Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
  • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
  • C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
  • C02F3/1242—Small compact installations for use in homes, apartment blocks, hotels or the like
  • C02F3/1247—Small compact installations for use in homes, apartment blocks, hotels or the like comprising circular tanks with elements, e.g. decanters, aeration basins, in the form of segments, crowns or sectors
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F3/006—Regulation methods for biological treatment
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
  • C02F3/301—Aerobic and anaerobic treatment in the same reactor
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
  • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
  • C02F2209/42—Liquid level
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
  • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
  • Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
  • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
  • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

• the present invention concerns a facility for purifying water, in particular a mini purifying plant for biological purification of sewage water from one or more residences in an area with dispersed buildings, the facility comprising a number of completely or partly buried tank sections which are mutually connected by means of pump and process means and are provided with inlet and outlet pipes for supplying sewage water and discharging purified water, respectively.
• Mini purifying facilities are used for biological purification of domestic sewage water from 5 to 30 population equivalents (P.E.) and are thus particularly suited for cleaning sewage water from one or more habitations in dispersed buildings in open land.
• mini purification plants for biological sewage water cleaning by bacterial de- composition are known in connection with one or more residences in an area with dispersed buildings.
• Prior art facilities comprise a container construction in which aeration and subsequent final sedimentation of the supplied sewage water, which is supplied to this container structure from a septic tank, such as double or triple chamber sedimentation tank, connected to the container, are performed.
• Mini purification plants of such kinds are known e.g. from DK utility model DK 96 00416 U4 and DK patent application no. 0865/96.
• the prior art mini purification plants presuppose that a separate septic tank is mounted in addition to the mini purification plant itself. Furthermore, the excess sludge from the biological process chamber is pumped back to the septic or sedimentation tank, a fact making it difficult to keep the strict cleaning requirements as recycling sludge to the receiving/sedimentation tank causes the efficiency and the purifying action of the facility to be drastically reduced.
• the prior art mini purification plants furthermore has the drawback that they are sensitive toward fluctuating loads. They are so-called through-flow plants where the cleaning effect varies with variations in the amount of supplied sewage water.
• mini purification plants have a biological film acting by bacteriae placed on a large surface by which the water is led past, whereby biological purification occurs. If the mini purification plant is thus not supplied with sewage water in a period, such as a holiday period, there is, however, the risk that bacterial growth becomes strongly reduced or even becomes extinct, whereby the efficiency of the plant is drastically reduced.
• DK 98 00135 U3 is known a mini purification plant based on SBR- technology where the sedimentation and the biological water purification is performed in one integrated unit.
• This plant is characterised in that the first chamber is a sedimentation chamber for pre-sedimenting and storing of excess sludge, that the second chamber is a pumping and equalising chamber for collecting drainage water during a cleaning cycle, and the third chamber is a process chamber, and that the water circulates between all three chambers in a circuit from chamber 1 to chamber 2 and further on to chamber 3.
• the present invention indicates a modular mini purification facility for performing the biological purification process.
• the facility consists of several tank sections or facility containers for complete or part burying, which, unlike the prior art, is peculiar in that the basic module of the plant is a container consisting of two tank sections: a process tank in which the biological purification occurs, and a separate sludge tank which is only intended for storing excess sludge from the biological process tank. From here, the excess sludge may either be collected in a sludge drying unit or be removed by normal sludge emptying.
• the construction is different from prior art plants by having a separate sludge storage so that the excess sludge is not conducted back to the sedimentation tank. This opti- mises the purifying effect and operational stability of the plant and leads to minimising the need of sludge emptying for the plant.
• the tank for excess sludge may according to the invention be equipped with a sludge drying unit, e.g. by inserting a filter cartridge where the excess sludge may be dewa- tered. After that, the sludge may e.g. be composted, and the fertiliser value be utilised.
• the facility has the advantage that it may be connected to existing sedimentation tanks where the existing sedimentation tank will then act as receiving tank from which the sewage water, by means of a mammoth pump or tradi- tional sewage water pump is pumped to the process tank, after which the biological purification process may be initiated.
• Decisive for the choice of pump type is the content of coarse impurities of the sewage water and the distance between the biological mini purification plant and the existing sedimentation tank.
• the facility may be provided in a further facility module, a so-called integrated facility, where the biological process tank and the separate sludge tank are integrated with a receiving tank.
• This receiving tank may either consist of one single, large chamber, or of several chambers, e.g. designed according to the conditions in the Danish guide for double or triple chamber sedimentation tanks, which then may serve as receiving chamber for the supplied sewage water.
• both sewage water and sludge may be pumped into the process tank in which the biological purification process occurs.
• This has the advantage that the sedimentation tank may be emptied completely whereby anaerobic conditions are avoided and that the buffer capacity of the sedimentation tank is considerably increased.
• a mammoth pump or a traditional sewage water pump may be utilised.
• Decisive for the choice of pump type is inter alia the content of coarser contaminants of the sewage water.
• the first tank section is a receiving tank constituting a combined sedimenting and buffer tank section
• the second tank section is a process section for biological treatment of the sewage water
• the third tank section is a separate sludge storage place so that the excess sludge from the process tank is always retained and stored in a closed sludge storage place - and is not, like other mini purification plants for burying, are recycled to the sedimentation tank and thereby mixed with unpurified sewage wa- ter and sludge from the sedimentation tank.
• the separate sludge storage place according to the invention may possibly comprise means for disinfection/hygienisation.
• the sedimentation tank in the embodiment with two chambers is adapted so that the first chamber constitutes about 70- 90% of the tank volume in the first tank section.
• the sedimentation tank may include three chambers so that the first chamber constitutes about 50-70% of the tank volume in the first tank section, and that the remaining tank volume is equally distributed between the two other chambers.
• the chambers in the sedimentation tank in the container according to the invention may be provided by one or more partitioning walls from the centre line to the outer wall in the container.
• one of the chamber may be provided by a pipe, e.g. a corrugated pipe with suitable diameter.
• the partitioning walls between the individual chambers in the sedimentation tank are provided with through holes which at least have the same dimensions/area as the inlet pipe.
• the facility according to the invention operates by an active sludge process which by batchwise treatment performs a bacterial decomposition of the sewage water.
• the facility is notable in that it may be buried in such a way that only the upper opening is accessible.
• Process, pump and stirring means interact with control means, such as a programmable control unit for regulating and transporting sewage water and excess sludge in the tank sections and for discharging the purified sewage water.
• control means such as a programmable control unit for regulating and transporting sewage water and excess sludge in the tank sections and for discharging the purified sewage water.
• all process, pump and stirring means are arranged readily accessible under the opening of the container which may be covered by a cover.
• process, pump and stirring means and overflow pipes together with possible sensors and the like are all disposed in such a way that they may be inspected and serviced, including dismounted one by one through the opening in the aperture of the container.
• all tank section are supervised through the opening in the container, which means that it is possible to supervise the efficiency of the mini purification plant according to the invention while the facility is operating.
• the system is preferably rotationally symmetric, and the tank sections in the integrated mini purification plant module are separated by wall elements, where two of the wall elements are made in one wall plate, and that this, or the other wall elements, is arranged so that the wall elements extend about from the centre line of the container to the container wall.
• the container is approximately cylindri- cally shaped, which is a particularly simple shape in connection with manufacture, transport and installation.
• the container may be substantially cylindri- cally shaped and provided at the bottom with a buoyancy safety device upon which e.g. a reinforced concrete plate is poured with dimensions for the actual buoyancy calculation.
• a buoyancy safety device upon which e.g. a reinforced concrete plate is poured with dimensions for the actual buoyancy calculation.
• Fig. 1 shows the basic module of the mini purification facility system viewed from above
• Fig. 2 show a top view of the integrated module of the mini purification facility
• Fig. 3 shows the basic module of Fig. 1 in sectional view I-I
• Fig. 4 shows the integrated module of Fig. 2 in sectional view II-II
• Fig. 5 a shows the integrated module of the mini purification facility as seen from above, consisting of only one large receiving tank C
• Fig. 5b shows the integrated module of the mini purification facility as seen from above, consisting of a receiving tank C with a wall element 27
• Fig. 5c shows an embodiment with three separate tank sections installed
• Fig. 5d shows an alternative embodiment
• Fig. 5e shows an alternative embodiment
• Fig. 6 and 7 shows two embodiments of a facility with a triple chamber sedimentation tank.
• Fig. 1 shows the arrangement of the basic module A + B of the biological mini purification facility according to the invention which is intended for connection to already existing sedimentation tanks.
• the basic facility module A + B consists of a container 20 which is divided into two tank sections A and B at the wall element 21.
• Fig. 2 shows the arranging of a further module, the integrated module of the mini puri- fication facility according to the invention.
• the basic module A+B is here enlarged with an integrated receiving and sedimentation tank C exhibiting a volume which is about the same as that of the two tank sections A + B of the basic module.
• the tank section C is separated from the basic module A + B by wall elements 22 and 23.
• the tank section C is divided into at least two chambers, and between the two chambers there are at least one through hole, the dimension of which has at least the same size as the inlet pipe 10.
• the second chamber 25 on Fig. 2 is shown as an inlet pipe with minimum 10% and maximum 30 % of the total volume of tank section C.
• the volume of the second chamber may be regulated by suitable choice and diameter of the inserted pipe 25 or by inserting a further wall element 27 as shown on Fig. 5b.
• the tank section C may only consist of a large compartment as shown on Fig. 5 a.
• the embodiment may be either three separate tank sections as shown on Fig. 5c, or alternative embodiment as shown on Figs. 5d and 5e.
• basic module A+B of the biological mini purification facility intended for installation after already existing sedimentation tanks Prior to connecting basic module A + B, it is necessary that level sensors or pressure sensors are installed in the existing sedimentation tank.
• the facility may be equipped with chemical sedimentation functioning by the programmable control unit activating a dosing pump after which chemicals are introduced from the chemicals container 16 in the facility. Subsequently, the programmable control unit activates the aerating pump 6 for stirring the added chemicals in the process tank A.
• the programmable control unit After finished aeration and stirring, the programmable control unit provides for calm in the process tank A, after which the biological sludge is sedimented.
• the purified water is pumped by means of the outlet pump 2 through the outlet pipe 14 to the recipient.
• the sedimented excess sludge is pumped over into the sludge tank B by means of the sludge pump 3, where the excess sludge is sedimented and stored.
• the surplus water runs back via the return pipe 12 and back to the sedimentation tank.
• the process tank A then changes to pause function until the level sensors in the sedimentation tank indicates via the programmable control unit that there is sufficient sewage water again in order that a new purification cycle may be commenced. During this this pause function, the process tank A is pulse aerated for keeping the bacteriae active until the next purification cycle is commenced.
• the biological mini purification facility is equipped with an overflow pipe 13 which, in case the facility is overloaded or due to prolonged power failure or by other defects in the facility, allows the water to be led out through the outlet pipe 14 without biological purification.
• a pressure sensor 9 for high level in the process tank will simultaneously activate the alarm of the facility.
• the sewage water runs into the facility through the inlet pipe 10 to the double chamber sedimentation tank C of the facility, into the first chamber and subsequently into the second chamber 25, wherefrom the sewage water, by means of the pump 1, is pumped into the biological process tank A.
• the process tank is filled, a further amount of sewage water is pumped into the process tank A, if necessary, whereby contaminants and surface sludge returns through the return pipe 11 back to the sedimentation tank C, after which the aerating pump 6 is activated and the biological purification process is initiated in the process tank A by the sewage water being aerated in a pre-programmed period of time.
• the bacterial decomposition process which is taking place as a consequence of active part of active sludge which is always occur- ring in tank section A after a purifying cycle, is accelerated.
• the facility may be equipped with chemical sedimentation functioning by the programmable control unit activating a dosing pump after which chemicals are introduced from the chemicals container 16 in the facility. Subsequently, the programmable control unit activates the aerating pump 6 for stirring the added chemicals in the process tank A. After finished aeration and stirring, the programmable control unit provides for calm in the process tank A, after which the biological sludge is sedimented.
• the purified water is pumped by means of the outlet pump 2 through the outlet pipe 14 to the recipient.
• the sedimented excess sludge is pumped over into the sludge tank B by means of the sludge pump 3, where the excess sludge is sedimented and stored.
• the surplus water runs back via the return pipe 12 and back to the sedimentation tank C.
• the process tank A then changes to pause function until the level sensor 8 in the sedimentation tank C indicates via the programmable control unit that there is sufficient sewage water again in order that a new purification cycle may be commenced.
• the process tank A is pulse aerated for keeping the bacteriae active until the next purification cycle is commenced.
• the biological mini purification facility is equipped with an overflow pipe 13 which, in case the facility is overloaded or due to prolonged power failure or by other defects in the facility, allows the water to be led out through the outlet pipe 14 without biological purification.
• a pressure sensor 9 for high level in the process tank will simultaneously activate the alarm of the facility.
• All pump and process means 1-9 are arranged centrally in the container 20 immediately under the centre positioned cover and opening 24.
• the facility according to the invention is shown rotationally symmetric. However, the facility may have other designs without departing from the inventive principle.
• All pump and process means 1-9 are connected to an not shown control unit specified for the process, such a programmable computer control developed for the facility, or a traditional PLC-control so that the process in the facility may be regulated and adapted to the operational and functional demands required at any time.
• the container is, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, provided with a relatively long cylindrical pipe 28 in connection with cover and opening 24. This implies that the container may be made with a riser tube 28 with cover and the opening 24, the length of which may be adjusted according to the burying depth and/or how far it is desired for the opening 24 to protrude up over the ground surface.
• the container 20 is provided with an annular buoyancy safety flange 26 on which there may be poured e.g. a reinforced concrete plate which is dimensioned for the actual buoyancy calculation.
• the container 20 is provided sufficient weight in order to prevent tendencies of buoyancy, particularly when the container is empty or only filled to a small extent.
• the sedimentation tank in the first tank section may alternatively be divided into three chambers I a , I b , I 0 .
• the first chamber I a here constitutes minimum 50%, preferably 50-70%.
• the partitioning may either be as shown in Fig. 6 with two partitioning walls 17, or, as shown in fig. 7, as a combination of a partitioning wall 17 and a pipe 18.
• the single chambers in the sedimentation tank C are con- nected with through-going holes.
• the number of chambers in the sedimentation tank is determined in relation to the tank capacity so that it, inter alia in case of large capacity, is easy to empty and inspect the tank.
• the first tank section C may furthermore be used alone, i.e. without putting the other tank sections into use.
• the facility according to the invention as a usual septic tank/sedimentation tank, after which one may later upgrade it to a biological/chemical mini purification plant.
• a test plant installed in connection with the development of the invention shows purification results that are significantly below the figures expected in other known plants, and values substantially (up to 250 times) below the values required by the Danish Environmental Authority. This is illustrated in the table below:
• the container 15 is divided into two chambers.
• a first chamber means e.g. in the shape of vertical tubes are arranged, or alternatively a screw.
• the first water (5-15 1) will be caught and retained in the tubes, after which the succeeding water will land in the second chamber from which a purification specimen may be taken.
• the water from which the purification specimen is taken is thus more representative for the purifying effect as possible sedimented sludge or other remains in the supply tubes from the process chamber will be caught in the first chamber.
• the water is conducted from the container 15 back into the process chamber, and a new specimen may be led into the container, and a subsequent specimen may be taken.
• Inlet pump - (with basic module, pump is installed in receiving tank - mammoth or common sewage pump pumping to process tank) 2.
• Outlet pump - mammoth (with basic module, pump is installed in receiving tank - mammoth or common sewage pump pumping to process tank) 2.
• Container for controlling discharged water (to recipient) 16.

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
• Microbiology (AREA)
• Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Treatment Of Biological Wastes In General (AREA)

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• 2001
  • 2001-11-15 EP EP01274690A patent/EP1454019A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2001-11-15 WO PCT/DK2001/000757 patent/WO2003042465A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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