EP1450971A1 - Longitudinal component with mass accumulations - Google Patents
Longitudinal component with mass accumulationsInfo
- Publication number
- EP1450971A1 EP1450971A1 EP02774157A EP02774157A EP1450971A1 EP 1450971 A1 EP1450971 A1 EP 1450971A1 EP 02774157 A EP02774157 A EP 02774157A EP 02774157 A EP02774157 A EP 02774157A EP 1450971 A1 EP1450971 A1 EP 1450971A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- forming elements
- blank
- elements
- longitudinal axis
- forming
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/04—Shaping in the rough solely by forging or pressing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
- B21J7/02—Special design or construction
- B21J7/18—Forging machines working with die jaws, e.g. pivoted, movable laterally of the forging or pressing direction, e.g. for swaging
Definitions
- This invention relates to an apparatus and method for manufacture of a longitudinal component with mass accumulations at each end.
- the longitudinal component may be used as a preform for the manufacture of parts with mass accumulations at each end, such as automotive steering rods and connecting rods.
- the invention is described with an embodiment suited to the manufacture of a component that can be used as preform for the manufacture of a flashless metal automotive connecting rod.
- Connecting rods for internal combustion engines typically include a crank end and a pin end interconnected by a body portion.
- Such connecting rods are typically made by one of three primary metal forming processes, which are "conventional hot forging", “casting” and “powder metal forming and machining".
- a more recent forging process is a flashless forging process in which a preform is induction heated prior to undergoing a sequence of forging steps.
- US Patent No. 5,544,413 describes such a flashless forging process for manufacturing a connecting rod, as well as providing details on the earlier mentioned three primary metal forming processes typically used to manufacture connecting rods.
- An advantage of flashless forging a connecting rod is that only a precise quantity of raw material is used for the preform, virtually eliminating flash that would otherwise result on the finished forging and the need for a secondary trim operation.
- Another advantage, is that the weight is precisely controlled, thereby allowing shaping substantially close to the final component stage.
- the preform shown in Figure 2 of US Patent No. 5,544,413 is of a generally cylindrical cross-section and is constructed from a high carbon steel or other suitable material. It can be manufactured by a number of known techniques such as extruding, cross-rolling, machining or a combination of techniques.
- a problem associated with such a preform is that whilst it has a body having first and second ends, it requires a heating operation to achieve a forging temperature in the range of 1700°F-2250°F, prior to forging in at least three steps to achieve a finished form. This makes it a four step shaping operation if the step to make the preform is counted.
- preform for use in flashless forging process, where the preform is a longitudinal component with mass accumulations at each end that more closely approximates the desired shape of the connecting rod to be forged. This would allow for at least one forging step and heating operation to be eliminated.
- the present invention is directed to an apparatus and method for manufacture of a longitudinal component with mass accumulations from bar stock of constant cross section.
- the present invention consists in a method for forming a longitudinal component with mass accumulations at each end thereof from an elongate blank, said method comprising
- At least four of said forming elements are primary forming elements pivotally movable inwardly about respective axes which are at right angles to said longitudinal axis during step (ii) of the method.
- At least four of said forming elements are secondary forming elements each of which engage said blank in a region adjacent to the central portion of said blank between two primary forming elements.
- At least four of said forming elements are tertiary forming elements each of which are movable to a respective primary forming element and engage with the blank at or near said first abutment element.
- said elongate blank is of substantially constant cross section.
- Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the shape of a preform to be manufactured according to the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a perspective view of die assembly for forming the preform shown in Fig. 1.
- Figs. 3(a)-(e) are schematic views of a portion of die assembly viewed in direction A of Fig. 2.
- FIGs. 4(a)-(c) are schematic plan views of two adjacent primary forming elements and a secondary forming element of the die assembly as they engage the blank.
- Fig. 1 depicts an embodiment of a longitudinal component 1 , which has a narrow central portion 2, with mass accumulations at each end 3,4 thereof.
- Component 1 is suitable for use as a preform for flashless forging a connecting rod for an internal combustion engine.
- Figs. 2-4 depicts a die assembly 20 used to manufacture component 1 , from a blank 5, of steel round bar.
- Fig. 2 depicts a die assembly 20 used to manufacture component 1 , from a blank 5 of round bar.
- Die assembly 20 has a cavity 18 with a longitudinal axis Z, which is surrounded by four primary forming elements 6,7,8,9, and four secondary forming elements. For ease of clarity, only two of the secondary forming elements 10,11 are shown.
- Die assembly 20 also has four tertiary forming elements, only two of which are shown as tertiary forming elements 13,15. Die assembly 20 also has two abutment forming elements 16,17.
- Primary forming elements 6,7 are a first pair of dies, whose forming faces are opposed to each other about longitudinal axis Z in cavity 18.
- Primary forming elements 8,9 are a second pair of dies, whose forming faces are also opposed to each other about longitudinal axis Z in cavity 18.
- the first pair of primary forming elements 6,7 are disposed at right angles to the second pair of primary forming elements 8,9, thereby spacing each of the four primary forming elements 6,7,8 and 9 equally at 90° about axis Z.
- FIG. 3(a)-3(f) shows the first pair of primary forming elements 6,7, respective tertiary forming elements 12,13 and abutment forming elements16,17 about cavity 18, in which blank 5 is formed into component 1.
- Fig 3(a) shows the closed position of the various die elements about cavity 18, which has a profile similar to the finished profile of component 1.
- the dotted outline 5a represents the original position of bar 5.
- Primary forming elements 6,7 are rotatably movable about their respective pivotal axes 6' and 7', which are parallel and disposed at right angles to axis Z.
- Tertiary forming elements 12,13 are linearly movable to the respective primary forming elements 6,7, and abutment forming elements 16, 17 are linearly movable along axis Z.
- Fig. 3(b) shows the various positions of the forming elements immediately after die assembly 20 has been opened and a blank bar 5 has been placed within cavity 18.
- Figs. 3(c)-3(e) show the closure of the various forming elements in a step by step basis.
- primary forming elements 6,7 gradually close inwardly, their respective convexly contoured forming faces 21 ,22 engage and squeeze central region 19 of blank 5, thereby urging some of the centrally located mass of blank 5 downwardly towards abutment element 16 and upwardly towards abutment element 17.
- FIGs. 3(a)-(f) do not show the operation of secondary forming elements 10,11 shown in Fig.2.
- secondary forming elements 11 is disposed between primary forming elements 7 and 8.
- secondary forming element 11 moves linearly inwardly along with primary forming elements 7 and 8 towards blank 5. It engages with blank 5 along a longitudinal front between primary forming elements 7 and 8, thus preventing flash occurring therebetween as shown in Fig. 4(b) and in enlarged detail in Fig. 4(c).
- each two adjacent primary forming elements has a secondary forming element, operationally arranged in a similar manner to that shown in Figs. 4a-4(c).
- component 1 can be readily used as a preform for flashless forging a connecting rod for an internal combustion engine, in which at least one forging step and the heating operation of the preform is eliminated when compared to the prior art US Patent No. 5,544,413.
- tertiary forming elements 12,13 which act in combination with abutment element 16 as shown in Fig 3(a) are only shown on the lower portions of the respective primary forming elements 6,7. It should be understood that in another not shown embodiment, the primary forming elements may have similar tertiary forming elements associated therewith acting in combination with abutment element 17.
- die assembly 20 utilises four primary forming elements and four secondary forming elements
- the die assembly may have only three primary forming elements disposed at 120° intervals about axis Z, thereby only requiring three secondary forming elements.
- blank 5 may have any suitable substantially constant cross section.
- a “longitudinal component” as referred to herein is a component having a longitudinal axis.
Abstract
A method for forming a longitudinal component (1) with mass accumulation at each end thereof from an elongate blank. The method comprising, placing the blank in a cavity of a die means (20) having a longitudinal axis about which is disposed a plurality of movable forming elements (6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 etc), and at least first and second movable abutment elements spaced apart and disposed on the longitudinal axis at opposite ends of the cavity. Moving the forming elements into engagement with a central portion (2) of the blank thereby squeezing and narrowing the blank in the central portion, and urging resultant mass accumulations towards each end of the blank. Also relatively moving the first and second abutment elements (16, 17) towards each other along the longitudinal axis to engage with mass-accumulations at respective opposite ends of the cavity. This in combination with the forming elements determines the final form of the component.
Description
LONGITUDINAL COMPONENT WITH MASS ACCUMULATIONS
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to an apparatus and method for manufacture of a longitudinal component with mass accumulations at each end. The longitudinal component may be used as a preform for the manufacture of parts with mass accumulations at each end, such as automotive steering rods and connecting rods. The invention is described with an embodiment suited to the manufacture of a component that can be used as preform for the manufacture of a flashless metal automotive connecting rod.
BACKGROUND
Connecting rods for internal combustion engines typically include a crank end and a pin end interconnected by a body portion. Such connecting rods are typically made by one of three primary metal forming processes, which are "conventional hot forging", "casting" and "powder metal forming and machining". A more recent forging process is a flashless forging process in which a preform is induction heated prior to undergoing a sequence of forging steps. US Patent No. 5,544,413(Stevens et al.) describes such a flashless forging process for manufacturing a connecting rod, as well as providing details on the earlier mentioned three primary metal forming processes typically used to manufacture connecting rods.
An advantage of flashless forging a connecting rod is that only a precise quantity of raw material is used for the preform, virtually eliminating flash that would otherwise result on the finished forging and the need for a secondary trim operation. Another advantage, is that the weight is precisely controlled, thereby allowing shaping substantially close to the final component stage.
The preform shown in Figure 2 of US Patent No. 5,544,413 is of a generally cylindrical cross-section and is constructed from a high carbon steel or other
suitable material. It can be manufactured by a number of known techniques such as extruding, cross-rolling, machining or a combination of techniques. A problem associated with such a preform, is that whilst it has a body having first and second ends, it requires a heating operation to achieve a forging temperature in the range of 1700°F-2250°F, prior to forging in at least three steps to achieve a finished form. This makes it a four step shaping operation if the step to make the preform is counted.
It would be more desirable to start with a preform for use in flashless forging process, where the preform is a longitudinal component with mass accumulations at each end that more closely approximates the desired shape of the connecting rod to be forged. This would allow for at least one forging step and heating operation to be eliminated.
The present invention is directed to an apparatus and method for manufacture of a longitudinal component with mass accumulations from bar stock of constant cross section.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
In a first aspect the present invention consists in a method for forming a longitudinal component with mass accumulations at each end thereof from an elongate blank, said method comprising
(i) placing said blank in a cavity of a die means having a longitudinal axis about which is disposed a plurality of movable forming elements, said die means also having at least first and second movable abutment elements spaced apart and disposed on said longitudinal axis at opposite ends of said cavity; (ii) moving said forming elements into engagement with a central portion of said blank, thereby squeezing and narrowing said blank in said central portion, and urging resultant mass accumulations towards each end of said blank; and
(iii) relatively moving said first and second abutment elements towards each other along said longitudinal axis to engage with mass- accumulations at respective opposite ends of said cavity, which in combination with said forming elements determine the final form of said component.
Preferably at least four of said forming elements are primary forming elements pivotally movable inwardly about respective axes which are at right angles to said longitudinal axis during step (ii) of the method.
Preferably at least four of said forming elements are secondary forming elements each of which engage said blank in a region adjacent to the central portion of said blank between two primary forming elements.
Preferably at least four of said forming elements are tertiary forming elements each of which are movable to a respective primary forming element and engage with the blank at or near said first abutment element.
Preferably said elongate blank is of substantially constant cross section.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the shape of a preform to be manufactured according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of die assembly for forming the preform shown in Fig. 1.
Figs. 3(a)-(e) are schematic views of a portion of die assembly viewed in direction A of Fig. 2.
*""* -0+.
Figs. 4(a)-(c) are schematic plan views of two adjacent primary forming elements and a secondary forming element of the die assembly as they engage the blank.
MODE OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Fig. 1 depicts an embodiment of a longitudinal component 1 , which has a narrow central portion 2, with mass accumulations at each end 3,4 thereof. Component 1 is suitable for use as a preform for flashless forging a connecting rod for an internal combustion engine.
Figs. 2-4 depicts a die assembly 20 used to manufacture component 1 , from a blank 5, of steel round bar.
Fig. 2 depicts a die assembly 20 used to manufacture component 1 , from a blank 5 of round bar. Die assembly 20 has a cavity 18 with a longitudinal axis Z, which is surrounded by four primary forming elements 6,7,8,9, and four secondary forming elements. For ease of clarity, only two of the secondary forming elements 10,11 are shown. Die assembly 20 also has four tertiary forming elements, only two of which are shown as tertiary forming elements 13,15. Die assembly 20 also has two abutment forming elements 16,17.
Primary forming elements 6,7 are a first pair of dies, whose forming faces are opposed to each other about longitudinal axis Z in cavity 18. Primary forming elements 8,9 are a second pair of dies, whose forming faces are also opposed to each other about longitudinal axis Z in cavity 18. The first pair of primary forming elements 6,7 are disposed at right angles to the second pair of primary forming elements 8,9, thereby spacing each of the four primary forming elements 6,7,8 and 9 equally at 90° about axis Z.
The operation of die assembly 20 will now be described with reference to Figures 3(a)-3(f) which only show the first pair of primary forming elements
6,7, respective tertiary forming elements 12,13 and abutment forming elements16,17 about cavity 18, in which blank 5 is formed into component 1. Fig 3(a) shows the closed position of the various die elements about cavity 18, which has a profile similar to the finished profile of component 1. The dotted outline 5a represents the original position of bar 5. Primary forming elements 6,7 are rotatably movable about their respective pivotal axes 6' and 7', which are parallel and disposed at right angles to axis Z. Tertiary forming elements 12,13 are linearly movable to the respective primary forming elements 6,7, and abutment forming elements 16, 17 are linearly movable along axis Z.
Fig. 3(b) shows the various positions of the forming elements immediately after die assembly 20 has been opened and a blank bar 5 has been placed within cavity 18. Figs. 3(c)-3(e) show the closure of the various forming elements in a step by step basis. As primary forming elements 6,7 gradually close inwardly, their respective convexly contoured forming faces 21 ,22 engage and squeeze central region 19 of blank 5, thereby urging some of the centrally located mass of blank 5 downwardly towards abutment element 16 and upwardly towards abutment element 17. As primary forming elements 6,7 squeeze blank 5, tertiary forming elements 12,13 slide inwardly and in combination with the inward movement of abutment forming elements 16, 17 along axis Z, create the final shape of cavity 18, which results in blank 5 being formed into component 1 with mass accumulated ends 3,4.
Whilst the operation of die assembly 20 shown in Fig. 3(a)-(f) has been, described with reference to the first pair of primary forming elements 6,7, and their associated tertiary forming elements 12,13, it should be understood that the second pair of primary forming elements 8,9 and their associated tertiary forming elements also close inwardly on blank 5, simultaneously with the first pair of primary forming elements 6,7, and their associated tertiary forming elements 12,13.
Also, for ease of clarity and reference, Figs. 3(a)-(f) do not show the operation of secondary forming elements 10,11 shown in Fig.2. During closure of die
assembly 20, as the primary forming elements move pivotally inwardly to engage with blank 5, so do the secondary forming elements. Their operation will now be described with reference to Figs 4a-4(c), in which secondary forming element 11 is disposed between primary forming elements 7 and 8. As shown in Fig 4(a), secondary forming element 11 moves linearly inwardly along with primary forming elements 7 and 8 towards blank 5. It engages with blank 5 along a longitudinal front between primary forming elements 7 and 8, thus preventing flash occurring therebetween as shown in Fig. 4(b) and in enlarged detail in Fig. 4(c). It should be understood that each two adjacent primary forming elements has a secondary forming element, operationally arranged in a similar manner to that shown in Figs. 4a-4(c).
It should be understood that the forming of component 1 with mass- accumulated ends 3,4 is achieved without any substantial loss of material. In this preferred embodiment, component 1 can be readily used as a preform for flashless forging a connecting rod for an internal combustion engine, in which at least one forging step and the heating operation of the preform is eliminated when compared to the prior art US Patent No. 5,544,413.
Whilst in the above mentioned embodiment, tertiary forming elements 12,13 which act in combination with abutment element 16 as shown in Fig 3(a), are only shown on the lower portions of the respective primary forming elements 6,7. It should be understood that in another not shown embodiment, the primary forming elements may have similar tertiary forming elements associated therewith acting in combination with abutment element 17.
Also, whilst in the above mentioned embodiment the secondary forming elements 10,11 move linearly inwardly on blank 5, it should be understood that in other not shown embodiments the movement could be pivotal movement, or a combination of linear and pivotal movement.
It should also be understood that whilst the present embodiment of die assembly 20 utilises four primary forming elements and four secondary
forming elements, in another not shown embodiment the die assembly may have only three primary forming elements disposed at 120° intervals about axis Z, thereby only requiring three secondary forming elements.
It should also be understood that whist the above mentioned embodiment has been described with blank 5 being round bar, in other embodiments blank 5 may have any suitable substantially constant cross section.
A "longitudinal component" as referred to herein is a component having a longitudinal axis.
Claims
1. A method for forming a longitudinal component with mass accumulations at each end thereof from an elongate blank, said method comprising
(i) placing said blank in a cavity of a die means having a longitudinal axis about which is disposed a plurality of movable forming elements, said die means also having at least first and second movable abutment elements spaced apart and disposed on said longitudinal axis at opposite ends of said cavity;
(ii) moving said forming elements into engagement with a central portion of said blank thereby squeezing and narrowing said blank in said central portion, and urging resultant mass accumulations towards each end of said blank; and (iii) relatively moving said first and second abutment elements towards each other along said longitudinal axis to engage with mass-accumulations at respective opposite ends of said cavity, which in combination with said forming elements determine the final form of said component.
A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least four of said forming elements are primary forming elements pivotally movable inwardly about respective axes which are at right angles to said longitudinal axis during step (ii) of the method.
A method as claimed in claims 1 or 2, wherein at least four of said forming elements are secondary forming elements each of which engage said blank in a region adjacent to the central portion of said blank between two primary forming elements.
A method as claimed in claims 1 ,2 or 3 wherein at least four of said forming elements are tertiary forming elements each of which are movable to a respective primary forming element and engage with the blank at or near said first abutment element.
5. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said elongate blank is of substantially constant cross section.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AUPR8718A AUPR871801A0 (en) | 2001-11-07 | 2001-11-07 | Apparatus and method for manufacture of longitudinal component with mass accumulations |
AUPR071801 | 2001-11-07 | ||
PCT/AU2002/001500 WO2003039787A1 (en) | 2001-11-07 | 2002-11-05 | Longitudinal component with mass accumulations |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1450971A1 true EP1450971A1 (en) | 2004-09-01 |
Family
ID=3832538
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02774157A Withdrawn EP1450971A1 (en) | 2001-11-07 | 2002-11-05 | Longitudinal component with mass accumulations |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040255637A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1450971A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2005510358A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20050043760A (en) |
AU (1) | AUPR871801A0 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0213886A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2465094A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003039787A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004008800A1 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-09-29 | Müller Weingarten AG | Method and apparatus for preforming a blank in a bulk forming process |
JP2007136472A (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-06-07 | Showa Denko Kk | Method and apparatus for upsetting |
EP1927413B1 (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2009-08-19 | Topy Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Press forging method |
JP2022087398A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-06-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Mold and forging method |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US524092A (en) * | 1894-08-07 | Machine for making axles | ||
SU1608005A1 (en) * | 1988-04-15 | 1990-11-23 | Научно-Производственное Объединение По Технологии Машиностроения "Цниитмаш" | Method of of forging |
RU2008994C1 (en) * | 1992-06-04 | 1994-03-15 | Тюрин Валерий Александрович | Method for radial hammering |
US6490790B1 (en) * | 1999-11-26 | 2002-12-10 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of manufacturing preform for connecting rod |
-
2001
- 2001-11-07 AU AUPR8718A patent/AUPR871801A0/en not_active Abandoned
-
2002
- 2002-11-05 KR KR1020047006852A patent/KR20050043760A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-11-05 CA CA002465094A patent/CA2465094A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-11-05 JP JP2003541669A patent/JP2005510358A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-11-05 WO PCT/AU2002/001500 patent/WO2003039787A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-11-05 US US10/494,578 patent/US20040255637A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-11-05 BR BR0213886-7A patent/BR0213886A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-11-05 EP EP02774157A patent/EP1450971A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO03039787A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR0213886A (en) | 2004-08-31 |
WO2003039787A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
AUPR871801A0 (en) | 2001-11-29 |
CA2465094A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
US20040255637A1 (en) | 2004-12-23 |
JP2005510358A (en) | 2005-04-21 |
KR20050043760A (en) | 2005-05-11 |
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