EP1540169B2 - Fuel supply system - Google Patents

Fuel supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1540169B2
EP1540169B2 EP03766424A EP03766424A EP1540169B2 EP 1540169 B2 EP1540169 B2 EP 1540169B2 EP 03766424 A EP03766424 A EP 03766424A EP 03766424 A EP03766424 A EP 03766424A EP 1540169 B2 EP1540169 B2 EP 1540169B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
pressure
pressure accumulator
accumulator unit
flow communication
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03766424A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1540169A1 (en
EP1540169B1 (en
Inventor
Kai Lehtonen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wartsila Finland Oy
Original Assignee
Wartsila Finland Oy
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Publication date
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Application filed by Wartsila Finland Oy filed Critical Wartsila Finland Oy
Publication of EP1540169A1 publication Critical patent/EP1540169A1/en
Publication of EP1540169B1 publication Critical patent/EP1540169B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1540169B2 publication Critical patent/EP1540169B2/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
    • F02M55/025—Common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/40—Fuel-injection apparatus with fuel accumulators, e.g. a fuel injector having an integrated fuel accumulator

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel supply system in accordance with the preamble of claim 1 comprising at least a fuel source and a high-pressure pump in flow communication therewith for raising the fuel pressure up to an increased pressure, at least two fuel injectors arranged in conjunction with engine cylinders, each of which injectors is in flow communication with the high-pressure pump, and where an individual pressure accumulator unit is connected to each fuel injector, respectively.
  • an elongated pressure accumulator unit causes, among other things, vibration problems in the fuel pressure.
  • EP 968367 B1 discloses a fuel injection arrangement, where a large uniform space is divided into high-pressure lines leading to their respective injectors, where a pressure accumulator is provided. Even if this kind of an arrangement as such would decrease the pressure vibration in the fuel, it is not applicable in large engines using high-viscous fuel. When the engine is not running, fuel is stored in each separate accumulator and when chilled, the fuel becomes stiff and does not flow freely enough for providing a troublefree running of the engine, when it is restarted.
  • Document EP 0 959 245 A2 shows a fuel supply system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the intermediate document EP 1 314 883 A2 shows a fluel supply system with an intermediate pressure accumulator to which several high pressure pumps are connected.
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a fuel supply system, where the problems related to the prior art are minimized.
  • the fuel supply system in accordance with the invention comprises at least a fuel source and a high-pressure pump in flow communication therewith for raising the fuel pressure up to an increased pressure and at least two fuel injectors arranged in conjunction with engine cylinders, each of which injectors is in flow communication with the high-pressure pump via a pressure accumulator unit. At least one pressure accumulator unit is in connection with both the fuel injector and at least one other pressure accumulator unit for fuel.
  • Each of the latter pressure accumulator units for fuel in the flow direction of the fuel is in flow communication with the pressure-increasing pump only via the former pressure accumulator unit in the flow direction of the fuel.
  • the last pressure accumulator unit for fuel is in controllable flow communication with the fuel source via a separate return channel or the like, and provided with a valve.
  • the fuel supply system comprises a plurality of pressure accumulator units, each of which is connected to its respective fuel injector and to the next pressure accumulator unit in the flow direction of the fuel, except for the last one.
  • the pressure-increasing pump is substantially in direct flow communication with only one pressure accumulator unit and each of the other pressure accumulator units is connected to the pressure accumulator unit preceding it in the flow direction of the fuel.
  • the fuel supply system comprises at least a third pressure accumulator unit after the pressure-increasing pump, through which accumulator unit all the fuel to be supplied is arranged to pass.
  • the fuel circulation it is possible to arrange the fuel circulation so that in the flow circuit only very short ducts connecting the pressure accumulator units and the injectors will remain outside the circuit.
  • most of the fuel may be circulated by the fuel supply system e.g. for preheating the fuel before the engine start.
  • an efficient and quick-operated injection is provided by the adjacent location of the pressure accumulator units and injectors, and further, this may be combined with the efficient fuel circulation brought about by the interconnection.
  • a highly applicable and advantageous arrangement is provided by this solution, especially for fuels with high viscosity.
  • an equal injection rate to each cylinder is achieved, as the size of the pressure accumulator unit for each individual injection valve may be dimensioned optimally. When this kind of an arrangement is used, also the pressure vibrations are very small.
  • Fig. 1 is a highly schematic illustration and it only shows the necessary elements for describing the basic idea of the present invention.
  • the reference number 1 refers to the cylinders of the application of the invention, i.e. of a piston engine.
  • the number of cylinders is four, but it is evident that the number of cylinders may vary, and it is also evident that for instance in so-called V-engines there are two cylinder rows next to each other.
  • a fuel injector 2 is arranged in conjunction with each cylinder 1.
  • the supply system comprises a fuel source 3, such as a fuel tank, from which fuel is pumped through a fuel pipe 4 with the aid of a high-pressure pump 5 further on in the system to a pressure, which is higher than the pressure of the fuel source.
  • the high-pressure pump 5 is via a fuel pipe 8 connected to a pressure accumulator unit 6, through which all the fuel to be supplied passes.
  • the pressure accumulator unit 6 is provided with a connection to the pressure accumulator unit 7.1 of the first injector 2.1 in the flow direction of the fuel.
  • the fuel passes to all injectors 2.1 - 2.N also through this pressure accumulator unit 7.1.
  • Each injector 2.1. - 2.N is provided with its respective pressure accumulator unit 7.1 - 7.N connected by a relatively short duct 9.1 - 9.N.
  • the pressure accumulator unit connected to the injector is in connection with both the fuel injector and another pressure accumulator unit for fuel in the flow direction of the fuel, except for the last pressure accumulator unit, whereby the pressure accumulator units 7.1 - 7.N are located in the branch point of a section of the fuel supply duct 8 and a section of the fuel duct 8 taking fuel to the next pressure accumulator unit, except for the last pressure accumulator unit 7.N, and the fuel duct 9.1 - 9.N taking fuel to the injector 2.1 - 2.N.
  • a duct 9 from the last pressure accumulator unit 7.N leading back to the fuel source 3 is provided.
  • the duct 9 is provided with a valve 10, by which the quantity of fuel circulating through the system may be adjusted. In V-engine application two rows would be connected to the pressure accumulator 6.
  • the high-pressure pump 5 When the engine is started after a longer shut-down period the high-pressure pump 5 is started and valve 10 is opened and the fuel starts flowing.
  • the fuel may be circulated by a fuel transfer pump, not shown here. While circulating through each accumulator unit 6, 7.1,7.N and duct 9 back to the tank 3 fuel heats up and it will run fluently enough for trouble-free operation of the engine.
  • Figure 2 there is shown an embodiment which is otherwise corresponding to embodiment of Figure 1 but where several fuel injectors 21.,2.2,2.3;2.4,2.5,2.N are connected to one pressure accumulator 7.1;7.N.
  • This may be advantageous e.g. in smaller engines where the fuel ducts 9.1 - 9.N taking fuel to the injectors 2.1 - 2.N may still be substantially short.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Fuel supply system comprising at least a fuel source and a high-pressure pump in flow communication therewith for raising the fuel pressure up to an increased pressure, at least two fuel injectors arranged in conjunction with engine cylinders, each of which injectors is in flow communication with the high-pressure pump, and via a pressure accumulator unit. At least one pressure accumulator unit is in connection with both the fuel injector and at least one other pressure accumulator unit for fuel.

Description

  • The present invention relates to a fuel supply system in accordance with the preamble of claim 1 comprising at least a fuel source and a high-pressure pump in flow communication therewith for raising the fuel pressure up to an increased pressure, at least two fuel injectors arranged in conjunction with engine cylinders, each of which injectors is in flow communication with the high-pressure pump, and where an individual pressure accumulator unit is connected to each fuel injector, respectively.
  • For improving the operation of piston engines a so-called common rail fuel supply system is commonly used, where the pressure supply and the injection control are separated from each other. Thus, a more precise fuel injection has been achieved as to its timing and volume for instance. In large engines, which have e.g. more than six cylinders in a row, an elongated pressure accumulator unit causes, among other things, vibration problems in the fuel pressure.
  • EP 968367 B1 discloses a fuel injection arrangement, where a large uniform space is divided into high-pressure lines leading to their respective injectors, where a pressure accumulator is provided. Even if this kind of an arrangement as such would decrease the pressure vibration in the fuel, it is not applicable in large engines using high-viscous fuel. When the engine is not running, fuel is stored in each separate accumulator and when chilled, the fuel becomes stiff and does not flow freely enough for providing a troublefree running of the engine, when it is restarted.
  • Document EP 0 959 245 A2 shows a fuel supply system according to the preamble of claim 1. The intermediate document EP 1 314 883 A2 shows a fluel supply system with an intermediate pressure accumulator to which several high pressure pumps are connected.
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a fuel supply system, where the problems related to the prior art are minimized.
  • The aims of the invention are achieved as is described in claim 1.
  • The fuel supply system in accordance with the invention comprises at least a fuel source and a high-pressure pump in flow communication therewith for raising the fuel pressure up to an increased pressure and at least two fuel injectors arranged in conjunction with engine cylinders, each of which injectors is in flow communication with the high-pressure pump via a pressure accumulator unit. At least one pressure accumulator unit is in connection with both the fuel injector and at least one other pressure accumulator unit for fuel.
  • Each of the latter pressure accumulator units for fuel in the flow direction of the fuel is in flow communication with the pressure-increasing pump only via the former pressure accumulator unit in the flow direction of the fuel. In the flow direction of the fuel the last pressure accumulator unit for fuel is in controllable flow communication with the fuel source via a separate return channel or the like, and provided with a valve. Preferably, the fuel supply system comprises a plurality of pressure accumulator units, each of which is connected to its respective fuel injector and to the next pressure accumulator unit in the flow direction of the fuel, except for the last one.
  • The pressure-increasing pump is substantially in direct flow communication with only one pressure accumulator unit and each of the other pressure accumulator units is connected to the pressure accumulator unit preceding it in the flow direction of the fuel. Thus, an interconnection enabling efficient fuel circulation and simultaneously preventing efficiently the development of pressure vibrations is provided.
  • The fuel supply system comprises at least a third pressure accumulator unit after the pressure-increasing pump, through which accumulator unit all the fuel to be supplied is arranged to pass.
  • By the invention it is possible to arrange the fuel circulation so that in the flow circuit only very short ducts connecting the pressure accumulator units and the injectors will remain outside the circuit. Thus, most of the fuel may be circulated by the fuel supply system e.g. for preheating the fuel before the engine start. By using the arrangement an efficient and quick-operated injection is provided by the adjacent location of the pressure accumulator units and injectors, and further, this may be combined with the efficient fuel circulation brought about by the interconnection. Thus, a highly applicable and advantageous arrangement is provided by this solution, especially for fuels with high viscosity. In addition, an equal injection rate to each cylinder is achieved, as the size of the pressure accumulator unit for each individual injection valve may be dimensioned optimally. When this kind of an arrangement is used, also the pressure vibrations are very small.
  • In the following the invention is described by way of example with reference to the attached drawings, in which
    • Fig. 1 shows schematically an embodiment of the invention, and
    • Fig. 2 shows schematically another embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a highly schematic illustration and it only shows the necessary elements for describing the basic idea of the present invention. The reference number 1 refers to the cylinders of the application of the invention, i.e. of a piston engine. Here, the number of cylinders is four, but it is evident that the number of cylinders may vary, and it is also evident that for instance in so-called V-engines there are two cylinder rows next to each other. A fuel injector 2 is arranged in conjunction with each cylinder 1. The supply system comprises a fuel source 3, such as a fuel tank, from which fuel is pumped through a fuel pipe 4 with the aid of a high-pressure pump 5 further on in the system to a pressure, which is higher than the pressure of the fuel source. The high-pressure pump 5 is via a fuel pipe 8 connected to a pressure accumulator unit 6, through which all the fuel to be supplied passes. The pressure accumulator unit 6 is provided with a connection to the pressure accumulator unit 7.1 of the first injector 2.1 in the flow direction of the fuel. The fuel passes to all injectors 2.1 - 2.N also through this pressure accumulator unit 7.1. Each injector 2.1. - 2.N is provided with its respective pressure accumulator unit 7.1 - 7.N connected by a relatively short duct 9.1 - 9.N. Thus the number of injectors and pressure accumulator units varies depending on the engine, but in any case the pressure accumulator unit connected to the injector is in connection with both the fuel injector and another pressure accumulator unit for fuel in the flow direction of the fuel, except for the last pressure accumulator unit, whereby the pressure accumulator units 7.1 - 7.N are located in the branch point of a section of the fuel supply duct 8 and a section of the fuel duct 8 taking fuel to the next pressure accumulator unit, except for the last pressure accumulator unit 7.N, and the fuel duct 9.1 - 9.N taking fuel to the injector 2.1 - 2.N. A duct 9 from the last pressure accumulator unit 7.N leading back to the fuel source 3 is provided. The duct 9 is provided with a valve 10, by which the quantity of fuel circulating through the system may be adjusted. In V-engine application two rows would be connected to the pressure accumulator 6.
  • When the engine is started after a longer shut-down period the high-pressure pump 5 is started and valve 10 is opened and the fuel starts flowing. Alternatively the fuel may be circulated by a fuel transfer pump, not shown here. While circulating through each accumulator unit 6, 7.1,7.N and duct 9 back to the tank 3 fuel heats up and it will run fluently enough for trouble-free operation of the engine.
  • In Figure 2 there is shown an embodiment which is otherwise corresponding to embodiment of Figure 1 but where several fuel injectors 21.,2.2,2.3;2.4,2.5,2.N are connected to one pressure accumulator 7.1;7.N. This may be advantageous e.g. in smaller engines where the fuel ducts 9.1 - 9.N taking fuel to the injectors 2.1 - 2.N may still be substantially short.
  • The invention is not limited to the above-described applications, but several other modifications are conceivable in the scope of the appended claim.

Claims (1)

  1. A fuel supply system comprising at least a fuel source (3) and a high-pressure pump (5) in flow communication therewith for raising the fuel pressure up to an increased pressure, at least two fuel injectors (2.1-2.N) arranged in conjunction with engine cylinders (1), each of which injectors (2.1- 2.N) is in flow communication with the high-pressure pump (5), via a plurality of pressure accumulator units (7.1-7.1) whereby
    each of the plurality of pressure accumulator units (7.1- 7.N) is connected to its respective fuel injector,
    the pressure-increasing pump (5) is substantially in direct flow communication with only one pressure accumulator unit (7.1.),
    each of the latter pressure accumulator units (7.2) in the flow direction of the fuel is in flow communication with the pressure-increasing pump (5) only via the former pressure accumulator unit (7. 1) in the flow direction of the fuel, and
    the last pressure accumulator unit (7.N) for fuel in the flow direction of the fuel is in controllable flow communication (9,10) with the fuel source (3), characterized in that
    it comprises at least a further pressure accumulator unit (6) after the pressure-increasing pump (5), through which unit all the fuel to be supplied is arranged to pass, whereby all the fuel is fed to the further pressure accumulator unit (6) via one duct (8).
EP03766424A 2002-08-02 2003-07-17 Fuel supply system Expired - Lifetime EP1540169B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20021432A FI117349B (en) 2002-08-02 2002-08-02 Fuel supply system
FI20021432 2002-08-02
PCT/FI2003/000570 WO2004013487A1 (en) 2002-08-02 2003-07-17 Fuel supply system

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1540169A1 EP1540169A1 (en) 2005-06-15
EP1540169B1 EP1540169B1 (en) 2006-05-03
EP1540169B2 true EP1540169B2 (en) 2009-07-15

Family

ID=8564399

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03766424A Expired - Lifetime EP1540169B2 (en) 2002-08-02 2003-07-17 Fuel supply system

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1540169B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE325270T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003249130A1 (en)
DE (1) DE60305047T3 (en)
FI (1) FI117349B (en)
WO (1) WO2004013487A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE397723T1 (en) * 2004-06-30 2008-06-15 Fiat Ricerche INJECTION SYSTEM FOR COMBUSTION ENGINE
ATE413528T1 (en) * 2004-06-30 2008-11-15 Fiat Ricerche FUEL INJECTION DEVICE FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
DE102004055266A1 (en) 2004-11-17 2006-05-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system with multiple accumulators
DE102005012928A1 (en) * 2005-03-21 2006-09-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection device for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine
ATE471451T1 (en) 2006-04-12 2010-07-15 Man B & W Diesel As LARGE TWO-STROKE CROSSHEAD DIESEL ENGINE WITH DC FURGE
CN102251895B (en) * 2006-04-12 2013-03-27 曼柴油机和涡轮公司,德国曼柴油机和涡轮欧洲股份公司的联营公司 Crosshead-shaped large uniflow-type dual-stroke diesel engine
DE102006027486A1 (en) 2006-06-14 2007-12-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine
EP1918572B1 (en) * 2006-10-24 2009-10-14 Continental Automotive GmbH Fuel rail
DE102007034317A1 (en) * 2007-07-24 2009-01-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Internal combustion engine with several cylinders
DE102011005096A1 (en) 2011-03-04 2012-09-06 Man Diesel & Turbo Se internal combustion engine

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0959245A2 (en) † 1998-05-20 1999-11-24 Wärtsilä NSD OY AB Fuel feeding system
EP1130251A1 (en) † 2000-03-01 2001-09-05 Wärtsilä NSD Schweiz AG Pump arrangement for a common rail injection system
EP1314883A2 (en) † 2001-11-21 2003-05-28 MAN B & W Diesel AG Common rail fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine with multiple cylinders

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4341546A1 (en) * 1993-12-07 1995-06-08 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection device for internal combustion engines
DE4344190A1 (en) * 1993-12-23 1995-06-29 Orange Gmbh Fuel injector with high pressure fuel accumulator
DE19712135C1 (en) * 1997-03-22 1998-08-13 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Fuel injection system for internal combustion engine
DE19842067A1 (en) * 1998-09-15 2000-03-16 Daimler Chrysler Ag Fuel injection system for diesel internal combustion engine has accumulator associated directly with each injector to eliminate fuel pressure fluctuations

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0959245A2 (en) † 1998-05-20 1999-11-24 Wärtsilä NSD OY AB Fuel feeding system
EP1130251A1 (en) † 2000-03-01 2001-09-05 Wärtsilä NSD Schweiz AG Pump arrangement for a common rail injection system
EP1314883A2 (en) † 2001-11-21 2003-05-28 MAN B & W Diesel AG Common rail fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine with multiple cylinders

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003249130A1 (en) 2004-02-23
EP1540169A1 (en) 2005-06-15
ATE325270T1 (en) 2006-06-15
DE60305047T3 (en) 2009-11-19
FI20021432A0 (en) 2002-08-02
WO2004013487A1 (en) 2004-02-12
EP1540169B1 (en) 2006-05-03
FI117349B (en) 2006-09-15
DE60305047T2 (en) 2006-09-28
FI20021432A (en) 2004-02-03
DE60305047D1 (en) 2006-06-08

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