EP1456471A1 - Procede d'application d'une composition visqueuse sur la surface d'une bande de papier et leurs produits correspondants - Google Patents

Procede d'application d'une composition visqueuse sur la surface d'une bande de papier et leurs produits correspondants

Info

Publication number
EP1456471A1
EP1456471A1 EP02784562A EP02784562A EP1456471A1 EP 1456471 A1 EP1456471 A1 EP 1456471A1 EP 02784562 A EP02784562 A EP 02784562A EP 02784562 A EP02784562 A EP 02784562A EP 1456471 A1 EP1456471 A1 EP 1456471A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composition
web
paper
tissue
product
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02784562A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Strong C. Chuang
Kou-Chang Liu
Paul D. Beuther
Frank Gerald Druecke
Lee Garvey
Alan Chan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
Kimberly Clark Corp
Original Assignee
Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
Kimberly Clark Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US10/036,735 external-priority patent/US6805965B2/en
Priority claimed from US10/029,118 external-priority patent/US6716309B2/en
Application filed by Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc, Kimberly Clark Corp filed Critical Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
Publication of EP1456471A1 publication Critical patent/EP1456471A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H5/00—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for
    • D21H5/0005—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to finished paper or board, e.g. impregnating, coating
    • D21H5/0047—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to finished paper or board, e.g. impregnating, coating by spraying or projecting
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/16—Sizing or water-repelling agents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/02—Metal coatings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
    • D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
    • D21H19/18—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising waxes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
    • D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
    • D21H19/24—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H19/32—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/22—Agents rendering paper porous, absorbent or bulky
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
    • D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
    • D21H23/46—Pouring or allowing the fluid to flow in a continuous stream on to the surface, the entire stream being carried away by the paper
    • D21H23/48—Curtain coaters

Definitions

  • Facial tissues are not only used for nose care but, in addition to other uses, can also be used as a general wiping product. Consequently, there are many different types of tissue products currently commercially available.
  • tissue products are treated with polysiloxane lotions in order to increase the softness of the facial tissue.
  • Adding silicone compositions to a facial tissue can impart improved softness to the tissue while maintaining the tissue's strength and while reducing the amount of lint produced by the tissue during use.
  • Spray atomization is the process of combining a chemical with a pressurized gas to form small droplets that are directed onto a substrate, such as paper.
  • a substrate such as paper.
  • One problem posed with atomization processes is that manufacturers often find it difficult to control the amount of chemical that is applied to a paper ply.
  • a frequent problem with spray atomization techniques is that a large amount of over-spray is generated, which undesirably builds upon machinery as well as the surfaces of equipment and products in the vicinity of the spray atomizer.
  • over-spray wastes the chemical being applied, and comprises a generally inefficient method of applying additives to a tissue web. Additionally, lack of control over the spray atomization technique also affects the uniformity of application to the tissue web.
  • some additives such as softening agents, can also have a tendency to impart hydrophobicity to the treated paper ' web.
  • hydrophobicity can be desirable in some applications, in other applications, increased hydrophobicity can adversely affect the product. For instance, increased hydrophobicity in a bath tissue can prevent the bath tissue from being wetted in a sufficient amount of time and prevent disintegration and dispersing when disposed in a commode or toilet.
  • the present invention is directed to an improved process for applying compositions to paper webs, such as tissue webs, paper towels and wipers.
  • the present invention is also directed to improved paper products made from the process.
  • the present invention is directed to a process for applying an additive to a paper web, such as a tissue web, that includes the step of extruding a viscous composition onto the paper web.
  • the viscous composition has a viscosity sufficient for the composition to form fibers as the composition is extruded onto the web.
  • any suitable extrusion device can be used to apply the composition to the web.
  • the composition is extruded through a meltblown die and attenuated prior to being applied to the web.
  • the composition can generally be any material that provides benefits to paper webs.
  • the composition can be a topical preparation that improves the physical properties of the web, that provides the web with antibacterial properties, that provides the web with medicinal properties, or that provides any other type of wellness benefits to a user of the paper web.
  • the composition can contain an anti-acne agent, an anti-microbial agent, an anti-fungal agent, an antiseptic, an antioxidant, a cosmetic astringent, a drug astringent, an aiological agent, an emollient, an external analgesic, a humectant, a moisturizing agent, a skin conditioning agent, a skin exfoliating agent, a sunscreen agent, and mixtures thereof.
  • the composition is a softener.
  • the softener can be, for instance, a polysiloxane.
  • the process of the present invention is well-suited to applying relatively high viscous compositions to paper webs.
  • the composition can have a viscosity of at least 1000 cps, particularly 2000 cps and more particularly can have a viscosity of at least 3000 cps. Since the process is capable of handling high viscosity compositions, various chemical additives can be added directly to a paper web without having to dilute the additive with, for instance, water or any other type of dilution agent to form a solution or emulsion.
  • the composition which is applied to the paper web can have a solids content of at least about 80%.
  • a thickener can be added to the composition in order to increase the viscosity.
  • the thickener can be, for instance, a polyethylene oxide. It should be understood, however, that any suitable or conventional thickener can also be used.
  • the amount of the composition that is applied to the paper web depends on the particular application. For example, when applying a softener to a tissue web, the softener can be added in an amount from about 0.1 % to about 10% by weight and particularly from about 0.1 % to about 5% by weight, based upon the weight of the web.
  • the composition is extruded through a meltblown die onto the paper web.
  • the meltblown die can have a plurality of nozzles at a die tip.
  • the nozzles can be arranged in one or more rows along the die tip.
  • the fibers exiting the nozzles can have a diameter of from generally about 5 microns to about 100 microns or greater.
  • the process of the present invention provides great control over the amount of composition applied to the web and the placement of the composition on the web. It is believed that products made according to the process of the present invention have various unique characteristics.
  • a product made according to the present invention includes a paper web containing cellulosic fibers.
  • the viscous composition containing a chemical additive is applied to at least one side of the paper web.
  • the composition is present on the paper web in the form of fibers, such as continuous filaments.
  • a paper web treated in accordance with the present invention will have improved strength characteristics, particularly an improved cross direction wetdry ratio.
  • the cross direction wet:dry ratio can increase by at least 25%, particularly at least 40%, and more particularly by at least 50%.
  • a tissue web treated with a hydrophobic composition, such as a polysiloxane can have a wetdry ratio of at least 0.45, particularly at least 0.48, and more particularly at least 0.52.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic drawing showing application of a viscous composition through a meltblown die tip onto a paper web in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a side view of one embodiment of a meltblown die that can be used in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a bottom view of a portion of the meltblown die illustrated in Figure 2 showing, in this embodiment, a row of nozzles through which compositions are extruded;
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of one embodiment of a paper web made in accordance with the present invention. Repeated use of reference characters in the present specification and drawings is intended to represent the same or analogous features of the invention.
  • the present invention is directed to applying viscous chemical compositions through a meltblown die tip on to a paper web, such as a tissue web. It has been found by the present inventors that when compared with the Rotogravure printing process and the spray atomizing process, the meltblown process is more efficient.
  • the process of the present invention for applying compositions to paper webs can be simpler and less complex.
  • the process of the present invention also provides more flexibility with respect to operation parameters. For instance, it has been found that the process of the present invention provides better controls over flow rates and add on levels of the compositions being applied to the paper webs. In some applications, the process of the present invention may also allow the compositions to be applied to the paper webs at higher speeds in comparison to many Rotogravure printing processes.
  • the process of the present invention can provide greater control over application rates and can apply compositions to paper webs more uniformly.
  • the process of the present invention also can better prevent against over application of the composition and can provide better controls over placement of the composition onto the web.
  • Another advantage to the process of the present invention is that the process is well suited to applying relatively high viscous chemical additives to paper webs.
  • additives can be applied to paper webs without first combining the additives with dilution agents, solvents, surfactants, preservatives, antifoamers, and the like.
  • the process of the present invention can be more economical and less complex than many conventional application systems.
  • a composition containing a chemical additive in accordance with the present invention can be applied to a paper web in the form of fibers, such as, for instance, in the form or continuous fibers.
  • compositions applied in accordance with the present invention will fiberize when extruded through the meltblown die tip.
  • the ability to fiberize the compositions provides various advantages. For example, when formed into fibers, the composition is easily captured by the paper web. The fibers can also be placed on the web in specific locations. Further, when desired, the fibers will not penetrate through the entire thickness of the web, but instead, will remain on the surface of the web, where the chemical additives are intended to provide benefits to the consumer.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that for some applications, a lesser amount of the chemical additive can be applied to the web than what was necessary in many rotogravure processes while still obtaining an equivalent or better result.
  • the chemical additive can be applied in a relatively viscous form without having to be formed into an emulsion or a solution and because the chemical additive can be applied as fibers uniformly over the surface of a web, it is believed that the same or better results can be obtained without having to apply as much of the chemical additive as was utilized in many prior art processes.
  • a softener can be applied to a web in a lesser amount while still obtaining the same softening effect in comparison to
  • treating paper webs in accordance with the present invention can significantly increase the wet strength of the webs.
  • the treated paper web will have an improved cross direction wetdry ratio.
  • the "wetdry ratio” is the ratio of the wet tensile strength divided by the dry tensile strength.
  • the cross direction wetdry ratio can increase by at least 25% particularly by at least 40%, and more particularly by at least 50%.
  • tissue webs treated in accordance with the present invention with a hydrophobic composition can have a cross direction wetdry ratio of at least 0.45, particularly at least 0.48, and more particularly at least 0.50.
  • a hydrophobic composition such as a polysiloxane
  • tissue webs treated in accordance with the present invention with a hydrophobic composition can have a cross direction wetdry ratio of at least 0.45, particularly at least 0.48, and more particularly at least 0.50.
  • a composition containing a hydrophobic chemical additive is applied to a tissue, such as a bath tissue.
  • the chemical additive can be, for instance, a softener.
  • Possible ingredients or chemical additives that can be applied to paper webs in accordance with the present invention include, without limitation, anti-acne actives, antimicrobial actives, antifungal actives, antiseptic actives, antioxidants, cosmetic astringents, drug astringents, aiological additives, deodorants, emollients, external analgesics, film formers, fragrances, humectants, natural moisturizing agents and other skin moisturizing ingredients known in the art, opacifiers, skin conditioning agents, skin exfoliating agents, skin protectants, solvents, sunscreens, and surfactants.
  • the above chemical additives can be applied alone or in combination with other additives in accordance with the present invention.
  • the process is directed to applying a softener to a tissue web.
  • the softener can be, for instance, a polysiloxane that makes a tissue product feel softer to the skin of a user.
  • Suitable polysiloxanes that can be used in the present invention include amine, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, hydroxyl, alkoxyl, polyether, polyethylene oxide, and polypropylene oxide derivatized silicones, such as aminopolydialkylsiloxanes.
  • the two alkyl radicals can be methyl groups, ethyl groups, and/or a straight branched or cyclic carbon chain containing from about 3 to about 8 carbon atoms.
  • Some commercially available examples of polysiloxanes include WETSOFT CTW, AF-21 , AF-23 and EXP-2025G of Kelmar Industries, Y-14128, Y- 14344, Y-14461 and FTS-226 of the Witco Corporation, and Dow Corning 8620, Dow corning 2-8182 and Dow Corning 2-8194 of the Dow Corning Corporation.
  • polysiloxanes were typically combined with water, preservatives, antifoamers, and surfactants, such as nonionic ethoxylated alcohols, to form stable and microbial-free emulsions and applied to tissue webs. Since the process of the present invention can accommodate higher viscosities, however, the polysiloxanes can be added directly to a tissue web or to another paper product without having to be combined with water, a surfactant or any other dilution agent. For example, a neat composition, such as a neat polysiloxane can be applied to a web in accordance with the present invention.
  • the process of the present invention is more economical and less complex than many prior processes. Further, as described above, it has also been discovered that lesser amounts of the chemical additive can be applied to the web while still obtaining the same or better results, which provides further cost savings.
  • polysiloxanes and other additives were also used sparingly in some applications due to their hydrophobicity.
  • problems have been experienced in applying polysiloxane softeners to bath tissues due to the adverse impact upon the wettability of the tissue.
  • hydrophobic compositions can be applied to tissue webs for improving the properties of the webs while maintaining acceptable wettability properties.
  • a hydrophobic composition can be applied in a discrete or discontinuous manner to a paper web in order to maintain a proper balance between improving the properties of the web through the use of the composition and maintaining acceptable absorbency and wettability characteristics.
  • a tissue web 21 moves from the right to the left and is comprised of a first side 45 that faces upwards and a second side 46 that faces downward.
  • the tissue web 21 receives a viscous composition stream 29 upon its first side 45.
  • the composition stream 29 is applied to the web 21 after the web has been formed.
  • the composition can be applied to the web, for instance, after the web has been formed and prior to being wound.
  • the composition can be applied in a post treatment process in a rewinder system.
  • the web 21 can be calendared, using calendar rolls 25 and 26 subsequent to application of the composition.
  • the web can be calendared and thereafter the composition can be applied to the web.
  • the calendar rolls can provide a smooth surface for making the product feel softer to a consumer.
  • a composition containing a chemical additive is extruded to form a composition stream 29 that is directed onto the web 21.
  • the extruder includes a meltblown die 27.
  • a meltblown die is an extruder that includes a plurality of fine, usually circular, square or rectangular die capillaries or nozzles that can be used to form fibers.
  • a meltblown die can include converging high velocity gas (e.g. air) streams which can be used to attenuate the fibers exiting the nozzles.
  • a meltblown die is disclosed, for instance, in U.S. Patent No. 3,849,241 to Butin, et al which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • meltblown die 27 extrudes the viscous composition stream 29 from die tip 28.
  • the melt down die can be placed in association with air curtain 30a-b.
  • the air curtain 30a-b may completely surround the extruded composition stream 29, while in other applications the air curtain 30a- b may only partially surround the composition stream 29.
  • the air curtain can facilitate application of the composition to the paper web, can assist in forming fibers from the composition being extruded and/or can attenuate any fibers that are being formed.
  • the air curtain can be at ambient temperature or can be heated.
  • An exhaust fan 31 is located generally below the tissue web 21.
  • the exhaust fan 31 is provided to improve air flow and to employ a pneumatic force to pull the composition stream 29 down on to the first side 45 of the tissue web 21.
  • the exhaust fan 31 serves to remove from the immediate vicinity airborne particles or other debris through an exhaust duct 32.
  • the exhaust fan 31 operates by pulling air using the rotating propeller 33 shown in dotted phantom in Figure 1.
  • FIG 2 a more detailed view of the meltblown die 27 is shown in which air intake 34a-b brings air into the meltblown die 27. Air travels into air duct 35 and air duct 36, respectively, from air intake 34a and 34b. The air proceeds along air pathway 37 and air pathway 38, respectively, to a point near the center of die tip 28 at which the air is combined with viscous composition 40 containing the desired chemical additives that emerges from a reservoir 39 to die tip 28. Then, the composition travels downward as viscous composition stream 29, shielded by air curtain 30a-b.
  • Figure 3 shows a bottom view of the meltblown die 27 as it would appear looking upwards from the tissue web 21 (as shown in Figure 1) along the path of the composition stream 29 to the point at which it emerges from die tip 28.
  • the meltblown die 27 is comprised of orifices 42 (several of which are shown in Figure 3), and such orifices 42 may be provided in a single row as shown in Figure 3.
  • a combination of channels and orifices 42 could be used.
  • a pressurized tank (not shown) transfers a gas, such as air, to the meltblown die 27 for forcing the composition through the die tip.
  • Composition 40 is forced through the meltblown die 27 and extruded through, for instance, holes or nozzles spaced along the length of the die tip.
  • the size of the nozzles and the amount of the nozzles located on the meltblown die tip can vary depending upon the particular application.
  • the nozzles can have a diameter from about 10 mils to about 50 mils, and particularly from about 14 mils to about 25 mils.
  • the nozzles can be spaced along the die tip in an amount from about 3 nozzles per inch to about 50 nozzles per inch, and particularly from about 5 nozzles per inch to about 30 nozzles per inch.
  • a die tip can be used that has approximately 17 nozzles per inch, and wherein each nozzle has a diameter of about 14 mils.
  • Two streams of pressurized air converge on either side of the composition stream 29 after it exits the meltblown die 27.
  • the resulting air pattern disrupts the laminar flow of the composition stream 29 and attenuates the fibers being formed as they are directed onto the surface of the web.
  • Different sized orifices or nozzles will produce fibers having a different diameter.
  • the fibers that can be formed according to the present invention include discontinuous fibers and continuous fibers.
  • the fibers can have various diameters depending upon the particular application. For instance, the diameter of the fibers can vary from about 5 microns to about 100 microns. In one embodiment, continuous fibers are formed having a diameter of about 25 microns.
  • the flow rate of the composition 40 may be, for instance, from about 2 grams/inch to about 9 grams/inch in one embodiment. The flow rate will depend, however, on the composition and chemical additive being applied to the paper web, on the speed of the moving paper web, and on various other factors. In general, the total add on rate of the composition (including add on to both sides of the web if both sides are treated) can be up to about 10% based upon the weight of the paper web.
  • the add on rate can be from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight, and particularly from about 0.5% to about 3% by weight of the paper web.
  • the viscosity of the composition can also vary depending upon the particular circumstances. When it is desired to produce fibers through the meltblown die, the viscosity of the composition should be relatively high. For instance, the viscosity of the composition can be at least 1000 cps, particularly greater than about 2000 cps, and more particularly greater than about 3000 cps. For example, the viscosity of the composition can be from about 1000 to about 50,000 cps and particularly from about 2000 to about 10,000 cps.
  • air pressure or air curtain 30a-b on either side of the composition stream 29 is to assist in the formation of fibers, to attenuate the fibers, and to direct the fibers onto the tissue web.
  • Various air pressures may be used.
  • the temperature of the composition as it is applied to a paper web in accordance with the present invention can vary depending upon the particular application. For instance, in some applications, the composition can be applied at ambient temperatures. In other applications, however, the composition can be heated prior to or during extrusion. The composition can be heated, for instance, in order to adjust the viscosity of the composition. The composition can be heated by a pre-heater prior to entering the meltblown die or, alternatively, can be heated within the meltblown die itself using, for instance, an electrical resistance heater. In one embodiment, the composition containing the chemical additive can be a solid at ambient temperatures (from about 20°C to about 23°C).
  • the composition can be heated an amount sufficient to create a flowable liquid that can be extruded through the meltblown die.
  • the composition can be heated an amount sufficient to allow the composition to be extruded through the meltblown die and form fibers. Once formed, the fibers are then applied to a web in accordance with the present invention.
  • the composition can resolidify upon cooling.
  • compositions containing behenyl alcohol examples include compositions that contain a wax, that contain any type of polymer that is a solid at ambient temperatures, and/or that contain a silicone.
  • One particular embodiment of a composition that may need to be heated in accordance with the present invention is the following: INGREDIENT WEIGHT PERCENT
  • DOW Corning 200 20 cSt 30 The above composition is well suited for use as a lotion when applied to a cellulosic web.
  • compositions can be heated to a temperature, for instance, from about 75°C to about 150°C.
  • the composition containing the chemical additive is applied to the top surface of a paper web. It should be understood, however, that the composition can be applied to both sides of the paper web or, alternatively, can be applied between a pair of adjacent layers. As described above, the composition containing the additives of the present invention is generally applied after the web is formed. The composition can be applied while the web is dry or while the web is wet.
  • the process of the present invention can be used to apply compositions and chemical additives to numerous and various different types of products.
  • the present invention is directed to applying chemical additives to paper products, particularly wiping products.
  • Such products include facial tissues and bath tissues that have a basis weight of less than about 60 gsm, particularly from about 20 gsm to about 60 gsm, and more particularly from about 25 gsm to about 45 gsm.
  • the tissue web can be made exclusively of pulp fibers or, alternatively, can contain pulp fibers mixed with other fibers.
  • a hydrophobic composition is applied to a tissue web in accordance with the present invention while preserving the wettability and absorbency characteristics of the web.
  • many chemical additives that can be applied to tissue products are hydrophobic and thus when applied to a bath tissue across the surface of the tissue can adversely interfere with the ability of the tissue to become wet and disperse when being disposed of after use.
  • various polysiloxane softening agents when applied to a tissue can render a tissue unacceptable for use as a bath tissue due to the hydrophobic nature of the polysiloxane, although improving the softness and feel of the tissue.
  • hydrophobic compositions such as polysiloxanes can be applied to tissue webs and other paper products without adversely interfering with the wettability of the web.
  • the hydrophobic composition is applied to the web in a discontinuous manner.
  • the hydrophobic composition can be applied evenly across the surface of the web yet be applied to contain various voids in the coverage for permitting the web to become wet when contacted with water.
  • the hydrophobic composition is applied to the web as fibers that overlap across the surface of the web but yet leave areas on the web that remain untreated.
  • the viscous composition can be extruded onto the web so as to cover the entire surface area.
  • a paper web 21 treated in accordance with the present invention is shown.
  • the paper web is illustrated in a dark color to show the presence of fibers or filaments 50 appearing on the surface of the web.
  • the filaments 50 intersect at various points and are randomly dispersed over the surface of the web. It is believed that the filaments 50 form a network on the surface of the web that increases the strength, particularly the wet strength of the web.
  • the filaments 50 only cover a portion of the surface area of the web 21.
  • the composition used to form the filaments can be applied to the web so as to cover from about 20% to about 80% of the surface of the web, and particularly from about 30% to about 60% of the surface area of the web. By leaving untreated areas on the web, the web remains easily wettable. In this manner, extremely hydrophobic materials can be applied to the web for improving the properties of the web while still permitting the web to become wet in an acceptable amount of time when contacted with water.
  • a hydrophobic softener can be applied to a bath tissue and still permit the bath tissue to disperse in water when disposed of.
  • the softener for instance, can be an aminopolydialkylsiloxane.
  • a hydrophilically modified polysiloxane was used.
  • the hydrophobic polysiloxanes, such as aminopolydialkylsiloxanes however, not only have better softening properties, but are less expensive.
  • the process of the present invention allows lesser amounts of the additive to be applied to the tissue product while still obtaining the same or better results than many conventional processes.
  • the Wet Out Time of paper webs treated in accordance with the present invention can be about 10 seconds or less, and more specifically about 8 seconds or less.
  • paper webs treated in accordance with the present invention can have a Wet Out Time of about 6 seconds or less, still more specifically about 5 seconds or less, still more specifically from about 4 to about 6 seconds.
  • “Wet Out time” is related to absorbency and is the time it takes for a given sample to completely wet out when placed in water. More specifically, the Wet Out Time is determined by cutting 20 sheets of the tissue sample into 2.5 inch squares. The number of sheets used in the test is independent of the number of plies per sheet of product.
  • the 20 square sheets are stacked together and stapled at each corner to form a pad.
  • the pad is held close to the surface of a constant temperature distilled water bath (23 +/-2°C), which is the appropriate size and depth to ensure the saturated specimen does not contact the bottom of the container and the top surface of the water at the same time, and dropped flat onto the water surface, staple points down.
  • the time taken for the pad to become completely saturated, measured in seconds, is the Wet Out Time for the sample and represents the absorbent rate of the tissue. Increases in the Wet Out Time represent a decrease in the absorbent rate.
  • tissue product of the present invention can generally be formed by any of a variety of papermaking processes known in the art.
  • any process capable of forming a paper web can be utilized in the present invention.
  • a papermaking process of the present invention can utilize adhesive creping, wet creping, double creping, embossing, wet-pressing, air pressing, through-air drying, creped through-air drying, uncreped through-drying, as well as other steps in forming the paper web.
  • tissue products Besides tissue products, however, the process of the present invention can also be applied to paper towels and industrial wipers.
  • Such products can have a basis weight of up to about 200 gsm and particularly up to about 150 gsm.
  • Such products can be made from pulp fibers alone or in combination with other fibers, such as synthetic fibers.
  • various additives can be added to the composition in order to adjust the viscosity of the composition.
  • a thickener can be applied to the composition in order to increase its viscosity.
  • any suitable thickener can be used in accordance with the present invention.
  • polyethylene oxide can be combined with the composition to increase the viscosity.
  • polyethylene oxide can be combined with a polysiloxane softener to adjust the viscosity of the composition to ensure that the composition will produce fibers when extruded through the meltblown die.
  • EXAMPLE 1 In order to further illustrate the present invention, a conventional polysiloxane formulation was applied to a through-dried tissue web using a rotogravure coater. For purposes of comparison, a neat aminopolydimethylsiloxane was applied to the same bath tissue according to the present invention.
  • the neat polydimethylsiloxane was fiberized using a uniform fiber depositor marketed by ITW Dynatec and applied in a discontinuous fashion to the tissue web. More specifically, a single-ply, three-layered uncreped throughdried bath tissue was made using eucalyptus fibers for the outer layers and softwood fibers for the inner layer.
  • a quaternary ammonium softening agent (C- 6027 from Goldschmidt Corp.) was added at a dosage of 4.1 kg/Mton of active chemical per metric ton of fiber to the eucalyptus furnish. After allowing 20 minutes of mixing time, the slurry was dewatered using a belt press to approximately 32% consistency. The filtrate from the dewatering process was either sewered or used as pulper make-up water for subsequent fiber batches but not sent forward in the stock preparation or tissuemaking process. The thickened pulp containing the debonder was subsequently re-dispersed in water and used as the outer layer furnishes in the tissuemaking process.
  • the softwood fibers were pulped for 30 minutes at 4 percent consistency and diluted to 3.2 percent consistency after pulping, while the debonded eucalyptus fibers were diluted to 2 percent consistency.
  • the overall layered sheet weight was split 30%/40%/30% among the eucalyptus/refined softwood/eucalyptus layers.
  • the center layer was refined to levels required to achieve target strength values, while the outer layers provided the surface softness and bulk. Parez 631 NC was added to the center layer at 2-4 kilograms per tonne of pulp based on the center layer.
  • a three layer headbox was used to form the web with the refined northern softwood kraft stock in the two center layers of the headbox to produce a single center layer for the three-layered product described.
  • Turbulence-generating inserts recessed about 3 inches (75 millimeters) from the slice and layer dividers extending about 1 inch (25.4 millimeters) beyond the slice were employed.
  • the net slice opening was about 0.9 inch (23 millimeters) and water flows in all four headbox layers were comparable.
  • the consistency of the stock fed to the headbox was about 0.09 weight percent.
  • the resulting three-layered sheet was formed on a twin-wire, suction form roll, former with forming fabrics being Lindsay 2164 and Asten 867a fabrics, respectively.
  • the speed of the forming fabrics was 11.9 meters per second.
  • the newly-formed web was then dewatered to a consistency of about 20-27 percent using vacuum suction from below the forming fabric before being transferred to the transfer fabric, which was traveling at 9.1 meters per second (30% rush transfer).
  • the transfer fabric was an Appleton Wire T807-1. A vacuum shoe pulling about 6- 15 inches (150-380 millimeters) of mercury vacuum was used to transfer the web to the transfer fabric.
  • the web was then transferred to a throughdrying fabric (Lindsay wire T1205-1 ).
  • the throughdrying fabric was traveling at a speed of about 9.1 meters per second.
  • the web was carried over a Honeycomb throughdryer operating at a temperature of about 350°F, (175°C.) and dried to final dryness of about 94-98 percent consistency.
  • the resulting uncreped tissue sheet was then wound into a parent roll.
  • the parent roll was then unwound and the web was calendered twice. At the first station the web was calendered between a steel roll and a rubber covered roll having a 4 P&J hardness.
  • the calendar loading was about 90 pounds per lineal inch (pli).
  • the web was calendered between a steel roll and a rubber covered roll having a 40 P&J hardness.
  • the calender loading was about 140 pli.
  • the thickness of the rubber covers was about 0.725 inch (1.84 centimeters).
  • the aqueous emulsion contained 25% polydimethylsiloxane; 8.3% surfactant; 0.75% antifoamer and 0.5% preservative.
  • the gravure rolls were electronically engraved, chrome over copper rolls supplied by Specialty Systems, Inc., Louisville, Kentucky.
  • the rolls had a line screen of 200 ceils per lineal inch and a volume of 6.0 Billion Cubic Microns (BCM) per square inch of roll surface. Typical cell dimensions for this roll were 140 microns in width and 33 microns in depth using a 130 degree engraving stylus.
  • the rubber backing offset applicator rolls were a 75 shore A durometer cast polyurethane supplied by American Roller company, Union Grove, Wisconsin. The process was set up to a condition having 0.375 inch interference between the gravure rolls and the rubber backing rolls and 0.003 inch clearance between the facing rubber backing rolls.
  • the simultaneous offset/offset gravure printer was run at a speed of 2000 feet per minute using gravure roll speed adjustment (differential) to meter the polysiloxane emulsion to obtain the desired addition rate.
  • the gravure roll speed differential used for this example was 1000 feet per minute.
  • the process yielded an add-on level of 2.5 weight percent total add-on based on the weight of the tissue (1.25% each side).
  • Another portion or section of the formed tissue web was then fed through a uniform fiber depositor (a type of meltblown die) as described above.
  • the uniform fiber depositor had 17 nozzles per inch and operated at an air pressure of 20 psi.
  • the die applied a fiberized neat polysiloxane composition onto the web.
  • the polysiloxane used in this example was obtained from Kelmar Industries.
  • the polysiloxane was added to the web to yield an add-on level of 2.5 weight percent total add-on based on the weight of the tissue (1.25% each side). After the two webs were formed, each web was tested for Wet Out Time and for geometric mean tensile strength (GMT).
  • GTT geometric mean tensile strength
  • Geometric mean tensile strength is the square root of the product of the machine direction tensile strength and the cross-machine direction tensile strength of the web.
  • Machine-direction and cross- machine direction tensile strengths were measure using an Instron tensile tester using a 3-inch jaw width, a jaw span of 4 inches and a process speed of 10 inches per minute. Prior to testing, the samples were maintained under TAPPI conditions (73°F, 50% relative humidity) for 4 hours. Tensile strength was reported in units of grams per inch.
  • EXAMPLE 2 The following example was performed in order to illustrate the improvement in strength properties that are obtained through the process of the present invention.
  • two ply tissue webs were prepared, and treated with an amino functional hydrophobic silicone softening agent under simulated commercial conditions.
  • the treated tissue webs were treated while the webs were moving at a speed of 3000 feet per minute.
  • Each ply of the two ply tissue webs were made from a layered fiber furnish. Specifically, each ply contained a first layer of eucalyptus fibers and a second layer of softwood fibers. The eucalyptus fibers comprised 65% by weight of the ply, while the softwood fibers comprised 35% by weight of the ply.
  • the two plies were attached together such that the eucalyptus fibers formed the outside surfaces of the tissue web.
  • an amino functional hydrophobic silicone softening agent was applied to the treated tissue webs. An equivalent tissue web was also left untreated for comparison.
  • the silicone softening agent was product number Y- 14128 obtained from the Witco Corporation.
  • the silicone composition was applied to each side of the treated tissue webs using a meltblown die. The silicone composition was applied to yield a total add-on level from about 0.75% to about 1.25% by weight based on the weight of the tissue.
  • the meltblown die included 17 orifices per inch and was operated at an air pressure of 20 psi and 30 psi in different sample runs. It was observed during operation of the meltblown die that by increasing the air pressure of the meltblown die, thinner fibers were produced having more cross directional orientation.
  • tissue webs After the tissue webs had been treated, the samples were examined and compared for various physical characteristics. Basis weights were determined for the various tissue webs on both a bone dry basis and a conditioned basis wherein the tissue web had been conditioned under TAPPI conditions (50% RH, 22.7°C). Caliper and bulk of the tissue webs were also determined. Caliper and bulk of the web were determined by use of an EMVECO 200A Tissue Caliper Tester at a load of about 2.00 kPa over an area of about 2500 mm 2 .
  • Tensile strengths were measured using an Instron tensile tester using a 3- inch jaw width, a jaw span of 4 inches and a cross head speed of 10 inches per minute after maintaining the sample under TAPPI conditions (50% RH, 22.7°C) for 4 hours before testing.
  • Wet strength was measured in the same manner as dry strength except that the tissue sample was folded without creasing about the midline of the sample, held at the ends, and dipped in deionized water for about 0.5 seconds at a depth of about 0.5 centimeters to wet the central portion of the sample. The wetted region was touched for about 1 second against an absorbent towel to remove excess drops of fluid, and the sample was unfolded and set into the tensile tester jaws and immediately tested.
  • the cross direction wetdry ratio was determined and is reported in the table below. As stated above, the wetdry ratio is the ratio of the wet tensile strength divided by the dry tensile strength. The wetdry ratio was determined using the wet and dry cross direction tensile strengths. Various other results obtained from the above tensile testing method are also reported in the table below. Machine direction (MD) and cross direction (CD) tensile strengths for the tissue webs are reported in units of grams of loading to breakage per 3-inches sample width. The ratio of MD tensile strength to CD tensile strength for the dry tissue webs is also reported.
  • MD machine direction
  • CD cross direction
  • GMM geometric mean tensile
  • the Hercules Size Test is a measure of absorbency, with lower numbers indicating a more absorbent product.
  • the test measures the time required for the reflectance of a tissue web to decrease to a predetermined value as a dye solution penetrates through the tissue web. Results are reported in seconds, with values less than about 5 indicating a reasonably absorbent product.
  • Void volume of the resultant sheet was determined according to the following void-volume test. First, the sheet was saturated with a non-polar liquid and the volume of liquid absorbed was measured. The volume of liquid absorbed is equivalent to the void volume within the sheet structure. The void volume is expressed as grams of liquid absorbed per gram of fiber in the sheet. The test includes the following steps. For each sample to be tested, sheets are selected and a 1 inch x 1 inch square (1 inch in the machine direction and 1 inch in the cross machine direction) is cut out. The dry weight of each test specimen is weighed and recorded to the nearest 0.0001 gram.
  • the specimen is placed in a dish containing POROFILTM pore wetting liquid of sufficient depth and quantity to allow the specimen to float freely following absorption of the liquid.
  • POROFILTM liquid having a specific gravity of 1.875 grams per cubic centimeter, available from Coulter Electronics Ltd., Northwell Drive, Luton, Beds., England; Part No. 9902458.
  • the specimen is held at the very edge (1-2 millimeters in) of one corner with tweezers and removed from the liquid. The specimen is held with that comer uppermost and excess liquid is allowed to drip for 30 seconds.
  • the lower corner of the specimen is lightly dabbed (less than 1/2 second contact) with #4 filter paper (Whatman Ltd., Maidstone, England) in order to remove any excess of the last partial drop.
  • the specimen is immediately weighed, within 10 seconds. The weight is recorded to the nearest 0.0001 gram.
  • W 2 wet weight of the specimen, in grams. Fuzziness, Grittiness, Silkiness, and Stiffness values were obtained through a Sensory Profile Panel testing method. A group of 12 trained panelists were given a series of tissue prototypes, one sample at a time. For each sample, the panelists rate the tissue for fuzziness (high values are preferred), grittiness (low values are preferred), silkiness (high values are preferred), and stiffness (low values are preferred) on a scale of 1 (low) to 16 (high) in a sequential, monadic fashion. Results are reported as an average of panel rankings. The results are described below in Table 1. Table 1
  • the cross direction wetdry ratio significantly improved after the tissue web had been treated in accordance with the present invention.
  • This improvement is due not only to the increase in the wet strengths of the treated tissue webs, but also due to the slight decrease in dry strengths upon treatment of the webs.
  • lower dry strength products are softer products.
  • Improved softness is illustrated by the fact that the treated webs are perceived as silkier, fuzzier, less gritty and less stiff than are the untreated webs.
  • the treated webs also maintain good absorbency with very little change in void volume.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé d'application topique de compositions contenant un additif chimique sur une bande de papier. L'invention porte aussi sur des produits en papier fabriqués selon ce procédé. En général, ce procédé comprend plusieurs étapes consistant à extruder une composition contenant un additif chimique à travers une matrice de fusion-soufflage puis à appliquer cette composition sur une bande de papier mobile. Dans un mode de réalisation, cette composition chimique est extrudée en fibres puis appliquée sur la bande de papier. La composition chimique peut contenir, par exemple, plusieurs additifs, tels qu'un adoucissant en polysiloxane.
EP02784562A 2001-12-21 2002-11-21 Procede d'application d'une composition visqueuse sur la surface d'une bande de papier et leurs produits correspondants Withdrawn EP1456471A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US36735 1998-03-09
US10/036,735 US6805965B2 (en) 2001-12-21 2001-12-21 Method for the application of hydrophobic chemicals to tissue webs
US29118 2001-12-21
US10/029,118 US6716309B2 (en) 2001-12-21 2001-12-21 Method for the application of viscous compositions to the surface of a paper web and products made therefrom
PCT/US2002/037651 WO2003057988A1 (fr) 2001-12-21 2002-11-21 Procede d'application d'une composition visqueuse sur la surface d'une bande de papier et leurs produits correspondants

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US8545574B2 (en) 2003-06-17 2013-10-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Methods for treating fibrous structures
US7470345B2 (en) * 2003-12-30 2008-12-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Rolled paper product having high bulk and softness
US7588662B2 (en) * 2007-03-22 2009-09-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products containing non-fibrous polymeric surface structures and a topically-applied softening composition
DE102017124280A1 (de) * 2017-10-18 2019-04-18 Voith Patent Gmbh Vorhang-Auftragswerk und Verfahren zum Auftragen eines Auftragsmediums

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AU2002346497A1 (en) 2003-07-24

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