EP1476303A1 - Verfahren und einrichtung zum drucken, wobei zum strukturieren gesteuerte strahlungsventile verwendet werden - Google Patents
Verfahren und einrichtung zum drucken, wobei zum strukturieren gesteuerte strahlungsventile verwendet werdenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1476303A1 EP1476303A1 EP03706512A EP03706512A EP1476303A1 EP 1476303 A1 EP1476303 A1 EP 1476303A1 EP 03706512 A EP03706512 A EP 03706512A EP 03706512 A EP03706512 A EP 03706512A EP 1476303 A1 EP1476303 A1 EP 1476303A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- radiation
- ink
- carrier
- plzt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/435—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of radiation to a printing material or impression-transfer material
- B41J2/447—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of radiation to a printing material or impression-transfer material using arrays of radiation sources
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
- B41C1/00—Forme preparation
- B41C1/10—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme
- B41C1/1075—Mechanical aspects of on-press plate preparation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for generating a print image on a substrate, in which ink-attracting areas and ink-repellent areas are produced in a structuring process according to the structure of the print image to be printed on the surface of a print substrate. Color is then applied to the surface, which adheres to the ink-attracting areas and which is not accepted by the ink-repellent areas. The applied color is then transferred to the carrier material.
- a method which is called the direct imaging method, in which a printing template is created in the printing device on a multilayer, silicone-coated film by selectively burning away the silicone cover layer.
- the silicone-free areas are the ink-attracting areas that accept printing ink during the printing process. A new film is required for each new print image.
- multilayer processless thermal printing plates can be used as the printing medium, cf. e.g. WO00 / 16,988th
- a hydrophobic layer on the surface of the print carrier is removed by partial burning away and a hydrophilic layer is exposed.
- the hydrophilic layer can be wetted with an ink-repellent dampening solution.
- the hydrophobic areas are ink-accepting and can change during the printing process
- a printing method is known in which a fountain solution is applied to the surface of the printing format.
- the dampening solution is evaporated by selective application of radiation energy in image areas.
- the water-free areas later form the ink-bearing areas, which are guided past a development unit and are colored by means of a color steam. Energy-intensive partial evaporation processes are required to generate the structured dampening solution film.
- DE-A-10132204 (not previously published) by the same applicant describes a CTP method (computer-to-press method), it being possible for multiple structuring processes to be carried out on the same surface of the print carrier.
- the surface of a print carrier is coated with an ink-repellent or ink-attracting layer.
- ink-attracting areas and ink-repellent areas are created in accordance with the structure of the printed image to be printed.
- the color-attracting areas are then colored with color.
- the surface of the print carrier is cleaned and coated again with an ink-repellent or ink-attracting layer.
- a dampening solution layer or an ice layer is used as the layer.
- a method and a printing device for printing on a carrier material and for cleaning a printing roller are known.
- the print carrier contains a large number of depressions in which ink can be received. This color in the depressions is subjected to thermal energy in a structuring process, as a result of which color-printing regions and regions which do not give off any color are produced. With the help of a complex cleaning station, the upper the surface of the print carrier completely cleaned before re-structuring.
- EP 0 746 470 B1 describe digital printing processes in which thermal energy is used to structure the surface of a print carrier. Different print images can be created on the same surface and then reprinted.
- the radiation from a commercially available radiation source is used for structuring. their Radiation is passed per pixel via a control element operating as a radiation valve.
- a control element operating as a radiation valve.
- a printing device is specified by means of which the method can be implemented.
- Advantageous exemplary embodiments are specified in the dependent claims relating to the method and to the printing device.
- ink-repellent or ink-absorbing layer often occurs in the further description. This layer is adapted to the color to be applied.
- the dampening solution layer is ink-repellent.
- this dampening solution layer is ink-absorbing. In practice, predominantly oil-based inks are used, so that a water-containing dampening solution layer is ink-repellent.
- FIG. 1 shows a basic illustration of a printing device in which a surfactant layer is applied
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a cross section through the print carrier before and after structuring by a laser beam
- FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment in which a hydrophilized layer is structured
- FIG. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment in which an applied hydrophilic layer is structured
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross section through the print carrier before and after the structuring of the hydrophilic layer
- FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the hydrophilization takes place by means of a corona discharge
- FIG. 7 shows a cross section through an insulated electrode
- FIG. 8 shows an arrangement with a plastic print carrier
- FIG. 9 shows an example of an indirect corona discharge
- FIG. 10 shows a printing device with regulation of the dampening solution layer thickness
- FIG. 11 shows the basic structure of a PLZT element used for the structuring, which acts as a radiation valve
- FIG. 12 shows a side view of a structuring arrangement with a PLZT array
- FIG. 13 shows the structuring arrangement according to FIG. 12 in a top view
- FIG. 14 shows a schematic diagram for a micromirror element (DMD element),
- FIG. 15 a structuring device with a DMD array
- Figure 17 shows another printing device in which the structuring device
- Textured dampening solution film or an ice layer Textured dampening solution film or an ice layer.
- a print carrier 10 in the present case an endless belt, is passed through a pretreatment device 12, which contains a scoop roller 14 and an application roller 16.
- the scoop roller 14 is immersed in a liquid contained in a container 13, which contains a wetting-promoting substance.
- This substance which contains surfactant, is applied in a molecular layer thickness to the surface of the print carrier 10 via the application roller 16.
- the layer thickness is typically less than 0.1 ⁇ m.
- the surface of the print carrier 10 is then guided in the direction of the arrow P1 to a dampening unit 18 which, via a scoop roller 20 and an application roller 22, applies an ink-repellent or ink-absorbing fountain solution, for example water, from a fountain solution reservoir 24 to the surface of the print carrier 10.
- dampening solutions other than water can also be used the.
- the dampening solution layer can also be applied by other methods, for example by steaming or spraying.
- the pressure-active surface of the print carrier 10 is completely provided with this dampening solution layer.
- the dampening solution layer typically has a layer thickness of less than 1 ⁇ m.
- the generally ink-repellent dampening solution layer is then structured by an image forming device 26.
- laser radiation 28 is used for this.
- ink-attracting areas and ink-repellent areas are created in accordance with the structure of the printed image to be printed.
- the structured dampening solution layer then arrives at an inking unit 30, which uses the rollers 32, 34, 36 to transfer ink from a storage container 38 onto the surface of the print carrier 10.
- the oil-based ink adheres to areas without water-based dampening solution. It is pointed out that the ink can also be transferred to the surface of the print carrier 10 by spraying, knife coating or condensing.
- a carrier material 40 generally a paper web.
- the carrier material 40 is passed between two rollers 42, 44.
- a blanket cylinder (not shown) and further intermediate cylinders can be connected between the roller 42 and the printing medium 10, which cause a color split, as is known per se from the field of offset printing processes.
- the cleaning station 46 contains a brush 48 and a wiper lip 50, which with the surface of the print carrier 10 are brought into contact. Cleaning can also be supported by using ultrasound, high-pressure liquid and / or steam. Cleaning can also be carried out using cleaning fluids and / or solvents.
- a new application of the wetting-promoting substance e.g. a surfactant application, a dampening solution application and a new structuring take place.
- a new print image can be printed each time the print carrier 10 rotates.
- the cleaning device 46, the device 12 and the device 26 are then switched to inactive.
- the print image which is still present in color residues is then inked again and re-printed by the inking unit 30. In this operating mode, a large number of identical print images can be printed.
- Figure 2 shows schematically a cross section through the
- the wetting is promoted by the application of a wetting-promoting substance to the print carrier surface 10. This happens within the printing cycle before the ink repellent fountain solution is applied. Owing to its physical and chemical properties, the wetting-requiring substance can be applied to the surface as an extremely thin layer of a few molecular layers, preferably less than 0.1 ⁇ m. This layer is sufficient to promote wetting with the ink-repellent dampening solution on its free surface, so that it can also be applied as a very thin layer 54, preferably less than 1 ⁇ m.
- the further printing process is not affected by the small amount of the wetting-promoting substance, in this case a surfactant layer 52. Untitled. It can be easily removed by the cleaning process integrated in the print cycle.
- the wetting-promoting layer 52 makes it possible to dispense with the otherwise roughened, porous printing plate surface. Instead, a smooth surface of the print carrier 10 is possible, which can be cleaned with significantly less effort. A fast and stable cleaning process is essential for such a digital flat printing process or offset printing process and is a decisive factor for its effectiveness. Accordingly, the surface of the print carrier 10 has a roughness that is smaller than the roughness used in the standard offset printing method.
- the average roughness depth R z is typically less than 10 ⁇ m, preferably less than 5 ⁇ m. Expressed as the center roughness value R a , the roughness value is in the range less than 2 ⁇ m, preferably less than 1 ⁇ m.
- a change in the molecular or atomic structure of the material of the print carrier and a permanent wetting-promoting layer firmly anchored to the surface of the print carrier is not necessary.
- the additionally applied wetting-promoting substance proposed here for example the surfactant layer 52, develops its wetting-promoting effect even in the smallest amounts. Accordingly, their influence on the properties of the print carrier 10 is negligible in many ways. Another advantage results from the fact that it is now possible to dispense with the wetting-promoting additives that are usually present in offset printing in dampening solutions.
- the fountain solution layer 54 and the surfactant layer 52 are matched by the laser beam 28. removed according to the required image structure. These areas are then colored with ink by the inking unit 30. Cleaning is made easier due to the very smooth surface of the print carrier 10, with the surfactant layer 52 being completely removed again. Furthermore, the wear on the surface of the print carrier 10 is reduced.
- FIG. 3 in contrast to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, a hydrophilic layer with a molecular layer thickness is structured before the ink-repellent or ink-attracting layer is applied to the usable surface of the print carrier.
- a steam device 60 is used, which acts on the surface of the pressure carrier 10 with hot steam.
- the print carrier 10 is provided with an SiO 2 coating on its surface. After steam treatment, the
- Printing medium 10 dried by a suction device 62.
- the hot water vapor creates a hydrophilic molecular structure on the outer surface, e.g. SiOH.
- hydrophilic areas and hydrophobic areas are created in accordance with the structure of the printed image to be printed.
- the downstream dampening unit 18 the entire usable surface of the printing medium 10 is brought into contact with a dampening solution layer, the dampening solution accumulating only on the hydrophilic areas, so that ink-attracting areas and ink-repellent areas are formed in accordance with the structuring carried out.
- the inking unit 30 then applies the ink, the oil-containing ink being deposited in areas without water Dampening solution accumulates.
- the printed image is then reprinted onto the carrier material 40.
- the hydrophilic layer is structured on the surface of the print carrier 10 in accordance with the print image.
- the hydrophilic layer is extremely thin and is only a few nanometers, typically less than 4 nm. It can therefore be structured with very little energy expenditure during a printing cycle, the hydrophilic molecular layer disappearing.
- the dampening solution is then applied, which creates a moisture film only on the non-hydrophilic areas. Inking and transfer printing takes place according to the known principles of planographic printing or offset printing described.
- the hydrophilic layer can also be removed, but does not necessarily have to be removed, the printing cycle can begin again.
- the hydrophilic layer is regenerated or reapplied and then the hydrophilic layer is structured according to the new image data.
- the hydrophilic layer is generated by activating the surface of the print carrier and by a suitable change in the outer molecular surface structure. For example, this can be made possible by using chemical activators, reactive gases and / or a suitable energy supply.
- a hydrophilic SiOH structure can also be caused by the action of hot water and by bases, such as NaOH be formed on the surface.
- the print carrier must be provided with an Si02 coating. It is also possible for the print medium to pass through an activator bath in order to produce a hydrophilization of the surface. It is also possible to apply an activator via a nozzle system. Another possibility is to generate the hydrophilic layer by flaming the surface of the print carrier 10. Here too, wetting-promoting surface structures are created in a molecular layer thickness.
- An advantageous arrangement is the combination of hydrophilization with cleaning.
- Both the cleaning and the hydrophilizing effect of a hot water jet or a hot water vapor jet can be used.
- the cleaning and the creation of the hydrophilic layer are then carried out in a single process step.
- a wetting-promoting substance is applied to the surface of the print carrier in order to produce the hydrophilic layer.
- the pretreatment device 12 described in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 can be used.
- the scoop roller 14 and the applicator roll 16 may be a liquid to be coated from 'container 13 which contains a wetting-promoting substance, for example a surfactant, are applied in a molecular layer thickness.
- the layer thickness is typically less than 0.1 ⁇ m. Alcohols can also be considered as a further wetting-promoting substance.
- the application can also be carried out by knife coating, spraying on and vapor deposition.
- a new structuring can take place per revolution of the print carrier 10, as a result of which a new print image is printed per revolution.
- the devices for the restructuring are then switched to inactive.
- FIG. 5 shows a cross section through the print carrier 10 before and after the structuring by the laser beam 28 for the example according to FIG. 4.
- the surface of the print carrier 10 is very smooth, as is the case with the previous examples.
- the thin surfactant layer 52 is structured by the laser beam 28, i.e. hydrophilic areas 68 and hydrophobic areas 64 are generated.
- the dampening unit 18 applies a thin, water-containing moist film only to the hydrophilic areas.
- the areas 64 are then colored by the inking unit 30 with an oil-containing ink which is repelled by the dampening solution 54 in the area of the hydrophilic areas 68.
- the surface energy of the printing medium 10 must be at least as high as the surface tension of the dampening solution film. This is indicates that the value of the contact angle between the surface of the printing medium 10 and the dampening solution must have a value below 90 °. In practice it is necessary that a contact angle of ⁇ 25 ° must be achieved in order to achieve the required liquid film with a
- a corona treatment of the surface of the print carrier 10 is carried out for hydrophilization.
- a high voltage generator 70 generates an alternating voltage in the range from 10 to 30 kV, preferably in the range from 15 to 20 kV, at a frequency from 10 to 40 kHz, preferably in the range from 15 to 25 kHz.
- An output terminal of the high voltage generator 70 is connected to an insulated electrode 72.
- the other output connection is placed on a sliding contact 74 which is connected to the pressure carrier 10.
- the relatively high voltage on the electrode 72 leads to the ionization of the air.
- a corona discharge arises, the surface of the print carrier 10 being bombarded with free ions.
- the corona treatment changes the physical surface properties of the support beforehand, but not its mechanical properties. There are no visible changes, for example with a scanning electron microscope.
- the hydrophilization can be improved by adding process gases, preferably oxygen or nitrogen.
- a dampening solution is applied to the hydrophilized surface of the print carrier 10 in the dampening unit 18; Structuring is then carried out with the aid of laser radiation 28.
- the structured dampening solution layer is inked by the inking unit 30 and the ink is later printed onto the carrier material 40.
- the cleaning station 46 color away. Since the surface of the print carrier 10 is also very smooth, as in the previous examples, the cleaning process is simple and can be implemented with high effectiveness.
- the cyclical printing process can then start again. Alternatively, a restructuring can also be omitted and the previous print image is inked and reprinted.
- FIG. 7 shows the insulated electrode 72.
- a metallic core 76 is surrounded by a ceramic jacket 78. With such a structure, electrical flashovers are prevented. This is particularly advantageous if metal is used as the printing medium 10.
- the insulation can also be created by a plastic jacket.
- Figure 8 shows the structure of a printing medium 10 made of plastic.
- An electrode plate 80 is arranged on the side of the print carrier 10 which lies opposite the electrode 72.
- the electrode 72 can be designed without insulation.
- FIG. 9 shows a hydrophilization process with an indirect corona treatment.
- the output connections of the high-voltage generator 70 are connected to two electrodes 82, 84, which are arranged above the pressure carrier 10.
- the electrical discharges generated by the high voltage between the two electrodes 82, 84 generate ions which are directed to the surface of the pressure carrier 10 by an air stream or process gas stream and which develop the wetting-promoting effect here.
- a blower 86 is used to generate the flow.
- a low-pressure plasma treatment can also be used, which increases the surface energy on the surface of the pressure carrier 10.
- a high-voltage discharge is generated under vacuum conditions, for example in the range from 0.3 to 20 mbar, by means of which Zeßgas ionized and placed in the plasma state .. This plasma comes into contact with the surface of the printing medium 10. The effect of the plasma can be compared with the effect of the corona treatment.
- the layer thickness is typically in the range of 1 ⁇ m.
- the described hydrophilization process also makes it possible to dispense with the wetting-promoting additives used in offset printing for fountain solutions. A further application of additional wetting-promoting substances is no longer necessary. This avoids a relatively complicated process control and reduces the additional expenditure on consumables. Another advantage is the cleaning effect of the hydrophilization process. It supports what is necessary for the digital printing process Cleaning process and thus further reduces the required hardware.
- Figure 10 shows another embodiment.
- the constant and precisely defined thickness of the dampening solution layer plays on the surface of the printing medium play a crucial role in the stability and efficiency of the printing process.
- a printing device is described which allows and monitors a defined, controllable and controllable very thin application of the dampening solution.
- a dampening unit consisting of a number of rotating rollers is generally used to apply the dampening solution. Together with a roughened or porous printing plate with good water content, a water film is obtained which is sufficiently stable for standard offset printing.
- the amount of dampening solution and the thickness of the dampening solution layer can be e.g. via the delivery of certain rollers to each other or adjust the speed of the scoop roller.
- the storage effect of the dampening system and also that of the pressure plate leads to a strongly delayed reaction to adjustment measures.
- the roughened, strongly water-storing pressure plates are absolutely necessary. It is also known from the prior art to produce a very thin film of water by cooling the printing plate and the consequent condensation of the atmospheric moisture on the printing plate.
- the thickness of the water film is strongly dependent on the ambient conditions, such as air humidity and temperature, and can hardly be kept constant over a long period.
- the printing device shown in FIG. 10 allows different printing images to be generated on the same surface of the cylindrical printing medium 10.
- the printing device contains the inking unit 30, with a plurality of rollers, through which the oil-containing ink is transferred from the reservoir 38 to the surface of the printing medium 10.
- the colored surface of the printing medium 10 transfers the ink to a blanket cylinder 90. From there, the ink reaches the paper web 40, which is pressed against the blanket cylinder 90 by the impression cylinder 42.
- the dampening unit 18 transfers dampening solution, e.g. Water, from the fountain solution reservoir 24 onto the surface of the print carrier 10.
- dampening solution e.g. Water
- the surface of the print carrier 10 can be brought into a more hydrophilic state using wetting agents and / or surfactants or by a corona and / or plasma treatment. as has already been described above.
- the dampening solution layer is selectively removed by supplying energy by means of a laser beam 28 and the desired image structure is created.
- the inking 30 then takes place at the ink-attracting areas of the structuring. After structuring, the color can be solidified using a fixing device 92.
- Two operating modes are also possible in this example.
- a first operating mode a large number of printing processes take place before the surface is structured again.
- the print image located on the print carrier 10 is dyed and reprinted once per print, ie the printed image is colored several times.
- a second operating mode the surface of the printing medium is gers applied a new print image.
- the cleaning station 46 is provided. This cleaning station can be pivoted towards the print carrier 10 according to arrow P2 and pivoted away from it again. Further details of the construction of the printing device according to FIG. 10 are described in the aforementioned DE-A-101 32 204.
- an energy source 94 is arranged after the dampening unit 18, which emits thermal energy to the dampening solution film on the surface of the printing medium 10. This energy reduces the thickness of the dampening solution layer.
- the energy source is followed by a layer thickness measuring device 96.
- This layer thickness measuring device 96 determines the current thickness of the dampening solution film and emits an electrical signal corresponding to the thickness to a control 98.
- the controller 98 compares the measured actual thickness with a predetermined target thickness. With a target-actual
- the energy source 94 is controlled so that the thickness of the dampening solution layer is reduced to the desired target thickness.
- the layer thickness measuring device 96 can, for example, operate in a contactless manner using the triangulation method, the transmission method or the capacitive method.
- One or more IR lamps, radiant heaters, laser systems, laser diodes or heating elements can be considered as energy source 94.
- the interaction of the energy source 94, the film thickness measuring device 96 and the control 98 can be such that only a monitoring function is carried out. If the layer thickness exceeds or falls below a predetermined target value, a corresponding warning signal is emitted and then the energy supply for the Energy source 94 reset.
- the layer thickness measuring device 96 and the control 98 can also be combined to form a control circuit in which the energy source 94 is controlled in such a way that, in the event of a control deviation between the actual value and the target value of the layer thickness, this control deviation is minimized and preferably regulated to zero.
- the energy source 94 can be controlled by an analog voltage regulator or digitally by a controller
- Pulse modulation can be controlled, as is indicated by the signal sequence 100.
- a thickness-constant dampening solution film is produced in a first process step over the usable width of the print carrier 10, which is reduced in a defined second step in its layer thickness.
- the result is an even dampening solution layer with a defined and very small thickness.
- the subsequent structuring can thus be carried out with minimal energy and with a constant result. Overall, the print quality is thus increased.
- the advantages of the printing device shown are that an immediate reaction to a change in the layer thickness of the dampening solution layer can take place, that a known and defined thickness of the dampening solution layer can be set and that extremely thin dampening solution layers can be produced. Furthermore, the structuring energy required can be minimized, in particular for digital printing processes.
- both an endless belt and a cylinder can be used as the print carrier.
- the transfer printing onto the carrier material can take place directly or with the interposition of a blanket cylinder or further intermediate cylinders for one Ink splitting.
- the layer thickness control according to the example according to FIG. 10 can also be used for the other examples.
- the applied paint can be fixed using a fixing device.
- the cleaning station 46, the dampening unit 18 and the image forming device can be switched inactive and active, for example by pivoting.
- an image generation device was described for the structuring process, which was implemented, for example, by controlled radiation from a laser system, a laser, laser diodes, LEDs or a laser diode array.
- the laser beam is typically deflected via a rotating mirror parallel to the transverse axis of the band-shaped print carrier or parallel to the axis of rotation of the printing drum.
- the laser beam is modulated to produce the pixels, e.g. switched on and off.
- regions of a hydrophilic layer or a dampening solution must be removed for the structuring, which is typically done by evaporation or by forming a gas bubble.
- This requires a relatively large amount of thermal energy which, in the case of a laser, requires a complex, expensive laser unit.
- a possible adaptation of the wavelength of the laser system to the required optimal wavelength of the wet film to be irradiated or the surface of the print carrier further increases the costs.
- each one becomes commercially available Radiation source used.
- the energy flow of the radiation is controlled via control elements which direct the supplied radiation onto the surface of the print carrier depending on control signals, a control element being used for each pixel to be generated.
- FIG. 11 shows the use of a PLZT element (110) as a control element.
- a lamp 112 is used as the thermal energy source, the radiation of which is focused by a reflector 114.
- the radiation from a beam 116 is considered in more detail below.
- Radiation 116 has an E-vector evenly distributed across the radiation axis, i.e. it is unpolarized radiation.
- This radiation 116 is passed through a first polarization filter 118 which only allows one component of the E-vector to pass through, i.e. polarized radiation is now present.
- This polarized radiation is fed to the PLZT element 110.
- This PLZT element consists of transparent electro-optical material (English: olycrystalline lanthanum modified lead zirconate titanate), which is coated on both sides with transparent surface electrodes 119, 120.
- the polarization plane of the radiation is rotated using the Kerr effect, as shown schematically in FIG.
- a polarization filter 124 connected downstream of the PLZT element 110 only transmits the radiation rotated in the polarization plane by an active PLZT element 110, which radiation then strikes the surface of the hydrophilic layer, the dampening solution or the surface of the printing medium and develops its thermal effect there.
- the passage of the radiation 116 through the polarization filter 124 can thus be controlled by applying voltage pulses.
- relatively high radiation energies can be generated can be switched at a high switching frequency.
- the PLZT element 110 can be switched at relatively low voltages and makes no special demands on the ambient temperature.
- the Farraday effect can also be used for the PLZT element, however the high heat development that arises is disadvantageous.
- the light scattering effect is preferably used for controlling the radiation by a PIZT element.
- a parallel light beam is converted into a diverging light beam by applying a voltage to the PLZT element.
- a contrast coefficient of> 15: 1 can be achieved.
- a multiplicity of similar PLZT elements 110 are preferably combined to form a single-line or multi-cell PLZT array. In this way, pixels can be generated line by line on the surface of the print carrier by evaporation or radiation exposure.
- Imaging optics are arranged between the respective PLZT array and the surface of the print carrier and focus the radiation transmitted by the respective PLZT element onto the surface of the print carrier.
- a Selfoc element is preferably used as the imaging optics.
- US-A-4, 764, 776 which describes further examples of the arrangement of PLZT elements and the use of a Selfoc element. This document is hereby incorporated by reference into the disclosure content of the present patent application.
- FIGS. 12 and 13 show an application example with a one-line PLZT array 125.
- FIG. 12 shows the arrangement of a view in the line direction;
- Figure 13 shows a top view of the line.
- the radiation from a 500W halogen lamp 126 is focused by an illuminating lens 127 in the plane of the line and directed onto the PLZT array 125.
- the radiation emitted by the individual PLZT elements is focused on the surface of the print carrier 10 by a Selfoc element 128.
- FIG. 13 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 12 in plan view.
- the illumination optics 127 which bundle the radiation, also include a filter 129 for homogenizing the illumination of the PLZT elements arranged in a row with the array 125.
- a filter 129 for homogenizing the illumination of the PLZT elements arranged in a row with the array 125.
- Selfoc Element 1208 a pixel on the surface of the print carrier is assigned to each PLZT element.
- DMD elements are proposed as a further example of a control element for controlling the radiation to be supplied to the surface of the print carrier per pixel.
- a DMD element (digital micro mirror device) is a micromechanical component with a mirror, the normal of which can be pivoted about an axis of rotation by applying a voltage.
- Figure 14 shows the basic principle.
- the incident radiation 134 is fed to a converging lens 136 at an angular position + 10 °, which bundles the radiation.
- the incoming radiation 134 is fed via the converging lens 136 to a pixel 138 to be irradiated on the surface of the print carrier.
- the incident radiation 134 is emitted from the opening area of the mellinse 136 deflected out and is ineffective, as shown in dashed lines.
- a DMD array 140 receives radiation from a radiation source 142 with a reflector 144.
- the radiation source 142 can be point-shaped or rod-shaped.
- Each DMD element can be controlled separately by a voltage.
- An imaging optical system 146 is arranged between the DMD array 140 and the surface of the print carrier 10 and focuses the radiation reflected by the respective DMD element onto the surface of the print carrier 10.
- An already mentioned Selfoc element is preferably used as the imaging optics.
- the DMD array 140 is preferably arranged on a cooled carrier that is cooled by water or gas.
- a xenon lamp or a halogen lamp in a punctiform or rod-shaped arrangement can be considered as the radiation source.
- the wavelength of the radiation emitted by the radiation is matched to the dampening solution layer and / or to the material of the surface of the print carrier 10 and permits optimal use of energy.
- the respective radiation source can be controlled in a pulsed manner in order to reduce the heat dissipation power of the respective arrays.
- a DMD array with a width of, for example, 296 mm and mechanical switching sides ⁇ 15 ⁇ s, with a resolution of 600 dpi in the writing direction, ie in the vertical direction, printing speeds> 3 m / s can be achieved.
- FIG. 16 shows a printing device in which the described method and the device for structuring can also be used.
- a print carrier 10, also referred to as a forme cylinder, has a surface structure that is shown enlarged in the image detail 152.
- the surface structure contains cells 154 arranged in a grid-like manner, for example in a grid of 300 to approximately 2500 dpi (dots per inch), preferably 600 to 1200 dpi. Corresponding pixels can be printed using these cells.
- the well depth is 0.1 to 50 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to 20 ⁇ m.
- a dampening unit 156, an image-forming device 158, an inking unit 160 and an impression cylinder 162, also referred to as “impression roller”, are arranged around the circumference of the cylindrical printing medium 10.
- the carrier material 40 is carried out between the cylindrical printing medium 10 and the impression cylinder 162 passes through a drying station 166 for drying.
- a thin, homogeneous liquid layer is applied to the dampening unit 156, so that all the wells 154 fill with liquid, preferably water.
- the dampening solution is applied, for example, by rolling, but alternatively the application can also be carried out by spraying or vapor deposition.
- Excess dampening solution is preferably removed with a doctor blade (not shown) which is arranged downstream of the dampening unit 156.
- the dampening solution is selectively evaporated by the digital imaging device 158, whereby ink-attracting and ink-repelling areas are produced. In the ink-attracting areas, the liquid in the cells 154 is removed; the dampening solution is not removed in the ink-repellent areas.
- the image generation device 158 can be, for example, a digitally controlled device according to FIGS. 11 to 15.
- the inking unit 160 applies ink to the surface of the print carrier 10, which adheres to the surface of the print carrier 10 in the ink-attracting regions and does not adhere to the ink-repellent regions.
- the ink is generally oily. Excess ink is removed by a doctor blade (not shown) arranged downstream of the inking unit 160.
- the printing ink is then directly printed onto the carrier material 40.
- the * transfer to an elastic intermediate carrier, as described in the patent US-A-5,295,928, is omitted.
- the ink transfer is caused by adhesive forces.
- Water-based printing inks, as used in the known gravure printing process, are used in the Use of print media with a relatively large size
- the carrier material is then passed through a drying station 166, which dries the paint.
- a dampening solution containing water is preferably used.
- Wetting-promoting substances for example surfactants, can then be added to the dampening solution.
- silicone-repellent liquids can also be used to process silicone-containing printing inks.
- An electrostatic field can be applied in the area of the transfer printing location in order to support the emptying of the ink from the wells 154 in the surface of the printing medium 10.
- FIG. 17 schematically shows the structure of a device for printing, in which 10 different print images can be generated on the same surface of the print carrier.
- This device contains an inking unit 210 with four rollers 212, 214, 216, 217, by means of the ink from an ink reservoir 218 onto the surface of the printing medium. gers 10 is transmitted.
- the surface of the print medium. 10 is a cylindrical surface here.
- the color of the colored surface of the printing medium 10 is transferred to a blanket cylinder 222 in the further course, as will be described further below. From there the
- Ink on a paper web 224 which is pressed against the blanket cylinder 222 by an impression cylinder 226.
- the arrow Pl shown in FIG. 17 shows the direction of transport.
- a dampening unit 230 with its three rollers 232, 234, 236 transfers dampening solution, e.g. Water, from a dampening solution reservoir 238 onto the surface of the printing medium 10.
- dampening solution e.g. Water
- the surface of the print carrier 10 can be brought into a more hydrophilic state using wetting agents and / or surfactants or by means of a corona and / or plasma treatment.
- the dampening solution layer can be applied using rollers, as in the present case, or a steam or spray process can be used.
- the pressure-active surface of the print carrier 10 is completely provided with a dampening solution layer.
- the dampening solution layer is then selectively removed by supplying energy by means of an image generation system 240 and the desired image structure is created.
- the structuring is carried out with a beam 242, as indicated in FIG. 17.
- an ice layer can also be used.
- the print carrier contains a cooling system (not shown) for producing the ice layer.
- the surface of the pressure medium is cooled by the cooling system to a temperature below the freezing point of water. In the case of a normal environment with average humidity, the temperature of the surface of the print carrier is below 0 ° C.
- the water vapor contained in the ambient air condenses on the surface of the pressure medium as an ice layer due to condensation.
- an electrothermal cooling principle is used, for example by the
- Peltier elements applied. Another possibility is to apply a thin film of water with a thickness in the ⁇ m range. Cooling then creates an ice layer. A spray process can be used to apply the water film, or the application can be done using rollers. The print-active surface of the print carrier is completely covered with an ice layer. The ice layer is then selectively removed by applying energy using the laser system. The exposure is done by the laser beam. The water in the ice layer changes to the vapor state through exposure to the laser beam.
- the inking of the surface of the print carrier 10 according to FIG. 17 takes place with the aid of the rollers 212, 214, 216, 217 of the inking unit, which transfer ink from the ink reservoir 218.
- the ink adheres to areas without dampening solution or, in the alternative embodiment, to areas without an ice layer.
- the areas bearing a dampening solution or an ice layer are ink-repellent and do not absorb any color.
- the paint is applied here using a roller system.
- the ink can also be applied to the surface of the print carrier by spraying, knife coating or condensing.
- the color applied after structuring is included. help a fixing device 250 solidified. This is done by IR radiation, hot air, UV light or heat radiation.
- the fixed color is then colored one or more times with color from the inking unit 210.
- the ink applied to the print carrier 10 is transferred directly or indirectly to the blanket cylinder 222 and from there to the carrier material 224.
- the ink distributed on the print carrier 10 can alternatively also be transferred directly to the carrier material 224, in which case the blanket cylinder 222 is then omitted can.
- a large number of printing processes take place before the surface is structured again.
- the print image on the print medium is dyed and reprinted once per transfer, i.e. the printed image is colored several times.
- the temperature of this surface is kept below the solidification point with the aid of the cooling system.
- a cleaning station 260 is activated for this purpose. It contains a brush 262 and a wiper lip 264, which are brought into contact with the surface of the print carrier and remove the structured ink-repellent layer and the ink residues.
- the structured ink-repellent layer is removed using ultrasound, high-pressure liquid and / or steam.
- the surface of the print medium is cleaned using brushes, rags, rollers and / or doctor blades.
- Cleaning can be done in one or more cycles Auxiliaries such as cleaning fluids and / or solvents are used.
- To activate and deactivate the cleaning station 260 is pivoted in the direction of arrow P2 on the print carrier.
- the cooling system if present, may be inactive during cleaning.
- the surface of the print carrier is regenerated if necessary, preferably using wetting agents and / or surfactants. Corona or plasma treatment of the surface of the print carrier is also possible, so that it is brought into a hydrophilic state. It should also be mentioned that the surface of the print carrier contains coatings which have a low optical penetration depth, low reflection values and poor heat conduction.
- An intermediate cylinder 276 is arranged between the printing medium 10 and the blanket cylinder 222, which causes an additional ink splitting. As a result of this ink splitting, a larger amount of ink can be applied to the printing medium 10, as a result of which the printing form has improved stability and wear is reduced in the case of a large number of printing processes.
- a suitable surface of the intermediate cylinder 276 can further reduce the load on the printing form.
- soft and flexible surfaces are used for the intermediate cylinder 276, which ensure a uniform color splitting.
- a cleaning station 260 6 is arranged on the intermediate cylinder 276 and has the same structure as the cleaning station 260. With the help of the brush 262 and the wiper lip 264, which are brought into contact with the surface of the intermediate cylinder 276 by a pivoting movement in the direction of the arrow P2, paint residues are removed.
- the intermediate cylinder 276 is prepared for the ink transfer with a new image structure.
- the fixing unit 250 is effective for fixing the color.
- the fixing device 250 can be omitted in this exemplary embodiment, since the printing form of the printing medium 10 is very stable as a result of the color splitting carried out. If the fixing station 250 is left out, there is a reduced cleaning effort, since the unfixed and solidified paint and the associated substances can be removed much more easily. Furthermore, time is saved by eliminating the fixing process. This means that the time between two print jobs with different image structures can be reduced considerably. The wear of the printing form of the printing medium 10 is also reduced by the color splitting undertaken. Can continue cleaning stations shown 260 and 260 ⁇ be relatively simple because they only come with unfixed color in contact, which is much simpler than fixed color to clean.
- the structuring devices according to FIGS. 11 to 15 can advantageously be used for the printing device described in the aforementioned WO 01/02170 A by the same applicant. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
- blowers 90 blanket cylinders
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Printing Methods (AREA)
- Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Particle Formation And Scattering Control In Inkjet Printers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10206942A DE10206942A1 (de) | 2002-02-19 | 2002-02-19 | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Drucken, wobei zum Strukturieren gesteuerte Strahlungsventile verwendet werden |
| DE10206942 | 2002-02-19 | ||
| PCT/EP2003/001497 WO2003070462A1 (de) | 2002-02-19 | 2003-02-14 | Verfahren und einrichtung zum drucken, wobei zum strukturieren gesteuerte strahlungsventile verwendet werden |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1476303A1 true EP1476303A1 (de) | 2004-11-17 |
| EP1476303B1 EP1476303B1 (de) | 2008-10-15 |
Family
ID=27674748
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03706512A Expired - Lifetime EP1476303B1 (de) | 2002-02-19 | 2003-02-14 | Verfahren und einrichtung zum drucken, wobei zum strukturieren gesteuerte strahlungsventile verwendet werden |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US20050223927A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1476303B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE411164T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10206942A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2003070462A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10325559B3 (de) * | 2003-06-05 | 2004-12-09 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Systems mit einer an einer vorbestimmten Stelle einer Oberfläche eines Substrats aufgebrachten Komponente |
| US8733248B2 (en) | 2006-02-21 | 2014-05-27 | R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company | Method and apparatus for transferring a principal substance and printing system |
| US8869698B2 (en) * | 2007-02-21 | 2014-10-28 | R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company | Method and apparatus for transferring a principal substance |
| KR101316680B1 (ko) | 2006-02-21 | 2013-10-10 | 무어 월리스 노스 아메리카, 인코포레이티드 | 고속 변동인쇄용 시스템 및 방법 |
| US8967044B2 (en) | 2006-02-21 | 2015-03-03 | R.R. Donnelley & Sons, Inc. | Apparatus for applying gating agents to a substrate and image generation kit |
| US9463643B2 (en) | 2006-02-21 | 2016-10-11 | R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company | Apparatus and methods for controlling application of a substance to a substrate |
| US9701120B2 (en) | 2007-08-20 | 2017-07-11 | R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company | Compositions compatible with jet printing and methods therefor |
| MX2010001992A (es) | 2007-08-20 | 2010-08-31 | Moore Wallace North Am Inc | Aparato y metodos para controlar la aplicacion de una sustancia en un substrato. |
| CN104763935A (zh) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-07-08 | 东莞市闻誉实业有限公司 | 喷泉灯 |
| US11087191B2 (en) | 2018-03-07 | 2021-08-10 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Selective application of plasma treatment |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3767590A (en) * | 1971-06-21 | 1973-10-23 | Western Electric Co | Method of producing nondetergent aqueous wetting solutions |
| DE3766305D1 (de) * | 1986-07-11 | 1991-01-03 | Siemens Ag | Thermo-transfer-druckeinrichtung. |
| EP0401208B1 (de) * | 1988-02-26 | 1992-05-20 | Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum drucken durch einfärben eines latenten bildes |
| DE3821268A1 (de) * | 1988-06-23 | 1989-12-28 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und einrichtung zum herstellen einer druckform fuer offsetdruck |
| US5379698A (en) * | 1992-07-20 | 1995-01-10 | Presstek, Inc. | Lithographic printing members for use with laser-discharge imaging |
| US5712674A (en) * | 1994-05-02 | 1998-01-27 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Exposure device utilizing differently colored light emitting elements |
| US5816161A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1998-10-06 | Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag | Erasable printing plate having a smooth pore free metallic surface |
| EP0889782B1 (de) | 1996-03-29 | 2000-04-26 | Océ Printing Systems GmbH | Druckverfahren zum bedrucken eines trägermaterials |
| DE59801628D1 (de) | 1997-01-27 | 2001-11-08 | Oce Printing Systems Gmbh | Verfahren und einrichtung zum bedrucken eines trägermaterials unter verwendung einer strukturierten eisschicht |
| JPH10333107A (ja) * | 1997-05-30 | 1998-12-18 | Minolta Co Ltd | 固体走査型光書込み装置 |
| JP3713920B2 (ja) * | 1997-09-22 | 2005-11-09 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 感熱性平版印刷版材料及びその製造方法、並びに、画像形成方法 |
| KR100258803B1 (ko) * | 1997-11-28 | 2000-06-15 | 전주범 | 반도체 소자의 미세 패턴 형성방법 |
| JP2000098831A (ja) * | 1998-09-21 | 2000-04-07 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 印刷用版材の再生方法及び印刷機 |
| WO2000016988A1 (en) | 1998-09-21 | 2000-03-30 | R/H Consulting, Inc. | Lithographic printing plates for use with laser imaging apparatus |
| US6204875B1 (en) * | 1998-10-07 | 2001-03-20 | Barco Graphics, Nv | Method and apparatus for light modulation and exposure at high exposure levels with high resolution |
| WO2001002170A1 (de) | 1999-06-30 | 2001-01-11 | OCé PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH | Verfahren und druckvorrichtung zum bedrucken eines trägermaterials und zum reinigen einer druckwalze |
| US6480218B2 (en) * | 1999-12-03 | 2002-11-12 | Konica Corporation | Printer for recording an image on a recording material |
| DE10132204A1 (de) | 2001-07-03 | 2003-01-30 | Oce Printing Systems Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen unterschiedlicher Druckbilder auf demselben Druckträger |
-
2002
- 2002-02-19 DE DE10206942A patent/DE10206942A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2003
- 2003-02-14 EP EP03706512A patent/EP1476303B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-02-14 DE DE50310642T patent/DE50310642D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-02-14 WO PCT/EP2003/001497 patent/WO2003070462A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2003-02-14 AT AT03706512T patent/ATE411164T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-02-14 US US10/505,238 patent/US20050223927A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2006
- 2006-05-09 US US11/431,851 patent/US20060201361A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2009
- 2009-01-12 US US12/352,162 patent/US20090133596A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO03070462A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20090133596A1 (en) | 2009-05-28 |
| US20050223927A1 (en) | 2005-10-13 |
| DE10206942A1 (de) | 2003-09-04 |
| WO2003070462A1 (de) | 2003-08-28 |
| DE50310642D1 (de) | 2008-11-27 |
| ATE411164T1 (de) | 2008-10-15 |
| US20060201361A1 (en) | 2006-09-14 |
| EP1476303B1 (de) | 2008-10-15 |
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