EP1523382A1 - Device for separating aerosols or gas particles - Google Patents

Device for separating aerosols or gas particles

Info

Publication number
EP1523382A1
EP1523382A1 EP03765032A EP03765032A EP1523382A1 EP 1523382 A1 EP1523382 A1 EP 1523382A1 EP 03765032 A EP03765032 A EP 03765032A EP 03765032 A EP03765032 A EP 03765032A EP 1523382 A1 EP1523382 A1 EP 1523382A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
separator
flow
corona electrode
electrode
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03765032A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1523382B1 (en
Inventor
Manfred Tumbrink
Heinz Fissan
Frank Jordan
Christoph Kleinert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mann and Hummel GmbH
Original Assignee
Mann and Hummel GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mann and Hummel GmbH filed Critical Mann and Hummel GmbH
Publication of EP1523382A1 publication Critical patent/EP1523382A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1523382B1 publication Critical patent/EP1523382B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes
    • B03C3/80—Cleaning the electrodes by gas or solid particle blasting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/12—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by separation of ionising and collecting stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
    • B03C3/49—Collecting-electrodes tubular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0466—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil with electrostatic means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/19—Crankcase ventilation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/38—Tubular collector electrode

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for separating aerosols or particles from gases according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
  • a device for an internal combustion engine is known from EP 0 685 635, with which oil or oil mist is separated from the crankcase gases.
  • This so-called crankcase ventilation has a flow-through ventilation line, in the course of which at least one oil separator is arranged, from which a return line for separated oil is led to the crankcase.
  • the oil separator is an electrostatic precipitator and is designed as a tubular electrostatic precipitator.
  • the electrostatic filter consists of a discharge electrode which is arranged in the interior of the tube through which the flow passes, an electrical DC field being generated between the tube wall and the discharge electrode for charging the oil droplets flowing through. These separate on the inside of the flowed tube and form an oil film there. This oil film flows towards the oil pan.
  • a disadvantage of this device can be seen in the fact that the corona electrode is in the aerosol flow and there is therefore a risk of contamination of the electrode. This contamination changes the electrostatic conditions and thus the separation effect. Cleaning the electrode is not possible due to the installation conditions.
  • An oil separator device in particular for internal combustion engines of motor vehicles, is also known from DE 196 42 218.
  • This consists of an oil separator arranged in a housing.
  • the oil separating element has a first and a second electrode, each connected to a high-voltage source, both being arranged in the flow path of the oil gas mixture and having different polarities. With this arrangement there is also the risk that dirt particles will accumulate on the electrodes and thus significantly impair the effectiveness of the separator.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device for separating aerosols or particles from gases, which has a high functionality and contamination of the charge generator is avoided. This object is achieved in accordance with the characterizing features of independent claim 1.
  • the main advantage of the invention is that the corona electrode is essentially outside the gas flow and thus no particles or liquids can accumulate on the corona electrode.
  • the charge generated by the corona electrode is transported via an air or gas volume flow into the area of the gases to be cleaned.
  • an inactive, inert gas such as nitrogen.
  • Another advantage of the device is that the charge generation is not subject to the constant need to adapt the electric field to varying distances due to the contamination or, if appropriate, burn-up. In the previously known systems, it is necessary to change the electrical field according to the degree of contamination in order to maintain the separation effect. This can be avoided by the structure described.
  • the corona electrode is surrounded by an outer electrode.
  • the electric field forms between these two electrodes.
  • the electrical charge carriers are discharged via an air volume flow between the corona electrode and the outer electrode.
  • the separator is a so-called cylinder capacitor.
  • This consists of at least two hollow cylinders arranged concentrically to one another.
  • the flow housing itself as a capacitor surface.
  • a plurality of hollow cylinders arranged one inside the other or also separator plates arranged parallel to one another can be provided.
  • a plate capacitor can also be used.
  • the design of the separator is arbitrary and can be adapted to the available space.
  • Another embodiment of the invention provides for the flow housing to be designed as part of the crankcase of an internal combustion engine. As a result, the aerosol separating device can be integrated into an internal combustion engine and is suitable for separating oil mists from the crankcase gases.
  • a further development of the invention also lies in the cleaning of the air volume flow by an upstream filter. This filter ensures that the air flow does not carry any particles that accumulate on the corona electrode.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that an additional oil separator in the form of a centrifugal force, impact or fiber separator is connected upstream of the electrical separator. This can also serve to increase the efficiency.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a device for separating aerosols or particles from gases.
  • the internal combustion engine 10 shown schematically in FIG. 1 is provided with a crankcase 11.
  • This housing encloses the cylinder block 19, at least in the upper region, in which the schematically represented cylinders with the corresponding corresponding piston 20 are located.
  • the so-called blow-by gas which arises during the work of the internal combustion engine, flows into the cavity 21 between the cylinder block and the crankcase 11 and arrives at a separator 18 according to the arrows 12 and 17.
  • the blow-by gas is an aerosol flow, ie an air flow contaminated with liquid.
  • the function of the separator 18 is to separate the air flow from the liquid or from the liquid constituents.
  • the separator 18 is structurally similar to a cylinder capacitor.
  • this separator is connected to a direct voltage source, so that an electric field is formed between the two cylinders.
  • a so-called charging unit is provided upstream of the separator. This consists of an ion source or a corona electrode 14 and an outer electrode 13. An electrical voltage between the outer electrode and the corona electrode causes a discharge at the tip 22, i. H. generation of charge carriers. Other designs of the charging unit are conceivable.
  • an air volume flow is conducted between the outer electrode and the corona electrode.
  • This air volume flow emerges at the tip 22 of the ion source.
  • the ions (charge carriers) generated due to the voltage accumulate on the droplets or particles in the immediate vicinity.
  • the droplets thus electrically charged are separated in the separator 18 in the electric field.
  • the air volume flow shown according to arrow 15 can be cleaned by an appropriate filter system before entering the ion source.
  • the filter system is a commercially available particle filter.
  • the air volume flow flows in via a slight overpressure. The extraction of the cleaned blow-by gas.
  • a suitable vacuum system is used, which is generally known and is not explained in more detail here. Of course, a pump can also be used to generate negative pressure.
  • the injection of the charge carriers or the charge carrier stream 16 can vary in accordance with the amount of blow-by gas that is produced. The variation is determined by the degree of separation required.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus for separating aerosols or particles from a gas stream composed of a flow housing through which the gas containing the components to be separated flows, a separator, which is arranged in the flow housing, and a corona electrode, which is provided upstream of the separator in the direction of flow. The corona electrode is located substantially outside the gas flow. An air volume stream from the corona electrode flows into to the gas flow to transport charge carriers generated by the corona electrode into a charging zone in the flow housing.

Description

Einrichtung zum Abscheiden von Aerosolen oder Partikeln aus Gasen Device for separating aerosols or particles from gases
Beschreibungdescription
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zum Abscheiden von Aerosolen oder Partikeln aus Gasen nach dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for separating aerosols or particles from gases according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
Aus der EP 0 685 635 ist eine Einrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, mit welcher Öl oder Ölnebel aus den Kurbelgehäusegasen abgeschieden wird. Diese sogenannte Kurbelgehäuseentlüftung weist eine durchströmbare Entlüftungsleitung auf, in deren Verlauf mindestens ein Olabscheider angeordnet ist von dem aus eine Rücklaufleitung für abgeschiedenes Öl zum Kurbelgehäuse geführt ist. Der Olabscheider ist ein Elektrofilter und als Rohrelektrofilter ausgebildet. Der Elektrofilter besteht aus einer Entladungselektrode, die im Inneren des durchströmten Rohres angeordnet ist, wobei zwischen der Rohrwandung und der Entladungselektrode ein elektrisches Gleichfeld erzeugt wird zur Aufladung der durchströmenden Öltröpfchen. Diese scheiden sich an der Innenseite des durchströmten Rohres ab und bilden dort einen Ölfilm. Dieser Ölfilm fließt in Richtung Ölwanne. Ein Nachteil dieser Einrichtung ist darin zu sehen, dass die Koronaelektrode sich im Aerosolstrom befindet und damit die Gefahr der Verschmutzung der Elektrode besteht. Durch diese Verschmutzung ändern sich die elektrostatischen Ver- hältnisse und damit auch die Abscheidewirkung. Eine Abreinigung der Elektrode ist aufgrund der Einbauverhältnisse nicht möglich.A device for an internal combustion engine is known from EP 0 685 635, with which oil or oil mist is separated from the crankcase gases. This so-called crankcase ventilation has a flow-through ventilation line, in the course of which at least one oil separator is arranged, from which a return line for separated oil is led to the crankcase. The oil separator is an electrostatic precipitator and is designed as a tubular electrostatic precipitator. The electrostatic filter consists of a discharge electrode which is arranged in the interior of the tube through which the flow passes, an electrical DC field being generated between the tube wall and the discharge electrode for charging the oil droplets flowing through. These separate on the inside of the flowed tube and form an oil film there. This oil film flows towards the oil pan. A disadvantage of this device can be seen in the fact that the corona electrode is in the aerosol flow and there is therefore a risk of contamination of the electrode. This contamination changes the electrostatic conditions and thus the separation effect. Cleaning the electrode is not possible due to the installation conditions.
Es ist weiterhin aus der DE 196 42 218 eine Ölabscheidevorrichtung, insbesondere für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen von Kraftfahrzeugen bekannt. Diese besteht aus einem in einem Gehäuse angeordneten Ölabscheideelement. Das Ölabscheideelement weist eine erste und eine zweite jeweils mit einer Hochspannungsquelle verbundene Elektrode auf, wobei beide im Strömungsweg des Ölgasgemisches angeordnet sind und unterschiedliche Polarität besitzen. Auch bei dieser Anordnung besteht die Gefahr, dass sich Schmutzpartikel an den Elektroden anlagern und damit die Wirkung des Abscheiders erheblich beeinträchtigen.An oil separator device, in particular for internal combustion engines of motor vehicles, is also known from DE 196 42 218. This consists of an oil separator arranged in a housing. The oil separating element has a first and a second electrode, each connected to a high-voltage source, both being arranged in the flow path of the oil gas mixture and having different polarities. With this arrangement there is also the risk that dirt particles will accumulate on the electrodes and thus significantly impair the effectiveness of the separator.
BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Einrichtung zum Abscheiden von Aerosolen oder Partikeln aus Gasen zu schaffen, welche eine hohe Funktionalität aufweist und eine Verschmutzung des Ladungserzeugers vermieden wird. Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 gelöst.BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE The invention has for its object to provide a device for separating aerosols or particles from gases, which has a high functionality and contamination of the charge generator is avoided. This object is achieved in accordance with the characterizing features of independent claim 1.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Der wesentliche Vorteil der Erfindung liegt darin, dass die Koronaelektrode sich im wesentlichen außerhalb der Gasströmung befindet und damit keine Partikel oder keine Flüssigkeiten sich an der Koronaelektrode anlagern können. Die von der Koronaelektrode erzeugte Ladung wird über einen Luft- oder Gasvolumenstrom in den Bereich der zu rei- nigenden Gase transportiert. Bei der Anwendung eines Gasvolumenstroms ist es zweckmäßig, ein inaktives, reaktionsträges Gas, wie beispielsweise Stickstoff, zu verwenden.The main advantage of the invention is that the corona electrode is essentially outside the gas flow and thus no particles or liquids can accumulate on the corona electrode. The charge generated by the corona electrode is transported via an air or gas volume flow into the area of the gases to be cleaned. When using a gas volume flow, it is expedient to use an inactive, inert gas, such as nitrogen.
Ein weiterer Vorteil der Einrichtung besteht darin, dass die Ladungserzeugung nicht dem ständigen Erfordernis der Anpassung des elektrischen Feldes an variierende Abstände durch die Verschmutzung bzw. gegebenenfalls Abbrand unterliegt. Bei den bisher bekannten Systemen ist es erforderlich, das elektrische Feld entsprechend des Verschmutzungsgrades zu verändern um die Abscheidewirkung aufrecht zu erhalten. Dies läßt sich durch den beschriebenen Aufbau vermeiden.Another advantage of the device is that the charge generation is not subject to the constant need to adapt the electric field to varying distances due to the contamination or, if appropriate, burn-up. In the previously known systems, it is necessary to change the electrical field according to the degree of contamination in order to maintain the separation effect. This can be avoided by the structure described.
Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Koronaelektrode von einer Außenelekt- rode umgeben. Das elektrische Feld bildet sich zwischen diesen beiden Elektroden aus. Die elektrischen Ladungsträger werden über einen Luftvolumenstrom zwischen Koronaelektrode und Außenelektrode abgeleitet.According to one embodiment of the invention, the corona electrode is surrounded by an outer electrode. The electric field forms between these two electrodes. The electrical charge carriers are discharged via an air volume flow between the corona electrode and the outer electrode.
Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht darin, dass der Abscheider ein sogenannter Zylinderkondensator ist. Dieser besteht aus wenigstens zwei konzentrisch zuein- ander angeordneten Hohizylindern. Selbstverständlich besteht auch die Möglichkeit, das Strömungsgehäuse selbst als Kondensatorfläche zu nutzen. Außerdem können mehrere ineinander angeordnete Hohlzylinder oder auch parallel zueinander angeordnete Abscheiderplatten vorgesehen sein. Anstelle des Zylinderkondensators kann auch ein Plattenkondensator angewendet werden. Die Ausbildung des Abscheiders ist beliebig und kann an den vorhandenen Bauraum angepaßt werden. Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, das Strömungsgehäuse als Teil des Kurbelgehäuses einer Brennkraftmaschine auszubilden. Dadurch läßt sich die Aerosolabscheideeinrichtung in eine Brennkraftmaschine integrieren und eignet sich dazu, Ölne- bel aus den Kurbelgehäusegasen auszuscheiden.Another embodiment of the invention is that the separator is a so-called cylinder capacitor. This consists of at least two hollow cylinders arranged concentrically to one another. Of course, there is also the possibility of using the flow housing itself as a capacitor surface. In addition, a plurality of hollow cylinders arranged one inside the other or also separator plates arranged parallel to one another can be provided. Instead of the cylindrical capacitor, a plate capacitor can also be used. The design of the separator is arbitrary and can be adapted to the available space. Another embodiment of the invention provides for the flow housing to be designed as part of the crankcase of an internal combustion engine. As a result, the aerosol separating device can be integrated into an internal combustion engine and is suitable for separating oil mists from the crankcase gases.
Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung liegt ferner in der Reinigung des Luftvolumenstroms durch einen vorgeschalteten Filter. Dieser Filter sorgt dafür, dass der Luftstrom keine Partikel mitführt, die sich an der Koronaelektrode anlagern.A further development of the invention also lies in the cleaning of the air volume flow by an upstream filter. This filter ensures that the air flow does not carry any particles that accumulate on the corona electrode.
Es besteht die Möglichkeit, den Abscheider und / oder die Koronaelektrode mehrstufig auszubilden. Damit läßt sich der Wirkungsgrad noch weiter erhöhen bzw. die Abschei- düng unterschiedlicher Partikelgrößen optimieren.It is possible to design the separator and / or the corona electrode in several stages. The efficiency can thus be increased even further or the separation of different particle sizes can be optimized.
Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dem Elektroabscheider einen zusätzlichen Olabscheider in Form eines Fliehkraft-, Prall- oder Faserabscheider vorzuschalten. Auch dies kann der Erhöhung des Wirkungsgrades dienen.A further embodiment of the invention provides that an additional oil separator in the form of a centrifugal force, impact or fiber separator is connected upstream of the electrical separator. This can also serve to increase the efficiency.
Diese und weitere Merkmale von bevorzugten Weiterbildungen der Erfindung gehen au- ßer aus den Ansprüchen auch aus der Beschreibung und der Zeichnung hervor, wobei die einzelnen Merkmale jeweils für sich allein oder zu mehreren in Form von Unterkombinationen bei der Ausführungsform der Erfindung und auf anderen Gebieten verwirklicht sein und vorteilhafte sowie für sich schutzfähige Ausführungen darstellen können, für die hier Schutz beansprucht wird.These and further features of preferred developments of the invention are evident from the claims and also from the description and the drawing, the individual features being realized individually or in groups in the form of sub-combinations in the embodiment of the invention and in other fields be and can represent advantageous as well as protectable versions for which protection is claimed here.
Zeichnungdrawing
Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden in der Zeichnung anhand von schematischen Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben. Hierbei zeigtFurther details of the invention are described in the drawing using schematic exemplary embodiments. Here shows
Figur 1 die schematische Darstellung einer Einrichtung zum Abscheiden von Aerosolen oder Partikeln aus Gasen.Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a device for separating aerosols or particles from gases.
Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments
Die in Figur 1 schematisch dargestellte Brennkraftmaschine 10 ist mit einem Kurbelgehäuse 11 versehen. Dieses Gehäuse umschließt zumindest im oberen Bereich den Zylinderblock 19, in welchem sich die schematisch dargestellten Zylinder mit den entspre- chenden Kolben 20 befinden. Das sogenannte Blow-By-Gas, welches während der Arbeit der Brennkraftmaschine entsteht, strömt in den Hohlraum 21 zwischen Zylinderblock und Kurbelgehäuse 11 und gelangt aufgrund eines anliegenden Unterdrucks gemäß den Pfeilen 12 und 17 zu einem Abscheider 18. Das Blow-By-Gas ist ein Aerosolstrom, d. h. ein Luftstrom, der mit Flüssigkeit kontaminiert ist.The internal combustion engine 10 shown schematically in FIG. 1 is provided with a crankcase 11. This housing encloses the cylinder block 19, at least in the upper region, in which the schematically represented cylinders with the corresponding corresponding piston 20 are located. The so-called blow-by gas, which arises during the work of the internal combustion engine, flows into the cavity 21 between the cylinder block and the crankcase 11 and arrives at a separator 18 according to the arrows 12 and 17. The blow-by gas is an aerosol flow, ie an air flow contaminated with liquid.
Aufgabe des Abscheiders 18 ist es, den Luftstrom von der Flüssigkeit bzw. von den flüssigen Bestandteilen zu trennen. Der Abscheider 18 ähnelt konstruktiv einem Zylinderkondensator.The function of the separator 18 is to separate the air flow from the liquid or from the liquid constituents. The separator 18 is structurally similar to a cylinder capacitor.
In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist dieser Abscheider mit einer Gleichspan- nungsquelle verbunden, so dass sich ein elektrisches Feld zwischen den beiden Zylindern ausbildet. Stromaufwärts des Abscheiders ist eine sogenannte Aufladungseinheit vorgesehen. Diese besteht aus einer lonenquelle bzw. einer Koronaelektrode 14 sowie einer Außenelektrode 13. Durch eine elektrische Spannung zwischen Außenelektrode und Koronaelektronde entsteht an der Spitze 22 eine Entladung, d. h. eine Erzeugung von Ladungsträgern. Andere Bauformen der Aufladeeinheit sind denkbar.In the exemplary embodiment shown, this separator is connected to a direct voltage source, so that an electric field is formed between the two cylinders. A so-called charging unit is provided upstream of the separator. This consists of an ion source or a corona electrode 14 and an outer electrode 13. An electrical voltage between the outer electrode and the corona electrode causes a discharge at the tip 22, i. H. generation of charge carriers. Other designs of the charging unit are conceivable.
Gemäß Pfeil 15 wird ein Luftvolumenstrom zwischen Außenelektrode und Koronaelektrode geführt. Dieser Luftvolumenstrom tritt an der Spitze 22 der lonenquelle nach außen. Die aufgrund der Spannung erzeugten Ionen (Ladungsträger) lagern sich an den Tröpfchen oder auch Partikeln im unmittelbaren Umgebungsbereich an. Die somit elektrisch geladenen Tröpfchen werden im Abscheider 18 im elektrischen Feld abgeschieden. Der gemäß Pfeil 15 dargestellte Luftvolumenstrom kann durch ein entsprechendes Filtersystem vor Eintritt in die lonenquelle gereinigt werden. Das Filtersystem ist ein handelsüblicher Partikelfilter. Die Einströmung des Luftvolumenstroms erfolgt über einen geringfügigen Überdruck. Die Absaugung des gereinigten Blow-By-Gases. unterhalb des Abschei- ders 18 erfolgt über ein geeignetes Unterdrucksystem, welches allgemein bekannt ist und an dieser Stelle nicht näher erläutert wird. Selbstverständlich kann zur Unterdruckerzeugung auch eine Pumpe genutzt werden.According to arrow 15, an air volume flow is conducted between the outer electrode and the corona electrode. This air volume flow emerges at the tip 22 of the ion source. The ions (charge carriers) generated due to the voltage accumulate on the droplets or particles in the immediate vicinity. The droplets thus electrically charged are separated in the separator 18 in the electric field. The air volume flow shown according to arrow 15 can be cleaned by an appropriate filter system before entering the ion source. The filter system is a commercially available particle filter. The air volume flow flows in via a slight overpressure. The extraction of the cleaned blow-by gas. Below the separator 18, a suitable vacuum system is used, which is generally known and is not explained in more detail here. Of course, a pump can also be used to generate negative pressure.
Die Einblasung der Ladungsträger bzw. des Ladungsträgerstroms 16 kann entsprechend der anfallenden Menge an Blow-By-Gas variieren. Die Variation wird durch den erforderli- chen Abscheidegrad bestimmt. The injection of the charge carriers or the charge carrier stream 16 can vary in accordance with the amount of blow-by gas that is produced. The variation is determined by the degree of separation required.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Einrichtung zum Abscheiden von Aerosolen oder Partikeln aus Gasen bestehend aus einem Strömungsgehäuse, durch welches die Gase mit den abzuscheidenden Bestandteilen hindurchströmen, einem Abscheider, welcher im Strömungsgehäuse angeordnet ist und einer Koronaelektrode, welche in Strömungsrichtung gesehen vor dem Abscheider vorgesehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Koronaelektrode sich im wesentlichen außerhalb der Gasströmung befindet und ein Luft- /Gasvolumenstrom von der Koronaelektrode in die Gasströmung fließt zum Transport der von Koronaelektrode erzeugten Ladungsträger in eine Aufladezone im Strömungsgehäuse.1. A device for separating aerosols or particles from gases consisting of a flow housing through which the gases with the components to be separated flow, a separator which is arranged in the flow housing and a corona electrode, which is provided in front of the separator as seen in the flow direction, characterized that the corona electrode is essentially outside of the gas flow and an air / gas volume flow flows from the corona electrode into the gas flow for transporting the charge carriers generated by the corona electrode into a charging zone in the flow housing.
2. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Koronaelektrode von einer Außenelektrode umgeben ist und der Luft-/Gasvolumenstrom zwischen Koronaelektrode und Außenelektrode fließt.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the corona electrode is surrounded by an outer electrode and the air / gas volume flow flows between the corona electrode and the outer electrode.
3. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abscheider ein Zylinderkondensator ist, der aus wenigstens zwei konzentrisch zueinander angeordneten Hohlzylinder unterschiedlichen Durchmessers besteht und sich zwischen den beiden Hohizylindern ein elektrisches Feld befindet.3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the separator is a cylinder capacitor which consists of at least two concentrically arranged hollow cylinders of different diameters and an electrical field is located between the two hollow cylinders.
4. Einrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Strömungsgehäuse ein Teil des Kurbelgehäuses einer Brennkraftmaschine ist und mittels des Abscheiders Ölnebel aus den Kurbelgehäusegasen ausgeschieden wird.4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flow housing is part of the crankcase of an internal combustion engine and oil mist is separated from the crankcase gases by means of the separator.
5. Einrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Filter vorgesehen ist zum Reinigen der für den zusätzlichen Luft- /Gasvolumenstrom benötigten Luft.5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a filter is provided for cleaning the air required for the additional air / gas volume flow.
6. Einrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abscheider und/oder die Koronaelektrode mehrstufig ausgeführt ist.6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separator and / or the corona electrode is designed in several stages.
7. Einrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Elektroabscheider ein weiterer Olabscheider vorgeschaltet ist, wobei dieser Ölabschieder ein Fliehkraft- und/oder Prall- und/oder Faserabscheider ist. 7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a further oil separator is connected upstream of the electrical separator, this oil separator being a centrifugal force and / or impact and / or fiber separator.
8. Einrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abscheider oder ein Teil des Abscheiders durch das Strömungsgehäuse gebildet ist.8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separator or part of the separator is formed by the flow housing.
9. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abscheider ein Plattenkondensator ist, der aus wenigstens zwei parallel zueinander angeordneten Platten unterschiedlicher Polarität besteht und zwischen den Platten ein elektrisches Feld erzeugt wird. 9. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the separator is a plate capacitor which consists of at least two plates of different polarity arranged in parallel to one another and an electric field is generated between the plates.
EP03765032A 2002-07-18 2003-07-17 Device for separating aerosols or particles from gas Expired - Lifetime EP1523382B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10232602A DE10232602A1 (en) 2002-07-18 2002-07-18 Device for separating aerosols or particles from gases
DE10232602 2002-07-18
PCT/EP2003/007800 WO2004009243A1 (en) 2002-07-18 2003-07-17 Device for separating aerosols or gas particles

Publications (2)

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EP1523382A1 true EP1523382A1 (en) 2005-04-20
EP1523382B1 EP1523382B1 (en) 2010-09-15

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EP03765032A Expired - Lifetime EP1523382B1 (en) 2002-07-18 2003-07-17 Device for separating aerosols or particles from gas

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US (1) US7105042B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1523382B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE481176T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003246715A1 (en)
DE (2) DE10232602A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004009243A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1523382B1 (en) 2010-09-15
US7105042B2 (en) 2006-09-12
WO2004009243A1 (en) 2004-01-29
ATE481176T1 (en) 2010-10-15
US20050235829A1 (en) 2005-10-27
DE10232602A1 (en) 2004-02-05
AU2003246715A1 (en) 2004-02-09
DE50313098D1 (en) 2010-10-28

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