EP1485554A1 - Stützfuss - Google Patents
StützfussInfo
- Publication number
- EP1485554A1 EP1485554A1 EP03706657A EP03706657A EP1485554A1 EP 1485554 A1 EP1485554 A1 EP 1485554A1 EP 03706657 A EP03706657 A EP 03706657A EP 03706657 A EP03706657 A EP 03706657A EP 1485554 A1 EP1485554 A1 EP 1485554A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- top plate
- footing
- spot
- column
- hole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/22—Sockets or holders for poles or posts
- E04H12/2253—Mounting poles or posts to the holder
- E04H12/2261—Mounting poles or posts to the holder on a flat base
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
- E04B1/21—Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B1/215—Connections specially adapted therefor comprising metallic plates or parts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a spot footing needed for joining a precast con- crete column and a timber column to a foundation or for extending such a column, as defined in the preamble of claim 1.
- Precast concrete columns are extended to each other and joined to the foundation by a currently known technique in such manner that, at the element factory, a spot footing is placed at the lower end of the precast column, the anchorages of the spot footing being cast in the column.
- the foundation or the upper end of the column to be extended is provided with a threaded bar whose upper end is fastened in a hole in the spot footing.
- the joint can also be made the other way round so that a spot footing is mounted in the upper surface of the foundation and a threaded bar is fixed to the column.
- This alternative method is employed when timber columns are used, when the concrete column has a small cross- section, when the reinforcement has been implemented by using prestressing cables, or when it is to be feared that earthwork may damage the threads of the bolt.
- the function of the joint structure in a finished structure is based on the principle that the compressive forces are transmitted by the concrete fills made on site while the tensile forces are transmitted by the threaded bars fixed with nuts to the spot footings. During the mounting of the elements, before the concrete filling, compressive force are also transmitted via the nut casing structure of the spot footing.
- the reinforcement of the concrete column consists of ribbed bars or prestressing cables, the number of which placed in the cross-section is such that the loads can be safely transmitted from the upper end of the column structure down to the foundation. Loads are imposed on the columns from the roof structure, the intermediate floors and the wall structures. The greatest stress is thus imposed on the lower end of the column. In long columns rein- forced by ribbed bars, the bar size and/or the number of bars increases according to the required load. Depending on the load and the manner of construction of the reinforcing cage, one or more reinforcing bars or tension cables are used at the corners of the column. In the case of large concrete cross-sections, reinforcing units are placed on the sides as well.
- the general functioning principle of the spot footing in respect of material strength is that the tensional force of 500-1500 kN coming from the foundation anchor bolt is fixed to the footing base plate by means of bolt nuts, from which the force is transmitted sideways to a distance of 50-100 mm along the footing structures and then the force is again returned in the upper part of the footing back to the column's main reinforcements aligned with the anchor bolt. Transmitting this great force laterally and returning it back in the footing area causes very high internal stresses on the footing structures.
- the lightest spot footing structure would be obtained by adapting the spot footing in each application to the amount of main reinforcement and the disposition of the reinforcements. In this case it would not be possible to utilize industrial serial production to reduce the manufacturing costs.
- Specification EP-A2- 0900898 discloses a rigid cylindrical nut casing structure and an anchor bar centric in relation to the bolt hole, requiring no separate main reinforcement of the column.
- the solution in question has the drawbacks that, in long columns the amount of reinforcement can not be reduced in the parts closer to the upper end of the column, the transportation of long bars needed in columns extending through several floors is difficult, and the solution can not be used when the columns are produced by prestressing.
- a spot footing comprising a base plate, a protective casing formed from thin sheet, main anchor bars and balanc- ing anchorages and, to achieve a lighter spot footing structure, a rigid angle iron structure secured to the base plate so that the planes of its legs are perpendicular to the base plate.
- the angle iron structure has been fitted to direct the balancing forces transversely relative to the forces generated by the bolt fitted in the bolt hole and the main anchor bars so that the balancing forces will not increase the required capacity of the main anchor bars.
- the main anchor bars can be secured to the inner or outer surface of the angle iron structure or to a separate rigid plate transverse to the angle iron structure, which plate may be similar to the base plate and which can be welded to the upper edge of the an- gle iron structure so that it extends above the protective casing.
- the function of the spot footing is based on the base plate and the angle iron welded on it, to which the anchor bars are welded.
- the molding boxes in the top and in the side of the angle iron have no function in respect of material strength.
- the footing comprises balancing parts.
- a drawback with the spot footing according to specification DE-A1-195 14 685 is that the center of gravity of the angle iron lies far from the bolt hole, and the center of gravity of the anchor bars, being welded to the angle iron, is also far from the bolt hole.
- the internal eccentricity forces in the footing grow large and separate balancing parts are needed.
- the top plate has no function in respect of material strength, it is only a concrete casting shield.
- the prior-art solution used in the above-mentioned specification EP-A2-0900898 is partly made use of as regards the compact casing structure.
- the structure of the spot footing of the invention allows serial production that is more comprehensively economical in view of the p rocessing costs a nd column reinforcement costs when l ong columns extending through several floors are to be manufactured or when a column structure is to be prestressed.
- the present invention is based on a solution where two or more anchor bars are secured to the top of the spot footing, the bars being so disposed that the main reinforcement of the column can be placed as close to the center line formed by the bolt as possible. In the reinforcing cage, the main reinforcement is thus at the corner of the hook.
- the number of anchor bars can be more easily adapted so that it corresponds to the bolt force.
- the hole in the base plate can be made elliptical, thus allowing the spot footing to be used with different protective concrete lay- ers on the bolts. T herefore, production can b e implemented in longer series, more efficient production can be achieved and the storability can be improved.
- the bolt hole is always made larger than the bolt diameter. By using an elliptical hole, the mounting tolerance is increased.
- the slight eccentricity between the anchor bars and the bolt is dealt with simply by adding one or more anchor bars to the back wall of the casing. As a result, the anchor bars on the top and behind the casing form a force couple balancing the e ccentricity.
- the part of the top of the nut casing in the area of the opening of the casing is made from thin sheet, which is so shaped that it centers the part into alignment with itself and seals the structure so that no concrete can flow into the casing.
- the concrete constitutes a fire shield for the thick structural casing top part, so the spot footing need not be entirely embedded in the floor concrete.
- the casing is so shaped that, in respect of material strength, its center of gravity is located at the center of the bolt hole.
- the anchor bars are secured to the top plate, which, in respect of material strength, functions as a force-transmitting part and simultaneously as a casting shield.
- the center of gravity is as close to the center of the bolt hole and also to the main bar of the column corner as possible, which is why an anchor bar is needed to eliminate this slight eccentricity.
- the internal eccen- tricity forces in the footing are minimized by a casing design and disposition of anchor bars correct in respect of material strength and by securing the anchor bars to the casing top instead of to the wall.
- Fig. 1 presents a spot footing according to the invention in side view
- Fig. 2 presents the spot footing of the invention in top view
- Fig. 3 presents an embodiment of the spot footing of the invention in top view
- Fig. 4 presents the spot footing of the invention in side view as seen from the direction of the opening of the casing
- Fig. 5 presents the spot footing of the invention in top view and sectioned through the casing.
- Fig. 1 - 5 present a spot footing according to the invention, comprising a rigid nut casing having a base plate 3, a top plate 2' and a wall part 4, all made of sufficiently thick iron plate, so that the loads are transmitted via anchor bars and the top, wall part and bottom of the nut casing to the foundation.
- Parts 1 shown in Fig. 1 and 4 are anchor bars of the footing, which are secured to the top plate 2 of the footing casing either by welding or by means of screw threads. Part 1 anchors the spot footing to the reinforced concrete structure.
- An embodiment of the invention comprises two or more anchor bars 1 specifically so disposed that the anchor bars are positioned around the hole 9 made in the footing top plate 2 for the main reinforcement as illustrated in Fig. 3.
- the hole 9 corresponds to the center of the hole 7 of the base plate 3, where the main reinforcement bars or prestressing bars of the column are located, so the main reinforcement of the concrete column can be connected onto the top plate 2 at a point corresponding to the bolt hole 7 of the base plate 3.
- This embodiment is used in prestressed columns, in which the tendons have to be drawn through the structure from end to end of the mold.
- the footing base plate 3 corresponds in shape to the cross-sectional area of the casing structure. In the area of the opening 5 of the casing, the base plate 3 is so shaped that it corresponds to the cross-section of the concrete.
- the footing shown in the figure is thus used at the corner of a column of beveled rectangular cross- thus used at the corner of a column of beveled rectangular cross-section.
- the base plate has a round edge, and when the spot footing is placed on the side of a rectangular column, it is straight.
- a hole 7 is provided for the foundation anchor bolt of the lower floor.
- the bolt hole 7 has an elliptical form, allowing the same spot footing to be used in different bolt applications.
- the bolt is positioned either in the inner part of the hole 7 or at its outer edge.
- Part 4 forms the side wall of the protective nut casing, and it has a cylindrical structure or a polygonal structure bent into a cylindrical shape, provided with an opening 5 on one side of it to allow the nut to be mounted.
- the edges 6 of the opening 5 of the protective casing 4 are bent to match the base plate 3 of the casing.
- the shaping of the edges 6 and opening area of the base plate 3 guides the footing against the edges of the column mold.
- the top plate 2 consists of two parts, a structural thicker part 2', to which the anchor bars are secured, and a formed part 2" manufactured of thin plate, applied against the column mold. In the cast structure, only the thin formed part 2" transfers heat to the structural part 2' in a fire situation. It is thus not necessary to cast the top part 2 of the casing inside the floor structure to provide protection against fire.
- the various parts of the casing structure are assembled by welding.
- a vertical anchor bar 8 which is placed on an axis of symmetry and which, together with anchor bars 1 , forms a force couple balancing the eccentricity, and horizon- tal tie bars 10 on either side of the axis of symmetry.
- spot footing Practical applications of the spot footing include precast concrete columns and foundation columns. From the precast concrete column, only the threaded bars protrude, and these are mounted inside the spot footing.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI20020422 | 2002-03-05 | ||
FI20020422A FI20020422A (fi) | 2002-03-05 | 2002-03-05 | Pilarikenkä |
PCT/FI2003/000159 WO2003074821A1 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2003-03-04 | Spot footing |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1485554A1 true EP1485554A1 (de) | 2004-12-15 |
Family
ID=8563427
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03706657A Withdrawn EP1485554A1 (de) | 2002-03-05 | 2003-03-04 | Stützfuss |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20050115179A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1485554A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1277035C (de) |
AU (1) | AU2003208370A1 (de) |
FI (1) | FI20020422A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003074821A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI118186B (fi) * | 2005-12-27 | 2007-08-15 | Peikko Finland Oy | Pilarikenkä |
FI20126323L (fi) | 2012-12-18 | 2014-06-19 | Peikko Group Oy | Pilarikenkä |
ES2784948B2 (es) * | 2019-03-26 | 2021-11-24 | Zambelli Sergio | Anclaje para soporte de hormigon prefabricado. |
KR20220033049A (ko) * | 2019-07-12 | 2022-03-15 | 페이코 그룹 오와이 | 철근콘크리트 기둥을 베이스에 체결하기 위한 기둥 슈 |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1805731A (en) * | 1929-07-23 | 1931-05-19 | Louis I Beckwith | Upright construction |
US1939530A (en) * | 1930-06-23 | 1933-12-12 | Gabriel Steel Company | Trolley pole base construction |
US3369331A (en) * | 1964-02-17 | 1968-02-20 | City Of New York | Utility standards |
US3323765A (en) * | 1965-07-06 | 1967-06-06 | Harsco Corp | Support for lighting standards |
US3400905A (en) * | 1966-10-05 | 1968-09-10 | Mc Graw Edison Co | Support pole assembly for electrical apparatus |
US3552073A (en) * | 1968-10-17 | 1971-01-05 | Paul A Millerbernd | Breakaway lighting standard |
US3713259A (en) * | 1971-04-16 | 1973-01-30 | G Tkach | Combination anchor and support utilized to secure a mobile home to an underlying foundation |
US4295308A (en) * | 1979-10-26 | 1981-10-20 | K S L Corporation | Pole base assembly, bolt circle adaptor |
FI941936A (fi) * | 1994-04-26 | 1995-10-27 | Teraespeikko Oy | Pilarikenkä |
FI95164C (fi) * | 1994-06-14 | 1996-11-26 | Aulis Maekinen | Pilarikenkä |
US5572838A (en) * | 1995-06-28 | 1996-11-12 | Dayton Superior Corporation | Strongback attachment system |
US6015138A (en) * | 1996-12-12 | 2000-01-18 | Kohlberger; Walter | Newel post anchoring device |
FI104747B (fi) * | 1997-09-08 | 2000-03-31 | Tartuntamarkkinointi Oy | Pilarikenkä |
DE19817832A1 (de) * | 1998-04-22 | 1999-10-28 | Peikko Gmbh | Stützenschuh zur Befestigung eines Betonpfahles auf einer Unterlage |
DE20002501U1 (de) * | 1999-06-04 | 2000-12-07 | Pfeifer Holding GmbH & Co. KG, 87700 Memmingen | Fertigteilstütze |
-
2002
- 2002-03-05 FI FI20020422A patent/FI20020422A/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2003
- 2003-03-04 WO PCT/FI2003/000159 patent/WO2003074821A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-03-04 CN CN03805244.XA patent/CN1277035C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-03-04 AU AU2003208370A patent/AU2003208370A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-03-04 EP EP03706657A patent/EP1485554A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-03-04 US US10/506,566 patent/US20050115179A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2010
- 2010-03-12 US US12/659,576 patent/US20100170166A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO03074821A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1277035C (zh) | 2006-09-27 |
CN1639435A (zh) | 2005-07-13 |
US20050115179A1 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
FI20020422A (fi) | 2003-09-06 |
AU2003208370A1 (en) | 2003-09-16 |
FI20020422A0 (fi) | 2002-03-05 |
WO2003074821A1 (en) | 2003-09-12 |
US20100170166A1 (en) | 2010-07-08 |
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Legal Events
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Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20040914 |
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AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
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AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO |
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17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20100714 |
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Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20101125 |