EP1466451A1 - Method and system for converting data - Google Patents
Method and system for converting dataInfo
- Publication number
- EP1466451A1 EP1466451A1 EP03704202A EP03704202A EP1466451A1 EP 1466451 A1 EP1466451 A1 EP 1466451A1 EP 03704202 A EP03704202 A EP 03704202A EP 03704202 A EP03704202 A EP 03704202A EP 1466451 A1 EP1466451 A1 EP 1466451A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- data
- conversion
- packets
- time interval
- data packets
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/02—Details
- H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
- H04J3/062—Synchronisation of signals having the same nominal but fluctuating bit rates, e.g. using buffers
- H04J3/0632—Synchronisation of packets and cells, e.g. transmission of voice via a packet network, circuit emulation service [CES]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/02—Details
- H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5603—Access techniques
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5638—Services, e.g. multimedia, GOS, QOS
- H04L2012/5646—Cell characteristics, e.g. loss, delay, jitter, sequence integrity
- H04L2012/5652—Cell construction, e.g. including header, packetisation, depacketisation, assembly, reassembly
- H04L2012/5653—Cell construction, e.g. including header, packetisation, depacketisation, assembly, reassembly using the ATM adaptation layer [AAL]
- H04L2012/5656—Cell construction, e.g. including header, packetisation, depacketisation, assembly, reassembly using the ATM adaptation layer [AAL] using the AAL2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5638—Services, e.g. multimedia, GOS, QOS
- H04L2012/5665—Interaction of ATM with other protocols
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5678—Traffic aspects, e.g. arbitration, load balancing, smoothing, buffer management
- H04L2012/5681—Buffer or queue management
- H04L2012/5682—Threshold; Watermark
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a data conversion method and a data conversion system.
- ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) networks are being used to an ever greater extent for digital data transmission.
- ATM networks are high-speed cell relay services in which a large number of data types are transmitted via a common communication medium.
- a continuous bit stream is usually converted into ATM cells, sent over the ATM network and then converted back into a continuous bit stream.
- Each ATM cell contains the same number of bytes. For this reason, ATM cells are generated with a constant time interval between successive cells.
- the second cell may have a greater delay than the first cell. Accordingly, the second cell is not available in this case if it is needed. This procedure leads to a transmission standstill, which means that bytes without data content must be inserted. For this reason, the conversion of ATM cells into a continuous bit stream is usually not started before the time when the first cell was received, but only after a delay which corresponds to the maximum time delay. Consequently, a buffer memory is required during the conversion in order to be able to buffer the ATM cells until they are needed. The size of the buffer memory must be chosen large enough. If a buffer memory that is too small is selected, the case could arise that a received ATM cell must be discarded.
- AAL2 ATM adaptation layer type 2
- AAL2 is an ATM layer, which is specified in ITU-T-Recommandation 1.363.2.
- AAL2 provides efficient voice services for ATM networks.
- AAL2 supports features such as efficient bandwidth usage, support for voice compression, detection or suppression of noiselessness, deletion of empty voice channels and provision of multiple voice channels with varying bandwidth on a single ATM connection.
- Each AAL2 packet contains uncompressed speech sample data with 160 bytes in the case of the transmission of compressed speech.
- the AAL2 packets for each connection are generated every 20 ms. They are then transmitted in an ATM or AAL2 network. Because of the spread of AAL2 packet delay in the network, the time interval between subsequent packets varies in data conversion, i.e. when converting the AAL2 packet into a time-division multiplex data flow. 160 bytes correspond to 64 kBit per second every 20 ms. For this reason, the implementation cannot begin at the time the first AAL2 packet arrives, but only after a certain time delay. If the AAL2 packet delay can be limited to 10 ms, the conversion delay is, for example, 10 ms.
- One way to solve this problem is to limit the storage capacity of the translation memory to a maximum of one packet. If only one packet has a delay greater than 10 ms, this packet comes too late and is replaced by bytes with no data content. The next packet is deleted and then normal data transmission takes place again.
- every second packet is discarded and a packet without data content is inserted in each case.
- the small buffer memory was an advantage, in the second case it was a disadvantage.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a data conversion method or a system for converting data in which the time delay is reduced.
- the data conversion method includes the steps of converting data transmission based on packets to data transmission synchronized in time slots and storing data packets in a conversion buffer memory.
- Packet-based data transmission can be, for example, an asynchronous data transmission method, in particular ATM. In principle, however, the present invention is applicable to any type of packet-based data transmission.
- the data transmission synchronized in time slots is preferably a data transmission synchronized in time multiplex.
- the data packets are buffered in a conversion buffer memory.
- the conversion buffer memory can in principle be any type of storage medium.
- a packet is discarded at the end of a time interval Tx if, during this time interval, a threshold t> 0 of packets in the conversion buffer memory is never undershot.
- the reduction in the transmission delay is at least one time interval Tq if a data packet is discarded during the conversion. Tq is the distance between two successive packets at the source. The reduction of the transmission delay is more important for the overall system than a limited packet loss. A conversion takes place after the time interval Tx has elapsed. Then a new time interval Tx begins and the process is repeated.
- a data packet is only discarded if there was always at least one data packet in the conversion buffer memory during a time interval of length Tx.
- the threshold value t is set greater than or equal to two if two subsequent data packets arrive that belong together and / or one data packet without the other is useless.
- AAL2 packets in the case of wide-band AMR (Adaptive Multi-Rate) if the packets are sent as pairs.
- Two data packets are discarded if, during the time interval Tx, a threshold value t greater than or equal to two of data packets in the conversion buffer memory is never undershot.
- the data transmission can also take place according to the ATM or IP standard.
- the packet-based data transmission takes place according to the AAL2 (Asynchronous Transfer Mode Adaptation Layer Type 2) standard.
- the data to be converted are preferably voice data. However, it can also be basically any type of data.
- the packets are packets of a lower layer.
- they are CPS (Common Part Sub-Layer) packages.
- AAL2 packets can be divided into two sub-layers. These sub-layers are the so-called Conversion Sub-Layer (CS) and the Segmentation and Re-Assembly (SAR).
- the CS can in turn be divided into two sub-layers, namely the so-called Common Part Sub-Layer (CPS) and the Service Specific Conversion Sub-Layer (SSCS).
- CPS Common Part Sub-Layer
- SSCS Service Specific Conversion Sub-Layer
- the invention also relates to a data conversion system.
- the data conversion system for converting data transmission based on packets to data transmission synchronized in time slots has a conversion means and a conversion buffer memory for storing data packets. In the conversion means, the packet data are converted into data synchronized in time slots.
- the system further includes a control device for controlling the dropping of a data packet.
- the control device may e.g. to be a microcontroller.
- the individual components of the data conversion system can be arranged in one device or separately.
- the invention is not limited to ATM, AAL2 or IP data conversion. Basically, the present invention can be applied to any type of data conversion in which synchronous data traffic is converted into asynchronous data traffic and then back into synchronous data traffic.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a system for converting packet-based data transmission to data transmission synchronized in time slots.
- the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is a data conversion system for converting voice data in AAL2 format to TDM (Time Division Multiplex) data.
- FIG. 1 shows an ATM network 1, a data conversion card 2 with a conversion buffer memory 3, a TDM network 4 and a control device 5.
- the arrangement of the elements data conversion card 2, conversion buffer Memory 3 and control device 5 is not mandatory. It is entirely conceivable that, for example, the conversion buffer memory 3 is located outside the conversion card 2 or that, for example, the control device 5 is located on the conversion card 2.
- An external data stream 6 is transmitted via an ATM network 1. To do this, the data stream 6 must be converted into ATM-AAL2 packets (not shown). The AAL2 packets are then fed to the conversion card 2, as shown by the arrow 7.
- the AAL2 packets to be converted are buffered in it.
- the control device 5 controls the discarding of AAL2 packets. For this purpose, it receives information 11 from the ATM ! Network 1. In addition, it communicates with or controls 10 the conversion card 2 or the conversion buffer memory 3. The control device 5 must continuously monitor the conversion buffer memory 3 or take the time interval Tx into account. By controlling or discarding AAL2 packets, the transmission delay when converting is reduced by at least one time interval. After the the data are set as a TDM data stream to a TDM network 4. The data can then be forwarded as desired 9.
- an AAL2 packet arrives in the conversion card, it is stored in the conversion buffer memory if it is not full (for example if fewer than four packets are waiting). If the conversion buffer memory is full, the packet is discarded.
- connection-specific variable Q TRUE is set.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10201310A DE10201310A1 (en) | 2002-01-15 | 2002-01-15 | Method for converting data from data transmission based on data packets to data transmission synchronized in time slots stores data packets in a conversion buffer memory. |
DE10201310 | 2002-01-15 | ||
PCT/DE2003/000066 WO2003061228A1 (en) | 2002-01-15 | 2003-01-10 | Method and system for converting data |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1466451A1 true EP1466451A1 (en) | 2004-10-13 |
Family
ID=7712193
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03704202A Withdrawn EP1466451A1 (en) | 2002-01-15 | 2003-01-10 | Method and system for converting data |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050163124A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1466451A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2005515710A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20040076887A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1615619A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003206618A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2473387A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10201310A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL370177A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003061228A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101188609B (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2012-05-23 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A conversion device, system and method between ATM and IP |
WO2017191918A2 (en) * | 2016-05-01 | 2017-11-09 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Method for managing packets for v2x communication and apparatus therefor |
DE102017111820A1 (en) | 2017-05-30 | 2018-12-06 | Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG | High-frequency generating unit |
AT520134B1 (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2020-03-15 | Andritz Tech & Asset Man Gmbh | METHOD FOR REDUCING NITROGEN OXIDES IN TAPE TREATMENT OVENS |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5862136A (en) * | 1995-07-07 | 1999-01-19 | Northern Telecom Limited | Telecommunications apparatus and method |
JP2950231B2 (en) * | 1996-03-21 | 1999-09-20 | 日本電気株式会社 | Cellular transfer data reassembly buffer control apparatus and control method |
US6038216A (en) * | 1996-11-01 | 2000-03-14 | Packeteer, Inc. | Method for explicit data rate control in a packet communication environment without data rate supervision |
JP2853701B2 (en) * | 1997-03-18 | 1999-02-03 | 日本電気株式会社 | Terminal flow control method in ATM network |
EP0921666A3 (en) * | 1997-12-02 | 1999-07-14 | Nortel Networks Corporation | Speech reception via a packet transmission facility |
US6487198B1 (en) * | 1998-06-16 | 2002-11-26 | Mci Communications Corporation | Method and system for unloading T1 payloads from ATM cells |
US6611519B1 (en) * | 1998-08-19 | 2003-08-26 | Swxtch The Rules, Llc | Layer one switching in a packet, cell, or frame-based network |
JP3601994B2 (en) * | 1998-09-17 | 2004-12-15 | 沖電気工業株式会社 | ATM cell multiplexing apparatus and ATM cell multiplexing method |
US7164694B1 (en) * | 1998-11-17 | 2007-01-16 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Virtual loop carrier system with gateway protocol mediation |
JP4035803B2 (en) * | 1999-02-19 | 2008-01-23 | 富士通株式会社 | Mobile packet communication system |
US6665317B1 (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2003-12-16 | Array Telecom Corporation | Method, system, and computer program product for managing jitter |
FR2803466B1 (en) * | 2000-01-03 | 2003-07-04 | Matra Nortel Communications | PACKET RECEIVING DEVICE |
US7061861B1 (en) * | 2000-07-06 | 2006-06-13 | Broadband Royalty Corporation | Method and system for weighted fair flow control in an asynchronous metro packet transport ring network |
JP4510251B2 (en) * | 2000-08-10 | 2010-07-21 | 富士通株式会社 | Packet fluctuation absorbing method and apparatus therefor |
US7120153B1 (en) * | 2001-05-07 | 2006-10-10 | Genband, Inc. | System and method for cross connecting an ATM network and a telecommunication switch |
US7072344B2 (en) * | 2001-07-16 | 2006-07-04 | International Business Machines Corporation | Redistribution of excess bandwidth in networks for optimized performance of voice and data sessions: methods, systems and program products |
US20030198184A1 (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-10-23 | Joe Huang | Method of dynamically determining real-time multimedia streaming rate over a communications networks |
-
2002
- 2002-01-15 DE DE10201310A patent/DE10201310A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-01-10 EP EP03704202A patent/EP1466451A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-01-10 PL PL03370177A patent/PL370177A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-01-10 WO PCT/DE2003/000066 patent/WO2003061228A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-01-10 US US10/501,478 patent/US20050163124A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-01-10 KR KR10-2004-7010867A patent/KR20040076887A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-01-10 CN CNA038022613A patent/CN1615619A/en active Pending
- 2003-01-10 JP JP2003561191A patent/JP2005515710A/en active Pending
- 2003-01-10 AU AU2003206618A patent/AU2003206618A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-01-10 CA CA002473387A patent/CA2473387A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO03061228A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20040076887A (en) | 2004-09-03 |
AU2003206618A1 (en) | 2003-07-30 |
US20050163124A1 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
CN1615619A (en) | 2005-05-11 |
WO2003061228A1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
DE10201310A1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
JP2005515710A (en) | 2005-05-26 |
CA2473387A1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
PL370177A1 (en) | 2005-05-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE69736665T2 (en) | MULTIPLEXING LANGUAGES AND DATA CONTAINING MINICLES | |
DE69831670T2 (en) | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REDUCING THE VARIATION OF DELAYED TIMES BY TIMELY TRANSMISSIONS | |
DE60032458T2 (en) | Self-adapting dither buffer | |
DE69434503T2 (en) | Mobile radio transmission system | |
DE19745020B4 (en) | Method for controlling data traffic in an ATM network | |
DE60108612T2 (en) | LANGUAGE ARCHITECTURE FOR TRANSMISSION OF A COMMON, COMPETITIVE, BASED MEDIA | |
DE60114491T2 (en) | A method of transmitting data between a base station in an access network and an access network control unit of a telecommunications system | |
EP0730362A2 (en) | Method and circuitry for transfer of data packets, transferred by an ATM communication system, to an output line | |
EP1593237B1 (en) | Method for allocating transmission bandwidth in a packet-oriented communications facility | |
EP1425885B1 (en) | Method and system for transmitting data from a first data network into a second data network | |
DE19708182C2 (en) | System for line-free transmission of a frame-synchronized signal between a base station and at least one mobile terminal | |
DE69727047T2 (en) | DEPACKER AND FRAME BALANCER WITH IT | |
EP0705049A2 (en) | Method and apparatus for scheduling the transmission of ATM cells | |
EP0730361A2 (en) | Circuitry for intake and transfer of data packets on an ATM communication network | |
EP1805952B1 (en) | Method for the transmission of data available in the form of data packets | |
WO2003061228A1 (en) | Method and system for converting data | |
DE102006015046B4 (en) | Method and device for traffic smoothing | |
DE10062640B4 (en) | Method for timing the output of data packets from network nodes, network nodes and configured network | |
DE60308451T2 (en) | A method for safely deciding a given state of a communication channel for a transmission system | |
DE69827379T2 (en) | DATA SUPPRESSION AND GENERATION | |
AT408172B (en) | METHOD FOR CONFIGURING A NETWORK TERMINATION UNIT | |
EP0830800A2 (en) | Process for detecting and compensating for missing or incorrectly inserted cells in the asynchronous transfer method (atm) | |
DE19753697B4 (en) | Method and radio station for data transmission in a communication system | |
WO1998048590A1 (en) | Method for subscriber information transfer in a local line distribution network | |
EP1521497A2 (en) | Universal exchange, method for performing a switching task, input unit, output unit and connection unit |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20040617 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: HEISS, HERBERT |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: NOKIA SIEMENS NETWORKS GMBH & CO. KG |
|
RAP3 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: NOKIA SIEMENS NETWORKS S.P.A. |
|
RAP3 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: NOKIA SIEMENS NETWORKS GMBH & CO. KG |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20080717 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20100803 |