EP1505916A2 - Trocar with mechanism for covering and uncovering the scalpel - Google Patents
Trocar with mechanism for covering and uncovering the scalpelInfo
- Publication number
- EP1505916A2 EP1505916A2 EP03720864A EP03720864A EP1505916A2 EP 1505916 A2 EP1505916 A2 EP 1505916A2 EP 03720864 A EP03720864 A EP 03720864A EP 03720864 A EP03720864 A EP 03720864A EP 1505916 A2 EP1505916 A2 EP 1505916A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- connection body
- scalpel
- gear wheel
- inner cannula
- multiple gear
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3494—Trocars; Puncturing needles with safety means for protection against accidental cutting or pricking, e.g. limiting insertion depth, pressure sensors
- A61B17/3496—Protecting sleeves or inner probes; Retractable tips
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3415—Trocars; Puncturing needles for introducing tubes or catheters, e.g. gastrostomy tubes, drain catheters
Definitions
- connection body (26) of the orthogonal wings (265) of tubular cylindrical part (261) of the connection body (26).
- the pressure exerted on the end of the inner cannula (27) causes its movement towards the inside of the connection body (26), at the same time pushing also the internal cylinder (24) and the multiple gear wheel (22).
Abstract
The invention is a new trocar, comprising a guide cannula and a removable insert provided with an extension and locking mechanism of the inner cannula, comprising a tubular connection body (26), an external cylinder (24) housed in the connection body (26), having vertical protrusions (241) with saw tooth-shaped upper end, an internal cylinder (25), housed in the external cylinder (24), a metal ring (23), housed around the protrusions (242) of the external cylinder (24), a multiple gear wheel (22), housed in the external cylinder (24) and on the internal cylinder (25), and a lower cylindrical part (223), having vertical protrusions (224) with saw tooth-shaped lower end (225).
Description
TROCAR WITH MECHANISM FOR COVERING AND UNCOVERING
THE SCALPEL
DESCRIPTION The invention concerns the field of surgical instruments for minimally invasive surgical investigations and procedures, and in particular it concerns a new trocar provided with a mechanism for covering and uncovering the tip of the scalpel. Minimally invasive surgical investigation techniques and procedures are constantly improved and used more and more frequently. These surgical investigations and procedures require the insertion of a guide cannula in the patient's body, through one or more . minimal incisions. The specifically shaped endoscopic instruments and/or surgical instruments are inserted into said guide cannulas until reaching the area or point that must be examined or treated surgically. The incision and the application of the guide cannula are actually carried out by means of an instrument, commonly called trocar, comprising an outer cannula inside which a second cannula is located, with the scalpel sliding inside said second cannula. The tip of the scalpel and the ends of the two cannulas are shaped in such a way as to form a continuous point. On the end opposite the end that is inserted in the incision, the outer cannula has a grip with a central hole. The inner cannula and the scalpel are inserted into the central hole of the grip, which allows the inner cannula to be fixed and makes it easy for the operator to hold the trocar. The inner cannula and the sliding scalpel are provided, at the end opposite the tip of the scalpel, with elements suitable for coupling them with the trocar outer cannula. Substantially, the outer cannula of the trocar constitutes the guide cannula in
which the investigation means or the surgical instruments will be inserted. From an operative point of view the trocar, comprising the guide cannula and the inner cannula with sliding scalpel, is positioned on the skin, the scalpel is used to carry out the incision and then the guide cannula is inserted in the incision. Once the guide cannula has been positioned correctly, the inner cannula and the scalpel are drawn out of the guide cannula itself to allow the insertion of the investigation means and/or the surgical instruments.
Other parts and elements complete the trocar, in order to prevent foreign matters or contaminated air from getting into the incision through the cannula, and also to prevent the expulsion of body fluids or substances through the cannula.
The tip of the scalpel, besides cutting the skin to allow the guide cannula to be inserted therein, may also represent a risk for the operators and the patients, since it may cause unwanted injuries. This risk is always present, when the trocar is handed to the operator who must use it, when the operator must locate the exact point where the incision has to be carried out, and when the inner cannula and the scalpel are drawn out of the guide cannula.
Just holding the trocar or resting it on the skin to decide where to carry out the incision, the operator runs the risk of injuring himself/herself and/or the patient.
Another problem is represented by the fact that the tip of the scalpel must be kept exposed. Since the guide cannula must be inserted deeply, the tip of the scalpel must be kept out of the end of the cannula. Consequently, the operator is forced to hold the trocar in such a way as to keep the scalpel uncovered, which makes it difficult for him/her to direct the trocar and push it forward.
According to the regulations in force, the tip of the scalpel can be exposed only when necessary, that is, when the trocar end is in contact with the skin, and the covering/uncovering of the tip must be controlled through safety mechanisms and/or devices.
The object of the invention is a new type of trocar with scalpel covering/uncovering mechanism. One of the main aims of the new trocar is to prevent the tip of the scalpel from being accidentally uncovered and left out of the end of the cannula. Another aim of the new trocar is to keep the tip of the scalpel out of the end of the cannula with no need for the operator to concentrate on this aspect of the procedure.
Another aim of the new trocar is to ensure that the tip of the scalpel can be covered once it has performed its task. The mechanism for the covering and uncovering of the scalpel makes the inner cannula slide on the scalpel and comprises a series of generically cylindrical overlapping and/or concentrical elements having the cylindrical surfaces and/or the upper and/or lower surfaces provided with squared or saw tooth-shaped protrusions. This mechanism is housed in the trocar side that is opposite the tip of the cannulas and scalpel, that is, in the grip side.
The characteristics of the new trocar will be better highlighted by the following description of one among many possible applications of the invention, illustrated in the enclosed drawing. The new trocar comprises, in its main parts, a guide cannula and a removable insert (2) constituted by the inner cannula (27), the scalpel (28) and the mechanisms for extending and locking the inner cannula (27).
The guide cannula comprises a tube-shaped element (11) that constitutes the guide cannula, as it is properly defined, and a grip (12) that allows the operator to hold the trocar and the guide cannula to be connected with the removable insert (2).
The removable insert (2) comprises the inner cannula (27), the scalpel (28), a connection body (26) and a cover (21) enclosing cylinders (24, 25), metal rings
(23), gear wheels (22) that make up the mechanism for the extension and locking of the scalpel (28).
The inner cannula (27) is a tubular element suitable for housing the scalpel (28) and for being housed in the guide cannula. One end of the inner cannula (27) is such as to be connected, in a continuous and uniform way, with the cutting end of the scalpel (28), while the other end, which faces the connection body (26) and the cover (21), is provided with radial protrusions (271).
The scalpel (28) is constituted by a rod (281), one end of which has a sharp tip, or is shaped in such a way as to be suitable for carrying out an incision, while the other end is suitable for being connected with the cover (21).
This scalpel (28) is housed in the inner cannula (27), so that the end of the scalpel (28) suitable for being connected with the cover (21) is located on the same side as the end of the inner cannula (27) provided with radial protrusions (271). The end of the inner cannula (27) provided with radial protrusions (271) slides in the connection body (26).
Said connection body (26) comprises a cylindrical tubular part (261), surrounded by an annular part (262). The cylindrical tubular part (261) is provided at its bottom with a central hole (263) with vertical grooves, in which the inner cannula (27) slides, and is provided at its top with an annular seat (264) having on its outer edge wings (265) that are orthogonal to said annular seat (264).
The upper end of each orthogonal wing (265) has the shape of an arrow, that is, has a tooth-shaped protrusion (266) directed towards the centre of the connection body (26). The annular part (262) of the connection body (26) is shaped in such a way as to be coupled with the grip (12) of the guide cannula.
The cover (21) has the shape of a dome or a similar shape and is suitable for application to the top of the connection body (26) and for enclosing all the scalpel
(28) extension and locking mechanisms. In particular, the lateral surface of the cover (21) is provided with one or more slots (212) having the shape of an upturned L, that is, comprising a vertical section that extends from the lower edge of the cover (21) towards its top and a horizontal section.
The mechanisms housed between the connection body (26) and the cover (21) comprise two concentrical cylinders (24, 25), a metal ring (23), a multiple gear wheel (22) and at least one elastic element, typically a cylindrical helical spring (29). The internal cylinder (25) is provided on its cylindrical surface with protrusions (251) having rectangular cross section and arranged parallel to the axis of the cylinder (25) itself. The upper part of the internal cylinder (25) is provided with a series of vertical teeth (252) having a generically triangular symmetrical shape and arranged in such a way as to form a crown. The external cylinder (24) has a tubolar shape and its inner hole is such as to house the internal cylinder (25).
The inner surface of the external cylinder (24) is provided with vertical protrusions (241) parallel to the axis of the cylinder (24) itself and having rectangular cross section, saw tooth-shaped upper ends and being arranged clockwise.
The inner surface of the external cylinder (24) has, on its upper area, radial, saw tooth-shaped protrusions (242) arranged clockwise.
The external cylinder (24) with its internal cylinder (25) are housed inside the tubular cylindrical part (261) of the connection body (26). In particular, both the concentrical cylinders (24, 25) are higher than the tubular cylindrical part (261) of the connection body (26) and the saw tooth-shaped protrusions (242) of the external cylinder (24) are positioned on the annular seat (264) of the connection
body (26). The metal ring (23) comprises a ring (231) provided with one or more radial projections (232). The inner surface of the ring part (231) of the metal ring (23) is provided with two or more saw tooth-shaped protrusions (233) arranged anticlockwise.
Said metal ring (23) is applied to the annular seat (264) of the connection body
(26), so that the saw tooth-shaped protrusions (233) of the metal ring (23) engage in the saw tooth-shaped protrusions (242) of the external cylinder (24).
In this position, the radial projections (232) of the metal ring (23) are housed in the slots (212) of the cover (21) applied to the connection body (26) and more specifically in the horizontal part of said slots (212).
The multiple gear wheel (22) comprises a disc-shaped part (221) with a cylindrical part (223) in central, lower position.
The diameter of the disc-shaped part (221) is shorter than the distance between two opposite saw tooth-shaped protrusions (266) of the connection body (26) and is provided, on its edge, with radial projections (222).
The cylindrical part (223) has the same diameter has the internal cylinder (25) and has, on its cylindrical surface, vertical protrusions (224) with tooth-shaped lower end (225) equal to the protrusions with rectangular cross section (251) and to the teeth (252) of the internal cylinder (25). In particular, the lower teeth (252) of the cylindrical part (223) of the multiple gear wheel (22) have the shape of saw teeth and are arranged anticlockwise.
Said multiple gear wheel (22) is housed in the external cylinder (24) and over the internal cylinder (25), so that its lower teeth (225) engage in the upper teeth (252) of the internal cylinder (25).
The cylindrical helical spring (2) is a spring, or another suitable elastic element, positioned around the upper end of the rod (281) of the scalpel (28) and between
the multiple gear wheel (22) and the upper inner part of the cover (21).
In normal position, that is, before use, the two concentrical cylinders (24, 25) are housed in the tubular cylindrical part (261) of the connection body (26), the metal ring (23) rests on the annular seat (264) of the cylindrical part (261) of the connection body (26) and engages its inner teeth (233) in the teeth (242) of the external cylinder (24), the multiple gear wheel (22) rests on the internal cylinder
(25) and its radial projections (222) are held by the tooth-shaped protrusions (266) of the orthogonal wings (265) of tubular cylindrical part (261) of the connection body (26), the cylindrical spring (29) pushes the multiple gear wheel (22), and consequently also the internal cylinder (25) and the inner cannula (27), downwards. The scalpel (28) is joined to the cover (21).
In this position the inner cannula (27) is completely lowered, that is, it is extended from the connection body (26) and covers completely the scalpel (28) and in particular the tip of the scalpel (28). Consequently, the removable insert (2) is harmless, since the point of the inner cannula (27) isn't sharp and therefore cannot cut either the skin or the tissues.
Any pressure exerted on the point of the inner cannula (27) cannot uncover the tip of the scalpel, since the sliding (backward movement in the connection body (26)) of the inner cannula (27) is prevented by the cylinders (24, 25) and by the multiple gear wheel (22) of the mechanism. Specifically, the multiple gear wheel (22) prevents any movement toward the top of the cover (21), since its radial projections (222) are held by the tooth-shaped protrusions (266) of the orthogonal wings (265) of tubular cylindrical part (261) of the connection body (26). When it is necessary to uncover the tip of the scalpel (28), it is sufficient to load the mechanism, that is, rotate the metal ring (23) anticlockwise, acting on its radial projections (232) protruding from the cover (21). The rotation of the metal ring (23) causes the rotation of the external cylinder
(24), of the internal cylinder (25) and consequently also of the multiple gear wheel
(22) that releases its radial projections (222) from the tooth-shaped protrusions
(266) of the orthogonal wings (265) of tubular cylindrical part (261) of the connection body (26). The pressure exerted on the end of the inner cannula (27) causes its movement towards the inside of the connection body (26), at the same time pushing also the internal cylinder (24) and the multiple gear wheel (22).
Said pressure and consequent movement of the inner cannula (27) uncovers the tip of the scalpel (28), which thus can cut the skin. As soon as the pressure exerted on the end of the inner cannula (27) ends, the cylindrical spring (29) exerts its thrusting action on the multiple gear wheel (22) and therefore on the internal cylinder (24), moving said multiple gear wheel (22) and internal cylinder (24) towards the connection body (26) and towards the tip of the scalpel (28). Said movement pushes the inner cannula (27) so that it covers the tip of the scalpel (28). Furthermore, the multiple gear wheel (22) turns further anticlockwise, since its lower teeth (225) slide on the teeth (252) of the inner cylinder (25), bringing the radial projections (222) of said multiple gear wheel (22) under the tooth-shaped protrusions (266) of the orthogonal wings (265) of tubular cylindrical part (261) of the connection body (26).
This final position, identical to the initial position described above, prevents the movement of the inner cannula (27) on the scalpel (28), keeping its tip covered. If it is necessary to uncover the tip of the scalpel again, the metal ring (23) must be rotated in the opposite direction (clockwise), so that its saw tooth-shaped protrusions (233) move backward and engage in other saw tooth-shaped protrusions (242), and the rotation of the metal ring described above must be repeated anticlockwise, loading the mechanism again.
Therefore, with reference to the above description and the attached drawing, the following claims are put forth.
Claims
1. Trocar comprising a guide cannula and a removable insert (2) constituted by the inner cannula (27), the scalpel (28) and the inner cannula (27) extension and locking mechanism, characterized in that the inner cannula (27) extension and locking mechanism comprises:
■ a tubular connection body (26) provided at its top with orthogonal wings (265) with tooth-shaped ends (266) directed towards the centre of the connection body (26);
■ an external cylinder (24), housed in the connection body (26), having on its inner surface vertical protrusions (241) with saw tooth-shaped upper end and on the upper area of the external surface radial, saw tooth-shaped protrusions (242) arranged clockwise;
■ an internal cylinder (25), housed in the external cylinder (24), provided on its cylindrical surface with vertical protrusions (251) with rectangular cross section and upper part in the shape of triangular teeth (252);
■ a metal ring (23), housed around the protrusions (242) of the external cylinder (24), comprising a ring (231) provided with one or more radial projections (232) and having on its inner surface two or more saw tooth- shaped protrusions (233) arranged anticlockwise; " a multiple gear wheel (22), housed in the external cylinder (24) and on the internal cylinder (25), constituted by a disc-shaped part (221), having radial projections (222) and by a lower cylindrical part (223), having vertical protrusions (224) with saw tooth-shaped lower end (225);
■ a cover (21) provided with one or more slots (212) in the shape of an overturned L, applied to the connection body (26) and joined to the scalpel
(28);
■ an elastic element (29) thrusting the multiple gear wheel (22).
2. Trocar according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper end of the inner cannula (27) is provided with two or more radial wings (271), and wherein said end with wings (271) of the inner cannula (27) is housed and slides in the connection body (26).
3. Trocar according to claims 1, 2, characterized in that the radial projections
(222) of the multiple gear wheel (22) are held by the tooth-shaped ends (266) of the orthogonal wings (265) of the connection body (26).
4. Trocar according to claims 1, 2, 3, characterized in that the rotation of the metal ring (23) causes the rotation of the external cylinder (24), of the internal cylinder (25) and consequently also of the multiple gear wheel (22) that releases its radial projections (222) from the tooth-shaped protrusions (266) of the orthogonal wings (265) of the connection body (26), and wherein the pressure exerted on the end of the inner cannula (27) makes said inner cannula (27), said internal cylinder (25) and said multiple gear wheel (22) move inside the connection body (26), thus uncovering the tip of the scalpel (28).
5. Trocar according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, characterized in that as soon as the pressure exerted on the inner cannula (27) ends, the elastic element (29) exerts a thrusting action on said multiple gear wheel (22), on said internal cylinder (24) and on the inner cannula (27), bringing them back to their original positions and covering the tip of the scalpel (28), and wherein said multiple gear wheel (22) rotates further anticlockwise, since its lower teeth (225) slide on the teeth (252) of the internal cylinder (25), bringing the radial projections (222) of said multiple gear wheel (22) under the tooth-shaped protrusions (266) of the orthogonal wings (265) of tubular cylindrical part (261) of the connection body (26).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITPD20020100 | 2002-04-22 | ||
| ITPD20020100 ITPD20020100A1 (en) | 2002-04-22 | 2002-04-22 | TROCAR FOR ENGRAVINGS WITH COVERING AND DISCOVERY MECHANISM OF THE SCALPEL |
| PCT/IT2003/000209 WO2003088853A2 (en) | 2002-04-22 | 2003-04-07 | Trocar with mechanism for covering and uncovering the scalpel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1505916A2 true EP1505916A2 (en) | 2005-02-16 |
Family
ID=29227561
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03720864A Withdrawn EP1505916A2 (en) | 2002-04-22 | 2003-04-07 | Trocar with mechanism for covering and uncovering the scalpel |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1505916A2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2003224438A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | ITPD20020100A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003088853A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104068922B (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2016-07-06 | 浙江天松医疗器械股份有限公司 | Protection puncture needle |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU7727194A (en) * | 1993-09-07 | 1995-03-27 | Invamed, Inc. | Safety shielded, reusable trocar |
-
2002
- 2002-04-22 IT ITPD20020100 patent/ITPD20020100A1/en unknown
-
2003
- 2003-04-07 WO PCT/IT2003/000209 patent/WO2003088853A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-04-07 AU AU2003224438A patent/AU2003224438A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-04-07 EP EP03720864A patent/EP1505916A2/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO03088853A3 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2003224438A1 (en) | 2003-11-03 |
| WO2003088853A2 (en) | 2003-10-30 |
| ITPD20020100A1 (en) | 2003-10-22 |
| WO2003088853A3 (en) | 2004-01-15 |
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Legal Events
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| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20061101 |