EP1543187A1 - Eccentric polyester-polyethylene-bicomponent fibre - Google Patents

Eccentric polyester-polyethylene-bicomponent fibre

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Publication number
EP1543187A1
EP1543187A1 EP03807760A EP03807760A EP1543187A1 EP 1543187 A1 EP1543187 A1 EP 1543187A1 EP 03807760 A EP03807760 A EP 03807760A EP 03807760 A EP03807760 A EP 03807760A EP 1543187 A1 EP1543187 A1 EP 1543187A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fiber
core
sheath
polyester
polyethylene
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03807760A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1543187B1 (en
Inventor
Jörg Dahringer
Michael Klanert
Hartmut Huth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Trevira GmbH
Original Assignee
Trevira GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Trevira GmbH filed Critical Trevira GmbH
Publication of EP1543187A1 publication Critical patent/EP1543187A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1543187B1 publication Critical patent/EP1543187B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bicomponent fiber of the core sheath type with polyester as the core component and polyethylene as the sheath component, the core being arranged eccentrically and the fiber having a very soft feel and an intense latent crimp.
  • polyester fibers Because of their balanced property profile, polyester fibers have become the most widely used synthetic fibers. In recent years in particular, numerous efforts have been made to develop polyester fibers with specific properties that go beyond them.
  • polyester fibers Compared to fibers made of polyolefins such as polyethylene or polypropylene, polyester fibers have a harder grip with the same titer. In some areas of application, such as B. the textile hygiene products, diapers and sanitary napkins are mentioned here, this harder grip has a disadvantageous effect. This also applies to textile hygiene products such as corresponding nonwovens.
  • the fibers described therein can be, inter alia, a core / sheath fiber with a polyester core and a sheath which consists of a mixture of a linear, low-density copolymer of ethylene and at least one alpha-olefin having 4 to 8 carbon atoms and 1 to 50% by weight of one crystalline polypropylene.
  • Fibers as they are obtained according to JP 02 139415 A2, do not meet all the requirements placed on the handle and the latent shrinkage.
  • the process described therein consists of side-by-side with one component consisting essentially of polyethylene terephthalate and a second component consisting of a polyester composed of ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid and an aromatic dicarboxylic acid with sulfonate groups -Side threads spun.
  • JP 2 145 811 A for the production of bicomponent fibers with latent crimpability also does not lead to fibers which are distinguished by a particularly soft hand and increased latent crimpability.
  • EP 0496 734 B1 should also be mentioned, in which thermally bonded non-moist fiber products are described, comprising high-performance fibers such as polyesters, polyamides, silk, etc., which are thermally bonded with colorable thermoplastic two-component fibers.
  • the core / shell arrangement with asymmetrical configuration is also mentioned.
  • This object is achieved by a process for producing an eccentric bicomponent fiber of the core / sheath type with a soft feel and improved latent crimp, by melt spinning polyester as the core component and polyethylene as the sheath component at a spinning speed of 600 to 2000, preferably 600 to 1 400 m / min. an eccentric core / sheath fiber with a sheath proportion based on the cross section of the fiber from 35 to 70%, the fiber thus obtained at a temperature of 40 to 70 ° C stretched by the ratio W max + 20% and then crimped, under VV max is the draw ratio at which the number of sheets per cm (Bg / cm) reaches a maximum and W max is determined as indicated below. It is preferably stretched at a temperature of 50 to 60 ° C.
  • the bicomponent fiber is produced as a core / sheath fiber with extreme eccentricity, the extreme or greatest eccentricity being achieved when the core component extends to the outer edge of the sheath components, as is shown schematically in Figure 1.
  • Polyethylene terephthalate is particularly suitable as polyester.
  • types of polyethylene can be used as the polyethylene for the jacket component.
  • linear ethylene polymers such as linear high density polyethylene (HDPE), which has a density in the range from 0.941 to 0.965 g / cm 3 and linear low density polyethylene in (LLDPE), which typically has a density in the range of low density polyethylene (LOPE) ) and linear medium density polyethylene (LMDPE), i.e. densities in the range of about 0.1 to 0.94 g / cm 3 .
  • HDPE linear high density polyethylene
  • LLDPE linear low density polyethylene
  • LLDPE linear medium density polyethylene
  • Linear ethylene polymer densities can be measured according to ASTM D-792; a corresponding definition can be found in ASTM D-1248.
  • These polymers can be made using coordination catalysts; they are generally known as linear polymers because they have essentially no branched chains as can arise when monomers are polymerized onto the main polymer chain.
  • LLDPE is a linear low density ethylene polymer in which ethylene has been polymerized with minor amounts of ⁇ - ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated alkenes having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms per alkene molecule, especially 4 to 5 carbon atoms. It is advantageous to produce the fiber with a titer of 2 to 7 dtex; this titer refers to the fiber after drawing; stretching with a ratio W _ mi is preferred. in the range of 1.4 to 2.4 ⁇ 20%.
  • Another object of the invention is the use of the bicomponent fibers, produced by one of the methods described above for the production of hygienic products.
  • the bicomponent fibers are preferably used for the production of hygienic textile fabrics, in particular nonwovens.
  • a particularly advantageous form of use is the production of diapers, bandages or inserts and the like.
  • the core component can consist of conventional melt-spinnable polyester material.
  • polyester material consist predominantly of building blocks which are derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acids and from aliphatic diols.
  • Common aromatic dicarboxylic acid building blocks are the divalent residues of benzenedicarboxylic acids, especially terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid;
  • Common diols have 2 to 4 carbon atoms, with the ethylene glycol being particularly suitable.
  • a polyester material which consists of at least 85 mol% of polyethylene terephthalate is particularly advantageous.
  • the remaining 15 mol% then build up from dicarboxylic acid units and glycol units, which act as a so-called modifying agent and which allow the person skilled in the art to further influence the physical and chemical properties of the fibers produced in a targeted manner.
  • dicarboxylic acid units are residues of isophthalic acid or of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid such as. B. glutaric acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid;
  • modifying Diol residues are those of longer-chain diols, e.g. B. of propanediol or butanediol, of di- or triethylene glycol or, if present in small quantities, of polyglycol with a molecular weight of 500 to 2000 g / mol.
  • polyesters which contain at least 95 mol%
  • Such polyesters usually have a molecular weight corresponding to an intrinsic viscosity (IV) of 0.5 to 1.4 (dl / g), measured on solutions in
  • the melting point of the polyester component and the melting point of the polyethylene component differ by at least 30 ° C, since the lower melting component, namely the polyethylene, can also serve as a binding material in the production of bonded nonwovens, other textile fabrics and other hygienic products . should.
  • the core is not centered symmetrically in cross section, but eccentric. It is advantageous if the core is shifted as far as possible from the center to the periphery; the position with extreme eccentricity is particularly advantageous, that is to say that the core component extends to the edge of the shell component, in accordance with a configuration according to Figure 1, ie from the periphery of the cross section has at least one point in common tangentially.
  • the spinning speed in the process according to the invention is between 600 and 2,000, preferably between 600 and 1,400, m / min.
  • the exit speed at the nozzle exit surface is matched to the spinning speed and the draw ratio so that a fiber is produced with the desired titer, ie a titer of about 2 to 7 dtex.
  • Spinning speed is to be understood as the speed at which the solidified threads are drawn off.
  • the threads drawn off in this way can either be fed directly to the drawing or also wound up first and drawn at a later point in time by the ratio W max .
  • the required ratio W max is determined in the following way.
  • bicomponent threads of the core / sheath T type are spun with the eccentric position of the core, then about 10 samples are drawn individually with a different ratio, namely with drawing ratios between 1.2 and 2.6, whereby the
  • the drawing takes place for all samples at the same temperature between 40 and 70 ° C, preferably at 55 ° C.
  • the samples are then crimped in a stuffer box. After crimping in the stuffer box, the fibers are subjected to a thermal treatment at 120 ° C. and a dwell time of 3 minutes. The number of sheets per centimeter (Bg / cm) is then counted for the respective samples and the crimp K1 determined in accordance with DIN standard 53840. The values obtained are shown graphically as a function of the draw ratio.
  • Figure 2 shows a corresponding determination of the value VV max for a fiber with a titer of 3.0 dtex and a core / sheath ratio of 50:50.
  • the W max value is 1.7.
  • the VV max value is the maximum curve number / cm (as ordinate) and
  • Draw ratio (abscissa) and serves as a process parameter for the process according to the invention.
  • Bicomponent fibers are manufactured which have a core / shell ratio of 50:
  • Core / shell ratios can be determined by appropriate tests.
  • the maximum of the crimp K1 may coincide with the maximum for the number of sheets, but need not.
  • Figure 3 also shows the course of the crimp K in dependence on W.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out in production.
  • the fibers stretched by the ratio VV raax are then crimped.
  • the fibers crimped in this way can be cut into staple fibers and then processed into corresponding products, in particular textile products, preferably hygienic products, hygienic textile fabrics, hygienic nonwovens, diapers, bandages or inserts and the like, but also into cotton balls, etc.
  • the process according to the invention provides the fibers with an additional latent crimp, which can be triggered in the further processing by thermal treatment at temperatures of about 100 ° C.
  • the number of sheets already obtained due to the crimping in the stuffer box is increased.
  • the fiber not only has a soft feel, but also helps to increase the bulk of the corresponding products.
  • the fleece can be strengthened accordingly by appropriate thermal treatment at temperatures at which the jacket component softens or begins to melt.
  • a bicomponent spinning system was used to produce spun fabric with an eccentric cross-section from standard polyester in the core and polyethylene in the jacket.
  • the total throughput with a core / shell ratio of 50/50 was 380 g / min per spinning station with an 827 hole nozzle.
  • the individual spider titer set was 4.60 dtex.
  • the take-off speed was 1,000 m / min.
  • the melt temperature of the polyester was 285 ° C, that of the polyethylene 265 ° C.
  • the spun filaments were cooled with an inside / outside blowing over a blowing length of 500 mm and an air volume flow of 280 m 3 / h at an air temperature of 40 ° C. To simplify, the filaments were prepared with a conventional finishing agent.
  • the spun fabric was then presented to a conventional sliver mill and processed further.
  • the stretching in the specified range especially in the specific case for a final titer of 3.0 dtex, was carried out at a stretching ratio of 1.7 between rotating rollers.
  • the temperature of the rolls at which the stretching was triggered was 50 ° C.
  • the fiber cable was mechanically crimped in a stuffer box crimping machine and then at 60 ° C. in one Belt dryer dried.
  • the fibers were cut with a conventional staple fiber cutting machine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

A process for producing an eccentric bi-component fibre of the core/mantle type, comprises melt spinning a polyester core component and a polyethylene mantle component, using a spin speed of 600-2000, esp 600-1400 m/min. The mantle makes up 35-70% of the fibre cross section, and the fibre is stretched at 40-70oC, esp 50-60oC, to VVmax +/- 20% (where VVmax is the stretching ratio with the maximum number of curves per cm) and is then ruffled. The polyester is polyethylene terepthalate. The VVmax value is 1.4-2.4.

Description

Exzentrische Polyester-Polyethylen-Bikomponentenfaser Eccentric polyester-polyethylene bicomponent fiber
Beschreibungdescription
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Bikomponentenfaser des Kern Manteltyps mit Polyester als Kernkomponente und Polyethylen als Mantelkomponente, wobei der Kern exzentrisch angeordnet ist und die Faser einen sehr weichen Griff und eine intensive latente Kräuselung besitzt.The present invention relates to a bicomponent fiber of the core sheath type with polyester as the core component and polyethylene as the sheath component, the core being arranged eccentrically and the fiber having a very soft feel and an intense latent crimp.
Polyesterfasern sind auf Grund ihres ausgewogenen Eigenschaftsprofils zu den am meisten eingesetzten synthetischen Fasern geworden. Insbesondere in den letzten Jahren sind zahlreiche Anstrengungen unternommen worden, für bestimmte Einsatzgebiete Polyesterfasern mit darüber hinausgehenden spezifischen Eigenschaften zu entwickeln.Because of their balanced property profile, polyester fibers have become the most widely used synthetic fibers. In recent years in particular, numerous efforts have been made to develop polyester fibers with specific properties that go beyond them.
Im Vergleich zu Fasern aus Polyolefinen wie Polyethylen oder Polypropylen besitzen Polyesterfasern bei gleichem Titer einen härteren Griff. In einigen Einsatzgebieten, wie z. B. den textilen Hygieneprodukten, hier seien beispielhaft erwähnt Windeln und Binden, wirkt sich dieser härtere Griff nachteilig aus. Dies trifft auch auf textile Hygieneprodukte wie entsprechende Vliese zu.Compared to fibers made of polyolefins such as polyethylene or polypropylene, polyester fibers have a harder grip with the same titer. In some areas of application, such as B. the textile hygiene products, diapers and sanitary napkins are mentioned here, this harder grip has a disadvantageous effect. This also applies to textile hygiene products such as corresponding nonwovens.
Es hat nicht an Bemühungen gefehlt, diesen Griff zu verbessern. So werden z. B. in der EP 0277 707 A2 eine Polyolefinbikomponentenfaser und daraus hergestellte Vliese beschrieben. Die dort beschriebenen Fasern können u. a. eine Kern/Mantelfaser sein mit einem Polyesterkern und einem Mantel, der aus einem Gemisch eines linearen Copolymers mit niedriger Dichte aus Ethylen und wenigstens einem Alpha- Olefin mit 4 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen und 1 bis 50 Gew.-% eines kristallinen Polypropylens besteht.Efforts have not been lacking to improve this grip. So z. B. in EP 0277 707 A2 describes a polyolefin bicomponent fiber and nonwovens made therefrom. The fibers described therein can be, inter alia, a core / sheath fiber with a polyester core and a sheath which consists of a mixture of a linear, low-density copolymer of ethylene and at least one alpha-olefin having 4 to 8 carbon atoms and 1 to 50% by weight of one crystalline polypropylene.
Die Anzahl der Kräuselbögen der dort beschriebenen Kern/Mantelfaden läßt jedoch noch zu wünschen übrig, so daß auch die Voluminösität von Vliesen, die aus solchen Fasern hergestellt worden sind, nicht allen Ansprüchen genügt.However, the number of crimped sheets of the core / sheath thread described there still leaves something to be desired, so that the bulkiness of nonwovens which have been produced from such fibers does not meet all requirements.
Auch das in der DE 1 760 755 vorgeschlagene Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Kräuselung, bei dem aus der Spinndüse austretende schmelzgesponnene Fäden einseitig stärker abgekühlt werden, so daß sich durch die entstehende asymmetrische Filamentstruktur zusätzliche Kräuselbögen bilden können, bringt nicht Fasern, die die Vorteile aufweisen, welche gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung erreicht werden.The method for improving the crimp proposed in DE 1 760 755, in which melt-spun threads emerging from the spinneret are cooled to one side to a greater extent, so that additional crimped arches can be formed due to the asymmetrical filament structure which arises, does not produce fibers which have the advantages which are achieved according to the present invention.
Auch Fasern, wie sie gemäß der JP 02 139415 A2 erhalten werden, entsprechen nicht allen Anforderungen, die an den Griff und das latente Schrumpfvermögen gestellt werden. Das dort beschriebene Verfahren besteht darin, daß man eine Komponente, die im wesentlichen aus Polyethylenterephthalat besteht, und eine zweite Komponente, die aus einem Polyester besteht, der aufgebaut ist aus Ethylenglycol, Terephthalsäure und Isophthalsäure und einer aromatischen Dicarbonsäure mit Sulfonatgruppen, zu Seite-an-Seite-Fäden verspinnt.Fibers, as they are obtained according to JP 02 139415 A2, do not meet all the requirements placed on the handle and the latent shrinkage. The process described therein consists of side-by-side with one component consisting essentially of polyethylene terephthalate and a second component consisting of a polyester composed of ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid and an aromatic dicarboxylic acid with sulfonate groups -Side threads spun.
Auch das in der JP 2 145 811 A beschriebene Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bikomponentenfasem mit latenter Kräuselfahigkeit fuhrt nicht zu Fasern, die sich durch einen besonders weichen Griff und erhöhte latente Kräuselfahigkeit auszeichnen. Schließlich sei noch die EP 0496 734 Bl erwähnt, in der thermisch gebundene nicht feucht ausgelegte Faserprodukte beschrieben werden, umfassend Hochleistungsfasern wie Polyester, Polyamide, Seide usw., welche thermisch gebunden sind mit farbbaren thermoplastischen Zweikomponentenfasern. Neben der Seite-an-Seite-Anordnung von Bikomponentenfasem wird auch die Kern/Mantelanordnung mit asymmetrischer Konfiguration erwähnt.The process described in JP 2 145 811 A for the production of bicomponent fibers with latent crimpability also does not lead to fibers which are distinguished by a particularly soft hand and increased latent crimpability. Finally, EP 0496 734 B1 should also be mentioned, in which thermally bonded non-moist fiber products are described, comprising high-performance fibers such as polyesters, polyamides, silk, etc., which are thermally bonded with colorable thermoplastic two-component fibers. In addition to the side-by-side arrangement of bicomponent fibers, the core / shell arrangement with asymmetrical configuration is also mentioned.
Obwohl es bereits eine ganze Reihe von Verfahren gibt, Fasern insbesondere Bikomponentenfasem mit guten Kräuseleigenschaften herzustellen, besteht noch ein Bedürfnis nach verbesserten Fasern des Bikomponententyps, die sich durch einen besonders weichen Griff und eine erhöhte latente Kräuselfahigkeit auszeichnen, welche insbesondere bei einem Weiterverarbeitungsprozess mit thermischer Einwirkung ausgelöst werden kann und zu einer erhöhten Anzahl von Kräuselbögen führt. Dabei ist es auch ein Ziel der Erfindung, ein einfaches Verfahren zur Verfügung zu stellen, bei dem durch die Wahl geeigneter Verfahrensparameter eine besonders hohe Zahl von Kräuselbögen erzielt wird und zwar durch ein Verfahren, das einfach und mit niedrigen Energiekosten arbeitet.Although there are already a whole series of processes for producing fibers, in particular bicomponent fibers with good crimp properties, there is still a need for improved fibers of the bicomponent type which are distinguished by a particularly soft feel and an increased latent crimpability, which are particularly important in a further processing process with thermal action can be triggered and leads to an increased number of curling arches. It is also an object of the invention to provide a simple method in which a particularly high number of crimped sheets is achieved by the selection of suitable method parameters, specifically by means of a method that works simply and with low energy costs.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer exzentrischen Bikomponentenfaser des Kern/Mantel-Typs mit weichem Griff und verbesserter latenter Kräuselung, indem man durch Schmelzspinnen von Polyester als Kernkomponente und Polyethylen als Mantelkomponente mit einer Spinngeschwindigkeit von 600 bis 2000, vorzugsweise 600 bis 1 400 m/min. eine exzentrische Kern/Mantelfaser mit einem Mantelanteil bezogen auf den Querschnitt der Faser von 35 bis 70 % herstellt, die so erhaltene Faser bei einer Temperatur von 40 bis 70° C um das Verhältnis Wmax + 20 % verstreckt und sodann stauchkräuselt, wobei unter VVmax das Verstreckverhältnis zu verstehen ist, bei dem die Bogenzahl pro cm (Bg/cm) ein Maximum erreicht und Wmax wie nachstehend angegeben bestimmt wird. Vorzugsweise wird bei einer Temperatur von 50 bis 60° C verstreckt. Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn man die Bikomponentenfaser als Kem/Mantelfaser mit extremer Exzentrizität herstellt, wobei die extreme oder größte Exzentrizität dann erreicht wird, wenn die Kernkomponente bis an den äußeren Rand der Mantelkomponenten reicht, wie in Abbildung 1 schematisch dargestellt wird. Als Polyester ist Polyethylenterephthalat besonders geeignet. Als Polyethylen für die Mantelkomponente können übliche insbesondere kommerziell erhältliche Polyethylensorten verwendet werden.This object is achieved by a process for producing an eccentric bicomponent fiber of the core / sheath type with a soft feel and improved latent crimp, by melt spinning polyester as the core component and polyethylene as the sheath component at a spinning speed of 600 to 2000, preferably 600 to 1 400 m / min. an eccentric core / sheath fiber with a sheath proportion based on the cross section of the fiber from 35 to 70%, the fiber thus obtained at a temperature of 40 to 70 ° C stretched by the ratio W max + 20% and then crimped, under VV max is the draw ratio at which the number of sheets per cm (Bg / cm) reaches a maximum and W max is determined as indicated below. It is preferably stretched at a temperature of 50 to 60 ° C. It is advantageous if the bicomponent fiber is produced as a core / sheath fiber with extreme eccentricity, the extreme or greatest eccentricity being achieved when the core component extends to the outer edge of the sheath components, as is shown schematically in Figure 1. Polyethylene terephthalate is particularly suitable as polyester. Usual, in particular commercially available, types of polyethylene can be used as the polyethylene for the jacket component.
Hierzu gehören insbesondere Fasern bildende lineare Ethylenpolymere wie lineares Polyethylen hoher Dichte (HDPE), das eine Dichte im Bereich von 0,941 bis 0,965 g/cm3 und lineares Polyethylen niedriger Dichte in (LLDPE) das typischerweise eine Dichte im Bereich von Polyethylen niedriger Dichte (LOPE) aufweist und lineares Polyethylen mittlerer Dichte (LMDPE), also Dichten im Bereich von etwa 0,1 bis 0,94 g/cm3.These include, in particular, fiber-forming linear ethylene polymers such as linear high density polyethylene (HDPE), which has a density in the range from 0.941 to 0.965 g / cm 3 and linear low density polyethylene in (LLDPE), which typically has a density in the range of low density polyethylene (LOPE) ) and linear medium density polyethylene (LMDPE), i.e. densities in the range of about 0.1 to 0.94 g / cm 3 .
Die Dichten von linearen Ethylenpolymeren können entsprechend der Norm ASTM D-792 gemessen werden; eine entsprechende Definition findet sich in ASTM D-1248.Linear ethylene polymer densities can be measured according to ASTM D-792; a corresponding definition can be found in ASTM D-1248.
Diese Polymere können hergestellt werden, in dem man Koordinationskatalysatoren verwendet; sie sind im allgemeinen bekannt als lineare Polymere, weil sie im wesentlichen keine verzweigten Ketten aufweisen, wie sie entstehen können, wenn Monomere an die Hauptpolymerkette anpolymerisiert werden.These polymers can be made using coordination catalysts; they are generally known as linear polymers because they have essentially no branched chains as can arise when monomers are polymerized onto the main polymer chain.
LLDPE ist ein lineares Ethylenpolymer niedriger Dichte, in dem Ethylen mit kleineren Menge von α-ß-ethylenisch ungesättigten Alkenen polymerisiert wurde, die von 3 bis 12 Kohlenstof atome aufweisen pro Alkenmolekül, insbesondere 4 bis 5 Kohlenstoffatome. Es ist vorteilhaft die Faser mit einem Titer von 2 bis 7 dtex herzustellen; wobei sich diese Titerangabe auf die Faser nach dem Verstrecken bezieht; bevorzugt wird die Verstreckung mit einem Verhältnis Wmi_. im Bereich von 1,4 bis 2,4 ± 20 % durchgeführt.LLDPE is a linear low density ethylene polymer in which ethylene has been polymerized with minor amounts of α-β-ethylenically unsaturated alkenes having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms per alkene molecule, especially 4 to 5 carbon atoms. It is advantageous to produce the fiber with a titer of 2 to 7 dtex; this titer refers to the fiber after drawing; stretching with a ratio W _ mi is preferred. in the range of 1.4 to 2.4 ± 20%.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung ist die Verwendung der Bikomponentenfasem, hergestellt nach einem der vorstehend beschriebenen Verfahren zur Herstellung von hygienischen Produkten. Bevorzugt werden die Bikomponentenfasem zur Herstellung von hygienischen textilen Flächengebilden, insbesondere von Vliesen verwendet. Eine besonders vorteilhafte Verwendungsform ist die Herstellung von Windeln, Binden oder Einlagen und dergleichen.Another object of the invention is the use of the bicomponent fibers, produced by one of the methods described above for the production of hygienic products. The bicomponent fibers are preferably used for the production of hygienic textile fabrics, in particular nonwovens. A particularly advantageous form of use is the production of diapers, bandages or inserts and the like.
Die Kernkomponente kann aus üblichem schmelzspinnbaren Polyestermaterial bestehen. Als Polyestermaterial kommen im Prinzip alle zur Faserherstellung geeigneten bekannten Typen in Betracht. Derartige Polyester bestehen überwiegend aus Bausteinen, die sich von aromatischen Dicarbonsäuren und von aliphatischen Diolen ableiten. Gängige aromatische Dicarbonsäurebausteine sind die zweiwertigen Reste von Benzoldicarbonsäuren, insbesondere der Terephthalsäure und der Isophthalsäure; gängige Diole haben 2 bis 4 C- Atome, wobei das Ethylenglycol besonders geeignet ist.The core component can consist of conventional melt-spinnable polyester material. In principle, all known types suitable for fiber production come into consideration as polyester material. Such polyesters consist predominantly of building blocks which are derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acids and from aliphatic diols. Common aromatic dicarboxylic acid building blocks are the divalent residues of benzenedicarboxylic acids, especially terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid; Common diols have 2 to 4 carbon atoms, with the ethylene glycol being particularly suitable.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist ein Polyestermaterial, das zu mindestens 85 Mol% aus Polyethylenterephthalat besteht. Die restlichen 15 Mol% bauen sich dann aus Dicarbonsäureeinheiten und Glycoleinheiten auf, die als sogenanntes Modifizierungsmittel wirken und die es dem Fachmann gestatten, die physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften der hergestellten Fasern noch weiter gezielt zu beeinflussen. Beispiele für solche Dicarbonsäureeinheiten sind Reste der Isophthalsäure oder von aliphatischen Dicarbonsäure wie z. B. Glutarsäure, Adipinsäure, Sebazinsäure; Beispiele für modifizierend wirkende Diolreste sind solche von längerkettigen Diolen, z. B. von Propandiol oder Butandiol, von Di- oder Triethylenglycol oder, sofern in geringer Menge vorhanden, von Polyglycol mit einem Molgewicht von 500 bis 2000 g/Mol.A polyester material which consists of at least 85 mol% of polyethylene terephthalate is particularly advantageous. The remaining 15 mol% then build up from dicarboxylic acid units and glycol units, which act as a so-called modifying agent and which allow the person skilled in the art to further influence the physical and chemical properties of the fibers produced in a targeted manner. Examples of such dicarboxylic acid units are residues of isophthalic acid or of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid such as. B. glutaric acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid; Examples of modifying Diol residues are those of longer-chain diols, e.g. B. of propanediol or butanediol, of di- or triethylene glycol or, if present in small quantities, of polyglycol with a molecular weight of 500 to 2000 g / mol.
Besonders bevorzugt sind Polyester, die mindestens 95 Mol%Particularly preferred are polyesters which contain at least 95 mol%
Polyethylenterephthalat enthalten, insbesondere solche aus unmodifiziertemContain polyethylene terephthalate, especially those from unmodified
Polyethylenterephthalat.Polyethylene terephthalate.
Derartige Polyester haben üblicherweise ein Molekulargewicht entsprechend einer intrinsischen Viskosität (IV) von 0,5 bis 1,4 (dl/g), gemessen an Lösungen inSuch polyesters usually have a molecular weight corresponding to an intrinsic viscosity (IV) of 0.5 to 1.4 (dl / g), measured on solutions in
Dichloressigsäure bei 25° C.Dichloroacetic acid at 25 ° C.
Wichtig ist, daß der Schmelzpunkt der Polyesterkomponente und der Schmelzpunkt der Polyethylenkomponente sich um mindestens 30° C unterscheiden, da die niedriger schmelzende Komponente, nämlich das Polyethylen auch als Bindematerial bei der Herstellung von gebundenen Vliesen, sonstigen textilen Flächengebilden und sonstigen hygienischen Produkten dienen kann bzw. soll.It is important that the melting point of the polyester component and the melting point of the polyethylene component differ by at least 30 ° C, since the lower melting component, namely the polyethylene, can also serve as a binding material in the production of bonded nonwovens, other textile fabrics and other hygienic products . should.
Zur Herstellung der Fasern mit einem Kern/Mantelprofil mit exzentrischer Lage des Kems können an sich übliche Vorrichtungen mit entsprechenden Düsen verwendet werden. Wesentlich ist, daß der Kern nicht zentriert symmetrisch im Querschnitt liegt, sondern exzentrisch. Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn der Kern möglichst weit vom Zentrum nach der Peripherie verschoben ist, besonders vorteilhaft ist die Lage mit extremer Exzentrizität, d. h. das die Kernkomponente bis an den Rand der Mantelkomponente reicht, entsprechend einer Konfiguration gemäß Abbildung 1., d. h. von der Peripherie des Querschnitts tangential zumindest einen Punkt gemeinsam hat. Die Spinngeschwindigkeit bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren liegt zwischen 600 und 2 000, bevorzugt zwischen 600 und 1 400 m/min. Die Austrittsgeschwindigkeit an der Düsenaustrittfläche wird auf die Spinngeschwindigkeit und das Verstreckverhältnis so abgestimmt, daß eine Faser mit dem gewünschten Titer entsteht, d. h. einem Titer von etwa 2 bis 7 dtex.To produce the fibers with a core / sheath profile with an eccentric position of the core, conventional devices with corresponding nozzles can be used. It is essential that the core is not centered symmetrically in cross section, but eccentric. It is advantageous if the core is shifted as far as possible from the center to the periphery; the position with extreme eccentricity is particularly advantageous, that is to say that the core component extends to the edge of the shell component, in accordance with a configuration according to Figure 1, ie from the periphery of the cross section has at least one point in common tangentially. The spinning speed in the process according to the invention is between 600 and 2,000, preferably between 600 and 1,400, m / min. The exit speed at the nozzle exit surface is matched to the spinning speed and the draw ratio so that a fiber is produced with the desired titer, ie a titer of about 2 to 7 dtex.
Unter Spinngeschwindigkeit ist die Geschwindigkeit zu verstehen, mit welcher die erstarrten Fäden abgezogen werden. Die derart abgezogenen Fäden können entweder direkt der Verstreckung zugeführt werden oder auch zunächst aufgewickelt und zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt um das Verhältnis Wmax ver streckt werden.Spinning speed is to be understood as the speed at which the solidified threads are drawn off. The threads drawn off in this way can either be fed directly to the drawing or also wound up first and drawn at a later point in time by the ratio W max .
Das erforderliche Verhältnis Wmax wird auf folgende Weise bestimmt.The required ratio W max is determined in the following way.
Es werden Bikomponentenfaden des Kern/Mantel-Ttyps - wie vorstehend beschrieben - mit exzentrischer Lage des Kems gesponnen, sodann werden etwa 10 Proben jeweils für sich mit einem unterschiedlichen Verhältnis verstreckt, und zwar mit Verstreckverhältnissen zwischen 1,2 und 2,6, wobei sich dieAs described above, bicomponent threads of the core / sheath T type are spun with the eccentric position of the core, then about 10 samples are drawn individually with a different ratio, namely with drawing ratios between 1.2 and 2.6, whereby the
Verstreckverhältnisse jeweils um etwa 0,1 unterscheiden, d. h. 1, 2; 1,3; 1,4 bis 2,6 betragen.Differentiate draw ratios by about 0.1 each. H. 1, 2; 1.3; 1.4 to 2.6.
Die Verstreckung findet für alle Proben bei einer gleichen Temperatur zwischen 40 und 70° C, vorzugsweise bei 55° C statt. Sodann werden die Proben in einer Stauchkammer gekräuselt. Nach der Kräuselung in der Stauchkammer werden die Fasern einer thermischen Behandlung bei 120° C und einer Verweilzeit von 3 Minuten unterzogen. Es wird sodann für die jeweiligen Proben die Zahl der Bögen pro Zentimeter (Bg/cm) gezählt und die Einkräuselung Kl entsprechend DIN Norm 53840 bestimmt. Die erhaltenen Werte werden graphisch in Funktion des Verstreckverhältnisses dargestellt.The drawing takes place for all samples at the same temperature between 40 and 70 ° C, preferably at 55 ° C. The samples are then crimped in a stuffer box. After crimping in the stuffer box, the fibers are subjected to a thermal treatment at 120 ° C. and a dwell time of 3 minutes. The number of sheets per centimeter (Bg / cm) is then counted for the respective samples and the crimp K1 determined in accordance with DIN standard 53840. The values obtained are shown graphically as a function of the draw ratio.
In Abbildung 2 wird eine entsprechende Bestimmung des Wertes VVmaxfür eine Faser mit dem Titer 3,0 dtex und einem Kern Mantelverhältnis von 50 : 50 wiedergegeben. Der Wert Wmax liegt bei 1,7. Der VVmax - Wert wird als Maximum der Kurve Bogenzahl / cm (als Ordinate) undFigure 2 shows a corresponding determination of the value VV max for a fiber with a titer of 3.0 dtex and a core / sheath ratio of 50:50. The W max value is 1.7. The VV max value is the maximum curve number / cm (as ordinate) and
Verstreckverhältnis (Abszisse) abgelesen und dient als Verfahrensparameter für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren.Draw ratio (abscissa) and serves as a process parameter for the process according to the invention.
Dies ist der optimale Wert, bei dem erfindungsgemäß exzentrischeThis is the optimal value at which the invention is eccentric
Bikomponentenfasem hergestellt werden, die ein Kern/Mantelverhältnis von 50 :Bicomponent fibers are manufactured which have a core / shell ratio of 50:
50 und einen Titer nach der Verstreckung von 3 dtex aufweisen.50 and have a titer after stretching of 3 dtex.
In gleicher Weise kann das Verhältnis VV-^für Bikomponentenfasem mit anderen Titem, die zwischen 2 und 7 dtex liegen und anderenIn the same way, the ratio VV- ^ for bicomponent fibers with other titles that lie between 2 and 7 dtex and others
Kern/Mantelverhältnissen durch entsprechende Versuche ermittelt werden.Core / shell ratios can be determined by appropriate tests.
Das Maximum der Einkräuselung Kl kann mit dem Maximum für die Bogenzahl übereinstimmen, muß aber nicht. Abbildung 3 zeigt zusätzlich den Verlauf der Einkräuselung Kl in Abhängigkeit von W.The maximum of the crimp K1 may coincide with the maximum for the number of sheets, but need not. Figure 3 also shows the course of the crimp K in dependence on W.
Nach Bestimmung von VVmax kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren produktionsmäßig durchgeführt werden.After determining VV max , the method according to the invention can be carried out in production.
Die um das Verhältnis VVraax verstreckten Fasern werden sodann stauchgekräuselt. Die so stauchgekräuselten Fasern können zu Stapelfasern geschnitten werden und dann zu entsprechenden Produkten, insbesondere textilen Produkten vorzugsweise hygienischen Produkten, hygienische textile Flächengebilde, hygienische Vliese, Windeln, Binden oder Einlagen und dergleichen, aber auch zu Wattebäuschen usw. verarbeitet werden.The fibers stretched by the ratio VV raax are then crimped. The fibers crimped in this way can be cut into staple fibers and then processed into corresponding products, in particular textile products, preferably hygienic products, hygienic textile fabrics, hygienic nonwovens, diapers, bandages or inserts and the like, but also into cotton balls, etc.
Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erhalten die Fasern eine zusätzliche latente Kräuselung, die bei der weiteren Verarbeitung durch thermische Behandlung bei Temperaturen von etwa über 100° C ausgelöst werden kann. Dabei wird die Anzahl der bereits vorhandenen durch die Kräuselung in der Stauchkammer erhaltenen Bögen noch erhöht. Die Faser hat somit nicht nur einen weichen Griff, sondern trägt auch mit bei zur Erhöhung des Bausches der entsprechenden Produkte. Durch entsprechende thermische Behandlung bei Temperaturen, bei denen die Mantelkomponente weich wird bzw. zu schmelzen beginnt, kann das Vlies entsprechend verfestigt werden.The process according to the invention provides the fibers with an additional latent crimp, which can be triggered in the further processing by thermal treatment at temperatures of about 100 ° C. The number of sheets already obtained due to the crimping in the stuffer box is increased. The fiber not only has a soft feel, but also helps to increase the bulk of the corresponding products. The fleece can be strengthened accordingly by appropriate thermal treatment at temperatures at which the jacket component softens or begins to melt.
Es war besonders überraschend , daß es mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren bei einem relativ niedrigen Verstreckverhältnis möglich ist, Fasem zu erhalten, die zusätzlich zu den Bögen aufgrund der Stauchkräuselung noch eine erhöhte Bogenzahl durch Auslösung des latenten Kräuselvermögens aufweisen. Dies war besonders überraschend, da man im allgemeinen der Ansicht war, daß eine Erhöhung der Intensität der latenten Kräuselung nur mit stetiger Zunahme der Verstreckung erfolgt.It was particularly surprising that with the method according to the invention it is possible, with a relatively low draw ratio, to obtain fibers which, in addition to the sheets, also have an increased number of sheets due to the crimping due to the triggering of the latent crimping capacity. This was particularly surprising since it was generally believed that the latent crimp intensity increased only with constant stretching.
Die Erfindung wird durch folgendes Beispiel näher erläutert:The invention is illustrated by the following example:
Beispielexample
An einer Bikomponentenspinnanlage wurde Spinnware mit exzentrischem Querschnitt aus Standardpolyester im Kern und Polyethylen im Mantel hergestellt. Der Gesamtdurchsatz mit einem Kem-/Mantelverhältnis von 50/50 betrug bei einer 827 Loch Düse 380 g/min pro Spinnstelle. Der dabei eingestellt Einzelspinntiter betrug 4,60 dtex. Die Abzugsgeschwindigkeit lag bei 1 000 m/min. Die Massetemperatur des Polyesters betrug 285° C, die des Polyethylens 265° C. Abgekühlt wurden die gesponnenen Filamente mit einer Innen/ Außenanblasung über eine Anblaslänge von 500 mm und einem Luftvolumenstrom von 280 m3/h bei einer Lufttemperatur von 40° C. Vor dem Zusammenfachen wurden die Filamente noch mit einer üblichen Avivage präpariert. Anschließend wurde die Spinnware einer konventionellen Faserbandstraße vorgelegt und weiterverarbeitet. Die Verstreckung in dem angegebenen Bereich, speziell in dem konkreten Fall für einen Endtiter von 3,0 dtex, erfolgte bei einem Verstreckverhältnis von 1,7 zwischen rotierenden Walzen. Die Temperatur der Walzen, bei welcher die Verstreckung ausgelöst wurde, betrag 50° C. Nach einer anschließenden Trocknung des Kabels wiederum auf rotierenden Walzen bei einer Temperatur von 105° C wurde das Faserkabel in einer Stauchkammerkräuselmaschine mechanisch gekräuselt und dann bei 60° C in einem Plattenbandtrockner getrocknet. Das Schneiden der Fasem erfolgte mit einer konventionellen Stapelfaserschneidmaschine. A bicomponent spinning system was used to produce spun fabric with an eccentric cross-section from standard polyester in the core and polyethylene in the jacket. The total throughput with a core / shell ratio of 50/50 was 380 g / min per spinning station with an 827 hole nozzle. The individual spider titer set was 4.60 dtex. The take-off speed was 1,000 m / min. The melt temperature of the polyester was 285 ° C, that of the polyethylene 265 ° C. The spun filaments were cooled with an inside / outside blowing over a blowing length of 500 mm and an air volume flow of 280 m 3 / h at an air temperature of 40 ° C. To simplify, the filaments were prepared with a conventional finishing agent. The spun fabric was then presented to a conventional sliver mill and processed further. The stretching in the specified range, especially in the specific case for a final titer of 3.0 dtex, was carried out at a stretching ratio of 1.7 between rotating rollers. The temperature of the rolls at which the stretching was triggered was 50 ° C. After the cable had subsequently been dried again on rotating rolls at a temperature of 105 ° C., the fiber cable was mechanically crimped in a stuffer box crimping machine and then at 60 ° C. in one Belt dryer dried. The fibers were cut with a conventional staple fiber cutting machine.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer exzentrischen Bikomponentenfaser des Kern/Mantel-Typs mit weichem Griff und verbesserter latenter Kräuselung, indem man durch Schmelzspinnen von Polyester als Kernkomponente und Polyethylen als Mantelkomponente mit einer Spinngeschwindigkeit von 600 bis 2000 m/min. eine exzentrische Kern/Mantel-Faser mit einem Mantelanteil bezogen auf den Querschnitt der Faser von 35 bis 70 % herstellt, die so erhaltene Faser bei einer Temperatur von 40 bis 70° C um das Verhältnis Wmax ± 20 % verstreckt und sodann stauchkräuselt, wobei unter Wmax das Verstreckverhältnis zu verstehen ist, bei dem die Bogenzahl pro cm (Bg / cm) ein Maximum erreicht.1. A process for producing an eccentric core / sheath type bicomponent fiber with a soft hand and improved latent crimp by melt spinning polyester as the core component and polyethylene as the sheath component at a spinning speed of 600 to 2000 m / min. produces an eccentric core / sheath fiber with a sheath proportion based on the cross section of the fiber of 35 to 70%, the fiber thus obtained at a temperature of 40 to 70 ° C by the ratio W max ± 20% and then crimped, whereby W max is the draw ratio at which the number of sheets per cm (Bg / cm) reaches a maximum.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spinngeschwindigkeit 600 bis 1 400 m/min. beträgt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the spinning speed 600 to 1 400 m / min. is.
3. Verfahren nach Ansprach 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man bei einer Temperatur von 50 bis 60° C verstreckt.3. The method according spoke 1 or 2, characterized in that stretching at a temperature of 50 to 60 ° C.
4. Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Bikomponentenfaser als Kern/Mantel-Faser mit extremer Exzentrizität herstellt.4. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bicomponent fiber is produced as a core / sheath fiber with extreme eccentricity.
5. Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als Polyester Polyethylenterephthalat verwendet. 5. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the polyester used is polyethylene terephthalate.
6. Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Faser mit einem Titer nach dem Verstrecken von 2 bis 7 dtex herstellt.6. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the fiber is produced with a titer after stretching from 2 to 7 dtex.
7. Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Verstreckung mit einem Verhältnis VVmax im Bereich von 1,4 bis 2,4 ± 20 % durchfuhrt.7. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that one carries out the drawing with a ratio VV max in the range of 1.4 to 2.4 ± 20%.
8. Verwendung der Bikomponentenfasem hergestellt nach einem Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 zur Herstellung von hygienischen Produkten.8. Use of the bicomponent fibers produced by a method according to at least one of claims 1 to 7 for the production of hygienic products.
9. Verwendung nach Anspruch 8 zur Herstellung von hygienischen textilen Flächengebilden.9. Use according to claim 8 for the production of hygienic textile fabrics.
10. Verwendung nach Anspruch 9 zur Herstellung von Vliesen.10. Use according to claim 9 for the production of nonwovens.
11. Verwendung nach Ansprach 9 oder 10 zur Herstellung von Windeln.11. Use according spoke 9 or 10 for the manufacture of diapers.
12. Verwendung nach Ansprach 9 oder 10 zur Herstellung von Binden oder Einlagen. 12. Use according to spoke 9 or 10 for the production of sanitary napkins or inserts.
EP03807760A 2002-09-26 2003-07-26 Eccentric polyester-polyethylene-bicomponent fibre Expired - Lifetime EP1543187B1 (en)

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WO2004033771A1 (en) 2004-04-22
KR20050045942A (en) 2005-05-17
DE10244778A1 (en) 2004-04-08
ATE333526T1 (en) 2006-08-15
PT1543187E (en) 2006-12-29
EP1543187B1 (en) 2006-07-19
KR101057424B1 (en) 2011-08-19
JP4376185B2 (en) 2009-12-02
US20050093197A1 (en) 2005-05-05
DE10244778B4 (en) 2006-06-14
DK1543187T3 (en) 2006-10-30
CN1308508C (en) 2007-04-04
DE50304302D1 (en) 2006-08-31
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