EP1466756A2 - Verbesserung der Festigkeit von Papierblättern - Google Patents

Verbesserung der Festigkeit von Papierblättern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1466756A2
EP1466756A2 EP04251941A EP04251941A EP1466756A2 EP 1466756 A2 EP1466756 A2 EP 1466756A2 EP 04251941 A EP04251941 A EP 04251941A EP 04251941 A EP04251941 A EP 04251941A EP 1466756 A2 EP1466756 A2 EP 1466756A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet
stripes
embossings
watermarks
sides
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04251941A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1466756A3 (de
Inventor
Paul Howland
Nicholas George Pearson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
De la Rue International Ltd
Original Assignee
De la Rue International Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by De la Rue International Ltd filed Critical De la Rue International Ltd
Publication of EP1466756A2 publication Critical patent/EP1466756A2/de
Publication of EP1466756A3 publication Critical patent/EP1466756A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to improvements in sheets, and in particular to the combined use of watermarks and security elements for strengthening sheets and documents made therefrom.
  • WO 03/029003 One solution for improving the life of a banknote has been proposed in WO 03/029003 which includes using a lacquer to reinforce the edge regions of a note, applying a film material to, or embedding, in the paper, or incorporating fibres in the so-called endangered regions of the paper.
  • the invention provides a sheet having corners sides joined at said corners, wherein corner reinforcing watermarks are provided at at least two of said corners and an elongate element is at least partially embedded within the sheet along and at or close to an edge of at least one side.
  • the security elements provide resistance to tears across the sheet. This combination of features can usefully be used to significantly prolong the life of a bank note or other security document.
  • the invention also provides a sheet having at corners and sides joined at said corners, wherein corner reinforcing watermarks are provided at at least two of said corners and an elongate element is at least partially embedded within the sheet along and at or close to an edge of at least one of the sides.
  • a sheet can refer to a large sheet of paper which is cut into smaller sheets from which documents, such as banknotes are made; or one of such smaller sheet.
  • sides means the elongate edges joined at the corners of the sheet, rather than the flat planar surface (or faces) of the sheet.
  • watermarks 11 are provided in at least two, preferably adjacent corners of the sheet 10 during the manufacture of the paper.
  • a watermark is created by well known techniques of varying the grammage of paper fibres so that in some areas the fibres are of higher grammage than the average grammage of the base paper layer, and in others they are of lower grammage. When viewed in transmitted light the areas of lower grammage are lighter and the areas of higher grammage are darker than the base paper, and the contrast between the light and dark areas can be very clearly seen.
  • Watermarks have been widely used as security features, as true watermarks are very hard to counterfeit particularly by photocopying techniques. They are also used as aesthetic features, e.g. in stationery, as complex patterns can be produced by watermark techniques. Traditionally watermarks have always tended to be located in the main body of the sheet or document in which they are produced so that they can clearly be seen. In the present invention, on the other hand, the watermarks are specifically located in the corners of the sheet. This has resulted in the surprising increase in stiffness of the corners which leads to a significant and unexpected reduction in corner folds (dog-ears).
  • Another particularly effective watermark pattern is one that results in lines of higher grammage areas approaching the edges of the paper at between 55° and 35° to the edge perpendicular, and more preferably at 45°.
  • Figure 4 shows the results for a test developed for this study.
  • the test gives an angle to which a fold relaxes after it has been bent over with a known force. In this case, whether other factors are constant, the watermark increases the fold recovery angle because of the stiffness imparted by the watermark pattern.
  • the results of the specific patterns of Figure 2 are shown in Figure 4.
  • the stiffness of the paper increased where the watermark was made from a positive pattern having the effect of adding bulk to selected areas as compared to the thickness of the base paper layer, as opposed to a negative pattern where the main portion was thinner than that of the base paper layer. Not only was the stiffness of the paper found to be increased in the paper made according to the invention, but in tests to measure fold recovery angle, it was found that the improvement in fold recovery was as much as 50% over paper without corner reinforcing watermarks.
  • watermarks 12 are created either at, or covering, the middle of each edge of the sheet 10, i.e. at North, South, East and West positions of the note when viewed face on.
  • the problems identified previously relating to damage at the middle of each of the edges of banknotes have been found to be significantly reduced by providing such reinforcing watermarks at the middle of each edge, as shown in Fig. 6 because of the increased stiffness and improved fold recovery in these regions.
  • the watermarks 12 are preferably positive and the preferred form include corrugations and/or elements of the design perpendicular to the likely direction of folding or rolling, i.e. parallel to the edges of the sheet 10.
  • the individual reinforcing watermarks 11, 12 may be discrete, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 9, or they may be joined together so that the watermark appears as a continuous frame around the whole sheet 10. Alternatively just some of the reinforcing watermarks 11, 12 may be joined, to provide an aesthetic pattern.
  • machine made paper is produced in continuous webs, which is subsequently cut to form individual sheets.
  • the pattern of reinforcing watermarks 11, 12 produced on the web will need to be carefully designed to ensure that when the sheet 10 are cut, the watermarks 11, 12 are located at the corners and/or edges of the sheet 10.
  • the effective thickness of the paper in the document corners and at far edges can also be increased by embossing corrugations at the corner or the edges having the reinforcing watermarks 11,12 in patterns, which may or may not be similar to those of the reinforcing watermarks 11,12. Embossing can preferably be achieved by an intaglio process commonly used for printing security documents.
  • the embossings may be produced by an intaglio process, either with or without (blind) ink.
  • the embossings preferably fill an area bounded by at least a length of 10mm on each of the adjacent sides of each corner. More preferably the whole of each corner area is filled.
  • the embossings preferably consist of a plurality of stripes, each having a width between 0.5 and 3mm wide which are separated by gaps having a width lying in the range 0.5 to 3mm.
  • the stripes may be straight, wavy or curved and are preferably parallel.
  • the stripes of the embossings are preferably at an angle of between 70° and 111°,relative to the line of a corner fold set at 45° to one of the edges, and more preferably at an angle of 90°.
  • embossings may be provided by uninked die stamping.
  • the advantages provided by the corner and edge reinforcing watermarks 11 are enhanced in this invention by providing an elongate security element 20 (also known as a thread) along one or more sides of the sheet.
  • the security element 20 is preferably positioned as close to the edge of the sheet 10 as possible, without compromising the integrity of its embedment within the sheet 10. Preferably the distance is at least 1mm. It is also envisaged that the security elements 20 can abut the edge of the sheet.
  • the sheet 10 may have 2, 3 or 4 corner reinforcing watermarks, and 1 or 2 elongate elements 20. As shown in Fig. 18 each end of a pair of security elements 20 overlaps with a watermark 11, and one or both of the security elements 20 may be partially embedded, so that it/they are exposed in windows 21 at one or both surfaces of the sheet 10, according to well known techniques. Alternatively one or both security elements 20 may be wholly embedded within the sheet 10 by known techniques.
  • the lower of the two security elements 20 in Fig. 18 is wholly embedded within the sheet 10, whilst the upper one is partly exposed in windows 21.
  • the security elements 20 overlap with the corner reinforcing watermarks 11 the less dense areas of the watermarks 11 may be used to reveal the security elements 20, whilst the denser areas form bridges 22 covering the security elements 20.
  • Figure 19 whereas the wholly embedded security elements 20 are shown in Figure 20.
  • a pair of reinforcing watermarks 11 are provided at a pair of adjacent corners (joined by one side - long or short) of the sheet 10, whilst the security element 20 is provided along the opposite sides of the sheet.
  • a security element 20 is provided along the same side as the corner reinforcing watermarks 11, and a third corner may or may not have a reinforcing watermark 11.
  • corner reinforcing watermarks 11 and 1 or 2 security elements 20 there may be 2, 3 or 4 corner reinforcing watermarks 11 and 1 or 2 security elements 20 or the same or different sides to the corner reinforcing watermarks 11.
  • the security elements 20 can incorporate any known security features, such as holographics, demetallised or metallised indicia, thermochromics, liquid crystals, magnetic coding, electronic chips, iridescents etc. In addition they may be formed from standard web of plastics material, a scrim of woven or punctured mesh or other such substrates/bases. Suitable plastics materials for the supporting substrate are polyester, polypropylene, BOPP etc.
  • the security elements 20 provide an enhancement by acting to prevent the initiation of tears in the sheets 10 and, if tears are initiated to prevent their propogation past the security elements 20. Although it is mainly envisaged that the security elements 20 will run along the longest edges of the sheet, it is possible to include security elements 20 along the shorter of any edges.
  • the forming cloth may be embossed with the reinforcing watermarks overlapping ( Figure 16) or adjacent ( Figure 17) or at any desired position between.
EP04251941A 2003-04-03 2004-03-31 Verbesserung der Festigkeit von Papierblättern Withdrawn EP1466756A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0307755 2003-04-03
GB0307755A GB0307755D0 (en) 2003-04-03 2003-04-03 Improvements in sheets

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1466756A2 true EP1466756A2 (de) 2004-10-13
EP1466756A3 EP1466756A3 (de) 2007-02-07

Family

ID=9956148

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04251941A Withdrawn EP1466756A3 (de) 2003-04-03 2004-03-31 Verbesserung der Festigkeit von Papierblättern

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1466756A3 (de)
GB (2) GB0307755D0 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2458485A (en) * 2008-03-19 2009-09-23 Rue De Int Ltd Improving adhesion of a security stripe or patch to paper sheets having reinforcing corner and edge watermarks
WO2014095039A1 (de) * 2012-12-18 2014-06-26 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Substratbogen für die herstellung von sicherheits- und wertdokumenten

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1661834A1 (de) * 2004-11-25 2006-05-31 Kba-Giori S.A. Markierung für Schriftgut

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0101203A2 (de) * 1982-07-22 1984-02-22 The Wiggins Teape Group Limited Verfahren zur Trocknung und Konsolidation einer Papierbahn
US4462867A (en) * 1981-07-13 1984-07-31 Portals Limited Paper incorporating a partially embedded strip
EP0238043A2 (de) * 1986-03-18 1987-09-23 GAO Gesellschaft für Automation und Organisation mbH Sicherheitsdokument mit darin eingelagertem Sicherheitsfaden
GB2309039A (en) * 1996-01-12 1997-07-16 Portals Ltd Security paper
WO2003046282A1 (en) * 2001-11-26 2003-06-05 De La Rue International Limited Paper including watermarks and/or embossings

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4462867A (en) * 1981-07-13 1984-07-31 Portals Limited Paper incorporating a partially embedded strip
EP0101203A2 (de) * 1982-07-22 1984-02-22 The Wiggins Teape Group Limited Verfahren zur Trocknung und Konsolidation einer Papierbahn
EP0238043A2 (de) * 1986-03-18 1987-09-23 GAO Gesellschaft für Automation und Organisation mbH Sicherheitsdokument mit darin eingelagertem Sicherheitsfaden
GB2309039A (en) * 1996-01-12 1997-07-16 Portals Ltd Security paper
WO2003046282A1 (en) * 2001-11-26 2003-06-05 De La Rue International Limited Paper including watermarks and/or embossings

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2458485A (en) * 2008-03-19 2009-09-23 Rue De Int Ltd Improving adhesion of a security stripe or patch to paper sheets having reinforcing corner and edge watermarks
WO2009115766A2 (en) * 2008-03-19 2009-09-24 De La Rue International Limited Improvements in making sheets
WO2009115766A3 (en) * 2008-03-19 2010-01-14 De La Rue International Limited Method of making sheets for security documents
GB2458485B (en) * 2008-03-19 2010-07-14 Rue De Int Ltd Improvements in making sheets
US8430994B2 (en) 2008-03-19 2013-04-30 De La Rue International Limited Making sheets
CN101978112B (zh) * 2008-03-19 2013-10-02 德拉鲁国际公司 用于票证文件的片材的制造方法
EA020337B1 (ru) * 2008-03-19 2014-10-30 Де Ля Рю Интернэшнл Лимитед Способ изготовления листа с водяными знаками
WO2014095039A1 (de) * 2012-12-18 2014-06-26 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Substratbogen für die herstellung von sicherheits- und wertdokumenten

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2400076A (en) 2004-10-06
GB0307755D0 (en) 2003-05-07
GB2400076B (en) 2005-05-25
EP1466756A3 (de) 2007-02-07
GB0407159D0 (en) 2004-05-05

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