EP1520970A1 - Hydraulic actioning device for an internal combustion negine - Google Patents

Hydraulic actioning device for an internal combustion negine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1520970A1
EP1520970A1 EP04292347A EP04292347A EP1520970A1 EP 1520970 A1 EP1520970 A1 EP 1520970A1 EP 04292347 A EP04292347 A EP 04292347A EP 04292347 A EP04292347 A EP 04292347A EP 1520970 A1 EP1520970 A1 EP 1520970A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
passage
valve
rod
fluid
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP04292347A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1520970B1 (en
Inventor
Aurélien Huss
Olivier Venuti
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PSA Automobiles SA
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Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
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Publication of EP1520970A1 publication Critical patent/EP1520970A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D15/00—Varying compression ratio
    • F02D15/02—Varying compression ratio by alteration or displacement of piston stroke
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/04—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
    • F02B75/048—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads by means of a variable crank stroke length

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydraulic actuator for internal combustion engine with variable volumetric ratio and variable displacement and a internal combustion engine equipped with at least one such hydraulic actuator.
  • volumetric ratio of an internal combustion engine being defined as the ratio between the combustion chamber volumes of a cylinder at the bottom dead center and top dead center, the choice of the volumetric ratio is a compromise between the low-end and low-load performance, ie at a low power demand, and the occurrence of rattling under conditions more loaded.
  • a motor to internal combustion, variable volumetric ratio and variable displacement which includes at least one cylinder in which a piston can move between a neutral position top and a bottom dead center.
  • This engine also includes means for varying the position of the top dead center between predetermined limits, in order to vary simultaneously the piston stroke, the position of the bottom dead center and correlatively the volumetric ratio and the displacement according to the conditions of use of the engine.
  • These means comprise a rod articulated on the one hand on the engine piston and secondly on a main rod that turns on a crankshaft and which is also articulated on a connecting rod forming a balance, associated with a member for adjusting the position of said connecting rod controlling the positions of the top and bottom dead spots.
  • the purpose of the invention is to propose a hydraulic actuator associated with this set of articulated rods and which allows to vary quickly the position of the top dead center and the bottom dead center position as well than keeping these dead spots up and down at a fixed position, while consuming a minimum of energy.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a hydraulic actuator for internal combustion engine with variable volumetric ratio and variable displacement, characterized in that it comprises, in a body, a piston connected to a set of rods articulated to a piston of the engine and delimiting in said body a lower room and a superior room filled with fluid and means holding the piston at a fixed position or adjusting the position of this piston in the body by selective passage of the fluid between the two chambers under the effect the pressure difference in said chambers during a force exerted on the piston of this actuator by the set of connecting rods, the active surface of the piston in the lower chamber being lower than the active surface of said piston in the superior room.
  • the invention also relates to a combustion engine internal, comprising at least one cylinder in which a piston can move between a top dead center and a bottom dead center and means to vary the position of the top dead center between predetermined limits in order to vary simultaneously the piston stroke, the position of the bottom dead center and correlatively the volumetric ratio and the displacement according to the conditions of use of the engine, characterized in that said means comprise a hydraulic actuator as previously mentioned, connected to said piston by a set of articulated rods.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a cylinder 1 of a internal combustion engine in which a piston 2 can run races between a top dead center and a bottom dead center.
  • the piston 2 is connected to a connecting rod 3 said slave rod, articulated on the one hand on the piston 2 and on the other hand on a connecting rod main 4 which turns on a crankshaft 5.
  • the main rod 4 is also articulated by an axis 6 on a connecting rod 7 forming a balance, associated with a device adjusting the position of this rod 7 and which comprises an actuator referred to as a whole by reference 20.
  • the connecting rod 7 forming a pendulum is connected to the hydraulic actuator 20 by a hinge 9.
  • the main rod 4 comprises a short arm 4a and a long arm 4b integral with a tubular body 4c which can turn on a crankpin 10 forming an integral part of the crankshaft 5.
  • the short arm 4a provides the connection between the crankpin 10 and the axis 11 of the connecting rod 3
  • the long arm 4b provides the connection between the crankpin 10 and the axis 6 articulation on the connecting rod 7 forming a balance.
  • the set of connecting rods 3, 4 and 7 as well as the hydraulic actuator 20 are housed in a cylinder housing 12.
  • the actuator 20 must make it possible to maintain the point of articulation 9 of the rod 7 forming a rocker at a fixed position as well as to move this point hinge 9 quickly to a predetermined set point in both meaning, ie up or down, and in a partial stroke or total and a dynamic less than one second.
  • a predetermined set point in both meaning, ie up or down, and in a partial stroke or total and a dynamic less than one second.
  • At each position of the point articulation 9 controlled by the actuator 20 corresponds to a position of the connecting rod 7 forming balance wheel, main link 4, crankshaft 5, connecting rod 3 and piston 2.
  • Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate the extreme positions of the piston 2 for a strong compression ratio and a weak stroke.
  • Fig. 2 shows the state of the set of rods 3, 4 and 7 and the piston 2 at top dead center and
  • FIG. 3 shows the same elements at the bottom dead center of this piston 2.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 respectively illustrate the extreme positions of the piston 2 for a low compression ratio and a strong stroke of the piston 2.
  • Fig. 4 shows the state of the assembly of rods 3, 4 and 7 and the piston 2 at the point dead high and Fig. 5 shows the same elements at the bottom dead center of this piston 2.
  • This hydraulic actuator 20 is formed by a body 21 inside which is mounted movable in translation a piston 22 connected to the rod 7 forming a rocker by the hinge point 9.
  • the piston 22 is provided at its periphery with a seal 23 and delimits within the body 21 a lower chamber 24 and an upper chamber 25 which are filled of a fluid.
  • the active surface 22a of the piston 22 in the lower chamber 24 is less than the active surface 22b of said piston 22 in the upper chamber 25 (Fig. 6).
  • the hydraulic actuator 20 comprises means for holding the piston 22 at a fixed position or adjusting the position of this piston 22 in the body 21 by selective passage of the fluid between the two chambers 24 and 25 under the effect of the pressure difference in said chambers 24 and 25 during a force exerted on the piston 22 of this actuator 20 by the set of rods 3, 4 and 7.
  • the means comprise a first passage 30 formed in the piston 22 and which has a first end 30a opening into the lower chamber 24 and a second end 30b opening into the upper chamber 25. This second end 30b is provided with a valve rated 31.
  • These means also include a second passage 32 arranged in the piston 22 and which has a first end 32a opening into the lower chamber 24 and provided with a calibrated valve 33.
  • This passage 32 comprises a second end 32b opening into the first passage 30 between the first end 30a and the valve 31.
  • the means comprise also control devices for the flow of fluid between chambers 24 and 25 by the valves 31 and 33 and which are designated by the reference General 40.
  • the control members 40 are formed by a first rod 41 disposed in the first passage 30 and whose outer diameter corresponds substantially at the diameter of said passage 30.
  • This first rod 41 has a axial channel 42 for passage of the fluid from the lower chamber 24 to the chamber greater than 25, as will be seen later.
  • the first rod 41 is intended to act on the valve 31.
  • the control members 40 comprise, on the one hand, a second rod 43 disposed in the axis of the first rod 41 and connected to a system actuator, not shown, and on the other hand, a pusher 44 arranged between the rods 41 and 43 and which is movable against return springs 35 and 46 by said second rod 43 between a closed position of the channel 42 of the first rod 41 and an open position of this channel 42.
  • the second rod 43 is guided in an orifice 45 formed in the body 21 and the actuating system of this second rod 43 to move it vertically upwards or downwards is constituted by any system appropriate, such as a rack and pinion system, controlled by an electric motor.
  • the valve 31 of the first passage 30 is maintained against a seat 36 formed in the first passage 30 by a compression spring 37 to control the flow of fluid from the lower chamber 24 to the superior room 25.
  • the valve 33 of the second passage 32 is maintained against a seat 47 formed in the second passage 32 by a compression spring 48 to control the flow of fluid from the upper chamber 25 to the lower chamber 24.
  • the return springs associated with the pusher 44 comprise a first spring 35 interposed between the face 22a of the piston 22 and this pusher 44 for maintain said pusher 44 against the end of the second rod 43 and a second spring 46 interposed between the bottom of the channel 42 and the pusher 44 so as to maintain the upper end of the rod 41 against the valve 31.
  • the lower chamber 24 is connected to a fluid feeding pump 50 of this lower chamber 24.
  • the actuator 20 maintains the articulation point 9 or displaces this point of articulation 9 and thus the position of the top dead center and the position of the bottom dead center of the piston 2 in the cylinder 1 via the set of connecting rods 3, 4 and 7 in two opposite directions, this articulation point 9 being subjected to a highly asymmetrical alternating force by said assembly.
  • the actuation system raises the second rod 43 which itself raises the first rod 41 via the pusher 44 which closes the axial channel 42 as shown in FIG. 8.
  • This first stem 41 opens the valve 31 which lifts from its seat 36.
  • the piston 22 remains in its position.
  • the actuation system descends the second rod 43, which has the effect of releasing the pusher 44 and the entrance to the channel 42.
  • the flap 31 is pressed onto its seat 36 under the effect of the compression spring 37.
  • valve 31 remains plated on its seat 36 because the pressure in the upper chamber 25 is greater than that prevailing in the lower chamber 24.
  • the piston 22 does not move.
  • the booster pump 50 operates virtually continuously and acts as a pre-charge spring.
  • valve 31 is kept pressed on its seat 36 by the pressure of the fluid in the chamber 25 so that no fluid passes between the chambers 24 and 25 and the piston 22 remains in the same position.
  • valve 33 When the force exerted on the piston 22 is directed downwards, the valve 33 is held pressed against its seat 47 by the pressure of the fluid in the lower chamber 24 and the pusher 44 closes the axial channel 42 of the first rod 41 and in this case also no fluid circulates between the chambers 24 and 25 and the piston 22 remains in the same position.
  • the hydraulic actuator according to the invention makes it possible to maintain the piston of this actuator in a fixed position, and thus the point of articulation said piston with the set of rods, or to vary the position of this piston and the position of this articulation point towards a set point determined according to a dynamic less than one second in order to vary the position of the point dead piston top of the internal combustion engine between limits predetermined and therefore to vary simultaneously the race of this piston, the position of the bottom dead point and correlatively the volumetric ratio and the displacement according to the conditions of use of the engine.
  • the hydraulic actuator according to the invention can be applied to any mechanical system undergoing the same type of efforts and more particularly to any engine architecture.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Abstract

The actuator has a unit including two passages and a control unit to control fluid flow between lower and upper chambers (24, 25) by valves. The unit maintains a piston (22) at a fixed position or adjusts position of the piston in a body by selected passage of fluid between the chambers due to pressure difference in the chambers, when a force is exerted on the piston by a hinged type connecting rod assembly. An independent claim is also included for an internal combustion engine.

Description

La présente invention concerne un actionneur hydraulique pour moteur à combustion interne à rapport volumétrique et à cylindrée variables et un moteur à combustion interne équipé d'au moins un tel actionneur hydraulique.The present invention relates to a hydraulic actuator for internal combustion engine with variable volumetric ratio and variable displacement and a internal combustion engine equipped with at least one such hydraulic actuator.

Le rapport volumétrique d'un moteur à combustion interne étant défini comme le rapport entre les volumes de chambre de combustion d'un cylindre au point mort bas et au point mort haut, le choix du rapport volumétrique est un compromis entre le rendement à bas régime et basse charge, c'est à dire à une faible puissance demandée, et l'apparition de cliquetis dans des conditions de fonctionnement plus chargé.The volumetric ratio of an internal combustion engine being defined as the ratio between the combustion chamber volumes of a cylinder at the bottom dead center and top dead center, the choice of the volumetric ratio is a compromise between the low-end and low-load performance, ie at a low power demand, and the occurrence of rattling under conditions more loaded.

Il est intéressant de faire varier le rapport volumétrique en fonction des conditions d'utilisation du moteur. A cet effet, on connaít des dispositifs qui concernent le déphasage de la distribution avec comme effet la réduction du rapport effectif relativement au taux géométrique de base.It is interesting to vary the volumetric ratio depending conditions of use of the engine. For this purpose, we know devices that concern the phase shift of the distribution with the effect of reducing the effective ratio relative to the basic geometric rate.

La variation de volume mort et/ou de volume balayé a fait l'objet de nombreuses propositions, mais qui n'ont pas été suivies d'exploitations industrielles en grande série connues.The variation of dead volume and / or swept volume has been many proposals, but not followed by industrial mass production.

Les familles de solutions proposées sont en substance les suivantes :

  • modification du volume mort côté culasse par un piston additionnel,
  • longueur de bielle variable,
  • piston "gonflable",
  • distance axe de vilebrequin - plan de joint de culasse variable,
  • course variable.
The families of proposed solutions are essentially the following:
  • modification of the dead volume on the cylinder head side by an additional piston,
  • variable connecting rod length
  • piston "inflatable",
  • crankshaft distance - variable head gasket plane,
  • variable stroke.

Ces diverses propositions aboutissent à une variation limitée de la cylindrée dans une proportion inférieure à 25% et présentent divers inconvénients.These various proposals result in a limited variation of the cubic capacity of less than 25% and have various disadvantages.

Par ailleurs, on connaít dans le FR-A-2 807 105 un moteur à combustion interne, à rapport volumétrique et à cylindrée variables, qui comprend au moins un cylindre dans lequel peut se déplacer un piston entre un point mort haut et un point mort bas. Furthermore, it is known in FR-A-2 807 105 a motor to internal combustion, variable volumetric ratio and variable displacement, which includes at least one cylinder in which a piston can move between a neutral position top and a bottom dead center.

Ce moteur comprend également des moyens pour faire varier la position du point mort haut entre des limites prédéterminées, afin de faire varier simultanément la course du piston, la position du point mort bas et corrélativement le rapport volumétrique et la cylindrée en fonction des conditions d'utilisation du moteur.This engine also includes means for varying the position of the top dead center between predetermined limits, in order to vary simultaneously the piston stroke, the position of the bottom dead center and correlatively the volumetric ratio and the displacement according to the conditions of use of the engine.

Ces moyens comprennent une bielle articulée d'une part sur le piston du moteur et d'autre part sur une bielle principale qui tourne sur un vilebrequin et qui est également articulée sur une bielle formant balancier, associée à un organe de réglage de la position de ladite bielle commandant les positions des points morts haut et bas.These means comprise a rod articulated on the one hand on the engine piston and secondly on a main rod that turns on a crankshaft and which is also articulated on a connecting rod forming a balance, associated with a member for adjusting the position of said connecting rod controlling the positions of the top and bottom dead spots.

L'invention a pour but de proposer un actionneur hydraulique associé à cet ensemble de bielles articulées et qui permet de faire varier rapidement la position du point mort haut et la position du point mort bas ainsi que de maintenir ces points morts haut et bas à une position fixe, tout en consommant un minimum d'énergie.The purpose of the invention is to propose a hydraulic actuator associated with this set of articulated rods and which allows to vary quickly the position of the top dead center and the bottom dead center position as well than keeping these dead spots up and down at a fixed position, while consuming a minimum of energy.

L'invention a donc pour objet un actionneur hydraulique pour moteur à combustion interne à rapport volumétrique et à cylindrée variables, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, dans un corps, un piston relié à un ensemble de bielles articulées à un piston du moteur et délimitant dans ledit corps une chambre inférieure et une chambre supérieure remplies de fluide et des moyens de maintien du piston à une position fixe ou de réglage de la position de ce piston dans le corps par passage sélectif du fluide entre les deux chambres sous l'effet de la différence de pression dans lesdites chambres lors d'un effort exercé sur le piston de cet actionneur par l'ensemble de bielles, la surface active du piston dans la chambre inférieure étant inférieure à la surface active dudit piston dans la chambre supérieure.The subject of the invention is therefore a hydraulic actuator for internal combustion engine with variable volumetric ratio and variable displacement, characterized in that it comprises, in a body, a piston connected to a set of rods articulated to a piston of the engine and delimiting in said body a lower room and a superior room filled with fluid and means holding the piston at a fixed position or adjusting the position of this piston in the body by selective passage of the fluid between the two chambers under the effect the pressure difference in said chambers during a force exerted on the piston of this actuator by the set of connecting rods, the active surface of the piston in the lower chamber being lower than the active surface of said piston in the superior room.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :

  • les moyens de réglage comprennent :
    • un premier passage ménagé dans le piston et comportant une première extrémité débouchant dans la chambre inférieure et une seconde extrémité débouchant dans la chambre supérieure et munie d'un clapet taré,
    • un second passage ménagé dans le piston et comportant une première extrémité débouchant dans la chambre inférieure et munie d'un clapet taré et une seconde extrémité débouchant dans le premier passage entre la première extrémité et le clapet du premier passage, et
    • des organes de commande de l'écoulement du fluide entre les chambres par lesdits clapets,
  • les organes de commande comprennent :
    • une première tige disposée dans le premier passage et agissant sur le clapet du premier passage, ladite première tige comportant un canal axial de passage du fluide de la chambre inférieure vers la chambre supérieure,
    • une seconde tige disposée dans l'axe de la première tige et reliée à un système d'actionnement, et
    • un poussoir disposé entre lesdites tiges et déplaçable à l'encontre de ressorts de rappel par la seconde tige entre une position de fermeture du canal de la première tige et dans laquelle le clapet du premier passage est ouvert et une position d'ouverture de ce canal et dans laquelle le clapet du premier passage est fermé,
  • le clapet du premier passage est maintenu appliqué par un ressort de compression contre un siège ménagé dans ce premier passage pour commander l'écoulement du fluide de la chambre inférieure vers la chambre supérieure,
  • le clapet du second passage est maintenu appliqué par un ressort de compression contre un siège ménagé dans le second passage pour commander l'écoulement du fluide de la chambre supérieure vers la chambre inférieure,
  • les ressorts de rappel du poussoir comprennent un premier ressort interposé entre la face inférieure du piston et ce poussoir et un second ressort interposé entre le fond du canal de la tige et ledit poussoir,
  • la chambre inférieure est raccordée à une pompe de gavage en fluide.
According to other features of the invention:
  • the adjustment means comprise:
    • a first passage in the piston and having a first end opening into the lower chamber and a second end opening into the upper chamber and provided with a calibrated valve,
    • a second passage in the piston and having a first end opening into the lower chamber and provided with a calibrated valve and a second end opening into the first passage between the first end and the valve of the first passage, and
    • control members for the flow of fluid between the chambers by said valves,
  • the control members comprise:
    • a first rod disposed in the first passage and acting on the valve of the first passage, said first rod comprising an axial passage channel of the fluid from the lower chamber to the upper chamber,
    • a second rod disposed in the axis of the first rod and connected to an actuating system, and
    • a pusher disposed between said rods and movable against return springs by the second rod between a closed position of the channel of the first rod and wherein the valve of the first passage is open and an open position of this channel and in which the valve of the first passage is closed,
  • the valve of the first passage is held applied by a compression spring against a seat formed in this first passage to control the flow of fluid from the lower chamber to the upper chamber,
  • the valve of the second passage is held applied by a compression spring against a seat formed in the second passage to control the flow of fluid from the upper chamber to the lower chamber,
  • the return springs of the pusher comprise a first spring interposed between the lower face of the piston and this pusher and a second spring interposed between the bottom of the channel of the rod and said pusher,
  • the lower chamber is connected to a fluid feeding pump.

L'invention a également pour objet un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant au moins un cylindre dans lequel peut se déplacer un piston entre un point mort haut et un point mort bas et des moyens pour faire varier la position du point mort haut entre des limites prédéterminées afin de faire varier simultanément la course du piston, la position du point mort bas et corrélativement le rapport volumétrique et la cylindrée en fonction des conditions d'utilisation du moteur, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens comprennent un actionneur hydraulique tel que précédemment mentionné, relié audit piston par un ensemble de bielles articulées.The invention also relates to a combustion engine internal, comprising at least one cylinder in which a piston can move between a top dead center and a bottom dead center and means to vary the position of the top dead center between predetermined limits in order to vary simultaneously the piston stroke, the position of the bottom dead center and correlatively the volumetric ratio and the displacement according to the conditions of use of the engine, characterized in that said means comprise a hydraulic actuator as previously mentioned, connected to said piston by a set of articulated rods.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront au cours de la description qui va suivre, donnée à titre d'exemple et faite en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la Fig. 1 est une vue schématique en élévation d'un piston d'un moteur à combustion interne équipé d'un actionneur hydraulique conforme à l'invention permettant de régler le rapport volumétrique et la cylindrée de ce moteur,
  • les Figs. 2 et 3 sont des vues schématiques en élévation similaires à la Fig. 1 montrant respectivement la position du point mort haut et la position du point mort bas du piston pour un taux de compression fort et une course faible de ce piston,
  • les Figs. 4 et 5 sont des vues schématiques en élévation similaires à la Fig. 2 montrant respectivement la position du point mort haut et la position du point mort bas du piston pour un taux de compression faible et une course forte de ce piston,
  • la Fig. 6 est une vue schématique en coupe axiale de l'actionneur hydraulique conforme à l'invention,
  • les Figs. 7, 8 et 9 sont des vues schématiques à plus grande échelle et en coupe axiale montrant le fonctionnement des clapets de cet actionneur hydraulique.
Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description, given by way of example and with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic elevational view of a piston of an internal combustion engine equipped with a hydraulic actuator according to the invention for adjusting the volumetric ratio and the displacement of this engine,
  • Figs. 2 and 3 are diagrammatic elevational views similar to FIG. 1 showing respectively the position of the top dead center and the position of the bottom dead center of the piston for a high compression ratio and a low stroke of this piston,
  • Figs. 4 and 5 are diagrammatic elevational views similar to FIG. 2 showing respectively the position of the top dead center and the position of the bottom dead center of the piston for a low compression ratio and a strong stroke of this piston,
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view in axial section of the hydraulic actuator according to the invention,
  • Figs. 7, 8 and 9 are schematic views on a larger scale and in axial section showing the operation of the valves of this hydraulic actuator.

Sur la Fig. 1, on a représenté schématiquement un cylindre 1 d'un moteur à combustion interne dans lequel un piston 2 peut exécuter des courses entre un point mort haut et un point mort bas. Le piston 2 est lié à une bielle 3 dite bielle esclave, articulée d'une part sur le piston 2 et d'autre part sur une bielle principale 4 qui tourne sur un vilebrequin 5. La bielle principale 4 est également articulée par un axe 6 sur une bielle 7 formant balancier, associée à un dispositif de réglage de la position de cette bielle 7 et qui comprend un actionneur hydraulique désigné dans son ensemble par la référence 20.In FIG. 1, schematically shows a cylinder 1 of a internal combustion engine in which a piston 2 can run races between a top dead center and a bottom dead center. The piston 2 is connected to a connecting rod 3 said slave rod, articulated on the one hand on the piston 2 and on the other hand on a connecting rod main 4 which turns on a crankshaft 5. The main rod 4 is also articulated by an axis 6 on a connecting rod 7 forming a balance, associated with a device adjusting the position of this rod 7 and which comprises an actuator referred to as a whole by reference 20.

A son extrémité opposée à l'axe 6, la bielle 7 formant balancier est reliée à l'actionneur hydraulique 20 par une articulation 9. La bielle principale 4 comporte un bras court 4a et un bras long 4b solidaire d'un corps tubulaire 4c qui peut tourner sur un maneton 10 faisant partie intégrante du vilebrequin 5. Le bras court 4a assure la liaison entre le maneton 10 et l'axe 11 de la bielle 3, tandis que le bras long 4b assure la liaison entre le maneton 10 et l'axe 6 d'articulation sur la bielle 7 formant balancier.At its opposite end to the axis 6, the connecting rod 7 forming a pendulum is connected to the hydraulic actuator 20 by a hinge 9. The main rod 4 comprises a short arm 4a and a long arm 4b integral with a tubular body 4c which can turn on a crankpin 10 forming an integral part of the crankshaft 5. The short arm 4a provides the connection between the crankpin 10 and the axis 11 of the connecting rod 3, while the long arm 4b provides the connection between the crankpin 10 and the axis 6 articulation on the connecting rod 7 forming a balance.

L'ensemble de bielles 3, 4 et 7 ainsi que l'actionneur hydraulique 20 sont logés dans un carter de cylindres 12.The set of connecting rods 3, 4 and 7 as well as the hydraulic actuator 20 are housed in a cylinder housing 12.

L'actionneur 20 doit permettre de maintenir le point d'articulation 9 de la bielle 7 formant balancier à une position fixe ainsi que de déplacer ce point d'articulation 9 rapidement vers un point de consigne prédéterminé dans les deux sens, c'est à dire vers le haut ou vers le bas, et selon une course partielle ou totale et une dynamique inférieure à une seconde. A chaque position du point d'articulation 9 commandé par l'actionneur 20 correspond une position de la bielle 7 formant balancier, de la bielle principale 4, du vilebrequin 5, de la bielle 3 et du piston 2.The actuator 20 must make it possible to maintain the point of articulation 9 of the rod 7 forming a rocker at a fixed position as well as to move this point hinge 9 quickly to a predetermined set point in both meaning, ie up or down, and in a partial stroke or total and a dynamic less than one second. At each position of the point articulation 9 controlled by the actuator 20 corresponds to a position of the connecting rod 7 forming balance wheel, main link 4, crankshaft 5, connecting rod 3 and piston 2.

Les Figs. 2 et 3 illustrent les positions extrêmes du piston 2 pour un taux de compression fort et une course faible. La Fig. 2 montre l'état de l'ensemble de bielles 3, 4 et 7 et du piston 2 au point mort haut et la Fig. 3 montre les mêmes éléments au point mort bas de ce piston 2.Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate the extreme positions of the piston 2 for a strong compression ratio and a weak stroke. Fig. 2 shows the state of the set of rods 3, 4 and 7 and the piston 2 at top dead center and FIG. 3 shows the same elements at the bottom dead center of this piston 2.

Les Figs. 4 et 5 illustrent respectivement les positions extrêmes du piston 2 pour un taux de compression faible et une course forte du piston 2. La Fig. 4 montre l'état de l'ensemble de bielles 3, 4 et 7 et du piston 2 au point mort haut et la Fig. 5 montre les mêmes éléments au point mort bas de ce piston 2. Figs. 4 and 5 respectively illustrate the extreme positions of the piston 2 for a low compression ratio and a strong stroke of the piston 2. Fig. 4 shows the state of the assembly of rods 3, 4 and 7 and the piston 2 at the point dead high and Fig. 5 shows the same elements at the bottom dead center of this piston 2.

En se reportant maintenant aux Figs. 6 et 7, on va décrire plus en détail l'actionneur hydraulique 20. Cet actionneur hydraulique 20 est formé par un corps 21 à l'intérieur duquel est monté déplaçable en translation un piston 22 relié à la bielle 7 formant balancier par le point d'articulation 9. Le piston 22 est muni à sa périphérie d'un joint d'étanchéité 23 et il délimite à l'intérieur du corps 21 une chambre inférieure 24 et une chambre supérieure 25 qui sont remplies d'un fluide.Referring now to Figs. 6 and 7, we will describe more in the hydraulic actuator 20. This hydraulic actuator 20 is formed by a body 21 inside which is mounted movable in translation a piston 22 connected to the rod 7 forming a rocker by the hinge point 9. The piston 22 is provided at its periphery with a seal 23 and delimits within the body 21 a lower chamber 24 and an upper chamber 25 which are filled of a fluid.

La surface active 22a du piston 22 dans la chambre inférieure 24 est inférieure à la surface active 22b dudit piston 22 dans la chambre supérieure 25 (Fig. 6).The active surface 22a of the piston 22 in the lower chamber 24 is less than the active surface 22b of said piston 22 in the upper chamber 25 (Fig. 6).

D'une manière générale, l'actionneur hydraulique 20 comporte des moyens de maintien du piston 22 à une position fixe ou de réglage de la position de ce piston 22 dans le corps 21 par passage sélectif du fluide entre les deux chambres 24 et 25 sous l'effet de la différence de pression dans lesdites chambres 24 et 25 lors d'un effort exercé sur le piston 22 de cet actionneur 20 par l'ensemble de bielles 3, 4 et 7.In general, the hydraulic actuator 20 comprises means for holding the piston 22 at a fixed position or adjusting the position of this piston 22 in the body 21 by selective passage of the fluid between the two chambers 24 and 25 under the effect of the pressure difference in said chambers 24 and 25 during a force exerted on the piston 22 of this actuator 20 by the set of rods 3, 4 and 7.

Les moyens comprennent un premier passage 30 ménagé dans le piston 22 et qui comporte une première extrémité 30a débouchant dans la chambre inférieure 24 et une seconde extrémité 30b débouchant dans la chambre supérieure 25. Cette seconde extrémité 30b est pourvue d'un clapet taré 31.The means comprise a first passage 30 formed in the piston 22 and which has a first end 30a opening into the lower chamber 24 and a second end 30b opening into the upper chamber 25. This second end 30b is provided with a valve rated 31.

Ces moyens comprennent aussi un second passage 32 ménagé dans le piston 22 et qui comporte une première extrémité 32a débouchant dans la chambre inférieure 24 et munie d'un clapet taré 33. Ce passage 32 comporte une seconde extrémité 32b débouchant dans le premier passage 30 entre la première extrémité 30a et le clapet 31. Enfin, les moyens comprennent également des organes de commande de l'écoulement du fluide entre les chambres 24 et 25 par les clapets 31 et 33 et qui sont désignés par la référence générale 40.These means also include a second passage 32 arranged in the piston 22 and which has a first end 32a opening into the lower chamber 24 and provided with a calibrated valve 33. This passage 32 comprises a second end 32b opening into the first passage 30 between the first end 30a and the valve 31. Finally, the means comprise also control devices for the flow of fluid between chambers 24 and 25 by the valves 31 and 33 and which are designated by the reference General 40.

Les organes de commande 40 sont formés par une première tige 41 disposée dans le premier passage 30 et dont le diamètre extérieur correspond sensiblement au diamètre dudit passage 30. Cette première tige 41 comporte un canal axial 42 de passage du fluide de la chambre inférieure 24 vers la chambre supérieure 25, comme on le verra ultérieurement. La première tige 41 est destinée à agir sur le clapet 31.The control members 40 are formed by a first rod 41 disposed in the first passage 30 and whose outer diameter corresponds substantially at the diameter of said passage 30. This first rod 41 has a axial channel 42 for passage of the fluid from the lower chamber 24 to the chamber greater than 25, as will be seen later. The first rod 41 is intended to act on the valve 31.

Les organes de commande 40 comprennent, d'une part, une seconde tige 43 disposée dans l'axe de la première tige 41 et reliée à un système d'actionnement, non représenté, et, d'autre part, un poussoir 44 disposé entre les tiges 41 et 43 et qui est déplaçable à l'encontre de ressorts de rappel 35 et 46 par ladite seconde tige 43 entre une position de fermeture du canal 42 de la première tige 41 et une position d'ouverture de ce canal 42.The control members 40 comprise, on the one hand, a second rod 43 disposed in the axis of the first rod 41 and connected to a system actuator, not shown, and on the other hand, a pusher 44 arranged between the rods 41 and 43 and which is movable against return springs 35 and 46 by said second rod 43 between a closed position of the channel 42 of the first rod 41 and an open position of this channel 42.

La seconde tige 43 est guidée dans un orifice 45 ménagé dans le corps 21 et le système d'actionnement de cette seconde tige 43 pour la déplacer verticalement vers le haut ou vers le bas est constitué par tout système approprié, comme par exemple un système à pignon et crémaillère, commandé par un moteur électrique.The second rod 43 is guided in an orifice 45 formed in the body 21 and the actuating system of this second rod 43 to move it vertically upwards or downwards is constituted by any system appropriate, such as a rack and pinion system, controlled by an electric motor.

Le clapet 31 du premier passage 30 est maintenu appliqué contre un siège 36 ménagé dans le premier passage 30 par un ressort de compression 37 pour commander l'écoulement du fluide de la chambre inférieure 24 vers la chambre supérieure 25.The valve 31 of the first passage 30 is maintained against a seat 36 formed in the first passage 30 by a compression spring 37 to control the flow of fluid from the lower chamber 24 to the superior room 25.

Le clapet 33 du second passage 32 est maintenu appliqué contre un siège 47 ménagé dans le second passage 32 par un ressort de compression 48 pour commander l'écoulement du fluide de la chambre supérieure 25 vers la chambre inférieure 24.The valve 33 of the second passage 32 is maintained against a seat 47 formed in the second passage 32 by a compression spring 48 to control the flow of fluid from the upper chamber 25 to the lower chamber 24.

Les ressorts de rappel associés au poussoir 44 comprennent un premier ressort 35 interposé entre la face 22a du piston 22 et ce poussoir 44 pour maintenir ledit poussoir 44 contre l'extrémité de la seconde tige 43 et un second ressort 46 interposé entre le fond du canal 42 et le poussoir 44 de façon à maintenir l'extrémité supérieure de la tige 41 contre le clapet 31.The return springs associated with the pusher 44 comprise a first spring 35 interposed between the face 22a of the piston 22 and this pusher 44 for maintain said pusher 44 against the end of the second rod 43 and a second spring 46 interposed between the bottom of the channel 42 and the pusher 44 so as to maintain the upper end of the rod 41 against the valve 31.

En position de repos, comme montré à la Fig. 7, un espace est ménagé entre l'extrémité inférieure de la tige 41 et le poussoir 44.In the rest position, as shown in FIG. 7, a space is formed between the lower end of the rod 41 and the pusher 44.

Ainsi que montré à la Fig. 6, la chambre inférieure 24 est raccordée à une pompe 50 de gavage en fluide de cette chambre inférieure 24. As shown in FIG. 6, the lower chamber 24 is connected to a fluid feeding pump 50 of this lower chamber 24.

L'actionneur 20 maintient le point d'articulation 9 ou déplace ce point d'articulation 9 et de ce fait la position du point mort haut et la position du point mort bas du piston 2 dans le cylindre 1 par l'intermédiaire de l'ensemble de bielles 3, 4 et 7 selon deux directions opposées, ce point d'articulation 9 étant soumis à un effort alternatif fortement dissymétrique par ledit ensemble.The actuator 20 maintains the articulation point 9 or displaces this point of articulation 9 and thus the position of the top dead center and the position of the bottom dead center of the piston 2 in the cylinder 1 via the set of connecting rods 3, 4 and 7 in two opposite directions, this articulation point 9 being subjected to a highly asymmetrical alternating force by said assembly.

Pour cela, pour maintenir le piston 22 ou pour commander indifféremment en montée ou en descente la position du piston 22 dans le corps 21 lors d'un effort exercé sur ce piston 22 par l'ensemble de bielles 3, 4 et 7, différents cas de fonctionnement de cet actionneur 20 peuvent se présenter.For this, to maintain the piston 22 or to control indifferently upwards or downwards the position of the piston 22 in the body 21 during a force exerted on this piston 22 by the set of rods 3, 4 and 7, different cases of operation of this actuator 20 may occur.

Pour déplacer le piston 22 vers le haut, c'est à dire dans le sens de la montée, le système d'actionnement, non représenté, soulève la seconde tige 43 qui elle-même soulève la première tige 41 par l'intermédiaire du poussoir 44 qui obture le canal axial 42 ainsi que montré à la Fig. 8. Cette première tige 41 ouvre le clapet 31 qui se soulève de son siège 36.To move the piston 22 upwards, ie in the direction of the rise, the actuation system, not shown, raises the second rod 43 which itself raises the first rod 41 via the pusher 44 which closes the axial channel 42 as shown in FIG. 8. This first stem 41 opens the valve 31 which lifts from its seat 36.

Dans le cas où l'effort sur le piston 22 est positif, c'est à dire dirigé vers le haut par l'intermédiaire de l'ensemble de bielles 3, 4 et 7, la pression dans la chambre supérieure 25 augmente et devient supérieure à la pression dans la chambre inférieure 24. Sous l'effet de la différence de pression créée par cet effort entre les chambres 24 et 25, le fluide passe de la chambre supérieure 25 vers la chambre inférieure 24 par le clapet 31 qui est ouvert et par le clapet 33 qui s'ouvre sous l'effet de la pression du fluide exercée dans le second passage 32. Durant cette phase, le piston 22 remonte dans le corps 21, permettant ainsi de déplacer la position du piston 2 dans le cylindre 1 par l'intermédiaire de l'ensemble de bielles 3, 4 et 7.In the case where the force on the piston 22 is positive, that is to say directed upwards through the set of rods 3, 4 and 7, the pressure in the upper chamber 25 increases and becomes greater than the pressure in the lower chamber 24. Under the effect of the pressure difference created by this effort between chambers 24 and 25, the fluid passes from the chamber upper 25 to the lower chamber 24 by the valve 31 which is open and by the valve 33 which opens under the effect of the pressure of the fluid exerted in the second passage 32. During this phase, the piston 22 rises in the body 21, thus making it possible to move the position of the piston 2 in the cylinder 1 by through the set of rods 3, 4 and 7.

Lorsque l'effort exercé sur le piston 22 est négatif, c'est à dire dirigé vers le bas, la pression dans la chambre inférieure 24 augmente. Comme la pression dans cette chambre inférieure 24 est supérieure à celle de la chambre supérieure 25, le clapet 33 reste plaqué sur son siège 47, ce qui empêche le passage du fluide entre la chambre inférieure 24 et la chambre supérieure 25.When the force exerted on the piston 22 is negative, that is to say directed downwards, the pressure in the lower chamber 24 increases. As the pressure in this lower chamber 24 is greater than that of the chamber 25, the valve 33 remains pressed on its seat 47, which prevents the fluid passage between the lower chamber 24 and the upper chamber 25.

Le piston 22 reste donc dans sa position.The piston 22 remains in its position.

Ainsi, un effort alternatif sur le piston 22 permet de faire monter ce piston 22 par saccades. Thus, an alternating force on the piston 22 makes it possible to raise piston 22 by jerks.

Pour déplacer le piston 22 vers le bas, c'est à dire dans le sens de la descente, le système d'actionnement, non représenté, descend la seconde tige 43, ce qui a pour effet de libérer le poussoir 44 et l'entrée du canal 42. Le clapet 31 est plaqué sur son siège 36 sous l'effet du ressort de compression 37.To move the piston 22 downwards, that is to say in the direction of the descent, the actuation system, not shown, descends the second rod 43, which has the effect of releasing the pusher 44 and the entrance to the channel 42. The flap 31 is pressed onto its seat 36 under the effect of the compression spring 37.

Lorsque l'effort exercé par l'ensemble de bielles 3, 4 et 7 sur le piston 22 est positif, c'est à dire dirigé vers le haut, le clapet 31 reste plaqué sur son siège 36 car la pression dans la chambre supérieure 25 est supérieure à celle régnant dans la chambre inférieure 24. Le piston 22 ne se déplace pas.When the force exerted by the set of rods 3, 4 and 7 on the piston 22 is positive, that is to say directed upwards, the valve 31 remains plated on its seat 36 because the pressure in the upper chamber 25 is greater than that prevailing in the lower chamber 24. The piston 22 does not move.

Lorsque l'effort sur le piston 22 est négatif, c'est à dire dirigé vers le bas, la pression dans la chambre inférieure 24 augmente, si bien que le fluide passe par le canal axial 42 de la première tige 41, soulève le clapet 31 de son siège 36 et débouche dans la chambre supérieure 25 (Fig. 9). L'augmentation de la pression dans la chambre supérieure 25 et à la différence des surfaces actives 22a et 22b du piston 22 font que la force exercée sur la surface 22b est supérieure à celle exercée sur la surface 22a provoque la descente du piston 22 dans le corps 21.When the force on the piston 22 is negative, ie directed towards the bottom, the pressure in the lower chamber 24 increases, so that the fluid passes through the axial channel 42 of the first rod 41, raises the valve 31 of its seat 36 and opens into the upper chamber 25 (Fig. 9). The raise of the pressure in the upper chamber 25 and unlike the active surfaces 22a and 22b of the piston 22 make the force exerted on the surface 22b is greater than that exerted on the surface 22a causes the descent of the piston 22 in the body 21.

Mais, le plus souvent, les efforts exercés sur le piston 22 vers le bas sont inférieurs aux efforts exercés sur ledit piston 22 vers le haut.But, most often, the forces exerted on the piston 22 towards the bottom are lower than the forces exerted on said piston 22 upwards.

La pompe de gavage 50 fonctionne pratiquement en permanence et agit comme un ressort de pré-charge.The booster pump 50 operates virtually continuously and acts as a pre-charge spring.

Pour faciliter la descente du piston 22 dans le cas où les efforts sont dirigés vers le bas, le meilleur compromis sera choisi entre le rapport des sections, la pression de gavage et le tarage du clapet 23.To facilitate the descent of the piston 22 in the case where the forces are directed downwards, the best compromise will be chosen between the ratio of sections, the booster pressure and valve calibration 23.

C'est également en agissant sur ces paramètres que le meilleur compromis sera trouvé entre la vitesse de montée et la vitesse de descente du piston 22 et de la bielle 7, car si l'on favorise l'une, on dégrade l'autre et réciproquement.It is also by acting on these parameters that the best compromise will be found between the climb speed and the descent speed of the 22 and the rod 7, because if we favor one, we degrade the other and reciprocally.

Pour maintenir le piston 22 dans le corps 21 dans une position fixe, lorsque l'effort exercé sur ce piston 22 est dirigé vers le haut, le clapet 31 est maintenu plaqué sur son siège 36 par la pression du fluide dans la chambre supérieure 25 si bien qu'aucun fluide ne passe entre les chambres 24 et 25 et le piston 22 demeure dans la même position. To hold the piston 22 in the body 21 in a position fixed, when the force exerted on the piston 22 is directed upwards, the valve 31 is kept pressed on its seat 36 by the pressure of the fluid in the chamber 25 so that no fluid passes between the chambers 24 and 25 and the piston 22 remains in the same position.

Lorsque l'effort exercé sur le piston 22 est dirigé vers le bas, le clapet 33 est maintenu plaqué sur son siège 47 par la pression du fluide dans la chambre inférieure 24 et le poussoir 44 obture le canal axial 42 de la première tige 41 et dans ce cas également aucun fluide ne circule entre les chambres 24 et 25 et le piston 22 demeure dans la même position.When the force exerted on the piston 22 is directed downwards, the valve 33 is held pressed against its seat 47 by the pressure of the fluid in the lower chamber 24 and the pusher 44 closes the axial channel 42 of the first rod 41 and in this case also no fluid circulates between the chambers 24 and 25 and the piston 22 remains in the same position.

L'actionneur hydraulique selon l'invention permet de maintenir le piston de cet actionneur dans une position fixe, et de ce fait le point d'articulation dudit piston avec l'ensemble de bielles, ou de faire varier la position de ce piston et la position de ce point d'articulation vers un point de consigne déterminé selon une dynamique inférieure à une seconde afin de faire varier la position du point mort haut du piston du moteur à combustion interne entre des limites prédéterminées et par conséquent de faire varier simultanément la course de ce piston, la position du point mort bas et corrélativement le rapport volumétrique et la cylindrée en fonction des conditions d'utilisation du moteur.The hydraulic actuator according to the invention makes it possible to maintain the piston of this actuator in a fixed position, and thus the point of articulation said piston with the set of rods, or to vary the position of this piston and the position of this articulation point towards a set point determined according to a dynamic less than one second in order to vary the position of the point dead piston top of the internal combustion engine between limits predetermined and therefore to vary simultaneously the race of this piston, the position of the bottom dead point and correlatively the volumetric ratio and the displacement according to the conditions of use of the engine.

Par ailleurs, l'énergie dépensée par cet actionneur ne sert que pour le gavage du système et non pour faire un travail et compte tenu de la faible section des tiges de commande, l'énergie dépensée pour le déplacement de ces tiges de commande est très faible.Moreover, the energy expended by this actuator only serves for force-feeding the system and not for doing a job and considering the low section of the control rods, the energy spent on moving these control rods is very small.

L'actionneur hydraulique selon l'invention peut s'appliquer à tout système mécanique subissant le même type d'efforts et plus particulièrement à toute architecture de moteur.The hydraulic actuator according to the invention can be applied to any mechanical system undergoing the same type of efforts and more particularly to any engine architecture.

Claims (8)

Actionneur hydraulique pour moteur à combustion interne à rapport volumétrique et à cylindrée variables, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, dans un corps (21), un piston (22) relié, par un ensemble de bielles articulées (3, 4, 7), à un piston (2) du moteur et délimitant, dans ledit corps (21), une chambre inférieure (24) et une chambre supérieure (25) remplies de fluide et des moyens de maintien du piston (22) à une position fixe ou de réglage de la position de ce piston (22) dans le corps (21) par passage sélectif du fluide entre les deux chambres (24, 25) sous l'effet de la différence de pression dans lesdites chambres (24, 25) lors d'un effort exercé sur le piston (22) de cet actionneur par l'ensemble de bielles (3, 4, 7), la surface active (22a) du piston (22) dans la chambre inférieure (24) étant inférieure à la surface active (22b) dudit piston (22) dans la chambre supérieure (25).Hydraulic actuator for internal combustion engine with variable displacement ratio and variable displacement, characterized in that it comprises, in a body (21), a piston (22) connected by a set of articulated connecting rods (3, 4, 7) a piston (2) of the motor and defining in said body (21) a lower chamber (24) and a fluid-filled upper chamber (25) and means for holding the piston (22) in a fixed position or adjusting the position of this piston (22) in the body (21) by selective passage of the fluid between the two chambers (24, 25) under the effect of the pressure difference in said chambers (24, 25) during a force exerted on the piston (22) of this actuator by the set of connecting rods (3, 4, 7), the active surface (22a) of the piston (22) in the lower chamber (24) being smaller than the surface active (22b) of said piston (22) in the upper chamber (25). Actionneur hydraulique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de réglage comprennent : un premier passage (30) ménagé dans le piston (22) et comportant une première extrémité (30a) débouchant dans la chambre inférieure (24) et une seconde extrémité (30b) débouchant dans la chambre supérieure (25) et munie d'un clapet taré (31), un second passage (32) ménagé dans le piston (22) et comportant une première extrémité (32a) débouchant dans la chambre inférieure (24) et munie d'un clapet taré (33) et une seconde extrémité (32b) débouchant dans le premier passage (30) entre la première extrémité (30a) et le clapet (31) dudit premier passage (30), et des organes (40) de commande de l'écoulement du fluide entre les chambres (24, 25) par lesdits clapets (31, 33). Hydraulic actuator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the adjusting means comprise: a first passage (30) formed in the piston (22) and having a first end (30a) opening into the lower chamber (24) and a second end (30b) opening into the upper chamber (25) and provided with a valve calibrated (31), a second passage (32) formed in the piston (22) and having a first end (32a) opening into the lower chamber (24) and provided with a calibrated valve (33) and a second end (32b) opening into the first passage (30) between the first end (30a) and the valve (31) of said first passage (30), and means (40) for controlling the flow of fluid between the chambers (24, 25) by said valves (31, 33). Actionneur hydraulique selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les organes (40) de commande comprennent : une première tige (41) disposée dans le premier passage (30) et agissant sur le clapet (31) de ce premier passage (30), ladite première tige (41) comportant un canal axial (42) de passage du fluide de la chambre inférieure (24) vers la chambre supérieure (25), une seconde tige (43) disposée dans l'axe de la première tige (41) et reliée à un système d'actionnement, et un poussoir (44) disposé entre lesdites tiges (41, 43) et déplaçable à l'encontre de ressorts de rappel (35, 46) par la seconde tige (43) entre une position de fermeture du canal (42) et dans laquelle le clapet (31) du premier passage (30) est ouvert et une position d'ouverture de ce canal (42) et dans laquelle le clapet (31) du premier passage est fermé. Hydraulic actuator according to Claim 2, characterized in that the control members (40) comprise: a first rod (41) disposed in the first passage (30) and acting on the valve (31) of this first passage (30), said first rod (41) comprising an axial channel (42) for passage of the fluid of the chamber lower (24) to the upper chamber (25), a second rod (43) disposed in the axis of the first rod (41) and connected to an actuating system, and a pusher (44) disposed between said rods (41, 43) and movable against return springs (35, 46) by the second rod (43) between a closed position of the channel (42) and wherein the valve (31) of the first passage (30) is open and an opening position of this channel (42) and wherein the valve (31) of the first passage is closed. Actionneur hydraulique selon les revendications 2 et 3, caractérisé en ce que le clapet (31) du premier passage (30) est maintenu appliqué par un ressort de compression (37) contre un siège (36) ménagé dans le premier passage (30) pour commander l'écoulement du fluide de la chambre inférieure (24) vers la chambre supérieure (25).Hydraulic actuator according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the valve (31) of the first passage (30) is held by a compression spring (37) against a seat (36) in the first passage (30) for controlling the flow of fluid from the lower chamber (24) to the upper chamber (25). Actionneur hydraulique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le clapet (33) du second passage (32) est maintenu appliqué par un ressort de compression (48) contre un siège (47) ménagé dans le second passage (32) pour commander l'écoulement du fluide de la chambre supérieure (25) vers la chambre inférieure (24).Hydraulic actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve (33) of the second passage (32) is held by a compression spring (48) against a seat (47) in the second passage (32). ) for controlling the flow of fluid from the upper chamber (25) to the lower chamber (24). Actionneur hydraulique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les ressorts de rappel du poussoir (44) comprennent un premier ressort (35) interposé entre la face inférieure (22a) du piston (22) et le poussoir (44) et un second ressort (46) interposé entre le fond du canal (42) de la tige (41) et ledit poussoir (44).Hydraulic actuator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the return springs of the pusher (44) comprise a first spring (35) interposed between the lower face (22a) of the piston (22) and the pusher (44). and a second spring (46) interposed between the bottom of the channel (42) of the rod (41) and said pusher (44). Actionneur hydraulique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la chambre inférieure (24) est raccordée à une pompe (50) de gavage en fluide.Hydraulic actuator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower chamber (24) is connected to a fluid feeding pump (50). Moteur à combustion interne, comprenant au moins un cylindre (1) dans lequel peut se déplacer un piston (2) entre un point mort haut et un point mort bas et des moyens pour faire varier la position du point mort haut entre des limites prédéterminées afin de faire varier simultanément la course du piston (2), la position du point mort bas et corrélativement le rapport volumétrique et la cylindrée en fonction des conditions d'utilisation du moteur, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens comprennent un actionneur hydraulique (20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, relié audit piston (2) par un ensemble de bielles articulées (3, 4, 7).Internal combustion engine, comprising at least one cylinder (1) in which a piston (2) can move between a top dead center and a bottom dead center and means for varying the position of the top dead center between predetermined limits so as to simultaneously varying the stroke of the piston (2), the position of the bottom dead center and correlatively the volumetric ratio and the displacement according to the conditions of use of the engine, characterized in that said means comprise a hydraulic actuator (20) according to any one of the preceding claims, connected to said piston (2) by a set of articulated links (3, 4, 7).
EP04292347A 2003-10-02 2004-10-01 Hydraulic actioning device for an internal combustion negine Expired - Lifetime EP1520970B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR0311566A FR2860551B1 (en) 2003-10-02 2003-10-02 HYDRAULIC ACTUATOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE SUCH HYDRAULIC ACTUATOR
FR0311566 2003-10-02

Publications (2)

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EP1520970A1 true EP1520970A1 (en) 2005-04-06
EP1520970B1 EP1520970B1 (en) 2006-05-17

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EP04292347A Expired - Lifetime EP1520970B1 (en) 2003-10-02 2004-10-01 Hydraulic actioning device for an internal combustion negine

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EP (1) EP1520970B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE326623T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602004000901T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2264098T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2860551B1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011107131A1 (en) * 2010-03-02 2011-09-09 Daimler Ag Reciprocating-piston engine
EP2022959A3 (en) * 2007-08-10 2014-06-18 Nissan Motor Company Limited Variable compression ratio device for internal combustion engine

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009006633A1 (en) * 2009-01-29 2010-08-05 Audi Ag Internal combustion engine with extended expansion stroke and adjustable compression ratio
AT521676B1 (en) * 2018-10-08 2020-04-15 Avl List Gmbh Length-adjustable connecting rod with mechanically operated valve

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4131094A (en) * 1977-02-07 1978-12-26 Crise George W Variable displacement internal combustion engine having automatic piston stroke control
DE3148193A1 (en) * 1981-12-05 1983-06-09 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Piston internal combustion engine with variable compression ratio
JPS6241970A (en) * 1985-08-20 1987-02-23 Toyota Motor Corp Mechanism for varying piston stroke
US6202623B1 (en) * 1997-09-12 2001-03-20 Preservation Holdings Limited Internal combustion engines

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4131094A (en) * 1977-02-07 1978-12-26 Crise George W Variable displacement internal combustion engine having automatic piston stroke control
DE3148193A1 (en) * 1981-12-05 1983-06-09 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Piston internal combustion engine with variable compression ratio
JPS6241970A (en) * 1985-08-20 1987-02-23 Toyota Motor Corp Mechanism for varying piston stroke
US6202623B1 (en) * 1997-09-12 2001-03-20 Preservation Holdings Limited Internal combustion engines

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 011, no. 228 (M - 610) 24 July 1987 (1987-07-24) *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2022959A3 (en) * 2007-08-10 2014-06-18 Nissan Motor Company Limited Variable compression ratio device for internal combustion engine
WO2011107131A1 (en) * 2010-03-02 2011-09-09 Daimler Ag Reciprocating-piston engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2264098T3 (en) 2006-12-16
DE602004000901T2 (en) 2006-11-30
FR2860551A1 (en) 2005-04-08
FR2860551B1 (en) 2007-05-11
ATE326623T1 (en) 2006-06-15
EP1520970B1 (en) 2006-05-17
DE602004000901D1 (en) 2006-06-22

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