EP1489937B1

EP1489937B1 - Modular helmet

Info

Publication number: EP1489937B1
Application number: EP03710039A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Andrew Macpherson Rosie
Original assignee: Modular Helmet Systems Ltd
Current assignee: Modular Helmet Systems Ltd
Priority date: 2002-04-04
Filing date: 2003-04-01
Publication date: 2007-07-11
Anticipated expiration: 2023-04-01
Also published as: US6961963B2; GB0207819D0; ATE366524T1; GB2387102A; EP1489937A1; US20050060793A1; DE60314854D1; GB2387102B; WO2003086126A1; ES2292942T3; DE60314854T2; AU2003214465A1

Abstract

A modular helmet system having a helmet base to protect from impacts the crown of a wearer's head and terminating basally in a rear rim and side rims; a C-shaped extension detachably connected to said rims to protect from impacts, when fitted to the helmet base, the base of a wearer's skull; and a crown comb detachably connected centrally over the crown of the helmet base. The helmet base is provided with ventilation windows centrally located over its crown. The comb covers and seals said ventilation windows. The comb is also employed to secure the extension in place, when fitted on the helmet base.

Description

The present invention relates to helmets, and in particular to helmets adaptable to different situations.
In the rescue services there are various levels of protection needed depending on the situation personnel are likely to find themselves.
Thus fire-fighters need maximum protection against impacts to the head coming from both above and to the sides and from behind the head. They also need effective all-round flame and heat protection.
On the other hand, paramedics need less protection, on the whole, when entering a fire or accident situation to treat a victim. It is not likely that they will expose themselves to the same risks as fire-fighters because it is not their role to bring fires under control. They are not interfering with building structures, at least not to the same extent as fire-fighters. Moreover, they need all their senses, including hearing to treat patients effectively.
Finally, in mountain rescue, the helmet is primarily to protect against falls (rather than against falling object impacts) and the operator is often exerting more physical effort. Thus different levels of protection, and ventilation, are again required.
US-A-4975980 discloses a fire-fighter's helmet having an integral adjustable fire-resistant ear flap and hood. US-A-6032297 discloses a helmet constructed from a number of components. GB-A-2361408 discloses a motorcycle helmet constructed from component parts that clip together. DE-A-3214020 and GB-A-2175490 both show a modular crash helmet comprising a base helmet and various components that can be added to configure the helmet in different ways, for example by the addition of a ring element to convert the helmet from open-face to full-face protection.
Presently commercially available helmets permit attachment of various items such as head torches, cameras, visors etc.
It is an object of the present invention therefore to provide a helmet capable of meeting the demands of different applications.
WO-A-9945810 discloses a modular helmet system comprising:

i) a helmet base to protect from impacts the crown of a wearer's head and terminating basally in a rear rim and side rims; and
ii) an extension detachably connectable to said rims to protect from impacts, when fitted to the helmet base, the side and rear of a wearer's skull.
In accordance with the present invention there is provided such a modular helmet system characterised in that said extension is C-shaped and in that said system further comprises:
iii) a crown comb detachably connectable centrally over the crown of the helmet base and arranged, when said extension is attached to the helmet base, to secure said extension in place.

Preferably said helmet base is provided with ventilation windows. Said windows may be centrally located over the crown of the helmet base.
Said comb may cover and seal said ventilation windows. Preferably, the comb is detachably connectable to the helmet base independently of the extension.
Preferably, said extension has two arms and a body, at the end of each arm there being provided an upstanding catch element, and said side rims have a slot to receive said catch elements when said base and extension are moved towards one another in an engagement direction.
Preferably said catch elements engage catch lugs in said slots by movement transverse to said engagement direction after moving the catch elements into said slots.
Preferably, said comb has a sleeve at its base to receive a pin, and said helmet base has a pair of open-sided cups facing one another at the back of the helmet base, said open sides opening towards the front of the helmet base, whereby said comb is connected to said helmet base by inserting said pin in said sleeve, engaging the ends of the pin in said cups, and rotating the comb so as to lever it over the crown of the helmet base.
Preferably, said comb has a latch on its front end remote from said sleeve and adapted to engage a corresponding element on the front of the helmet base. Said latch may comprise a pair of transversely and outwardly facing barbs on the end of resilient prongs. Said corresponding element in this event may comprise a slot-opening in the front wall of the helmet base, into which opening said prongs can enter, said barbs snapping into engagement with the ends of said slot-opening. Said prongs are preferably engageable to release said comb from the helmet base from under and inside the front of the helmet base.
Said extension preferably has a pair of coaxial rings on its body, having an inner separation between them of an amount slightly greater than the length of said sleeve, and said cups are separated from one another by an amount slightly greater than the outer separation of said rings;
whereby said extension is connectable to said helmet base by:

engaging said comb with said extension by sliding said pin through said rings and sleeve when said rings are aligned with and surround the sleeve;
engaging said catch elements in said slots by movement of the extension towards the helmet base in said engagement direction and until said extension abuts said rims and said catch elements are aligned with said catch lugs; and
simultaneously engaging the ends of the pin in the mouths of said cups by movement of the extension in said direction transverse said engagement direction and by pivoting the comb around said pins to lever it over the crown of the helmet base, pull said pin into full engagement with the cups, and also pull the catch elements into engagement with the catch lugs, and whereby the pin is prevented from disengaging said cups, said sleeve and rings.

Engagement of said crown comb over the helmet base prevents the extension moving opposite said transverse direction to release said elements and lugs.
Said catch elements may comprise hooks and said lugs studs. The opening of the hooks may be rearwardly directed with respect to the helmet base.
Said studs may be axles of accessory attachment brackets provided on the sides of the base helmet, which axles pass through apertures formed in the sides of said slots.
Thus, with the helmet base alone, protection against impacts from above are provided while ventilation can be had to the top and sides of the wearer's head and up and through the helmet via the ventilation slots.
When the crown combs alone are added, a further layer of impact protection, over the most likely area for impacts from falling objects, is provided. Thus, the helmet in this form has application for paramedics, where side impacts are not so likely, good protection from falling objects is desirable, but where ventilation is not such a pressing requirement.
Moreover, the central crown line of the helmet is that part most likely to become scuffed, in time. Consequently the facility to exchange crown combs permits the aesthetic appearance of the helmet to be maintained. Indeed, the crown comb provides a convenient location for identification indicia or decals.
Finally, when the extension and crown comb are employed maximum protection from impact is provided, while at the same time routes for the passage of flame or hot gases through the helmet are minimised.
Indeed, the primary use of the system according to the invention is not so much that different users will always use the system in just one of its forms, but rather that any user can adapt the system to suit different situations. It may be that firefighters might typically use the system in its most protective form, but equally they may from time to time meet situations where less protection is needed and ventilation is wanted. Likewise, paramedics and the like might typically use the system in its lightest form, but may occasionally enter situations where a greater level of protection is needed.
Indeed, the invention separately provides a crown comb and an extension for the helmet system of the invention.
The invention is further described hereinafter, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figures 1a to d are a front view, rear view, plan view and side view respectively of a helmet fully assembled in accordance with the present invention;
Figures 2a to d are a front view, rear view, plan view and side view of a helmet base in accordance with the present invention and forming part of the helmet of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the part III in Figure 1d;
Figures 4a, b and c are a rear view, plan view and side view of an extension forming part of the helmet of Figure 1;
Figures 5a to d are a front view, rear view, plan view and side view respectively of a crown comb forming part of the helmet of Figure 1; and
Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view of a preferred form of helmet in accordance with the invention.

In the drawings, a helmet 10 is constructed from a helmet system in accordance with the present invention comprising three primary units. The first unit is a base helmet 120, shown alone in Figure 2. The second unit is C-shaped extension 140, shown alone in Figure 4, and the third unit is a crown comb 160, shown alone in Figure 5. Each unit is injection moulded from plastics material.
Referring first to the helmet base 120 in Figure 2, this comprises a domed shell 14 designed to fit on a user's head and provide protection against impacts towards the top of the wearer's skull. A series of ventilation windows 16 are provided over a central trench 18 over the top of the shell 14. One ventilation window 16a faces towards the front, and is relatively large, while four rearwardly facing ventilation windows 16b are provided towards the rear of the helmet shell 14. The front of the helmet base 120 has a peak 17 and side rims 20 merging into a rear rim 22. Rims 20 and 22 are coplanar. In the centre of rim 22 is a hinge seat 24 defined between two C-shaped cups 26, one at either end of the seat 24. The cups 26 open towards the front, and have bottoms 25 facing one another.
Notches 23 are disposed on the inside of the rims 20 extending into the rims 22. A slot-opening 27 is formed in the bottom of trench 18 and penetrates the peak 17 of the shell 14.
Turning to Figure 4, the extension 140 is C-shaped and comprises side arms 30 merging into body 32. The extension 140 likewise has a coplanar rim in the form of side rims 34 and merging into rear rim 36. Upstanding from the end of each arm 30, from the side rim 34, are two catch elements 38, comprising hooks 39 that are rearwardly opening. The rims 34 are provided with tongues 40 that extend into the rear rims 36. The tongues correspond in size, shape and orientation with the notches 23 on the rims 20, 22 in the helmet base 120.
Across the rear rim 36 is disposed two spaced, closed rings 42 integrally formed with the rest of the extension 140. The rings 42 have open bores 44.
Turning to Figure 5, the crown comb 160 comprises a curved channel section 60 having downwardly depending lips 62. At a rear end of the comb 160 is formed a sleeve 62 having a bore 64 of the same diameter as both the bore 44 of the rings 42 on the extension 140, and the cups 26 of the helmet base 120. A hole 66 is formed in the side of the sleeve 62. This is to permit a ball (not shown) spring-loaded in a pin (not shown, but visible at 126 in Figure 1a) to snap into the hole 66 and locate the pin in the sleeve 62 when it is inserted therein. The pin is of such a length that it extends beyond the ends of the sleeve 62. It is, in fact, the same length as the distance between the facing bottoms 25 of the cups 26 of the helmet base 120.
On the end of front 68 of the crown comb 160 is formed a latch 70. The latch 70 comprises two transversely and outwardly facing barbs 72 and a central support 74 adapted to support the barbs 72 and prevent excessive deflection thereof, as explained further below.
The helmet base illustrated in Figure 2 has application in its own right, without further adaptation as explained below. The helmet is light, it provides a minimum level of head protection, and it has ventilation slots to permit a cooling airflow to the head of the user. Nevertheless, its primary application is as part of the overall system explained below. In this respect firefighters taking part in a rope rescue might employ the helmet in this configuration.
The helmet is not shown with the normal accoutrements of a helmet, such as the internal lining or the straps to retain the helmet in position, or an integral visor. These accoutrements are within the ambit of the person skilled in the art and form no part of the present invention.
The paramedic services generally require a greater level of protection, particularly from falling objects. On the other hand, they do not, on the whole, require side impact protection. Instead, they have a need to be able to communicate effectively with victims of an accident or fire to which they have been called. Moreover, paramedic personnel are not, on the whole, exerting themselves excessively, and therefore do not require helmet ventilation. Accordingly, in a first adaptation of the base helmet, the crown comb 160 can be connected to the base helmet 120. This is achieved by inserting the pin 126 into the sleeve 62 and then, from underneath the helmet base, clipping the ends of the pin extending from the sleeve 62 into the cups 26. The crown comb 160 is then pivoted over the top of the helmet base shell 14 until the latch 70 snaps into the slot-opening 27 in the bottom of trench 18 of the shell 14.
In this position, the lips 62 of the crown comb 160 abut sides 19 of the trench 18. In so doing, the ventilation windows 16 are sealed. Furthermore, the crown comb itself provides further impact resistance at this most vulnerable part of the helmet. Finally, the crown comb 160 also protects the helmet from everyday scuffs and scratches, so that replacement thereof from time to time has the effect of renovating the helmet.
The front surface 68 of the crown comb 160 is also an ideal location for indicia or decals to be applied, so that helmets can be personalised, and simply by connecting the appropriate crown comb 160.
Equally, however, fire-fighters might use the helmet in this configuration when full protection from side impacts and from flame and heat is not required.
Finally, fire-fighters in many situations require maximum protection, not only from objects falling vertically and impacting the crown of the helmet, but also frequently from the side. When building structures and the like collapse, they frequently throw objects with a horizontal trajectory. Fire-fighters also require heat and flame protection to the back and sides of the skull and neck region above the collar of their overcoat protection. Accordingly, the present invention provides the extension 140.
To connect this to the helmet base 120, the crown comb 160 is first connected to the extension 140. This is achieved by sliding the pin 126 through the bores 44 of the rings 42 while the sleeve 62 of the crown comb 160 is disposed between them. Again, once the ball in the pin snaps into engagement with the hole 66 in the sleeve 62, the crown comb 160 is securely connected to the extension 140.
The next stage is for the catch elements 38 to be inserted in a slot or pocket 29 formed in the side of the shell 14 and opening downwardly in the front of the rim 20. Across the slot 29 there spans a catch lug 31 in the form of an axle for a bracket (not shown). The bracket would be provided for various accessories, useful to the rescue services, to be connected to the helmet. Such accessories include torches and cameras, although that is not an exhaustive list.
In order to pass the hook 39 of the catch element 38 over the axle 31, the slot 29 is wider than the width of the catch element 38. Thus, the catch element is first inserted in an engagement direction that is essentially perpendicular to the plane of the rims 20,34. Then, the extension 140 is moved transversely to that engagement direction (that is to say, rearwardly with respect to the helmet base 120). At the same time, the ends of the pin 127 extending from the rings 42 are snapped into the mouths of the cups 26. Also at this time, the tongues 40 snap into engagement with the corresponding grooves in the side and rear rims 20, 22 of the helmet base shell 14. Thus three connections are affected substantially simultaneously: the hook 39 engages the axle 31; the tongues 40 engage the grooves in the helmet rims 20,22; and the pin 126 snaps into the cups 26.
To complete the connection and prevent corresponding disconnection of the extension from the helmet base 120, the crown comb 160 is pivoted over the top of the helmet, in the same way as described above, until the latch 72 engages the slot 27. This prevents the pin 127 from moving forward to disengage from cups 26. Indeed, in Figure 1a, the pin 126 is illustrated in engagement with the cups 26, rings 42 and sleeves 62.
Also visible in Figure 1a are the tips of the barbs 72. It is a feature of the present invention that these can be released from the slot opening 28 from inside the front of the helmet using a gloved hand by pressing them together. Because a wearer's touch sensitivity is limited through gloves, the support 74 prevents the wearer from deflecting the barbs, when they are pinched together, by an amount that will cause yielding of the plastics material.
Turning to Figure 6, this shows a preferred form of helmet which has the following modifications with respect to that described above.
In the first place, a modified latch 70' is provided for the comb 160'. Here, the latch is a simple barbed tab 72' adapted to hook under the lip of slot-opening 27 in the base helmet 120'. Secondly, pin 126' is here a hollow tube provided with an integral tongue hinged in its side having a lateral projection 131 that snaps into engagement with aperture 66' when the pin is slid into the sleeve 62' of the comb 160'.
In Figure 6, helmet 120' is shown with an integral visor 200 which is pivoted in the helmet by any convenient means within the ambit of a person skilled in the art. Therefore, the visor is not described further, save to say that, in this case, it is provided with three arcuate rails (not visible in the drawings), two on either side and one in the middle at its top. The helmet base is likewise provided with three correspondingly positioned tracks (also not shown) through which the rails can slide to move the visor between the operative position shown in Figure 6 and a stowed position inside the helmet base 120'. Space is provided for this purpose between the shell of the helmet base and the seating for the users head retained inside the helmet.
A torch 202 is shown received in a torch bracket 204 connectable to the side of the helmet by being screwed into a thread formed in axle 31. Axle 31 is not visible in Figure 6 because a cover-blank 206 hides connection port 208, and the axle 31, for the bracket 204 when it is not employed.
Finally, extension 140' differs little from that described above except that catch elements 38' are here separate components from the extension and constructed from different material to provide extra strength and rigidity. They are pressed/snapped into slots 210 formed in the rim faces 34 and are provided with barbs to prevent their subsequent removal.
Although the extension provides protection from a number of attacks, including heat and flame, nevertheless, ventilation slots 212 are provided through which cooling air may be drawn.

Claims

A modular helmet system (10) comprising:
i) a helmet base (120) to protect from impacts the crown of a wearer's head and terminating basally in a rear rim (22) and side rims (20); and

ii) an extension (140) detachably connectable to said rims to protect from impacts, when fitted to the helmet base, the side and rear of a wearer's skull;
characterised in that:

iii) said extension is C-shaped and in that a crown comb (160) is detachably connectable centrally over- the crown of the helmet base and is arranged, when said extension is attached to the helmet base, to secure said extension in place on the helmet base.
A helmet system as claimed in claim 1, in which said helmet base is provided with ventilation windows (16).
A helmet system as claimed in claim 2, in which said windows are centrally located over the crown of the helmet base.
A helmet system as claimed in claim 3, in which said comb (160) covers and seals said ventilation windows (16).
A helmet system as claimed in any preceding claim, in which said comb is detachably connectable to the helmet base independently of the extension.
A helmet system as claimed in any preceding claim, in which said extension has two arms (30) and a body (32), at the end of each arm there being provided an upstanding catch element (38), said side rims (20) having a slot (29) to receive said catch elements when said base and extension are moved towards one another in an engagement direction.
A helmet system as claimed in claim 7, in which said catch elements (38) engage catch lugs (31) in said slots by movement transverse to said engagement direction after the catch elements are moved into said slots.
A helmet system as claimed in any preceding claim, in which said comb has a sleeve (62) at its base to receive a pin (126), and said helmet base (120) has a pair of open-sided cups (26) facing one another at the back of the helmet base, said open sides opening towards the front of the helmet base, whereby said comb is connected to said helmet base by inserting said pin in said sleeve, engaging the ends of the pin in said cups, and rotating the comb so as to lever it over the crown of the helmet base.
A helmet system as claimed in claim 8, in which said comb has a latch (70) on its front end remote from said sleeve and adapted to engage a corresponding element (27) on the front of the helmet base.
A helmet system as claimed in claim 9, in which said latch comprises a pair of transversely and outwardly facing barbs (72) on the end of resilient prongs.
A helmet system as claimed in claim 10, in which said corresponding element (27) comprises a slot-opening in the front wall of the helmet base, into which slot-opening said prongs can enter, said barbs snapping into engagement with the ends of said slot-opening.
A helmet system as claimed in claim 11, in which said prongs are engageable to release said comb from the helmet base from under and inside the front of the helmet base.
A helmet system as claimed in any of claims 8 to 12, in which said extension has a pair of coaxial rings (42) on its body, having an inner separation between them of an amount slightly greater than the length of said sleeve (62), and said cups (26) are separated from one another by an amount slightly greater than the outer separation of said rings,
whereby said extension (140) is connectable to said helmet base by:
engaging said comb with said extension by sliding said pin through said rings and sleeve when said rings are aligned with and surround the sleeve;

engaging said catch elements in said slots by movement of the extension towards the helmet base in said engagement direction and until said extension abuts said rims and said catch elements are aligned with said catch lugs; and

simultaneously engaging the ends of the pin in the mouths of said cups by movement of the extension in said direction transverse said engagement direction and by pivoting the comb around said pins to lever it over the crown of the helmet base, pull said pin into full engagement with the cups, and also pull the catch elements into engagement with the catch lugs, and whereby the pin is prevented from disengaging said cups, said sleeve and rings.
A helmet system as claimed in claim 13, in which engagement of said crown comb over the helmet base prevents the extension moving opposite said transverse direction to release said elements and lugs.
A helmet system as claimed in claim 6, or any of claims 7 to 14 when dependent on claim 6, in which said catch elements comprise hooks (39) and said lugs (31) comprise studs.
A helmet system as claimed in claim 15, in which the opening of the hooks is rearwardly directed with respect to the helmet base.
A helmet system as claimed in claim 15 or 16, in which said studs (31) are axles of accessory attachment brackets provided on the sides of the base helmet, which axles pass through apertures formed in the sides of said slots.
A helmet system as claimed in any preceding claim, in which said rims, and the extension where it meets said rims, are provided with corresponding and engaging tongues (40) and notches.
A helmet system as claimed in claim 18, when dependent on claim 7, in which said tongues and notches are only in the region of said rims and meeting extension where said tongues and notches extend substantially parallel said transverse direction.