephthalate (Celanex 2500, Celanex 2002, Celanese, Ultradur, FA. BASF), poly-1,4-dimethylolcyclohexane terephthalate, polyhydroxybenzoates, and Block polyether esters derived from hydroxyl terminated polyethers; also with polycarbonates or MBS modified polyester.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Polycarbonate und Polyestercarbonate.The polymers are preferably polycarbonates and Polyester.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Polysulfone, Polyethersulfone und Polyetherketone.The polymers are preferably polysulfones, polyethersulfones and Polyether ketones.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um vernetzte Polymere, die sich von Aldehyden einerseits und Phenolen, Harnstoff oder Melamin andererseits ableiten, wie Phenol-Formaldehyd-, Harnstoff-Formaldehyd- und Melamin-Formaldehydharze.The polymers are preferably crosslinked polymers which differ from Derive aldehydes on the one hand and phenols, urea or melamine on the other hand, such as phenol-formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde and melamine-formaldehyde resins.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um trocknende und nicht-trocknende Alkydharze.Preferably, the polymers are drying and non-drying Alkyd resins.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um ungesättigte Polyesterharze, die sich von Copolyestern gesättigter und ungesättigter Dicarbonsäuren mit mehrwertigen Alkoholen, sowie Vinylverbindungen als Vernetzungsmittel ableiten, wie auch deren halogenhaltige, schwerbrennbare Modifikationen.The polymers are preferably unsaturated polyester resins which of copolyesters of saturated and unsaturated dicarboxylic acids derived polyhydric alcohols, and vinyl compounds as crosslinking agents, as well as their halogen-containing, flame-retardant modifications.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um vernetzbare Acrylharze, die sich von substituierten Acrylsäureestern ableiten, wie z.B. von Epoxyacrylaten, Urethanacrylaten oder Polyester-acrylaten.Preferably, the polymers are crosslinkable acrylic resins which are derived from substituted acrylic acid esters, e.g. of epoxy acrylates, urethane acrylates or polyester acrylates.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Alkydharze, Polyesterharze und Acrylatharze, die mit Melaminharzen, Harnstoffharzen, Isocyanaten, Isocyanuraten, Polyisocyanaten oder Epoxidharzen vernetzt sind.The polymers are preferably alkyd resins, polyester resins and Acrylate resins containing melamine resins, urea resins, isocyanates, isocyanurates, Polyisocyanates or epoxy resins are crosslinked.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um vernetzte Epoxidharze, die sich von aliphatischen, cycloaliphatischen, heterocyclischen oder aromatischen Glycidylverbindungen ableiten, z.B. Produkte von Bisphenol-A-diglycidylethern, Bisphenol-F-diglycidylethern, die mittels üblichen Härtern wie z.B. Anhydriden oder Aminen mit oder ohne Beschleunigern vernetzt werden. The polymers are preferably crosslinked epoxy resins which are of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, heterocyclic or aromatic Derive glycidyl compounds, e.g. Products of bisphenol A diglycidyl ethers, Bisphenol F diglycidyl ethers prepared by conventional curing agents, e.g. Anhydrides or Amines can be crosslinked with or without accelerators.
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Polymeren um Mischungen (Polyblends) der vorgenannten Polymeren, wie z.B. PP/EPDM, Polyamid/EPDM oder ABS, PVC/EVA, PVC/ABS, PVC/MBS, PC/ABS, PBTP/ABS, PC/ASA, PC/PBT, PVC/CPE, PVC/Acrylate, POM/thermoplastisches PUR, PC/thermoplastisches PUR, POM/Acrylat, POM/MBS, PPO/HIPS, PPO/PA 6.6 und Copolymere, PA/HDPE, PA/PP, PA/PPO, PBT/PC/ABS oder PBT/PET/PC.The polymers are preferably mixtures (polyblends) of aforementioned polymers, e.g. PP / EPDM, polyamide / EPDM or ABS, PVC / EVA, PVC / ABS, PVC / MBS, PC / ABS, PBTP / ABS, PC / ASA, PC / PBT, PVC / CPE, PVC / Acrylates, POM / Thermoplastic PUR, PC / Thermoplastic PUR, POM / acrylate, POM / MBS, PPO / HIPS, PPO / PA 6.6 and copolymers, PA / HDPE, PA / PP, PA / PPO, PBT / PC / ABS or PBT / PET / PC.
Erfindungsgemäß einsetzbare Compoundieraggregate sind Einwellenextruder bzw. Einschneckenextruder z.B. der Fa. Berstorff GmbH, Hannover und oder der Fa. Leistritz, Nürnberg.Compounding units which can be used according to the invention are single-screw extruders or Single screw extruders e.g. the company Berstorff GmbH, Hannover and or the Fa. Leistritz, Nuremberg.
Erfindungsgemäß einsetzbare Compoundieraggregate sind Mehrzonenschnecken-Extruder mit Dreizonenschnecken und/oder Kurzkompressionsschnecken.Compounding units which can be used according to the invention are multizone screw extruders with three-zone screws and / or short compression screws.
Erfindungsgemäß einsetzbare Compoundieraggregate sind auch Ko-Kneter z.B. von Fa. Coperion Buss Compounding Systems, CH-Pratteln, z.B. MDK/E46-11 D und/oder Laborkneter (MDK 46 der Firma Buss, Schweiz mit L=11 D).Compounding units which can be used according to the invention are also co-kneaders, e.g. from Coperion Buss Compounding Systems, CH-Pratteln, e.g. MDK / E46-11 D and / or laboratory kneader (MDK 46 from Buss, Switzerland with L = 11 D).
Erfindungsgemäß einsetzbare Compoundieraggregate sind
Doppelschneckenextruder z.B. der Fa. Coperion Werner & Pfleiderer GmbH & Co.
KG, Stuttgart (ZSK 25, ZSK30, ZSK 40, ZSK 58, ZSK MEGAcompounder 40, 50, 58,
70, 92, 119, 177, 250, 320, 350, 380) und/oder der Fa. Berstorff GmbH, Hannover,
Leistritz Extrusionstechnik GmbH, Nürnberg.
Erfindungsgemäß einsetzbare Compoundieraggregate sind Ring-Extruder z.B. der
Fa. 3+Extruder GmbH, Laufen mit einem Ring von drei bis zwölf kleinen Schnecken,
die um einem statischen Kern rotieren und/oder Planetwalzenextruder z.B. der Fa.
Entex, Bochum und/oder Entgasungs-Extruder und/oder Kaskadenextruder und/oder
Maillefer-Schecken.Compounding units which can be used according to the invention are twin-screw extruders, for example from Coperion Werner & Pfleiderer GmbH & Co. KG, Stuttgart (ZSK 25, ZSK30, ZSK 40, ZSK 58, ZSK MEGAcompounder 40, 50, 58, 70, 92, 119, 177, 250, 320, 350, 380) and / or Berstorff GmbH, Hanover, Leistritz Extrusionstechnik GmbH, Nuremberg.
Compounding units which can be used according to the invention are ring extruders, for example from the company 3 + Extruder GmbH, running with a ring of three to twelve small screws rotating around a static core and / or planetary roller extruders, for example from Entex, Bochum and / or degassing extruders and / or cascade extruder and / or maillefer's piebald.
Erfindungsgemäß einsetzbare Compoundieraggregate sind Compounder mit gegenläufiger Doppelschnecke z.B. Compex 37- bzw. -70-Typen der Fa. Krauss-Maffei Berstorff. Compounding units which can be used according to the invention are compounders with counter-rotating twin screw e.g. Compex 37- or -70 grades from Krauss-Maffei Berstorff.
Erfindungsgemäße wirksame Schneckenlängen sind bei Einwellenextrudern bzw. Einschneckenextrudern 20 bis 40D.Effective screw lengths according to the invention are in single-screw extruders or Single screw extruders 20 to 40D.
Erfindungsgemäße wirksame Schneckenlängen (L) bei Mehrzonenschneckenextudern sind z.B. 25D mit Einzugzone (L=10D), Übergangszone (L=6D), Ausstoßzone (L=9D).Effective screw lengths (L) according to the invention Multi-zone screw extruders are e.g. 25D with feed zone (L = 10D), Transition zone (L = 6D), discharge zone (L = 9D).
Erfindungsgemäßen wirksame Schneckenlängen bei Doppelschneckenextrudern sind 8 bis 48D.Effective screw lengths according to the invention in twin-screw extruders are 8 to 48D.
Die flammgeschützte Polymerformmasse liegt bevorzugt in Granulatform (Compound) vor. Das Granulat hat bevorzugt Zylinderform mit kreisförmiger, elliptischer oder unregelmäßiger Grundfläche, Kugelform, Kissenform, Würfelform, Quaderform, Prismenform.The flame-retardant polymer molding composition is preferably in granular form (Compound). The granules preferably have a cylindrical shape with a circular, elliptical or irregular base, spherical shape, cushion shape, cube shape, Cuboid shape, prism shape.
Das Längen-zu-Durchmesser-Verhältnis des Granulates beträgt 1 zu 50 bis 50 zu 1, bevorzugt 1 zu 5 bis 5 zu 1.The length-to-diameter ratio of the granules is 1 to 50 to 50 to 1, preferably 1 to 5 to 5 to 1.
Das Granulat hat bevorzugt einen Durchmesser von 0,5 bis 15mm, besonders bevorzugt von 2 bis 3 mm und bevorzugt eine Länge von 0,5 bis 15mm, besonders bevorzugt von 2 bis 5 mm. Das erhaltene Granulat wird z.B. 10 h bei 90°C im Umluftofen getrocknet.The granules preferably have a diameter of 0.5 to 15 mm, especially preferably from 2 to 3 mm, and preferably from 0.5 to 15 mm in length, especially preferably from 2 to 5 mm. The resulting granules are e.g. 10 h at 90 ° C in Circulating air oven dried.
Erfindungsgemäß sind die SV-Zahlen von erfindungsgemäß flammgeschützten Polymerformmassen auf Basis Polybutylenterephthalat 800 bis 1400, bevorzugt 900 bis 1300 und besonders bevorzugt 1000 bis 1200.According to the invention, the SV numbers of flame-retardant according to the invention Polymer molding compositions based on polybutylene terephthalate 800 to 1400, preferably 900 to 1300 and more preferably 1000 to 1200.
Erfindungsgemäß sind Melt Volume Indizes von erfindungsgemäß flammgeschützten Polymerformmassen auf Basis von Polyamid von 0 bis 15 bevorzugt, von 3 bis 12 besonders bevorzugt.According to the invention, melt volume indices are according to the invention flame-retardant polymer molding compounds based on polyamide from 0 to 15 preferably, from 3 to 12 particularly preferred.
Die erfindungsgemäßen flammgeschützten Polymerformmassen werden erfindungsgemäß weiter zur Erzeugung von Polymer-Formkörpern verwendet. The flame-retardant polymer molding compositions according to the invention are further used according to the invention for the production of polymer moldings.
Die erfindungsgemäßen flammgeschützten Polymerformmassen eignen sich zur
Herstellung von Fasern, Folien und Formkörpern, insbesondere für Anwendungen im
Elektro- und Elektronikbereich.
Erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt ist die Anwendung der erfindungsgemäßen
flammgeschützten Polymer-Formkörpern als Lampenteile wie Lampenfassungen
und -halterungen, Stecker und Steckerleisten, Spulenkörper, Gehäuse für
Kondensatoren oder Schaltschütze sowie Sicherungsschalter, Relaisgehäuse und
Reflektoren.The flame-retardant polymer molding compositions according to the invention are suitable for the production of fibers, films and moldings, in particular for applications in the electrical and electronics sector.
According to the invention, the use of the flame-retardant polymer moldings according to the invention is preferred as lamp parts such as lampholders and holders, plugs and connector strips, bobbins, housings for capacitors or contactors, as well as fuse switches, relay housings and reflectors.
Die Fließfähigkeit der Formmassen wurde durch Ermittlung des Melt Volume Index (MVR) bei 275°C/2,16 kg bestimmt. Ein starker Anstieg des MVR-Wertes deutet auf einen Polymerabbau hin.The flowability of the molding compositions was determined by determining the Melt Volume Index (MVR) at 275 ° C / 2.16 kg. A strong increase in the MVR value indicates a polymer degradation out.
Eine solche dimensionslose Kennzahl zur Beurteilung der Verträglichkeit eines Additives in einer Polymer-Formulierung ist die spezifische Viskosität (SV-Wert). Diese leitet sich aus der Bestimmung der Viskosität einer Lösung des Polymers in einem Lösungsmittel her. Dabei wird die Viskosität der Polymerlösung zu der Viskosität des reinen Lösungsmittels ins Verhältnis gesetzt.Such a dimensionless index for assessing the compatibility of a Additives in a polymer formulation is the specific viscosity (SV value). This is derived from the determination of the viscosity of a solution of the polymer in a solvent ago. The viscosity of the polymer solution becomes the Relative viscosity of the pure solvent.
0,5 g der Polymerprobe (z.B. PBT) wurden mit 50ml Dichloressigsäure (LM) in einen
250 ml Erlenmeyerkolben mit Schliffstopfen eingewogen. Die Probe wurde unter
Rühren bei 25°C über einen Zeitraum von 16h gelöst. Die Lösung wird über eine
G1-Glasfritte filtriert. 20 ml der Lösung wurden in die Kapillare gefüllt, in das
(Ubbelohde-) Kapillarviskosimeter eingehängt und auf 25°C temperiert. Der SV-Wert
errechnet sich nach der Formel:
Statt Dichloressigsäure kann für Polyethylenterephthalat und Polybutylenterephtalat auch ein Gemisch von Phenol und 1,2-Dichlorbenzol (1:1, w/w) oder m-Kresol eingesetzt werden. Für Polyamid können Schwefelsäure, Ameisensäure oder m-Kresol verwendet werden. Instead dichloroacetic acid can be used for polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate also a mixture of phenol and 1,2-dichlorobenzene (1: 1, w / w) or m-cresol be used. For polyamide, sulfuric acid, formic acid or m-cresol be used.
Herstellung, Verarbeitung und Prüfung von flammgeschützten Kunststoffformmassen
und Kunststoff-Formkörpern
Die Flammschutzkomponenten wurden mit dem Polymergranulat und evtl. Additiven
vermischt und auf einem Doppelschneckenextruder (Typ Leistritz LSM 30/34) bei
Temperaturen von 230 bis 260°C (PBT-GV) bzw. von 260 bis 280°C (PA 66-GV)
eingearbeitet. Der homogenisierte Polymerstrang wurde abgezogen, im Wasserbad
gekühlt und anschließend granuliert.Production, processing and testing of flame-retardant plastic molding compounds and plastic moldings
The flame retardant components were mixed with the polymer granules and any additives and applied on a twin-screw extruder (type Leistritz LSM 30/34) at temperatures of 230 to 260 ° C (PBT-GV) or from 260 to 280 ° C (PA 66-GV). incorporated. The homogenized polymer strand was stripped off, cooled in a water bath and then granulated.
Nach ausreichender Trocknung wurden die Formmassen auf einer Spritzgießmaschine (Typ Aarburg Allrounder) bei Massetemperaturen von 240 bis 270°C (PBT-GV) bzw. von 260 bis 290°C (PA 66-GV) zu Prüfkörpern verarbeitet.After sufficient drying, the molding materials were on a Injection molding machine (type Aarburg Allrounder) at melt temperatures of 240 to 270 ° C (PBT-GV) or from 260 to 290 ° C (PA 66-GV) processed into test specimens.
An Prüfkörpern aus jeder Mischung wurden die Brandklasse UL 94 (Underwriter Laboratories) an Probekörpern der Dicke 1,5 mm bestimmt.On specimens from each mixture were the fire class UL 94 (Underwriter Laboratories) was determined on specimens of thickness 1.5 mm.
Nach UL 94 ergeben sich folgende Brandklassen:According to UL 94, the following fire classes result:
V-0 kein Nachbrennen länger als 10 sec, Summe der Nachbrennzeiten bei 10
Beflammungen nicht größer als 50 sec, kein brennendes Abtropfen, kein
vollständiges Abbrennen der Probe, kein Nachglühen der Proben länger als 30 sec
nach Beflammungsende
Die Erfindung wird durch die nachstehenden Beispiele näher erläutert. The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Es wird zunächst ein Dialkylphosphinsäure-Aluminiumsalz hergestellt. Dazu wurden 2,2 kg (20,7 Mol) Natriumhypophosphit-1-hydrat in 8 kg (7,62 I) Essigsäure gelöst und in einem 16-I-Doppelmantel-Druckreaktor aus Stahl-Emaille vorgelegt. Nach Aufheizen der Reaktionsmischung auf 85°C wurde über ein auf 5 bar eingestelltes Reduzierventil Ethylen bis zur Sättigung in den Reaktor eingeleitet. Die Reaktion wurde unter ständigem Rühren durch Zudosieren einer Lösung von 56 g (1 Mol-%) 2,2'-Azobis(2-amidinopropan)dihydrochlorid in 250 ml Wasser gestartet und über die Radikalstarter-Dosier-Geschwindigkeit so gesteuert, dass die Reaktionstemperatur im Reaktor bei einer Manteltemperatur von 80°C unter ständiger Zufuhr von Ethylen bei einem mittleren Druck von etwa 5 bar nicht über 95°C stieg. Die Dosierzeit betrug insgesamt 3 Stunden. Danach ließ man noch 3 h bei 85°C nachreagieren. Der Reaktor wurde entspannt und auf Raumtemperatur abgekühlt. Die Gesamt-Auswaage betrug 11,7 kg. Dies entspricht einer Ethylen-Aufnahme von 1,2 kg (100 % der Theorie).It is first prepared a dialkylphosphinic aluminum salt. In addition were 2.2 kg (20.7 mol) of sodium hypophosphite 1 hydrate dissolved in 8 kg (7.62 l) of acetic acid and presented in a 16-l jacketed pressure reactor made of steel enamel. To Heating the reaction mixture to 85 ° C was over a set to 5 bar Reducing valve ethylene is introduced to saturation in the reactor. The reaction was added with constant stirring by metering in a solution of 56 g (1 mol%) of 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride started in 250 ml of water and controlled by the radical starter dosing speed so that the Reaction temperature in the reactor at a jacket temperature of 80 ° C below continuous supply of ethylene at a mean pressure of about 5 bar not over 95 ° C rose. The dosing time was a total of 3 hours. Then left for 3 h react at 85 ° C. The reactor was vented and allowed to come to room temperature cooled. The total weight was 11.7 kg. This corresponds to an ethylene uptake of 1.2 kg (100% of theory).
800 g der erhaltenen Mischung aus hauptsächlich Diethylphosphinsäure-Na-Salz wurden in 2500 ml Essigsäure gelöst und anschließend 38 g (0,48 Mol) Aluminiumhydroxid zugegeben. Dann wurde für etwa 4 Stunden unter Rückfluss erhitzt, abgekühlt und abfiltriert. Der erhaltene Feststoff wurde zuerst mit 1 Liter Eisessig, dann mit 1 Liter dest. Wasser und zuletzt mit 500 ml Aceton gewaschen, und dann bei 130°C im Vakuum getrocknet.800 g of the resulting mixture of mainly diethylphosphinic Na salt were dissolved in 2500 ml of acetic acid and then 38 g (0.48 mol) of aluminum hydroxide added. Then refluxed for about 4 hours, cooled and filtered off. The solid obtained was first treated with 1 liter of glacial acetic acid, then with 1 liter of dist. Water and finally washed with 500 ml of acetone, and then dried at 130 ° C in a vacuum.
Das Produkt hat folgende Zusammensetzung:
Es wird zunächst ein Dialkylphosphinsäure-Aluminiumsalz hergestellt. Dazu wurden ein Gemisch von 2,64 kg (20 Mol) einer 50 %igen wässrigen Lösung von hypophosphorigen Säure und 7 kg Essigsäure in einem 16-L-Doppelmantel Druckreaktor aus Stahl-Emaille vorgelegt. Nach Aufheizen der Reaktionsmischung auf 100°C wurde über ein auf 5 bar eingestelltes Reduzierventil Ethylen bis zur Sättigung in den Reaktor eingeleitet. Über einen Zeitraum von 6 h wurde unter ständigem Rühren bei einem Ethylendruck von 5 bar und einer Temperatur von 100-105°C eine Lösung von 56 g 2,2'-Azobis(N,N'-dimethylenisobutyramidin)-dihydrochlorid in 500 g Essigsäure gleichmäßig zudosiert. Nach einer Nachreaktionszeit von 1 h, Entspannung des Reaktors und Abkühlung auf Raumtemperatur wurde die erhaltene Lösung wurde am Rotationsverdampfer weitestgehend vom Lösungsmittel Essigsäure befreit und anschließend mit 10 l Wasser versetzt. Innerhalb von einer Stunde wurden 4500 g (3,5 Mol) einer 46 %igen wässrigen Lösung von Al2(SO4)3·14 H2O zugefügt. Anschließend wurde der erhaltene Feststoff abfiltriert, nacheinander 2 mal mit je 2 l Wasser gewaschen und bei 130°C im Vakuum getrocknet.It is first prepared a dialkylphosphinic aluminum salt. To this was added a mixture of 2.64 kg (20 moles) of a 50% aqueous solution of hypophosphorous acid and 7 kg of acetic acid in a 16 L jacketed pressure reactor made of steel enamel. After heating the reaction mixture to 100 ° C was introduced via a set to 5 bar reducing valve ethylene to saturation in the reactor. Over a period of 6 h, a solution of 56 g of 2,2'-azobis (N, N'-dimethyleneisobutyramidine) dihydrochloride in 500 g of acetic acid was added with constant stirring at an ethylene pressure of 5 bar and a temperature of 100-105 ° C. evenly metered. After a reaction time of 1 h, relaxation of the reactor and cooling to room temperature, the resulting solution was largely freed from the solvent on a rotary evaporator acetic acid and then treated with 10 l of water. Within one hour, 4500 g (3.5 mol) of a 46% aqueous solution of Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 .14H 2 O was added. Subsequently, the solid obtained was filtered off, washed successively 2 times with 2 l of water and dried at 130 ° C in a vacuum.
Das Produkt hat folgende Zusammensetzung:
Es wird zunächst ein Dialkylphosphinsäure-Aluminiumsalz hergestellt. Dazu wurden 1500 g (14 Mol) Natriumhypophosphit-Monohydrat wurden in 7,5 kg Wasser gelöst und in einem 16-L-Doppelmantel Druckreaktor aus Stahl-Emaille vorgelegt. Nach Aufheizen der Reaktionsmischung auf 100°C wurde über ein auf 6 bar eingestelltes Reduzierventil Ethylen bis zur Sättigung in den Reaktor eingeleitet. Über einen Zeitraum von 6 h wurde unter ständigem Rühren bei einem Ethylendruck von 6 bar und einer Temperatur von 100-110°C eine Lösung von 17 g (0,5 Mol-%) Natriumperoxodisulfat in 300 g Wasser gleichmäßig zudosiert. Nach einer Nachreaktionszeit von 1 h, Entspannung des Reaktors und Abkühlung auf ca. 90°C wurde innerhalb von 60 min 3000 g (4,67 Mol Aluminium) einer 46 %igen wässrigen Lösung von Al2(SO4)3·14 H2O zugefügt. Anschließend wurde der erhaltene Feststoff abfiltriert, mit 2 l heißem Wasser gewaschen und bei 130°C im Vakuum getrocknet. It is first prepared a dialkylphosphinic aluminum salt. To this was added 1500 g (14 moles) of sodium hypophosphite monohydrate dissolved in 7.5 kg of water and placed in a 16 L jacketed pressure reactor made of steel enamel. After the reaction mixture had been heated to 100 ° C., ethylene was introduced into the reactor through a reducing valve set to 6 bar until saturation. Over a period of 6 h, a solution of 17 g (0.5 mol%) of sodium peroxodisulfate in 300 g of water was added uniformly with constant stirring at an ethylene pressure of 6 bar and a temperature of 100-110 ° C. After a post-reaction time of 1 h, relaxation of the reactor and cooling to about 90 ° C was within 60 min 3000 g (4.67 moles of aluminum) of a 46% aqueous solution of Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 · 14 H 2 O added. Subsequently, the solid obtained was filtered off, washed with 2 l of hot water and dried at 130 ° C in a vacuum.
Das Produkt hat folgende Zusammensetzung:
Wie in Beispiel 3 wird zunächst ein Dialkylphosphinsäure-Aluminiumsalz hergestellt.
Das Produkt hat folgende Zusammensetzung:
Es wird zunächst ein Dialkylphosphinsäure-Aluminiumsalz hergestellt. Dazu wurden 1500 g (14 Mol) Natriumhypophosphit-Monohydrat in 7,5 kg Wasser gelöst und in einem 16-L-Doppelmantel Druckreaktor aus Stahl-Emaille vorgelegt. Nach Aufheizen der Reaktionsmischung auf 100°C wurde über ein auf 20 bar eingestelltes Reduzierventil Ethylen bis zur Sättigung in den Reaktor eingeleitet. Über einen Zeitraum von 6 h wurde unter ständigem Rühren bei einem Ethylendruck von 20 bar und einer Temperatur von 100-110°C eine Lösung von 32 g (1 Mol-%) Ammoniumperoxodisulfat in 300 g Wasser gleichmäßig zudosiert. Nach einer Nachreaktionszeit von 1 h, Entspannung des Reaktors und Abkühlung auf ca. 90°C wurde innerhalb von 60 min 3000 g (4,67 Mol Aluminium) einer 46%-igen wässrigen Lösung von Al2(SO4)3· 14 H2O zugefügt. Anschließend wurde der erhaltene Feststoff abfiltriert, mit 2 l heißem Wasser gewaschen und bei 130°C im Vakuum getrocknet.It is first prepared a dialkylphosphinic aluminum salt. For this purpose, 1500 g (14 mol) of sodium hypophosphite monohydrate were dissolved in 7.5 kg of water and placed in a 16-L jacketed pressure reactor made of steel enamel. After heating the reaction mixture to 100 ° C was introduced via a set to 20 bar reducing valve to saturation in the reactor. Over a period of 6 h, a solution of 32 g (1 mol%) of ammonium peroxodisulfate in 300 g of water was added uniformly with constant stirring at an ethylene pressure of 20 bar and a temperature of 100-110 ° C. After a post-reaction time of 1 h, relaxation of the reactor and cooling to about 90 ° C was within 60 min 3000 g (4.67 moles of aluminum) of a 46% aqueous solution of Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 · 14 H 2 O added. Subsequently, the solid obtained was filtered off, washed with 2 l of hot water and dried at 130 ° C in a vacuum.
Das Produkt hat folgende Zusammensetzung:
Gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift "Herstellung, Verarbeitung und Prüfung von flammgeschützten Kunststoffformmassen und Kunststoff-Formkörpern" wird eine Mischung von 100 Gew.-% Polybutylenterephtalat 1 auf einem Doppelschneckenextruder bei 230 bis 260 °C zu einer Polymerformmasse compoundiert. Nach Trocknung werden die Formmassen auf einer Spritzgießmaschine bei Massetemperaturen von 240 bis 270 °C zu Polymerformkörpern verarbeitet. Es wird eine Viskositätszahl von 1072 bestimmt. Der Prüfkörper ist nach UL-94 nicht klassifizierbar.In accordance with the general rule "Manufacture, processing and testing of flame-retardant plastic molding compounds and plastic moldings "becomes a Mixture of 100% by weight of polybutylene terephthalate 1 on one Twin-screw extruder at 230 to 260 ° C to a polymer molding composition compounded. After drying, the molding materials on a Injection molding machine at melt temperatures of 240 to 270 ° C to Processed polymer moldings. A viscosity number of 1072 is determined. The test specimen can not be classified according to UL-94.
Gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift "Herstellung, Verarbeitung und Prüfung von flammgeschützten Kunststoffformmassen und Kunststoff-Formkörpern" wird eine Mischung von 25 Gew.-% Produkt aus Beispiel 1 und 75 Gew.-% Polybutylenterephtalat 1 auf einem Doppelschnecken-Extruder bei 230 bis 260°C zu einer flammgeschützten Polymerformmasse compoundiert. Nach Trocknung werden die Formmassen auf einer Spritzgießmaschine bei Massetemperaturen von 240 bis 270 °C zu flammgeschützten Polymerformkörpern verarbeitet. Es wird eine Viskositätszahl von 719 bestimmt. Der Prüfkörper erlangt nach UL-94 eine V-2 Klassifikation.In accordance with the general rule "Manufacture, processing and testing of flame-retardant plastic molding compounds and plastic moldings "becomes a Mixture of 25% by weight of product from Example 1 and 75% by weight Polybutylene terephthalate 1 on a twin-screw extruder at 230 to 260 ° C. a flame-retardant polymer molding compound compounded. After drying the molding compositions on an injection molding machine at melt temperatures of 240 to 270 ° C to flame-retardant polymer moldings processed. It will be one Viscosity number of 719 determined. The test specimen obtains a V-2 according to UL-94 Classification.
Gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift "Herstellung, Verarbeitung und Prüfung von flammgeschützten Kunststoffformmassen und Kunststoff-Formkörpern" wird eine Mischung von 25 Gew.-% Produkt aus Beispiel 2 und 75 Gew.-% Polybutylenterephtalat 1 auf einem Doppelschnecken-Extruder bei 230 bis 260°C zu einer flammgeschützten Polymerformmasse compoundiert. Nach Trocknung werden die Formmassen auf einer Spritzgießmaschine bei Massetemperaturen von 240 bis 270°C zu flammgeschützten Polymerformkörpern verarbeitet. Es wird eine Viskositätszahl von 758 bestimmt. Der Prüfkörper erlangt nach UL-94 eine V-2 Klassifikation. In accordance with the general rule "Manufacture, processing and testing of flame-retardant plastic molding compounds and plastic moldings "becomes a Mixture of 25% by weight of product from Example 2 and 75% by weight Polybutylene terephthalate 1 on a twin-screw extruder at 230 to 260 ° C. a flame-retardant polymer molding compound compounded. After drying the molding compositions on an injection molding machine at melt temperatures of 240 to 270 ° C to flame-retardant polymer moldings processed. It will be one Viscosity number of 758 determined. The test specimen obtains a V-2 according to UL-94 Classification.
Gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift "Herstellung, Verarbeitung und Prüfung von flammgeschützten Kunststoffformmassen und Kunststoff-Formkörpern" wird eine Mischung von 25 Gew.-% Produkt aus Beispiel 3 und 75 Gew.-% Polybutylenterephtalat 1 auf einem Doppelschnecken-Extruder bei 230 bis 260°C zu einer flammgeschützten Polymerformmasse compoundiert. Nach Trocknung werden die Formmassen auf einer Spritzgießmaschine bei Massetemperaturen von 240 bis 270°C zu flammgeschützten Polymerformkörpern verarbeitet. Es wird eine Viskositätszahl von 1023 bestimmt. Der Prüfkörper erlangt nach UL-94 eine V-0 Klassifikation.In accordance with the general rule "Manufacture, processing and testing of flame-retardant plastic molding compounds and plastic moldings "becomes a Mixture of 25% by weight of product from Example 3 and 75% by weight Polybutylene terephthalate 1 on a twin-screw extruder at 230 to 260 ° C. a flame-retardant polymer molding compound compounded. After drying the molding compositions on an injection molding machine at melt temperatures of 240 to 270 ° C to flame-retardant polymer moldings processed. It will be one Viscosity number of 1023 determined. The test specimen obtains a V-0 according to UL-94 Classification.
Gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift "Herstellung, Verarbeitung und Prüfung von flammgeschützten Kunststoffformmassen und Kunststoff-Formkörpern" wird eine Mischung von 25 Gew.-% Produkt aus Beispiel 4 und 75 Gew.-% Polybutylenterephtalat 1 auf einem Doppelschnecken-Extruder bei 230 bis 260°C zu einer flammgeschützten Polymerformmasse compoundiert. Nach Trocknung werden die Formmassen auf einer Spritzgießmaschine bei Massetemperaturen von 240 bis 270°C zu flammgeschützten Polymerformkörpern verarbeitet. Es wird eine Viskositätszahl von 1034 bestimmt. Der Prüfkörper erlangt nach UL-94 eine V-0 Klassifikation.In accordance with the general rule "Manufacture, processing and testing of flame-retardant plastic molding compounds and plastic moldings "becomes a Mixture of 25% by weight of product from Example 4 and 75% by weight Polybutylene terephthalate 1 on a twin-screw extruder at 230 to 260 ° C. a flame-retardant polymer molding compound compounded. After drying the molding compositions on an injection molding machine at melt temperatures of 240 to 270 ° C to flame-retardant polymer moldings processed. It will be one Viscosity number of 1034 determined. The test specimen obtains a V-0 according to UL-94 Classification.
Gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift "Herstellung, Verarbeitung und Prüfung von flammgeschützten Kunststoffformmassen und Kunststoff-Formkörpern" wird eine Mischung von 25 Gew.-% Produkt aus Beispiel 5 und 75 Gew.-% Polybutylenterephtalat 1 auf einem Doppelschnecken-Extruder bei 230 bis 260°C zu einer flammgeschützten Polymerformmasse compoundiert. Nach Trocknung werden die Formmassen auf einer Spritzgießmaschine bei Massetemperaturen von 240 bis 270°C zu flammgeschützten Polymerformkörpern verarbeitet. Es wird eine Viskositätszahl von 995 bestimmt. Der Prüfkörper erlangt nach UL-94 eine V-0 Klassifikation. In accordance with the general rule "Manufacture, processing and testing of flame-retardant plastic molding compounds and plastic moldings "becomes a Mixture of 25% by weight of product from Example 5 and 75% by weight Polybutylene terephthalate 1 on a twin-screw extruder at 230 to 260 ° C. a flame-retardant polymer molding compound compounded. After drying the molding compositions on an injection molding machine at melt temperatures of 240 to 270 ° C to flame-retardant polymer moldings processed. It will be one Viscosity number of 995 determined. The test specimen obtains a V-0 according to UL-94 Classification.
Gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift "Herstellung, Verarbeitung und Prüfung von flammgeschützten Kunststoffformmassen und Kunststoff-Formkörpern" wird eine Mischung von 12 Gew.-% Produkt aus Beispiel 1, 6 Gew.-% Melamincyanurat, 52 Gew.-% Polybutylenterephtalat 2 und 30 Gew.-% Glasfasern 1 auf einem Doppelschnecken-Extruder bei 230 bis 260°C zu einer flammgeschützten Polymerformmasse compoundiert. Nach Trocknung werden die Formmassen auf einer Spritzgießmaschine bei Massetemperaturen von 240 bis 270°C zu flammgeschützten Polymerformkörpern verarbeitet. Es wird eine Viskositätszahl von 716 bestimmt. Der Prüfkörper erlangt nach UL-94 eine V-1 Klassifikation.In accordance with the general rule "Manufacture, processing and testing of flame-retardant plastic molding compounds and plastic moldings "becomes a Mixture of 12% by weight of product from Example 1, 6% by weight of melamine cyanurate, 52 wt .-% polybutylene terephthalate 2 and 30 wt .-% glass fibers 1 on a Twin screw extruder at 230 to 260 ° C to a flame retardant Polymer molding compound compounded. After drying, the molding materials on an injection molding machine at melt temperatures of 240 to 270 ° C. flame-retarded polymer moldings processed. It is a viscosity number of 716 determined. The test specimen obtains a V-1 classification according to UL-94.
Gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift "Herstellung, Verarbeitung und Prüfung von flammgeschützten Kunststoffformmassen und Kunststoff-Formkörpern" wird eine Mischung von 12 Gew.-% Produkt aus Beispiel 3, 6 Gew.-% Melamincyanurat, 52 Gew.-% Polybutylenterephtalat 2 und 30 Gew.-% Glasfasern 1 auf einem Doppelschnecken-Extruder bei 230 bis 260°C zu einer flammgeschützten Polymerformmasse compoundiert. Nach Trocknung werden die Formmassen auf einer Spritzgießmaschine bei Massetemperaturen von 240 bis 270°C zu flammgeschützten Polymerformkörpern verarbeitet. Es wird eine Viskositätszahl von 1005 bestimmt. Der Prüfkörper erlangt nach UL-94 eine V-0 Klassifikation.In accordance with the general rule "Manufacture, processing and testing of flame-retardant plastic molding compounds and plastic moldings "becomes a Mixture of 12% by weight of product from Example 3, 6% by weight of melamine cyanurate, 52 wt .-% polybutylene terephthalate 2 and 30 wt .-% glass fibers 1 on a Twin screw extruder at 230 to 260 ° C to a flame retardant Polymer molding compound compounded. After drying, the molding materials on an injection molding machine at melt temperatures of 240 to 270 ° C. flame-retarded polymer moldings processed. It is a viscosity number of 1005 determined. The test specimen obtains a V-0 classification according to UL-94.
Gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift "Herstellung, Verarbeitung und Prüfung von flammgeschützten Kunststoffformmassen und Kunststoff-Formkörpern" wird eine Mischung von 70 Gew.-% Polyamid 6.6 und 30 Gew.-% Glasfasern 1 auf einem Doppelschnecken-Extruder bei 260 bis 280°C zu einer Polymerformmasse compoundiert. Nach Trocknung werden die Formmassen auf einer Spritzgießmaschine bei Massetemperaturen von 260 bis 290°C zu Polymerformkörpern verarbeitet. Es wird ein Melt Volume Index von 5,8 cm3/min bestimmt. Der Prüfkörper ist nach UL-94 nicht klassifizierbar. According to the general provision "production, processing and testing of flame-retardant plastic molding compounds and plastic moldings" is a mixture of 70 wt .-% polyamide 6.6 and 30 wt .-% glass fibers 1 on a twin-screw extruder at 260 to 280 ° C to a Polymer molding compound compounded. After drying, the molding compositions are processed on an injection molding machine at melt temperatures of 260 to 290 ° C to give polymer moldings. A melt volume index of 5.8 cm 3 / min is determined. The test specimen can not be classified according to UL-94.
Gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift "Herstellung, Verarbeitung und Prüfung von flammgeschützten Kunststoffformmassen und Kunststoff-Formkörpern" wird eine Mischung von 11,4 Gew.-% Produkt aus Beispiel 1, 5,7 Gew.-% Melaminpolyphosphat, 0,9 Gew.-% Zinkborat, 52 Gew.-% Polyamid 6.6 und 30 Gew.-% Glasfasern 1 auf einem Doppelschnecken-Extruder bei 260 bis 280°C zu einer flammgeschützten Polymerformmasse compoundiert. Nach Trocknung werden die Formmassen auf einer Spritzgießmaschine bei Massetemperaturen von 260 bis 290 °C zu flammgeschützten Polymerformkörpern verarbeitet. Es wird ein Melt Volume Index von 16,7 cm3/min bestimmt. Der Prüfkörper erlangt nach UL-94 eine V-2 Klassifikation.According to the general procedure "Production, Processing and Testing of Flame-Retardant Plastic Molding Compositions and Plastic Moldings", a mixture of 11.4% by weight of product from Example 1, 5.7% by weight of melamine polyphosphate, 0.9% by weight is used. Zinc borate, 52 wt .-% polyamide 6.6 and 30 wt .-% glass fibers 1 compounded on a twin-screw extruder at 260 to 280 ° C to a flame-retardant polymer molding composition. After drying, the molding materials are processed on an injection molding machine at melt temperatures of 260 to 290 ° C to flame-retardant polymer moldings. A melt volume index of 16.7 cm 3 / min is determined. The test specimen obtains a V-2 classification according to UL-94.
Gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift "Herstellung, Verarbeitung und Prüfung von flammgeschützten Kunststoffformmassen und Kunststoff-Formkörpern" wird eine Mischung von 11,4 Gew.-% Produkt aus Beispiel 3, 5,7 Gew.-% Melaminpolyphosphat, 0,9 Gew.-% Zinkborat, 52 Gew.-% Polyamid 6.6 und 30 Gew.-% Glasfasern 1 auf einem Doppelschnecken-Extruder bei 260 bis 280°C zu einer flammgeschützten Polymerformmasse compoundiert. Nach Trocknung werden die Formmassen auf einer Spritzgießmaschine bei Massetemperaturen von 260 bis 290°C zu flammgeschützten Polymerformkörpern verarbeitet. Es wird ein Melt Volume Index von 4,1 cm3/min bestimmt. Der Prüfkörper erlangt nach UL-94 eine V-0 Klassifikation.According to the general procedure "production, processing and testing of flame-retardant plastic molding compounds and plastic moldings", a mixture of 11.4% by weight of product from Example 3, 5.7% by weight of melamine polyphosphate, 0.9% by weight is used. Zinc borate, 52 wt .-% polyamide 6.6 and 30 wt .-% glass fibers 1 compounded on a twin-screw extruder at 260 to 280 ° C to a flame-retardant polymer molding composition. After drying, the molding materials are processed on an injection molding machine at melt temperatures of 260 to 290 ° C to flame-retardant polymer moldings. A melt volume index of 4.1 cm 3 / min is determined. The test specimen obtains a V-0 classification according to UL-94.
Gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift "Herstellung, Verarbeitung und Prüfung von flammgeschützten Kunststoffformmassen und Kunststoff-Formkörpern" wird eine Mischung von 11,4 Gew.-% Produkt aus Beispiel 4, 5,7 Gew.-% Melaminpolyphosphat, 0,9 Gew.-% Zinkoxid, 52 Gew.-% Polyamid 6.6 und 30 Gew.-% Glasfasern 1 auf einem Doppelschnecken-Extruder bei 260 bis 280°C zu einer flammgeschützten Polymerformmasse compoundiert. Nach Trocknung werden die Formmassen auf einer Spritzgießmaschine bei Massetemperaturen von 260 bis 290°C zu flammgeschützten Polymerformkörpern verarbeitet. Es wird einMelt Volume Index von 5,6 cm3/min bestimmt. Der Prüfkörper erlangt nach UL-94 eine V-0 Klassifikation.According to the general procedure "Production, Processing and Testing of Flame-Retardant Plastic Molding Compositions and Plastic Moldings", a mixture of 11.4% by weight of product from Example 4, 5.7% by weight of melamine polyphosphate, 0.9% by weight is used. Zinc oxide, 52 wt .-% polyamide 6.6 and 30 wt .-% glass fibers 1 compounded on a twin-screw extruder at 260 to 280 ° C to a flame-retardant polymer molding composition. After drying, the molding materials are processed on an injection molding machine at melt temperatures of 260 to 290 ° C to flame-retardant polymer moldings. It is einMelt volume index of 5.6 cm 3 / min determined. The test specimen obtains a V-0 classification according to UL-94.
Gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift "Herstellung, Verarbeitung und Prüfung von flammgeschützten Kunststoffformmassen und Kunststoff-Formkörpern" wird eine Mischung von 12 Gew.-% Produkt aus Beispiel 4, 6 Gew.-% Melaminpolyphosphat, 52 Gew.-% Polyamid 6 und 30 Gew.-% Glasfasern 2 auf einem Doppelschnecken-Extruder bei 260 bis 280°C zu einer flammgeschützten Polymerformmasse compoundiert. Nach Trocknung werden die Formmassen auf einer Spritzgießmaschine bei Massetemperaturen von 260 bis 290°C zu flammgeschützten Polymerformkörpern verarbeitet. Es wird ein Melt Volume Index von 4,9 cm3/min bestimmt. Der Prüfkörper erlangt nach UL-94 eine V-0 Klassifikation.According to the general specification "production, processing and testing of flame-retardant plastic molding compounds and plastic moldings" is a mixture of 12 wt .-% product of Example 4, 6 wt .-% melamine polyphosphate, 52 wt .-% polyamide 6 and 30 wt. -% glass fibers 2 compounded on a twin-screw extruder at 260 to 280 ° C to a flame-retardant polymer molding composition. After drying, the molding materials are processed on an injection molding machine at melt temperatures of 260 to 290 ° C to flame-retardant polymer moldings. A melt volume index of 4.9 cm 3 / min is determined. The test specimen obtains a V-0 classification according to UL-94.
Gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift "Herstellung, Verarbeitung und Prüfung von flammgeschützten Kunststoffformmassen und Kunststoff-Formkörpern" wird eine Mischung von 30 Gew.-% Produkt aus Beispiel 4, und 70 Gew.-% Polystyrol auf einem Doppelschnecken-Extruder bei 170°C zu einer flammgeschützten Polymerformmasse compoundiert. Nach Trocknung werden die Formmassen auf einer Spritzgießmaschine bei Massetemperaturen von 200 bis 250°C zu flammgeschützten Polymerformkörpern verarbeitet. Der Prüfkörper erlangt nach UL-94 eine V-0 Klassifikation.In accordance with the general rule "Manufacture, processing and testing of flame-retardant plastic molding compounds and plastic moldings "becomes a Mixture of 30 wt .-% product of Example 4, and 70 wt .-% of polystyrene a twin screw extruder at 170 ° C to a flame retardant Polymer molding compound compounded. After drying, the molding materials on an injection molding machine at melt temperatures of 200 to 250 ° C. flame-retarded polymer moldings processed. The test specimen obtained according to UL-94 a V-0 classification.
Verwendete Chemikalien
- Melaminpolyphosphat
- Melapur 200/70, Fa. Ciba SC
- Melamincyanurat
- Melapur MC, Fa. Ciba SC
- Zinkborat
- Firebrake 500, Fa. Borax
- Zinkoxid
- Fa. Rheinchemie
- Polybutylenterephtalat 1
- Celanex 2300 GV1/30, Fa. Celanese, USA
- Polybutylenterephtalat 2
- Celanex 2500, Fa. Celanese, USA
- Polyamid 6.6
- Ultramid A3, Fa. BASF
- Polyamid 6
- Zytel 7301, Fa. DuPont
- Polystyrol
- Polystyrol 143 E, Fa. BASF
- Glasfasern 1
- Vetrotex EC 10 983, 4,5 mm, Fa. Saint Gobain
- Glasfasern 2
- Chop Vantage 3540, PPG
- melamine
- Melapur 200/70, Ciba SC
- melamine
- Melapur MC, Ciba SC
- zinc borate
- Firebrake 500, Fa. Borax
- zinc oxide
- Fa. Rheinchemie
- Polybutylene terephthalate 1
- Celanex 2300 GV1 / 30, Celanese, USA
- Polybutylene terephthalate 2
- Celanex 2500, Celanese, USA
- Polyamide 6.6
- Ultramid A3, Fa. BASF
- Polyamide 6
- Zytel 7301, DuPont
- polystyrene
- Polystyrene 143 E, BASF
- Glass fibers 1
- Vetrotex EC 10 983, 4.5 mm, Fa. Saint Gobain
- Glass fibers 2
- Chop Vantage 3540, PPG
Claims (34)
- R1, R2
- gleich oder verschieden sind und C1-C6-Alkyl, linear oder verzweigt
- M
- Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Fe, Zr, Zn, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na, K und/oder eine protonierte Stickstoffbase;
- m
- 1 bis 4;
- R 1 , R 2
- are the same or different and are C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, linear or branched
- M
- Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Fe, Zr, Zn, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na, K and / or a protonated nitrogen base;
- m
- 1 to 4;
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DE10359814A DE10359814A1 (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2003-12-19 | Dialkylphosphinic salts |
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EP1544206B1 EP1544206B1 (en) | 2008-03-05 |
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US (1) | US7420007B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1544206B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4870924B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1660857B (en) |
AT (1) | ATE388155T1 (en) |
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HK (1) | HK1080863A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10359814A1 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
CN1660857B (en) | 2010-08-04 |
US7420007B2 (en) | 2008-09-02 |
HK1080863A1 (en) | 2006-05-04 |
EP1544206B1 (en) | 2008-03-05 |
US20060074157A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
JP2005179360A (en) | 2005-07-07 |
CN1660857A (en) | 2005-08-31 |
JP4870924B2 (en) | 2012-02-08 |
DE502004006400D1 (en) | 2008-04-17 |
ATE388155T1 (en) | 2008-03-15 |
ES2301920T3 (en) | 2008-07-01 |
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