EP1504406A2 - Authentication with biometric data - Google Patents

Authentication with biometric data

Info

Publication number
EP1504406A2
EP1504406A2 EP03735280A EP03735280A EP1504406A2 EP 1504406 A2 EP1504406 A2 EP 1504406A2 EP 03735280 A EP03735280 A EP 03735280A EP 03735280 A EP03735280 A EP 03735280A EP 1504406 A2 EP1504406 A2 EP 1504406A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
finger
authentication
feature data
biometric data
characteristic data
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03735280A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Josef Birchbauer
Wolfgang Marius
Arno Raunegger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1504406A2 publication Critical patent/EP1504406A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/1382—Detecting the live character of the finger, i.e. distinguishing from a fake or cadaver finger
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1306—Sensors therefor non-optical, e.g. ultrasonic or capacitive sensing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/1347—Preprocessing; Feature extraction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/1365—Matching; Classification

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the traces left on the sensor surface during the normal use of capacitive fingerprint sensors can in some cases generate an afterimage of the fingerprint by suitable manipulation. This can be of such a high quality that it is accepted by the image processing and provides evaluable features. Under certain circumstances, these can correspond to the last finger applied and lead to false acceptance.
  • the feature lists of successively recorded fingerprints must not exceed a certain degree of similarity. For example, it is required that images must differ by a minimum in terms of translation and twisting. Together with suitable user guidance, the user is always presented with the finger in a new position for each request process.
  • the main memory and local periphery of a data processing device serve as the memory for the most recently determined feature lists of the sensor.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the latency image rejection in an authentication method mentioned at the beginning.
  • FIG. 1 shows the process sequence according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a variant for determining the position of a fingerprint.
  • the authentication method according to the invention is based on the principle shown in FIG. 1, in which, after recognition, one and the same finger is repeatedly presented until there are sufficient differences in the relative orientation.
  • phase P1 feature data are extracted from the recorded fingerprint image and, depending on the scenario, compared with an individual reference, in a verification, or an archive of references, in an identification.
  • a capacitive fingerprint sensor is used to record the fingerprint.
  • the system changes to phase P2.
  • the above-mentioned steps are carried out cyclically until the relative offset (dx, dy) and / or the relative rotation d ⁇ exceed predetermined minimum values or a timeout, that is to say a timeout occurs.
  • phase P2 can always be carried out as a verification due to the knowledge of the identity in question.
  • Phase P2 is therefore independent of the archive size. This is particularly the case with less powerful hardware, for example with embedded systems. advantageous in that real-time responsiveness seems essential for usability.
  • a first variant provides for a direct connection between the recorded request prints and the characteristic data obtained from them.
  • a second variant consists in projecting a fixed point on the sensor, such as the sensor center point provided with a directional arrow, into the coordinate system of the reference and evaluating the relative orientation in the reference space.
  • the second variant is to be classified as more general, since it also works with a larger offset, while in the first variant it may no longer be possible to establish a reference. However, in the absence of any reference, a sufficient offset can be assumed.
  • SDC Shifted Double Click ⁇
  • SDC Shifted Double Click
  • a non-volatile stored latency template of the last determined characteristics On the one hand, with SDC it is no longer necessary to permanently store a latency template. This is particularly advantageous in the case of client server applications, where, in view of the large number of terminal devices operated simultaneously, there is no need to manage the individual latency templates. For security reasons, too, it seems cheaper to leave no traces with regard to the last detection process. Furthermore, with SDC, the sequence of movements becomes a fixed part of the recognition process and therefore more familiar to the user than sporadic requests to put the finger on again.
  • the method according to the invention helps to reduce the risk of incorrect acceptance by an unauthorized user.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Collating Specific Patterns (AREA)
  • Image Input (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an authentication method comprising biometric characteristic data, especially characteristic data taken from finger-prints. According to the invention, the characteristic data is captured at least twice for each authentication request, and a position alteration between successive captures is evaluated and rated.

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Authentifizierung mit BiometriedatenAuthentication with biometric data
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
Die bei der normalen Benutzung kapazitiver Fingerprintsensoren auf der Sensoroberfläche zurückbleibenden Spuren können durch geeignete Manipulation in manchen Fällen ein Nachbild des Fingerabdruckes erzeugen. Dieses kann von so hoher Qualität sein, dass es von der Bildverarbeitung akzeptiert wird und auswertbare Merkmale liefert. Unter Umständen können diese dem zuletzt anliegenden Finger entsprechen und zu einer falschen Akzeptanz führen.The traces left on the sensor surface during the normal use of capacitive fingerprint sensors can in some cases generate an afterimage of the fingerprint by suitable manipulation. This can be of such a high quality that it is accepted by the image processing and provides evaluable features. Under certain circumstances, these can correspond to the last finger applied and lead to false acceptance.
Bei bekannten Verfahren beziehungsweise Sensoren dürfen die Merkmalslisten aufeinanderfolgend aufgenommener Fingerabdrücke ein bestimmtes Ähnlichkeitsmaß nicht überschreiten. Es wird zum Beispiel gefordert, dass sich Bilder hinsichtlich Translation und Verdrehung um einen Mindestbetrag unterscheiden müssen. Zusammen mit einer geeigneten Benutzerführung wird damit erreicht, dass der Benutzer den Finger für jeden Anfragevorgang in immer neuer Lage präsentiert. Als Speicher für die zuletzt ermittelten Merkmalslisten des Sensors dienen Hauptspeicher und lokale Peripherie einer Datenverarbeitungseinrichtung.In known methods or sensors, the feature lists of successively recorded fingerprints must not exceed a certain degree of similarity. For example, it is required that images must differ by a minimum in terms of translation and twisting. Together with suitable user guidance, the user is always presented with the finger in a new position for each request process. The main memory and local periphery of a data processing device serve as the memory for the most recently determined feature lists of the sensor.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Latenzbildab- weisung bei einem eingangs genannten Authentifikationsverfah- ren zu verbessern.The object of the invention is to improve the latency image rejection in an authentication method mentioned at the beginning.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die im Patentanspruch 1 genannten Merkmale gelöst. Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles beschrieben. Dabei zeigen:This object is achieved by the features mentioned in claim 1. The invention is described below using an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. Show:
Figur 1 den erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensablauf, und Figur 2 eine Variante zur Positionsbestimmung eines Fingerabdruckes .1 shows the process sequence according to the invention, and FIG. 2 shows a variant for determining the position of a fingerprint.
Das erfindungsgemäße Authentifizierungsverfahren basiert auf dem in Figur 1 dargestellten Prinzip, bei dem nach erfolgter Erkennung ein und derselbe Finger wiederholt vorgelegt wird bis hinreichende Unterschiede in der relativen Orientierung bestehen.The authentication method according to the invention is based on the principle shown in FIG. 1, in which, after recognition, one and the same finger is repeatedly presented until there are sufficient differences in the relative orientation.
Beim erfindungsgemäßen Authentifizierungsverfahren besteht daher keine Notwendigkeit der Speicherung der zuletzt ermittelten Merkmale beziehungsweise Merkmalsdaten.In the authentication method according to the invention there is therefore no need to store the last determined features or feature data.
In Phase Pl werden wie üblich aus dem aufgenommenen Fingerabdruckbild Merkmalsdaten extrahiert und diese je nach Szenario mit einer einzelnen Referenz, in einer Verifikation, oder einem Archiv von Referenzen, in einer Identifikation, verglichen. Zur Aufnahme des Fingerabdruckes dient beispielsweise ein kapazitiver Fingerprintsensor.In phase P1, as usual, feature data are extracted from the recorded fingerprint image and, depending on the scenario, compared with an individual reference, in a verification, or an archive of references, in an identification. For example, a capacitive fingerprint sensor is used to record the fingerprint.
Ist die Erkennung positiv, so wechselt das System in die Phase P2. Dabei werden die zuvor genannten Schritte zyklisch durchlaufen bis der relative Versatz (dx,dy) und/oder die Relativverdrehung dφ vorgegebene Mindestwerte überschreiten o- der eine Zeitüberschreitung, das heisst ein Timeout eintritt.If the detection is positive, the system changes to phase P2. The above-mentioned steps are carried out cyclically until the relative offset (dx, dy) and / or the relative rotation dφ exceed predetermined minimum values or a timeout, that is to say a timeout occurs.
In diesem Zusammenhang ist anzumerken, dass Phase P2 infolge der Kenntnis der in Frage kommenden Identität immer als Verifikation ausgeführt werden kann. Die Phase P2 ist somit unabhängig von der Archivgröße. Dies ist gerade bei einer weniger leistungsfähiger Hardware, beispielsweise bei Embedded Syste- men, insofern vorteilhaft, als ein echtzeitfähiges Reaktionsverhalten für die Benutzbarkeit wesentlich erscheint.In this context it should be noted that phase P2 can always be carried out as a verification due to the knowledge of the identity in question. Phase P2 is therefore independent of the archive size. This is particularly the case with less powerful hardware, for example with embedded systems. advantageous in that real-time responsiveness seems essential for usability.
Zur Bewertung der relativen Orientierung bestehen grundsätzlich zwei Möglichkeiten:There are basically two options for evaluating the relative orientation:
• Eine erste Variante sieht vor, einen direkten Bezug zwischen den aufgenommenen Anfrageprints und den daraus gewonnenen Merkmalsdaten herzustellen.• A first variant provides for a direct connection between the recorded request prints and the characteristic data obtained from them.
• Eine zweite Variante besteht darin, wie aus Figur 2 ersichtlich, einen Fixpunkt am Sensor, wie beispielsweise den mit einem Richtungspfeil versehenen Sensormittelpunkt, in das Koordinatensystem der Referenz zu projizieren und die relative Orientierung im Referenzraum zu bewerten.• As can be seen from FIG. 2, a second variant consists in projecting a fixed point on the sensor, such as the sensor center point provided with a directional arrow, into the coordinate system of the reference and evaluating the relative orientation in the reference space.
Die zweite Variante ist als allgemeiner einzustufen, da sie auch bei einem größeren Versatz funktioniert während bei der ersten Variante unter Umständen kein Bezug mehr hergestellt werden kann. Jedoch kann beim Fehlen jeglichen Bezuges ein hinreichender Versatz angenommen werden.The second variant is to be classified as more general, since it also works with a larger offset, while in the first variant it may no longer be possible to establish a reference. However, in the absence of any reference, a sufficient offset can be assumed.
Je nach Benutzerpräferenz gibt es verschiedene Bewegungsabläufe um die Fingerauflage auf dem Sensor gezielt zu variieren. Ein sogenanntes „Shifted Double ClickΛλ (SDC) ist eine leichte Abwandlung eines Bewegungsablaufes, der wohl jedem Computerbenutzer durch den Umgang mit der Computer-Maus vertraut ist. Alternativ besteht die Möglichkeit den Finger etwas zu drehen, oder bei Verringerung des Anpressdrucks den Finger direkt am Sensor zu verschieben.Depending on user preference, there are different movement sequences to specifically vary the finger rest on the sensor. A so-called “Shifted Double Click Λλ (SDC) is a slight modification of a sequence of movements that every computer user is probably familiar with when using the computer mouse. Alternatively, there is the possibility to turn the finger a little, or to move the finger directly on the sensor when the contact pressure is reduced.
Das erfindungsgemäß Authentifikationsverfahren bietet folgende Vorteile gegenüber früheren Lösungen:The authentication method according to the invention offers the following advantages over previous solutions:
• Shifted Double Click (SDC) gegenüber einem Vergleich mit einem nichtflüchtig gespeicherten Latenz-Template der zuletzt ermittelten Merkmale: Zum einen ist es mit SDC nicht mehr notwendig ein Latenz- Template permanent abzulegen. Dies ist insbesondere bei Client Server Anwendungen vorteilhaft, wo angesichts einer Vielzahl von gleichzeitig betriebenen Endgeräten der Aufwand zur Verwaltung der individuellen Latenz-Templates entfällt. Auch aus sicherheitstechnischen Überlegungen scheint es günstiger, möglichst keine Spuren bezüglich des letzten Erken- nungsvorganges zu hinterlassen. Weiteres wird mit SDC der Bewegungsablauf zum fixen Teil des Erkennungsvorgangs und somit für den Benutzer gewohnter als sporadische Aufforderungen den Finger nochmals versetzt aufzulegen.• Shifted Double Click (SDC) compared to a comparison with a non-volatile stored latency template of the last determined characteristics: On the one hand, with SDC it is no longer necessary to permanently store a latency template. This is particularly advantageous in the case of client server applications, where, in view of the large number of terminal devices operated simultaneously, there is no need to manage the individual latency templates. For security reasons, too, it seems cheaper to leave no traces with regard to the last detection process. Furthermore, with SDC, the sequence of movements becomes a fixed part of the recognition process and therefore more familiar to the user than sporadic requests to put the finger on again.
• Shifted Double Click (SDC) gegenüber einem Fingerwechsel nach jeder erfolgreichen Erkennung:• Shifted Double Click (SDC) compared to a finger change after each successful detection:
Der Vorteil ist hier darin zu sehen, dass jeder Benutzer (i.a. aus Gewohnheit) bevorzugt einen bestimmten Finger auflegt. Außerdem ist bei der nächsten Anmeldung oft nicht mehr im Gedächtnis, welcher Finger zuletzt aufgelegt wurde. Zieht man die vorübergehende Unbrauchbarkeit eines Fingers, etwa durch Verletzung, in Betracht, ist außerdem bei gleicher Ausfallssicherheit ein Finger mehr als bei SDC in das System einzulernen.The advantage here is that each user (usually out of habit) prefers to put a certain finger on. In addition, the next time you log on, it is often no longer remembered which finger was last put on. If one takes into account the temporary uselessness of a finger, for example due to injury, one finger more must be learned into the system than with SDC with the same security against failure.
Schließlich trägt das erfindungsgemäß Verfahren dazu bei, die Gefahr einer falschen Akzeptanz eines nicht autorisierten Benutzers zu reduzieren.Finally, the method according to the invention helps to reduce the risk of incorrect acceptance by an unauthorized user.
Da eine falsche Akzeptanz oftmals nur in Verbindung mit einem bestimmten Bildausschnitt zustande kommt, wird durch Variation der Auflage und damit des betrachteten Bildausschnittes die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Falschalarmrate herabgesetzt. Ein Anstieg in der falschen Rückweisungsrate ist insofern nicht zu befürchten, da es dem Benutzer zuzumuten ist innerhalb ei- ner angemessener Zeitspanne seinen Finger geringfügig zu bewegen. Since false acceptance often only occurs in connection with a certain image detail, the probability of the false alarm rate is reduced by varying the edition and thus the image detail considered. An increase in the false rejection rate is not to be feared, since it can be expected of the user within a to move his finger slightly over a reasonable period of time.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Authentifikationsverfahren mit biometrischen Merkmalsdaten, insbesondere mit aus Fingerabdrücken gewonnenen Merkmalsdaten, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass eine mindestens zweimalige Aufnahme der Merkmalsdaten bei jeder Authentifizierungsanfrage erfolgt, und eine Positionsänderung zwischen den aufeinanderfolgenden Aufnahmen ausgewertet und bewertet wird.1. Authentication method with biometric feature data, in particular with feature data obtained from fingerprints, due to the fact that the feature data is recorded at least twice with each authentication request, and a change in position between the successive recordings is evaluated and evaluated.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Auswertung der Positionsänderung durch einen direkten2. The method of claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the evaluation of the position change by a direct
Vergleich der Merkmalsdaten erfolgt.The feature data is compared.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass zur Auswertung der Positionsänderung die Lage eines Sensorfixpunktes in die Merkmalsdaten projiziert und dessen Orientierung erfasst wird. 3. The method according to claim 1, so that the position of a sensor fixed point is projected into the feature data and its orientation is recorded in order to evaluate the change in position.
EP03735280A 2002-05-14 2003-05-06 Authentication with biometric data Withdrawn EP1504406A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10221422A DE10221422A1 (en) 2002-05-14 2002-05-14 Authentication with biometric data
DE10221422 2002-05-14
PCT/DE2003/001445 WO2003096260A2 (en) 2002-05-14 2003-05-06 Authentication with biometric data

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EP1504406A2 true EP1504406A2 (en) 2005-02-09

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US (1) US20050129289A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1504406A2 (en)
JP (1) JP2005525643A (en)
CN (1) CN1653482A (en)
DE (1) DE10221422A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003096260A2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007022636A1 (en) * 2007-05-15 2008-11-20 Siemens Ag Österreich Method and biometric system for detecting latency impressions
US8605959B2 (en) * 2008-12-22 2013-12-10 International Business Machines Corporation Apparatus, system, and method for sequenced biometric authentication
DE102011111840A1 (en) * 2011-08-27 2013-09-26 Désirée Werner Finger scanner for use in mobile car, has green and red LED displays switched-on for representing activation and deactivation modes of scanner, respectively, where scanner is activated by putting thumb of owner of vehicle into scanner
WO2020053610A1 (en) 2018-09-14 2020-03-19 SOLOVEV, Sergei, Vladimirovich A method for automatic contactless authentication

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US5956415A (en) * 1996-01-26 1999-09-21 Harris Corporation Enhanced security fingerprint sensor package and related methods
CA2273560A1 (en) * 1998-07-17 2000-01-17 David Andrew Inglis Finger sensor operating technique
US6535622B1 (en) * 1999-04-26 2003-03-18 Veridicom, Inc. Method for imaging fingerprints and concealing latent fingerprints
US7054470B2 (en) * 1999-12-02 2006-05-30 International Business Machines Corporation System and method for distortion characterization in fingerprint and palm-print image sequences and using this distortion as a behavioral biometrics
SE519694C2 (en) * 2000-04-28 2003-04-01 Precise Biometrics Ab Fingerprint control

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See references of WO03096260A2 *

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US20050129289A1 (en) 2005-06-16
WO2003096260A3 (en) 2004-01-15
CN1653482A (en) 2005-08-10
WO2003096260A2 (en) 2003-11-20
DE10221422A1 (en) 2003-12-04
JP2005525643A (en) 2005-08-25

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