EP1449186B1 - Laser-transfer film for permanently labeling components - Google Patents

Laser-transfer film for permanently labeling components Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1449186B1
EP1449186B1 EP02781201A EP02781201A EP1449186B1 EP 1449186 B1 EP1449186 B1 EP 1449186B1 EP 02781201 A EP02781201 A EP 02781201A EP 02781201 A EP02781201 A EP 02781201A EP 1449186 B1 EP1449186 B1 EP 1449186B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
laser
transfer film
adhesive
film according
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP02781201A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1449186A2 (en
Inventor
Sven Reiter
Arne Koops
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Tesa SE
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Tesa SE
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/0041—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/0041—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper
    • B41M5/007—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper on glass, ceramic, tiles, concrete, stones, etc.
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/0041—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper
    • B41M5/0052—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper by thermal printing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a laser transfer film for permanently inscribing components from a carrier layer, wherein an adhesive layer with pigmented boundary layer is present on the lower side of the carrier layer.
  • the marking by means of laser labels and printed or painted metal signs is becoming increasingly important, especially in the automotive industry, especially for high-quality markings.
  • information and instructions such as tire pressure or fuel type for the future user on a variety of components of the car are placed.
  • important production data can be transported via a laser label.
  • the label can be labeled with a barcode.
  • an assembly team With a suitable reader, an assembly team has the opportunity to read information about the model, color and special features from the barcode directly on the production line.
  • sensitive safety data such as chassis and identification numbers are also placed on the vehicle by means of labels. In the event of theft or accident, this information is of great importance for tracing the vehicle and manufacturing stages.
  • the label material used must therefore counteract manipulation attempts, as far as possible forgery-proof. It must not be detached from the bonding surface in a non-destructive way. Additional safety is achieved through the high brittleness of the material in combination with high bond strengths.
  • the adhesive force of the material on the primer plays a major role. It is decisive for the resistance to a manipulation attempt by detachment.
  • labels can be completely separated from the substrate.
  • plastic substrates such as polyethylene or polypropylene shows the bond between adhesive and substrate weaknesses.
  • a special blade tool can be placed under the label at a shallow angle. By careful cutting movements, it is possible to raise an edge, creating a so-called grip. On this catfish one creates a point of attack, which simplifies a detachment.
  • the labels are not applied to the component with a laser label, but by means of an imprint, it is easy for third parties to wash off or scrub the label. Also, often simply rubbing the labeled object on a second article, for example, a package to weaken the individual letters or numbers
  • the US 5,914,165 A1 describes a multilayer composite consisting of an upper layer (second layer 12), an intermediate carrier layer (first layer 11) and an adhesive layer (14) applied to the lower side of the intermediate carrier layer.
  • the upper layer (second layer 12) may contain laser-sensitive pigments.
  • the EP 0 845 767 A1 describes a label with a carrier layer, preferably a carrier film, on the underside of an adhesive is applied.
  • a marking substance is homogeneously distributed. The marking substance is able to migrate through the layer of adhesive and to penetrate into the substrate on which the label is applied.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a laser transfer film which enables the rapid and precise labeling of arbitrary components, which meets the stated requirement of improved security against counterfeiting, which is not destructively detachable even with the aid of a cutting tool, while continuing in particular high contrast, high resolution, high temperature resistance and easy to use has.
  • the invention relates to a laser transfer film for permanent marking of components of at least one carrier layer, wherein on the lower side of the carrier layer, an adhesive layer is present over the entire surface, wherein the carrier layer and the adhesive layer are transparent or translucent and do not absorb a laser beam, characterized that on the lower side of the adhesive layer is applied over its entire surface a pigment layer which contains at least one laser-sensitive pigment which absorbs and sublimates the energy of a laser beam.
  • the backbone of the layer containing the laser-sensitive pigments also consists of the adhesive of the adhesive layer, so that the first adhesive layer and the pigment layer form a single homogeneous layer. Only in the edge region of the homogeneous layer, specifically on the side facing away from the carrier layer, are the pigments distributed in a particularly narrow region of the homogeneous layer, thus forming a kind of boundary layer.
  • a second adhesive layer is preferably applied to the pigment layer containing the laser-sensitive pigment.
  • the second adhesive layer may be applied in the form of dots or by screen printing, optionally also as edge printing, so that the transfer film can be bonded to the substrate in any desired manner.
  • the thicknesses of the individual layers are selected from the following ranges: Carrier layer (preferably PET) 12 ⁇ m to 240 ⁇ m, especially 25 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m Adhesive (preferably acrylate) 5 ⁇ m to 45 ⁇ m, especially 10 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m pigment layer 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, especially 2 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m
  • the films which are to be used according to the invention must be transparent and / or translucent; at least they must be designed in such a way that absorption of the laser beam, which would lead to their destruction, is precluded. In particular, it is desirable if the support material does not absorb light within the wavelength range of 530 to 1064 nm.
  • support material can be preferably used films which are transparent in a further excellently designed variant of the invention, in particular monoaxially and biaxially stretched films based on polyolefins, then films based on stretched polyethylene or stretched copolymers containing Ethylene and / or polypropylene units, optionally also PVC films, films based on vinyl polymers, polyamides, polyesters, polyacetals, polycarbonates.
  • PET films are outstandingly suitable as a carrier.
  • films based on stretched polyethylene or stretched copolymers containing ethylene and / or polypropylene units can be used according to the invention as a carrier film.
  • Monoaxially stretched polypropylene is characterized by its very high tensile strength and low elongation in the longitudinal direction.
  • Preferred for the production of labels according to the invention are monoaxially stretched films based on polypropylene.
  • the laser transfer films according to the invention are single-layer, biaxially or monoaxially stretched films and multilayered, biaxial or monoaxial films based on polypropylene, which have a sufficiently strong bond between the layers, since delamination of the layers during use is disadvantageous.
  • Films based on rigid PVC are used for the production of laser transfer films as well as films based on soft PVC.
  • films based on rigid PVC are preferably used.
  • Polyester-based films for example polyethylene terephthalate, are likewise known and can likewise be used for the production of the transfer films according to the invention.
  • the former are prepared from only a single monomer by, for example, polycondensation of an ⁇ -hydroxycarboxylic acid 1 or by ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters (lactones) 2, for example
  • the latter is synthesized by polycondensation of two complementary monomers, for example a diol 3 and a dicarboxylic acid 4:
  • polyesters are obtained in the polycondensation of trihydric or polyhydric alcohols with polyfunctional carboxylic acids.
  • the polyesters are generally also the polycarbonates (carbonic acid polyester) counted.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • PCDT poly (1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate) s
  • the laser transfer films of the invention may contain a self-adhesive based on natural rubber, PUR, acrylates or styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymers.
  • the self-adhesive composition used is in particular a commercially available pressure-sensitive adhesive based on PUR, acrylate or rubber.
  • an acrylate hotmelt base which has a K value of at least 20, in particular greater than 30, obtainable by concentrating a solution of such a composition into a system which can be processed as a hotmelt.
  • the concentration can take place in suitably equipped boilers or extruders, in particular in the concomitant degassing a vented extruder is preferred.
  • the solution of the composition may contain from 5 to 80% by weight, in particular from 30 to 70% by weight, of solvent.
  • solvents are preferably used, in particular low-boiling hydrocarbons, ketones, alcohols and / or esters.
  • single-screw, twin-screw or multi-screw extruders with one or in particular two or more degassing units are used.
  • benzoin derivatives may be copolymerized, such as benzoin acrylate or benzoin methacrylate, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid ester.
  • benzoin derivatives are in the EP 0 578 151 A1 described.
  • the adhesive on Acrylathotmelt-based can also be chemically crosslinked.
  • self-adhesive compositions of (meth) acrylic acid and esters thereof having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, maleic, fumaric and / or itaconic acid and / or their esters, substituted (meth) acrylamides, maleic anhydride and other vinyl compounds , used as vinyl esters, in particular vinyl acetate, vinyl alcohols and / or vinyl ethers.
  • the residual solvent content should be below 1% by weight.
  • An adhesive which is particularly suitable is a low molecular weight acrylate hot melt pressure-sensitive adhesive, such as that marketed under the name acResin UV or Acronal®, in particular Acronal DS 3458, by BASF.
  • This adhesive with a low K value obtains its application-oriented properties through a final radiation-induced crosslinking.
  • an adhesive which consists of the group of natural rubbers or synthetic rubbers or of any blend of natural rubbers and / or synthetic rubbers, wherein the natural rubber or natural rubbers in principle from all available qualities such as crepe, RSS, ADS , TSR or CV types, depending on the required level of purity and viscosity, and the synthetic rubber or the synthetic rubbers from the group of random copolymerized styrene-butadiene rubbers (SBR), butadiene rubbers (BR), the synthetic polyisoprenes ( IR), butyl rubbers (IIR), halogenated butyl rubbers (XIIR), acrylate rubbers (ACM), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA) and polyurethanes and / or blends thereof.
  • SBR random copolymerized styrene-butadiene rubbers
  • BR butadiene rubbers
  • IR butyl rubbers
  • XIIR halogenated butyl rubbers
  • thermoplastic elastomers having a weight proportion of 10 to 50% by weight, based on the total elastomer content.
  • SIS styrene-isoprene-styrene
  • SBS styrene-butadiene-styrene
  • tackifying resins all previously known adhesive resins described in the literature can be used without exception. Mention may be made representative of the rosins, their disproportionated, hydrogenated, polymerized, esterified derivatives and salts, the aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon resins, terpene resins and terpene phenolic resins. Any combination of these and other resins can be used to adjust the properties of the resulting adhesive as desired. On the presentation of the knowledge in the " Handbook of Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Technology "by Donatas Satas (van Nostrand, 1989 ) is explicitly pointed out.
  • Hydrocarbon resin is a collective term for thermoplastic, colorless to intense brown colored polymers having a molecular weight of generally ⁇ 2000.
  • coal tar resins In petroleum, coal tar and terpene resins.
  • the most important coal tar resins are the coumarone-indene resins.
  • the hydrocarbon resins are obtained by polymerization of the unsaturated compounds which can be isolated from the raw materials.
  • hydrocarbon resins are also calculated by polymerization of monomers such as styrene or by polycondensation (certain formaldehyde resins) accessible polymers having a correspondingly low molecular weight.
  • Hydrocarbon resins are products with a softening range varying from ⁇ 0 ° C (at 20 ° C liquid hydrocarbon resins) to> 200 ° C in a wide range and a density of about 0.9 to 1.2 g / cm 3 .
  • Rosin resin is understood to mean a natural resin derived from the crude resin of conifers. A distinction is made between three types of rosin: balsam resin as distillation residue of turpentine oil, root resin as extract of coniferous rootstocks and tall resin, the distillation residue of tall oil. The most important in terms of quantity is balsam resin.
  • Rosin is a brittle, transparent product of red to brown color. It is insoluble in water but soluble in many organic solvents such as (chlorinated) aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, esters, ethers and ketones as well as in vegetable and mineral oils.
  • organic solvents such as (chlorinated) aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, esters, ethers and ketones as well as in vegetable and mineral oils.
  • the softening point of rosin is in the range of about 70 to 80 ° C.
  • Rosin is a mixture of about 90% resin acids and 10% neutral substances (fatty acid esters, terpene alcohols and hydrocarbons).
  • the most important rosin resin acids are unsaturated carboxylic acids of the general formula C20H3002, abietic, neoabietic, levopimaric, pimaric, isopimaric, and palustric acids, in addition to hydrogenated and dehydrated abietic acid.
  • softener it is possible to use all known softening substances. These include, among others, the paraffinic and naphthenic oils, (functionalized) oligomers such as oligobutadienes, isoprenes, liquid nitrile rubbers, liquid terpene resins, vegetable and animal oils and fats, phthalates, functionalized acrylates.
  • paraffinic and naphthenic oils such as oligobutadienes, isoprenes, liquid nitrile rubbers, liquid terpene resins, vegetable and animal oils and fats, phthalates, functionalized acrylates.
  • thermally activatable chemical crosslinkers such as accelerated sulfur or sulfur donor systems, isocyanate systems, reactive melamine, formaldehyde and (optionally halogenated) phenol-formaldehyde resins or reactive phenolic resin or diisocyanate crosslinking systems with the corresponding activators, are epoxidized polyesters - And acrylate resins and their combinations used.
  • the crosslinkers are preferably activated at temperatures above 50 ° C, in particular at temperatures of 100 ° C to 160 ° C, most preferably at temperatures of 110 ° C to 140 ° C.
  • the thermal excitation of the crosslinker can also be effected by IR radiation or high-energy alternating fields.
  • the adhesives which are to be used according to the invention are transparent or translucent, they are designed in such a way that absorption of the laser beam, which would lead to their destruction, is precluded. In particular, it is desirable if the adhesive does not absorb light within the wavelength range of 530 to 1064 nm.
  • the laser-sensitive pigment is preferably applied to the first adhesive layer in the form of a solvent suspension, for example an isopropanol suspension.
  • the first adhesive view on the surface is in particular dissolved, so that the pigment can be deposited in the edge region of the adhesive layer, namely the boundary layer, by swelling of the adhesive polymer matrix, while Evaporates solvent.
  • the boundary layer forms the pigment layer containing the laser-sensitive pigment.
  • the boundary layer has a thickness of 2 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m.
  • Suitable additives are in particular color pigments and metal salts.
  • pigments of Firm TherMark find use, for example TherMark 120-30F, which are metal oxides, for example molybdenum trioxide.
  • mixtures of several pigments or blends of pigments and glass particles, such as are available from Merck can be used, which can lead to a sintering process.
  • the additive can be used in addition to the additive titanium dioxide.
  • additives are added to the suspension to form the layer (such as in DE G 81 30 861 described) in particular of the order of a few parts per thousand to a maximum of 10 percent, preferably in amounts of 0.1 to 10 wt .-%, in particular from 0.5 to 6 wt .-% based on the total weight of the layer, admixed, namely most advantageously in concentrations of 0.5% by weight, 1% by weight, and 2.5% by weight and 4% by weight.
  • the laser beam penetrates through the carrier layer and the adhesive layer and strikes the pigment.
  • the energy is absorbed, and there is a sublimation process in which the pigment is transferred to the substrate and forms a permanent and stable bond with the substrate. It will get sharp, high-contrast labels and markings.
  • the known direct and indirect application methods are suitable.
  • Acrylic hotmelts can be applied to the mentioned supports in addition to the standard application methods such as direct coating from nozzles, over rollers and the like. also apply in the transfer process, as under DE 43 24 748 C2 be revealed.
  • the adhesive is first applied to an endlessly circulating, antiadhesive equipped Gurtband and then transferred in a laminating station, if necessary using pressure and temperature to improve the Masseverank réelle- on the carrier material.
  • an application of the adhesive from organic solvents or as an aqueous dispersion is possible;
  • the economic and environmental benefits of the hotmelt dosage form are obvious.
  • the adhesive and the layer containing the laser-sensitive pigment can be screen-dot-like by screen printing (FIG. DE 42 37 252 C2 ), wherein the adhesive dots may also be distributed differently and / or differently ( EP 0 353 972 B1 ), by gravure ( DE 43 08 649 C2 ) are applied in longitudinal and transverse contiguous webs, by screen printing or by flexographic printing.
  • Both layers may preferably be in dome form by screen printing or applied in a different pattern such as grids, stripes, zigzag lines and, for example, by gravure. Furthermore, it can also be sprayed on, for example, which results in a more or less irregular application pattern.
  • these are applied in the form of polygeometric calottes.
  • the calottes can have different shapes. Preferred are flattened hemispheres.
  • the printing of other shapes and patterns on the substrate is possible, such as a printed image in the form of alphanumeric character combinations or patterns such as grids, stripes, the further accumulation of calotte and zigzag lines.
  • aspired porous adhesive coating is for the subject invention as homogeneous, smooth, air-free and impermeable adhesive coating advantage. If instead of the above-described structured surface, however, a smooth and homogeneous surface of the intermediate carrier is selected, these requirements can be met.
  • the basic body for the intermediate carrier can be chosen from all common materials for such purposes. Woven webbings made of glass fiber, polyester, polyamide or Nomex®, a fiber material from DuPont, are particularly advantageous. But also blankets, plastic straps and the like have been found to be favorable. When fabric tapes are selected, it is beneficial to use those already provided with a substantially unstructured plastic surface finish. This latter coating promotes the adhesion and uniformity of the actual surface coating on the body. The surface coating itself ensures the desired easy transfer of the adhesive mass from the intermediate carrier to the final carrier.
  • this surface of the intermediate carrier is coated with an anti-adhesive layer, for example, of crosslinked silicone rubber or fluoropolymers such as Teflon®.
  • the laser transfer film according to the invention exhibits excellent properties, in particular much better, than the transfer films which have laser-sensitive pigments in a homogeneous distribution within the adhesive layer.
  • the adhesive can be greatly adversely affected in its temporary adhesive property (Klebmasseumspulungen) and in the transfer of the pigments in or on the component.
  • the film according to the invention does not show the negative effects on coatings and plastic sheets (PP) due to the pigmented boundary layer to the bonding component, but a permanent inscription on the component.
  • a very good labeling result is achieved. It also shows a surprisingly low level of smoke.
  • the lettering showed a slightly wider but strongly high-contrast lettering directly after the lettering. After a polish, the contrast diminishes a little, but the contours of the font become a little sharper.
  • the film of the invention can be used outstandingly the film of the invention, such as on ceramic base of fuses the company Osram or generally on glass.
  • the advantages come into their own, the label can be applied to the component and laser-engraved. After the lettering it will be deducted. The process is finished.
  • the laser transfer film according to the invention can be wound as an endless roll, this in the form of an Archimedean spiral around mostly a cardboard tube, and as a punched Be offered label.
  • the latter can have any desired shape, perfectly adapted to the particular application.
  • FIG. 1 the construction of a film according to the invention in the form of a label is shown.
  • the film is composed of the carrier layer 1, the first adhesive view 2, which is applied over the entire area to the carrier material 1 and composed of the layer 3 containing the laser-sensitive pigment.
  • the layer 3 is also applied over the entire surface.
  • FIG. 2 shows the structure of a film according to the invention in the form of a label, wherein in addition a second adhesive view 4 is applied.
  • This adhesive layer has been applied only partially in the form of individual calottes. These serve as breakpoints or positioning of the film on the ground.
  • the FIG. 3 discloses the process of labeling a component 5 using the film of the invention.
  • the laser transfer film preferably in the form of a label, applied to the component 5, wherein through the adhesive layer 2 a Liability and fixation of the label is achieved.
  • the labeling is carried out by means of a laser, which is indicated by the red cylinder.
  • the transfer film is removed on the component remains the desired label 6 back.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Decoration By Transfer Pictures (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Abstract

Laser transfer film for durable inscription on components made from at least one backing layer, where on at least part of the underside of the backing layer there is an adhesion layer, wherein a pigment layer which comprises at least one laser-sensitive pigment has been applied to at least part of the adhesion layer and/or backing layer.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Laser-Transferfolie zum dauerhaften Beschriften von Bauteilen aus einer Trägerschicht, wobei auf der unteren Seite der Trägerschicht eine Klebeschicht mit pigmentierter Grenzschicht vorhanden ist.The invention relates to a laser transfer film for permanently inscribing components from a carrier layer, wherein an adhesive layer with pigmented boundary layer is present on the lower side of the carrier layer.

Zur Kennzeichnung von Bauteilen an Fahrzeugen, Maschinen, elektrischen und elektronischen Geräten finden unter anderem technische Etiketten Verwendung, so als Typenschilder, als Steueretiketten für Prozeßabläufe sowie als Garantie- und Prüfplaketten.For the identification of components on vehicles, machines, electrical and electronic devices, technical labels are used, such as nameplates, control labels for process sequences and as warranty and inspection labels.

Die Kennzeichnung mittels Laseretiketten und bedruckter oder lackierter Metallschilder besitzt gerade in der Automobilindustrie, insbesondere für hochwertige Markierungen, einen zunehmenden Stellenwert. Auf diese Weise werden Informationen und Hinweise wie Reifendruck oder Treibstoffart für den späteren Nutzer auf verschiedensten Bauteilen des Automobils plaziert. Auch in den vorgeschalteten Fertigungsstufen können wichtige Produktionsdaten über ein Laseretikett transportiert werden.
Für diese Anwendung kann das Etikett mit einem Barcode beschriftet werden. Durch ein geeignetes Lesegerät erhält ein Montageteam die Möglichkeit, direkt an der Fertigungsstraße, Informationen über Modell, Farbe und Sonderausstattung durch den Barcode auszulesen.
Neben diesen Standardinformationen werden aber auch sensible Sicherheitsdaten wie Fahrgestell- und Identifikationsnummern durch Etiketten am Fahrzeug plaziert. Im Falle von Diebstahl oder Unfall sind diese Informationen für eine Rückverfolgung von Fahrzeug und Fertigungsstufen von großer Bedeutung.The marking by means of laser labels and printed or painted metal signs is becoming increasingly important, especially in the automotive industry, especially for high-quality markings. In this way, information and instructions such as tire pressure or fuel type for the future user on a variety of components of the car are placed. Even in the upstream production stages, important production data can be transported via a laser label.
For this application, the label can be labeled with a barcode. With a suitable reader, an assembly team has the opportunity to read information about the model, color and special features from the barcode directly on the production line.
In addition to this standard information, however, sensitive safety data such as chassis and identification numbers are also placed on the vehicle by means of labels. In the event of theft or accident, this information is of great importance for tracing the vehicle and manufacturing stages.

Das eingesetzte Etikettenmaterial muß daher, um Manipulationsversuchen entgegenzuwirken, möglichst fälschungssicher sein. Es darf sich nicht zerstörungsfrei vom Verklebungsgrund ablösen.
Zusätzliche Sicherheit wird über die hohe Brüchigkeit des Materials in Kombination mit hohen Klebkräften erreicht. Die Klebkraft des Materials auf dem Haftgrund spielt eine große Rolle. Sie ist für den Widerstand gegen einen Manipulationsversuch durch Ablösen ausschlaggebend.The label material used must therefore counteract manipulation attempts, as far as possible forgery-proof. It must not be detached from the bonding surface in a non-destructive way.
Additional safety is achieved through the high brittleness of the material in combination with high bond strengths. The adhesive force of the material on the primer plays a major role. It is decisive for the resistance to a manipulation attempt by detachment.

Neben dem Standardmaterial gibt es modifizierte Etiketten, die durch weitere Sicherheitsmerkmale wie Prägungen, Hologramme oder einen bleibenden UV-Abdruck (footprint) eine Nachahmung des Materials unmöglich machen sollen.In addition to the standard material, there are modified labels that are to make it impossible to imitate the material by further security features such as embossing, holograms or a permanent UV footprint.

Leistungsfähige steuerbare Laser zum Einbrennen von Markierungen wie Schriften, Codierungen und dergleichen sind verbreitet. An das zu beschriftende beziehungsweise das zur Beschriftung eingesetzte Material werden unter anderem folgende Anforderungen gestellt:

  • Es soll schnell beschriftbar sein.
  • Es soll ein hohes räumliches Auflösungsvermögen erreicht werden.
  • Es soll in der Anwendung möglichst einfach sein.
  • Die Zersetzungsprodukte sollen nicht korrosiv wirken.
Powerful controllable lasers for baking markings such as fonts, encodings and the like are widespread. Amongst others, the following requirements are imposed on the material to be inscribed or used for inscription:
  • It should be writable quickly.
  • It should be achieved a high spatial resolution.
  • It should be as simple as possible in the application.
  • The decomposition products should not be corrosive.

Darüber hinaus werden für besondere Fälle zusätzliche Eigenschaftsmerkmale gefordert:

  • Die mittels Belaserung hergestellten Zeichen sollen so kontrastreich sein, daß sie auch unter ungünstigen Bedingungen über weite Entfernungen fehlerfrei gelesen werden können.
  • Hohe Temperaturbeständigkeit soll gegeben sein, beispielsweise bis über 200 °C.
  • Gute Beständigkeit gegen Bewitterung, Wasser und Lösungsmittel ist erwünscht.
In addition, special features are required for special cases:
  • The signs produced by means of the textures should be so rich in contrast that they can be read error-free even over unfavorable conditions over long distances.
  • High temperature resistance should be given, for example to over 200 ° C.
  • Good resistance to weathering, water and solvents is desired.

Beim Einsatz von flachen, scharfen Klingen gelingt es, Etiketten vollständig vom Substrat abzutrennen. Besonders auf Kunststoffuntergründen wie Polyethylen oder Polypropylen zeigt der Verbund zwischen Klebmasse und Untergrund Schwächen.When using flat, sharp blades, labels can be completely separated from the substrate. Especially on plastic substrates such as polyethylene or polypropylene shows the bond between adhesive and substrate weaknesses.

Trotz einer erhöhten Klebkraft auf metallischen oder lackierten Substraten ist es auch dort möglich, durch Einsatz spezieller Werkzeuge einen Teil der Etiketten ohne Zerstörung abzulösen. Ein spezielles Klingenwerkzeug kann in einem flachen Winkel unter das Etikett geführt werden. Durch vorsichtige Schneidebewegungen ist es möglich, eine Kante anzuheben, wodurch ein so genannter Anfasser entsteht. Auf diese Welse erzeugt man einen Angriffspunkt, der ein Ablösen vereinfacht.Despite increased adhesion to metallic or painted substrates, it is also possible there to replace part of the labels without destruction by using special tools. A special blade tool can be placed under the label at a shallow angle. By careful cutting movements, it is possible to raise an edge, creating a so-called grip. On this catfish one creates a point of attack, which simplifies a detachment.

Falls die Beschriftungen nicht mit einem Laseretikett auf das Bauteil aufgebracht werden sonder mittels Aufdruck, besteht für Dritte leicht die Möglichkeit die Beschriftung abzuwaschen oder abzurubbeln. Auch reicht oft das einfache Reiben des beschrifteten Gegenstands an einem zweiten Gegenstand, zum Beispiel einer Verpackung, um die die einzelnen Buchstaben oder Ziffern zu schwächenIf the labels are not applied to the component with a laser label, but by means of an imprint, it is easy for third parties to wash off or scrub the label. Also, often simply rubbing the labeled object on a second article, for example, a package to weaken the individual letters or numbers

Die US 5,914,165 A1 beschreibt einen Mehrschichtverbund, bestehend aus einer Oberschicht (second layer 12), einer Zwischenträgerschicht (first layer 11) und einer auf der unteren Seite der Zwischenträgerschicht aufgebrachten Kleberschicht (14).
In der Oberschicht (second layer 12) können sich lasersensible Pigmente befinden.The US 5,914,165 A1 describes a multilayer composite consisting of an upper layer (second layer 12), an intermediate carrier layer (first layer 11) and an adhesive layer (14) applied to the lower side of the intermediate carrier layer.
The upper layer (second layer 12) may contain laser-sensitive pigments.

Die EP 0 845 767 A1 beschreibt ein Etikett mit einer Trägerschicht, bevorzugt einer Trägerfolie, auf deren Unterseite eine Klebemasse aufgebracht ist. In der Klebemasse ist eine Markierungssubstanz homogen verteilt. Die Markierungssubstanz ist dabei in der Lage, durch die Klebemassenschicht zu migrieren und in das Substrat, auf dem das Etikett aufgebracht ist, zu penetrieren.The EP 0 845 767 A1 describes a label with a carrier layer, preferably a carrier film, on the underside of an adhesive is applied. In the adhesive, a marking substance is homogeneously distributed. The marking substance is able to migrate through the layer of adhesive and to penetrate into the substrate on which the label is applied.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Laser-Transferfolie zu schaffen, die das schnelle und präzise Beschriften beliebiger Bauteile ermöglicht, die der genannten Forderung der verbesserten Fälschungssicherheit gerecht wird, die selbst mit Hilfe eines Schneidewerkzeugs nicht zerstörungsfrei ablösbar ist, dabei weiterhin insbesondere hohen Kontrast, hohes Auflösungsvermögen, hohe Temperaturbeständigkeit und einfache Anwendungsmöglichkeit aufweist.The object of the invention is to provide a laser transfer film which enables the rapid and precise labeling of arbitrary components, which meets the stated requirement of improved security against counterfeiting, which is not destructively detachable even with the aid of a cutting tool, while continuing in particular high contrast, high resolution, high temperature resistance and easy to use has.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Laser-Transferfolie, wie sie gemäß Hauptanspruch beschrieben ist. Gegenstand der Unteransprüche sind besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen des Erfindungsgegenstands sowie die Verwendung desselben.This object is achieved by a laser transfer film, as described in the main claim. The subject of the dependent claims are particularly advantageous embodiments of the subject invention and the use thereof.

Dementsprechend betrifft die Erfindung eine Laser-Transferfolie zum dauerhaften Beschriften von Bauteilen aus zumindest einer Trägerschicht, wobei auf der unteren Seite der Trägerschicht eine Klebeschicht vollflächig vorhanden ist, wobei die Trägerschicht und die Klebeschicht transparent oder transluzent sind und nicht einen Laserstrahl absorbieren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf der unteren Seite der Klebeschicht vollflächig eine Pigmentschicht aufgetragen ist, die zumindest ein lasersensibles Pigment, das die Energie eines Laserstrahls absorbiert und sublimiert, enthält.Accordingly, the invention relates to a laser transfer film for permanent marking of components of at least one carrier layer, wherein on the lower side of the carrier layer, an adhesive layer is present over the entire surface, wherein the carrier layer and the adhesive layer are transparent or translucent and do not absorb a laser beam, characterized that on the lower side of the adhesive layer is applied over its entire surface a pigment layer which contains at least one laser-sensitive pigment which absorbs and sublimates the energy of a laser beam.

Vorzugsweise besteht das Grundgerüst der die lasersensiblen Pigmente enthaltenden Schicht ebenfalls aus dem Kleber der Klebeschicht, so daß die erste Klebeschicht und die Pigmentschicht eine einzige homogene Schicht bilden. Lediglich im Randbereich der homogenen Schicht, und zwar auf der der Trägerschicht abgewandten Seite, sind in einem insbesondere schmalen Bereich der homogenen Schicht die Pigmente verteilt, bilden demgemäß eine Art Grenzschicht.Preferably, the backbone of the layer containing the laser-sensitive pigments also consists of the adhesive of the adhesive layer, so that the first adhesive layer and the pigment layer form a single homogeneous layer. Only in the edge region of the homogeneous layer, specifically on the side facing away from the carrier layer, are the pigments distributed in a particularly narrow region of the homogeneous layer, thus forming a kind of boundary layer.

Um die Haftungseigenschaften der Laser-Transferfolie auf dem zu beschriftendem Bauteil weiter zu verbessern, ist vorzugsweise eine zweite Klebstoffschichcht auf die das lasersensible Pigment enthaltende Pigmentschicht aufgetragen ist.In order to further improve the adhesion properties of the laser transfer film on the component to be inscribed, a second adhesive layer is preferably applied to the pigment layer containing the laser-sensitive pigment.

Insbesondere kann die zweite Klebstoffschicht in Form von Dots oder im Siebdruck aufgebracht sein, gegebenenfalls auch als Randbedruckung, so daß die Transferfolie in beliebiger Art und Weise auf dem Untergrund verklebt werden kann.In particular, the second adhesive layer may be applied in the form of dots or by screen printing, optionally also as edge printing, so that the transfer film can be bonded to the substrate in any desired manner.

Vorzugsweise werden die Dicken der einzelnen Schichten gewählt aus folgenden Bereichen: Trägerschicht (bevorzugt PET) 12 µm bis 240 µm, besonders 25 µm bis 100 µm Klebemasse (bevorzugt Acrylat) 5 µm bis 45 µm, besonders 10 µm bis 25 µm Pigmentschicht 1 µm bis 10 µm, besonders 2 µm bis 5 µm Preferably, the thicknesses of the individual layers are selected from the following ranges: Carrier layer (preferably PET) 12 μm to 240 μm, especially 25 μm to 100 μm Adhesive (preferably acrylate) 5 μm to 45 μm, especially 10 μm to 25 μm pigment layer 1 μm to 10 μm, especially 2 μm to 5 μm

Die Folien, die erfindungsgemäß Verwendung finden sollen, müssen transparent und/oder transluzent sein, zumindest müssen sie derart gestaltet sein, daß eine Absorption des Laserstrahls, der zu einer Zerstörung derselben führen würde, ausgeschlossen ist.
Insbesondere ist es wünschenswert, wenn das Trägermaterial innerhalb des Wellenlängenbereichs von 530 bis 1064 nm kein Licht absorbiert.The films which are to be used according to the invention must be transparent and / or translucent; at least they must be designed in such a way that absorption of the laser beam, which would lead to their destruction, is precluded.
In particular, it is desirable if the support material does not absorb light within the wavelength range of 530 to 1064 nm.

Erfindungsgemäß als Trägermaterial lassen sich vorzugsweise Folien einsetzen, die in einer weiteren hervorragend ausgestalteten Variante der Erfindung transparent sind, insbesondere monoaxial und biaxial gereckte Folien auf Basis von Polyolefinen, dann Folien auf Basis von gerecktem Polyethylen oder gereckten Copolymeren, enthaltend Ethylen- und/oder Polypropyleneinheiten, gegebenenfalls auch PVC-Folien, Folien auf Basis von Vinylpolymeren, Polyamiden, Polyester, Polyacetalen, Polycarbonaten. Insbesondere PET-Folien sind hervorragend als Träger geeignet.According to the invention as support material can be preferably used films which are transparent in a further excellently designed variant of the invention, in particular monoaxially and biaxially stretched films based on polyolefins, then films based on stretched polyethylene or stretched copolymers containing Ethylene and / or polypropylene units, optionally also PVC films, films based on vinyl polymers, polyamides, polyesters, polyacetals, polycarbonates. In particular, PET films are outstandingly suitable as a carrier.

Auch Folien auf Basis von gerecktem Polyethylen oder gereckten Copolymeren, enthaltend Ethylen- und/oder Polypropyleneinheiten, lassen sich als Trägerfolie erfindungsgemäß einsetzen.Also films based on stretched polyethylene or stretched copolymers containing ethylene and / or polypropylene units, can be used according to the invention as a carrier film.

Monoaxial gerecktes Polypropylen zeichnet sich durch seine sehr hohe Reißfestigkeit und geringe Dehnung in Längsrichtung aus. Bevorzugt zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Etiketten sind monoaxial gereckte Folien auf Basis von Polypropylen.Monoaxially stretched polypropylene is characterized by its very high tensile strength and low elongation in the longitudinal direction. Preferred for the production of labels according to the invention are monoaxially stretched films based on polypropylene.

Besonders bevorzugt für die erfindungsgemäßen Laser-Transferfolien sind einschichtige, biaxial oder monoaxial gereckte Folien und mehrschichtige, biaxiale oder monoaxiale Folien auf Basis von Polypropylen, die einen ausreichend festen Verbund zwischen den Schichten aufweisen, da ein Delaminieren der Schichten während der Anwendung nachteilig ist.Especially preferred for the laser transfer films according to the invention are single-layer, biaxially or monoaxially stretched films and multilayered, biaxial or monoaxial films based on polypropylene, which have a sufficiently strong bond between the layers, since delamination of the layers during use is disadvantageous.

Folien auf Basis von Hart-PVC werden zur Herstellung von Laser-Transferfolien ebenso verwendet wie Folien auf Basis von Weich-PVC.Films based on rigid PVC are used for the production of laser transfer films as well as films based on soft PVC.

Für die erfindungsgemäßen Laser-Transferfolien werden vorzugsweise Folien verwendet auf Basis von Hart-PVC.For the laser transfer films according to the invention, films based on rigid PVC are preferably used.

Folien auf Polyesterbasis, zum Beispiel Polyethylenterephthalat sind ebenfalls bekannt und können ebenso zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Transferfolien eingesetzt werden.Polyester-based films, for example polyethylene terephthalate, are likewise known and can likewise be used for the production of the transfer films according to the invention.

Polyester sind Polymere, deren Grundbausteine durch Ester-Bindungen (-CO-O-) zusammengehalten werden. Nach ihrem chemischen Aufbau lassen sich die sogenannten Homopolyester in zwei Gruppen einteilen,

  • die Hydroxycarbonsäure-Typen (AB-Polyester) und
  • die Dihydroxy-Dicarbonsäure-Typen (AA-BB-Polyester).
Polyesters are polymers whose basic building blocks are held together by ester bonds (-CO-O-). According to their chemical structure, the so-called homopolyesters can be divided into two groups,
  • the hydroxycarboxylic acid types (AB-polyester) and
  • the dihydroxy-dicarboxylic acid types (AA-BB polyester).

Erstere werden aus nur einem einzigen Monomer durch zum Beispiel Polykondensation einer ω-Hydroxycarbonsäure 1 oder durch Ringöffnungspolymerisation cyclischer Ester (Lactone) 2 hergestellt, zum Beispiel

Figure imgb0001
The former are prepared from only a single monomer by, for example, polycondensation of an ω-hydroxycarboxylic acid 1 or by ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters (lactones) 2, for example
Figure imgb0001

Der Aufbau letzterer erfolgt dagegen durch Polykondensation zweier komplementärer Monomerer, zum Beispiel einem Diol 3 und einer Dicarbonsäure 4:

Figure imgb0002
On the other hand, the latter is synthesized by polycondensation of two complementary monomers, for example a diol 3 and a dicarboxylic acid 4:
Figure imgb0002

Verzweigte und vernetzte Polyester werden bei der Polykondensation von drei- oder mehrwertigen Alkoholen mit polyfunktionellen Carbonsäuren erhalten. Zu den Polyestern werden allgemein auch die Polycarbonate (Polyester der Kohlensäure) gerechnet.Branched and crosslinked polyesters are obtained in the polycondensation of trihydric or polyhydric alcohols with polyfunctional carboxylic acids. The polyesters are generally also the polycarbonates (carbonic acid polyester) counted.

AB-Typ-Polyester (I) sind u. a. Polyglykolsäuren (Polyglykolide, R = CH2), Polymilchsäuren (Polylactide, R = CH-CH3), Polyhydroxybuttersäure [Poly(3-hydroxybuttersäure), R = CH(CH3)-CH2], Poly(ε-caprolacton)e [R = (CH2)5] und Polyhydroxybenzoesäuren (R = C6H4).AB type polyesters (I) are u. a. Polyglycolic acids (polyglycolides, R = CH2), polylactic acids (polylactides, R = CH-CH3), polyhydroxybutyric acid [poly (3-hydroxybutyric acid), R = CH (CH3) -CH2], poly (ε-caprolactone) e [R = ( CH2) 5] and polyhydroxybenzoic acids (R = C6H4).

Rein aliphatische AA-BB-Typ-Polyester (II) sind Polykondensate aus aliphatischen Diolen und Dicarbonsäuren, die u. a. als Produkte mit endständigen Hydroxy-Gruppen (als Polydiole) für die Herstellung von Polyesterpolyurethanen eingesetzt werden [zum Beispiel Polytetramethylenadipat; R1 = R2 = (CH2)4].
Mengenmäßig größte technische Bedeutung haben AA-BB-Typ-Polyester aus aliphatischen Diolen und aromatischen Dicarbonsäuren, insbesondere die Polyalkylenterephthalate [R2 = C6H4, mit Polyethylenterephthalat (PET) R1 = (CH2)2, Polybutylenterephthalat (PBT) R1 = (CH2)4 und Poly(1,4-cyclohexandimethylenterephthalat)e (PCDT) R1 = CH2-C6H10-CH2] als wichtigste Vertreter. Diese Typen von Polyester können durch Mitverwenden anderer aromatischer Dicarbonsäuren (zum Beispiel Isophthalsäure) beziehungsweise durch Einsatz von Diol-Gemischen bei der Polykondensation in ihren Eigenschaften breit variiert und unterschiedlichen Anwendungsgebieten angepaßt werden.Pure aliphatic AA-BB type polyesters (II) are polycondensates of aliphatic diols and dicarboxylic acids which are used, inter alia, as products having terminal hydroxyl groups (as polydiols) for the preparation of polyester polyurethanes [for example polytetramethylene adipate; R1 = R2 = (CH2) 4].
In terms of quantity, the largest technical significance is given to AA-BB-type polyesters of aliphatic diols and aromatic dicarboxylic acids, in particular the Polyalkylene terephthalate [R2 = C6H4, with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) R1 = (CH2) 2, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) R1 = (CH2) 4 and poly (1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate) s (PCDT) R1 = CH2-C6H10-CH2] as most important representatives. These types of polyesters can be widely varied in their properties by using other aromatic dicarboxylic acids (for example isophthalic acid) or by using diol mixtures in polycondensation and can be adapted to different fields of application.

Rein aromatische Polyester sind die Polyarylate, zu denen u. a. die Poly(4-hydroxybenzoesäure) (Formel I, R = C6H4), Polykondensate aus Bisphenol A und Phthalsäuren (Formel II, R1 = C6H4-C(CH3)2-C6H4, R2 = C6H4) oder auch solche aus Bisphenolen und Phosgen gehören.Purely aromatic polyesters are the polyarylates to which u. a. the poly (4-hydroxybenzoic acid) (formula I, R = C6H4), polycondensates of bisphenol A and phthalic acids (formula II, R1 = C6H4-C (CH3) 2-C6H4, R2 = C6H4) or also of bisphenols and phosgene ,

Die erfindungsgemäßen Laser-Transferfolien können eine Selbstklebemasse auf Basis von Naturkautschuk, PUR, Acrylaten oder Styrol-Isopren-Styrol-Blockcolymeren enthalten.The laser transfer films of the invention may contain a self-adhesive based on natural rubber, PUR, acrylates or styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymers.

Die Verwendung von Klebemassen auf Basis von Naturkautschuk, Acrylaten oder Styrol-Isopren-Stryrol ist bekannt, was auch zum Beispiel im " Handbook of pressure sensitive adhesive technologie, second edition, herausgegeben durch Donatas Satas, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1989 beschrieben wird.The use of adhesives based on natural rubber, acrylates or styrene-isoprene-styrene is known, which is also known, for example, in US Pat. Handbook of pressure-sensitive adhesive technology, second edition, edited by Donatas Satas, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1989 is described.

Als selbstklebende Masse kommt insbesondere eine handelsübliche druckempfindliche Klebmasse auf PUR, Acrylat- oder Kautschukbasis zum Einsatz.The self-adhesive composition used is in particular a commercially available pressure-sensitive adhesive based on PUR, acrylate or rubber.

Besonders vorteilhaft hat sich als Klebemasse eine solche auf Acrylathotmelt-Basis erwiesen, die einen K-Wert von mindestens 20 aufweist, insbesondere größer 30, erhältlich durch Aufkonzentrieren einer Lösung einer solchen Masse zu einem als Hotmelt verarbeitbaren System.As an adhesive, it has proven to be particularly advantageous to use an acrylate hotmelt base which has a K value of at least 20, in particular greater than 30, obtainable by concentrating a solution of such a composition into a system which can be processed as a hotmelt.

Das Aufkonzentrieren kann in entsprechend ausgerüsteten Kesseln oder Extrudern stattfinden, insbesondere beim damit einhergehenden Entgasen ist ein Entgasungsextruder bevorzugt.The concentration can take place in suitably equipped boilers or extruders, in particular in the concomitant degassing a vented extruder is preferred.

Eine derartige Klebemasse ist in der DE 43 13 008 A1 dargelegt, auf deren Inhalt hiermit Bezug genommen wird und deren Inhalt Teil dieser Offenbarung und Erfindung wird. Diesen auf diesem Wege hergestellten Acrylatmassen wird in einem Zwischenschritt das Lösungsmittel vollständig entzogen.
Zusätzlich werden dabei weitere leichtflüchtige Bestanteile entfernt. Nach der Beschichtung aus der Schmelze weisen diese Massen nur noch geringe Anteile an flüchtigen Bestandteilen auf. Somit können alle im oben angeführten Patent beanspruchten Monomere/Rezepturen übernommen werden. Ein weiterer Vorteil der im Patent beschriebenen Massen ist darin zu sehen, daß diese einen hohen K-Wert und damit ein hohes Molekulargewicht aufweisen. Dem Fachmann ist bekannt, daß sich Systeme mit höheren Molekulargewichten effizienter vernetzen lassen. Damit sinkt entsprechend der Anteil an flüchtigen Bestandteilen.Such an adhesive is in the DE 43 13 008 A1 , the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference and the content of which will become part of this disclosure and invention. These acrylate masses produced in this way are completely removed from the solvent in an intermediate step.
In addition, further volatile constituents are removed. After coating from the melt, these materials have only low levels of volatile components. Thus, all claimed in the above-mentioned patent monomers / formulations can be adopted. Another advantage of the compositions described in the patent is the fact that they have a high K value and thus a high molecular weight. It is known to those skilled in the art that systems with higher molecular weights can be crosslinked more efficiently. This reduces the proportion of volatile components accordingly.

Die Lösung der Masse kann 5 bis 80 Gew.-%, insbesondere 30 bis 70 Gew.-% Lösungsmittel enthalten.The solution of the composition may contain from 5 to 80% by weight, in particular from 30 to 70% by weight, of solvent.

Vorzugsweise werden handelsübliche Lösungsmittel eingesetzt, insbesondere niedrig siedende Kohlenwasserstoffe, Ketone, Alkohole und/oder Ester.Commercially available solvents are preferably used, in particular low-boiling hydrocarbons, ketones, alcohols and / or esters.

Weiter vorzugsweise werden Einschnecken-, Zweischnecken- oder Mehrschneckenextruder mit einer oder insbesondere zwei oder mehreren Entgasungseinheiten eingesetzt. In der Klebemasse auf Acrylathotmelt-Basis können Benzoinderivate einpolymerisiert sein, so beispielsweise Benzoinacrylat oder Benzoinmethacrylat, Acrylsäure- oder Methacrylsäureester. Derartige Benzoinderivate sind in der EP 0 578 151 A1 beschrieben.Further preferably, single-screw, twin-screw or multi-screw extruders with one or in particular two or more degassing units are used. In the adhesive based on Acrylathotmelt-based benzoin derivatives may be copolymerized, such as benzoin acrylate or benzoin methacrylate, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid ester. Such benzoin derivatives are in the EP 0 578 151 A1 described.

Die Klebemasse auf Acrylathotmelt-Basis kann aber auch chemisch vernetzt sein.The adhesive on Acrylathotmelt-based but can also be chemically crosslinked.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform werden als Selbstklebemassen Copolymerisate aus (Meth)acrylsäure und deren Estern mit 1 bis 25 C-Atomen, Malein-, Fumar- und/oder Itaconsäure und/oder deren Estern, substituierten (Meth)acrylamiden, Maleinsäureanhydrid und anderen Vinylverbindungen, wie Vinylestern, insbesondere Vinylacetat, Vinylalkoholen und/oder Vinylethern eingesetzt.
Der Restlösungsmittel-Gehalt sollte unter 1 Gew.-% betragen.In a particularly preferred embodiment, self-adhesive compositions of (meth) acrylic acid and esters thereof having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, maleic, fumaric and / or itaconic acid and / or their esters, substituted (meth) acrylamides, maleic anhydride and other vinyl compounds , used as vinyl esters, in particular vinyl acetate, vinyl alcohols and / or vinyl ethers.
The residual solvent content should be below 1% by weight.

Eine Klebemasse, die sich als besonders geeignet zeigt, ist eine niedermolekulare Acrylatschmelzhaftklebemasse, wie sie unter der Bezeichnung acResin UV oder Acronal ®, insbesondere Acronal DS 3458, von der BASF geführt wird. Diese Klebemasse mit niedrigem K-Wert erhält ihre anwendungsgerechten Eigenschaften durch eine abschließende strahlenchemisch ausgelöste Vernetzung.An adhesive which is particularly suitable is a low molecular weight acrylate hot melt pressure-sensitive adhesive, such as that marketed under the name acResin UV or Acronal®, in particular Acronal DS 3458, by BASF. This adhesive with a low K value obtains its application-oriented properties through a final radiation-induced crosslinking.

Weiterhin kann eine Klebemasse verwendet werden, die aus der Gruppe der Naturkautschuke oder der Synthesekautschuke oder aus einem beliebigen Blend aus Naturkautschuken und/oder Synthesekautschuken besteht, wobei der Naturkautschuk oder die Naturkautschuke grundsätzlich aus allen erhältlichen Qualitäten wie zum Beispiel Crepe-, RSS-, ADS-, TSR- oder CV-Typen, je nach benötigtem Reinheits- und Viskositätsniveau, und der Synthesekautschuk oder die Synthesekautschuke aus der Gruppe der statistisch copolymerisierten Styrol-Butadien-Kautschuke (SBR), der Butadien-Kautschuke (BR), der synthetischen Polyisoprene (IR), der Butyl-Kautschuke (IIR), der halogenierten Butyl-Kautschuke (XIIR), der Acrylatkautschuke (ACM), der Etylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymeren (EVA) und der Polyurethane und/oder deren Blends gewählt werden können.Furthermore, an adhesive may be used which consists of the group of natural rubbers or synthetic rubbers or of any blend of natural rubbers and / or synthetic rubbers, wherein the natural rubber or natural rubbers in principle from all available qualities such as crepe, RSS, ADS , TSR or CV types, depending on the required level of purity and viscosity, and the synthetic rubber or the synthetic rubbers from the group of random copolymerized styrene-butadiene rubbers (SBR), butadiene rubbers (BR), the synthetic polyisoprenes ( IR), butyl rubbers (IIR), halogenated butyl rubbers (XIIR), acrylate rubbers (ACM), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA) and polyurethanes and / or blends thereof.

Weiterhin vorzugsweise können den Kautschuken zur Verbesserung der Verarbeitbarkeit thermoplastische Elastomere mit einem Gewichtsanteil von 10 bis 50 Gew.-% zugesetzt werden, und zwar bezogen auf den Gesamtelastomeranteil.
Stellvertretend genannt seien an dieser Stelle vor allem die besonders verträglichen Styrol-Isopren-Styrol- (SIS) und Styrol-Butadien-Styrol (SBS) -Typen.Further, it is preferable to add to the rubbers, for the purpose of improving the processability, thermoplastic elastomers having a weight proportion of 10 to 50% by weight, based on the total elastomer content.
Representative may be mentioned at this point especially the most compatible styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS) and styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) types.

Als klebrigmachende Harze sind ausnahmslos alle vorbekannten und in der Literatur beschriebenen Klebharze einsetzbar. Genannt seien stellvertretend die Kolophoniumharze, deren disproportionierte, hydrierte, polymerisierte, veresterte Derivate und Salze, die aliphatischen und aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffharze, Terpenharze und Terpenphenolharze. Beliebige Kombinationen dieser und weiterer Harze können eingesetzt werden, um die Eigenschaften der resultierenden Klebmasse wunschgemäß einzustellen. Auf die Darstellung des Wissensstandes im " Handbook of Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Technology" von Donatas Satas (van Nostrand, 1989 ) sei ausdrücklich hingewiesen.As tackifying resins, all previously known adhesive resins described in the literature can be used without exception. Mention may be made representative of the rosins, their disproportionated, hydrogenated, polymerized, esterified derivatives and salts, the aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon resins, terpene resins and terpene phenolic resins. Any combination of these and other resins can be used to adjust the properties of the resulting adhesive as desired. On the presentation of the knowledge in the " Handbook of Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Technology "by Donatas Satas (van Nostrand, 1989 ) is explicitly pointed out.

Kohlenwasserstoffharz ist eine Sammelbezeichnung für thermoplastische, farblose bis intensiv braun gefärbte Polymere mit einer Molmasse von im allgemeinen <2000.Hydrocarbon resin is a collective term for thermoplastic, colorless to intense brown colored polymers having a molecular weight of generally <2000.

Sie lassen sich nach ihrer Provenienz in drei große Gruppen einteilen: In Petroleum-, Kohlenteer- und Terpenharze. Die wichtigsten Kohlenteerharze sind die Cumaron-Inden-Harze. Die Kohlenwasserstoffharze werden durch Polymerisation der aus den Rohstoffen isolierbaren ungesättigten Verbindungen gewonnen.They can be classified according to their provenance in three major groups: In petroleum, coal tar and terpene resins. The most important coal tar resins are the coumarone-indene resins. The hydrocarbon resins are obtained by polymerization of the unsaturated compounds which can be isolated from the raw materials.

Zu den Kohlenwasserstoffharze werden auch durch Polymerisation von Monomeren wie Styrol beziehungsweise durch Polykondensationen (bestimmte Formaldehyd-Harze) zugängliche Polymere mit entsprechend niedriger Molmasse gerechnet. Kohlenwasserstoffharze sind Produkte mit in weiten Grenzen von <0 °C (bei 20 °C flüssige Kohlenwasserstoffharze) bis >200 °C variierendem Erweichungsbereich und einer Dichte von ca. 0,9 bis 1,2 g/cm3.The hydrocarbon resins are also calculated by polymerization of monomers such as styrene or by polycondensation (certain formaldehyde resins) accessible polymers having a correspondingly low molecular weight. Hydrocarbon resins are products with a softening range varying from <0 ° C (at 20 ° C liquid hydrocarbon resins) to> 200 ° C in a wide range and a density of about 0.9 to 1.2 g / cm 3 .

Sie sind löslich in organischen Lösungsmitteln wie Ethern, Estern, Ketonen und chlorierten Kohlenwasserstoffen, unlöslich in Alkoholen und Wasser.They are soluble in organic solvents such as ethers, esters, ketones and chlorinated hydrocarbons, insoluble in alcohols and water.

Unter Kolophoniumharz wird ein natürliches Harz verstanden, das aus dem Rohharz von Koniferen gewonnen wird. Man unterscheidet drei Kolophonium-Typen: Balsamharz als Destillationsrückstand von Terpentinöl, Wurzelharz als Extrakt von Koniferen-Wurzelstöcken und Tallharz, der Destillationsrückstand von Tallöl. Die mengenmäßig größte Bedeutung hat Balsamharz.Rosin resin is understood to mean a natural resin derived from the crude resin of conifers. A distinction is made between three types of rosin: balsam resin as distillation residue of turpentine oil, root resin as extract of coniferous rootstocks and tall resin, the distillation residue of tall oil. The most important in terms of quantity is balsam resin.

Kolophonium ist ein sprödes, transparentes Produkt von roter bis brauner Farbe. Es ist wasserunlöslich, löslich dagegen in vielen organischen Lösungsmitteln wie (chlorierten) aliphatischen und aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen, Estern, Ethern und Ketonen sowie in pflanzlichen und mineralischen Ölen. Der Erweichungspunkt von Kolophonium liegt im Bereich von ca. 70 bis 80 °C.Rosin is a brittle, transparent product of red to brown color. It is insoluble in water but soluble in many organic solvents such as (chlorinated) aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, esters, ethers and ketones as well as in vegetable and mineral oils. The softening point of rosin is in the range of about 70 to 80 ° C.

Kolophonium ist ein Gemisch aus ca. 90 % Harzsäuren und 10 % Neutral-Stoffen (Fettsäureester, Terpenalkohole und Kohlenwasserstoffe). Die wichtigsten Kolophonium-Harzsäuren sind ungesättigte Carbonsäuren der Bruttoformel C20H3002, Abietin-, Neoabietin-, Lävopimar-, Pimar-, Isopimar-, und Palustrinsäure, neben hydrierter und dehydrierter Abietinsäure.Rosin is a mixture of about 90% resin acids and 10% neutral substances (fatty acid esters, terpene alcohols and hydrocarbons). The most important rosin resin acids are unsaturated carboxylic acids of the general formula C20H3002, abietic, neoabietic, levopimaric, pimaric, isopimaric, and palustric acids, in addition to hydrogenated and dehydrated abietic acid.

Die Mengenverhältnisse dieser Säuren variieren in Abhängigkeit von der Provenienz des Kolophonlums.The proportions of these acids vary depending on the provenance of Kolophonlums.

Als Weichmacher können alle bekannten weichmachenden Substanzen eingesetzt werden. Dazu zählen unter anderem die paraffinischen und naphthenischen Öle, (funktionalisierte) Oligomere wie Oligobutadiene, -isoprene, flüssige Nitrilkautschuke, flüssige Terpenharze, pflanzliche und tierische Öle und Fette, Phthalate, funktionalisierte Acrylate.As softener, it is possible to use all known softening substances. These include, among others, the paraffinic and naphthenic oils, (functionalized) oligomers such as oligobutadienes, isoprenes, liquid nitrile rubbers, liquid terpene resins, vegetable and animal oils and fats, phthalates, functionalized acrylates.

Zum Zwecke der thermisch Induzierten chemischen Vernetzung sind alle vorbekannten thermisch aktivierbaren chemischen Vernetzer wie beschleunigte Schwefel- oder Schwefelspendersysteme, Isocyanatsysteme, reaktive Melamin-, Formaldehyd- und (optional halogenierter) Phenol-Formaldehydharze beziehungsweise reaktive Phenolharz- oder Diisocyanatvernetzungssysteme mit den entsprechenden Aktivatoren, epoxidierte Polyester- und Acrylat-Harze sowie deren Kombinationen einsetzbar.
Die Vernetzer werden vorzugsweise aktiviert bei Temperaturen über 50 °C, insbesondere bei Temperaturen von 100 °C bis 160 °C, ganz besonders bevorzugt bei Temperaturen von 110 °C bis 140 °C.
Die thermische Anregung der Vernetzer kann auch durch IR-Strahlen oder hochenergetische Wechselfelder erfolgen.For the purpose of thermally induced chemical crosslinking, all known thermally activatable chemical crosslinkers, such as accelerated sulfur or sulfur donor systems, isocyanate systems, reactive melamine, formaldehyde and (optionally halogenated) phenol-formaldehyde resins or reactive phenolic resin or diisocyanate crosslinking systems with the corresponding activators, are epoxidized polyesters - And acrylate resins and their combinations used.
The crosslinkers are preferably activated at temperatures above 50 ° C, in particular at temperatures of 100 ° C to 160 ° C, most preferably at temperatures of 110 ° C to 140 ° C.
The thermal excitation of the crosslinker can also be effected by IR radiation or high-energy alternating fields.

Die Klebemassen, die erfindungsgemäß Verwendung finden sollen, sind transparent oder transluzent, sie sind derart gestaltet, daß eine Absorption des Laserstrahls, der zu einer Zerstörung derselben führen würde, ausgeschlossen ist.
Insbesondere ist es wünschenswert, wenn die Klebemasse innerhalb des Wellenlängenbereichs von 530 bis 1064 nm kein Licht absorbiert.The adhesives which are to be used according to the invention are transparent or translucent, they are designed in such a way that absorption of the laser beam, which would lead to their destruction, is precluded.
In particular, it is desirable if the adhesive does not absorb light within the wavelength range of 530 to 1064 nm.

Das lasersensible Pigment wird vorzugsweise in Form einer Lösemittelsuspension, zum Beispiel einer Isopropanol-Suspension, auf die erste Klebeschicht aufgetragen.The laser-sensitive pigment is preferably applied to the first adhesive layer in the form of a solvent suspension, for example an isopropanol suspension.

Durch die Suspension wird die erste Klebstoffsicht an der Oberfläche insbesondere angelöst, so daß sich durch Aufquellung der Klebmassepolymermatrix das Pigment im Randbereich der Klebeschicht, eben der Grenzschicht, einlagern kann, während das Lösungsmittel abdampft. Die Grenzschicht bildet die das lasersensible Pigment enthaltende Pigmentschicht. Die Grenzschicht weist insbesondere eine Dicke von 2 µm bis 5 µm auf.As a result of the suspension, the first adhesive view on the surface is in particular dissolved, so that the pigment can be deposited in the edge region of the adhesive layer, namely the boundary layer, by swelling of the adhesive polymer matrix, while Evaporates solvent. The boundary layer forms the pigment layer containing the laser-sensitive pigment. In particular, the boundary layer has a thickness of 2 μm to 5 μm.

Geeignete Additive sind insbesondere Farbpigmente und Metallsalze. Insbesondere finden Pigmente der Firm TherMark Anwendung, zum Beispiel TherMark 120-30F, bei denen es sich um Metalloxide, zum Beispiel Molybdäntrioxid handelt. Des weiteren können Mischungen mehrerer Pigmente oder Abmischungen von Pigmenten und Glaspartikeln, wie sie bei der Firma Merck erhältlich sind, eingesetzt werden, die zu einem Sinterungsprozeß führen können.
Das Additiv kann zusätzlich zu dem Additiv Titandioxid verwendet werden.Suitable additives are in particular color pigments and metal salts. In particular, pigments of Firm TherMark find use, for example TherMark 120-30F, which are metal oxides, for example molybdenum trioxide. Furthermore, mixtures of several pigments or blends of pigments and glass particles, such as are available from Merck, can be used, which can lead to a sintering process.
The additive can be used in addition to the additive titanium dioxide.

Diese Additive werden der Suspension zur Bildung der Schicht (wie zum Beispiel in DE G 81 30 861 beschrieben) insbesondere in der Größenordnung von einigen Promille bis maximal 10 Prozent, bevorzugt in Mengen von 0,1 bis 10 Gew.-%, insbesondere von 0,5 bis 6 Gew.-% bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Schicht, zugemischt, und zwar ganz besonders vorteilhafterweise in Konzentrationen von 0,5 Gew.-%, 1 Gew.-%, und 2,5 Gew.-% und 4 Gew.- %.These additives are added to the suspension to form the layer (such as in DE G 81 30 861 described) in particular of the order of a few parts per thousand to a maximum of 10 percent, preferably in amounts of 0.1 to 10 wt .-%, in particular from 0.5 to 6 wt .-% based on the total weight of the layer, admixed, namely most advantageously in concentrations of 0.5% by weight, 1% by weight, and 2.5% by weight and 4% by weight.

Weiterhin sind verschiedene Pigmente der Firma Merck (beispielsweise die Perlglanzpigmente EM 143220 und BR 3-01) hervorragend geeignet und die TherMark-Pigmente ® 120-30 F (schwarz).Furthermore, various pigments from Merck (for example the pearlescent pigments EM 143220 and BR 3-01) are outstandingly suitable and the TherMark pigments ® 120-30 F (black).

Bei Nutzung der Standardlaser, speziell der weitverbreiteten Nd-YAG-Festkörperlaser mit einer Wellenlänge von 1,06 µm, dringt der Laserstrahl durch die Trägerschicht und die Klebeschicht und trifft auf das Pigment. Die Energie wird aufgenommen, und es kommt zu einem Sublimationsprozeß, in dem das Pigment auf den Untergrund übertragen wird und einen dauerhaften und beständigen Verbund mit dem Substrat eingeht.
Es werden scharfe, kontrastreiche Beschriftungen und Kennzeichnungen erhalten.When using the standard laser, especially the widely used Nd-YAG solid-state laser with a wavelength of 1.06 μm, the laser beam penetrates through the carrier layer and the adhesive layer and strikes the pigment. The energy is absorbed, and there is a sublimation process in which the pigment is transferred to the substrate and forms a permanent and stable bond with the substrate.
It will get sharp, high-contrast labels and markings.

Zum Auftrag der Klebemasse auf das Trägermaterial sowie zum Auftrag der das lasersensible Pigment enthaltende Schicht eignen sich die bekannten direkten und indirekten Auftragsverfahren.For the application of the adhesive to the carrier material as well as for the application of the layer containing the laser-sensitive pigment, the known direct and indirect application methods are suitable.

Erwähnt seien das Accugravur-, das Rakel-, das Rollrakel-, das RCC-, das Super Reco-, das RAM-Verfahren, des weiteren die Verwendung einer Lüftbürste und Gießverfahren, sodann Siebdruckverfahren.Mention should be the Accugravur-, the squeegee, the roller blade, the RCC, the Super Reco-, the RAM process, further the use of a Lüftbürste and casting, then screen printing.

Acrylathotmelts lassen sich auf die genannten Träger neben den Standardauftragsverfahren wie Direktbeschichtung aus Düsen, über Walzen u.ä. auch im Transferverfahren auftragen, wie sie unter DE 43 24 748 C2 offenbart werden. Dabei wird die Klebemasse zunächst auf ein endlos umlaufendes, antiadhäsiv ausgerüstetes Gurtband aufgebracht und anschließend in einer Kaschierstation -bei Bedarf unter Verwendung von Druck und Temperatur zur Verbesserung der Masseverankerung- auf das Trägermaterial übertragen.
Prinzipiell ist auch ein Auftrag der Klebemasse aus organischen Lösemitteln oder als wäßrige Dispersion möglich; die ökonomischen und ökologischen Vorteile der Hotmelt-Darreichungsform liegen jedoch der Hand.Acrylic hotmelts can be applied to the mentioned supports in addition to the standard application methods such as direct coating from nozzles, over rollers and the like. also apply in the transfer process, as under DE 43 24 748 C2 be revealed. In this case, the adhesive is first applied to an endlessly circulating, antiadhesive equipped Gurtband and then transferred in a laminating station, if necessary using pressure and temperature to improve the Masseverankerung- on the carrier material.
In principle, an application of the adhesive from organic solvents or as an aqueous dispersion is possible; However, the economic and environmental benefits of the hotmelt dosage form are obvious.

Weiterhin können die Klebemasse und die das lasersensible Pigment enthaltende Schicht rasterpunktförmig mittels Siebdruck ( DE 42 37 252 C2 ), wobei die Klebstoffpünktchen auch unterschiedlich groß und/oder unterschiedlich verteilt sein können ( EP 0 353 972 B1 ), durch Tiefdruck ( DE 43 08 649 C2 ) in Längs- und Querrichtung zusammenhängenden Stegen, durch Rasterdruck oder durch Flexodruck aufgebracht werden.Furthermore, the adhesive and the layer containing the laser-sensitive pigment can be screen-dot-like by screen printing (FIG. DE 42 37 252 C2 ), wherein the adhesive dots may also be distributed differently and / or differently ( EP 0 353 972 B1 ), by gravure ( DE 43 08 649 C2 ) are applied in longitudinal and transverse contiguous webs, by screen printing or by flexographic printing.

Beide Schichten können vorzugsweise in Kalottenform durch Siebdruck vorliegen oder auch in einem anderen Muster wie Gitter, Streifen, Zickzacklinien und beispielsweise auch durch Tiefdruck aufgebracht sein. Ferner kann sie beispielsweise auch aufgesprüht sein, was ein mehr oder weniger unregelmäßiges Auftragsbild ergibt.Both layers may preferably be in dome form by screen printing or applied in a different pattern such as grids, stripes, zigzag lines and, for example, by gravure. Furthermore, it can also be sprayed on, for example, which results in a more or less irregular application pattern.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind diese in Form von polygeometrischen Kalotten aufgebracht.
Die Kalotten können unterschiedliche Formen aufweisen. Bevorzugt sind abgeflachte Halbkugeln. Weiterhin ist auch der Aufdruck anderer Formen und Muster auf dem Trägermaterial möglich, so beispielsweise ein Druckbild in Form alphanumerischer Zeichenkombinationen oder Muster wie Gitter, Streifen, des weiteren Kumulate der Kalotten und Zickzacklinien.In a preferred embodiment, these are applied in the form of polygeometric calottes.
The calottes can have different shapes. Preferred are flattened hemispheres. Furthermore, the printing of other shapes and patterns on the substrate is possible, such as a printed image in the form of alphanumeric character combinations or patterns such as grids, stripes, the further accumulation of calotte and zigzag lines.

Ein mögliches indirektes Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mit einer Klebstoffschicht beschichteten Trägers wird in der DE 40 32 776 A1 offenbart.A possible indirect process for the preparation of a carrier coated with an adhesive layer is disclosed in US Pat DE 40 32 776 A1 disclosed.

Danach

  1. a) wird eine fließfähige Klebstoffmasse auf einen Zwischenträger aufgetragen, der folgende Eigenschaften aufweist:
    • er hat eine unter dem Licht- oder Elektronenmikroskop erkennbare gewellte, gefältelte zerklüftete oder gefurchte Oberfläche
    • die Klebstoffmasse ist von seiner Oberfläche leicht ablösbar,
    • er ist im wesentlichen luftundurchlässig,
  2. b) werden die nach der Beschichtung des Zwischenträgers zwischen der Klebstoffmasse und dem Zwischenträger entstehenden mikroskopischen Luft- oder Lösungsmitteleinschlüsse durch Temperaturerhöhung ausgedehnt, bis die Oberfläche der Klebstoffmasse aufplatzt, und
  3. c) wird die Klebstoffmasse anschließend von dem Zwischenträger auf den endgültigen Träger übertragen.
After that
  1. a) a flowable adhesive composition is applied to an intermediate carrier which has the following properties:
    • it has a corrugated, crinkled, ragged or furrowed surface recognizable by light or electron microscopy
    • the adhesive composition is easily removable from its surface,
    • it is essentially impermeable to air,
  2. b) the microscopic air or solvent inclusions arising between the adhesive mass and the intermediate carrier after coating of the intermediate carrier are expanded by increasing the temperature until the surface of the adhesive mass bursts, and
  3. c) the adhesive composition is then transferred from the intermediate carrier to the final carrier.

Anders als zu der in der DE 40 32 776 A1 angestrebten porösen Kleberbeschichtung ist für den Erfindungsgegenstand eine möglichst homogene, glatte, luftfreie und undurchlässige Kleberbeschichtung von Vorteil. Wird anstelle der oben beschriebenen strukturierten Oberfläche jedoch eine glatte und homogene Oberfläche des Zwischenträgers gewählt, lassen sich diese Anforderungen erfüllen.Unlike the one in the DE 40 32 776 A1 aspired porous adhesive coating is for the subject invention as homogeneous, smooth, air-free and impermeable adhesive coating advantage. If instead of the above-described structured surface, however, a smooth and homogeneous surface of the intermediate carrier is selected, these requirements can be met.

Der Grundkörper für die Zwischenträger kann aus allen gängigen Materialien für solche Zwecke gewählt werden. Besonders vorteilhaft sind gewebte Gurtbänder aus Glasfaser, Polyester, Polyamid oder Nomex®, einem Fasermaterial der Firma DuPont. Aber auch Gummitücher, Kunststoffbänder und dergleichen haben sich als günstig herausgestellt. Es ist, wenn Gewebebänder gewählt werden, günstig, solche zu verwenden, die schon mit einer im wesentlichen unstrukturierten Oberflächenbeschichtung aus Kunststoff versehen sind. Diese letztere Beschichtung fördert die Haftung und Gleichmäßigkeit der eigentlichen Oberflächenbeschichtung auf dem Grundkörper. Die Oberflächenbeschichtung selbst stellt das gewünschte leichte Übertragen der Klebestoffmasse von dem Zwischenträger auf den endgültigen Träger sicher. Vorteilhaft ist diese Oberfläche des Zwischenträgers mit einer antiadhäsiven Schicht beispielsweise aus vernetztem Silikonkautschuk oder Fluorpolymeren wie Teflon® beschichtet.The basic body for the intermediate carrier can be chosen from all common materials for such purposes. Woven webbings made of glass fiber, polyester, polyamide or Nomex®, a fiber material from DuPont, are particularly advantageous. But also blankets, plastic straps and the like have been found to be favorable. When fabric tapes are selected, it is beneficial to use those already provided with a substantially unstructured plastic surface finish. This latter coating promotes the adhesion and uniformity of the actual surface coating on the body. The surface coating itself ensures the desired easy transfer of the adhesive mass from the intermediate carrier to the final carrier. Advantageously, this surface of the intermediate carrier is coated with an anti-adhesive layer, for example, of crosslinked silicone rubber or fluoropolymers such as Teflon®.

Die erfindungsgemäße Laser-Transferfolie zeigt hervorragende Eigenschaften, insbesondere viel bessere, als sie die Transferfolien aufweisen, die lasersensitive Pigmente in einer homogenen Verteilung innerhalb der Klebmasseschicht haben. Dort erfolgt eine intensive Laserstrahl-Pigment-Klebmasse-Wechselwirkung. Es kommt zu einer thermischen Belastung, die bis zu einer Zerstörung der Folie (Aufschmelzen) führen kann. Weiterhin kann die Klebmasse dadurch in ihrer temporären Verklebungseigenschaft (Klebmasseumspulungen) und im Übertrag der Pigmente in oder auf das Bauteil stark negativ beeinflußt werden.The laser transfer film according to the invention exhibits excellent properties, in particular much better, than the transfer films which have laser-sensitive pigments in a homogeneous distribution within the adhesive layer. There is an intense laser beam pigment-adhesive interaction. It comes to a thermal load, which can lead to destruction of the film (melting). Furthermore, the adhesive can be greatly adversely affected in its temporary adhesive property (Klebmasseumspulungen) and in the transfer of the pigments in or on the component.

Die erfindungsgemäße Folie zeigt auf Lackierungen und Kunststoffplatten (PP) aufgrund der pigmentierten Grenzschicht zum Verblebungsbauteil die negativen Effekte nicht, aber eine dauerhafte Beschriftung auf dem Bauteil.The film according to the invention does not show the negative effects on coatings and plastic sheets (PP) due to the pigmented boundary layer to the bonding component, but a permanent inscription on the component.

Zusätzliche Vorteile ergeben sich durch geringeren Pigmenteinsatz gegenüber der homogenen Verteilung des Pigments in der gesamten Klebemasse und die daraus resultierenden geringeren Probleme bei der Pigmentdispergierung und eine geringe Laserstrahl-Pigment-Klebmasse-Wechselwirkung.Additional advantages result from lower pigment use compared to the homogeneous distribution of the pigment in the entire adhesive and the resulting lower problems in pigment dispersion and a low laser-beam pigment-adhesive interaction.

Es wird ein sehr gutes Beschriftungsergebnis erzielt. Es zeigt sich zudem eine überraschend geringe Schmauchbildung. Die Schriftzüge zeigten direkt nach der Beschriftung eine leicht breitere aber stark Kontrastreiche Beschriftung. Nach einem Poliergang läßt der Kontrast ein wenig nach, dafür werden die Konturen der Schrift etwas schärfer.A very good labeling result is achieved. It also shows a surprisingly low level of smoke. The lettering showed a slightly wider but strongly high-contrast lettering directly after the lettering. After a polish, the contrast diminishes a little, but the contours of the font become a little sharper.

Auch auf rauhen Oberflächen läßt sie die erfindungsgemäße Folie hervorragend einsetzen, so beispielsweise auf Keramiksockel von Sicherungen der Firma Osram oder allgemein auf Glas.
Besonders als gestanztes Etikett kommen die Vorzüge voll zum Tragen, das Etikett kann auf dem Bauteil aufgebracht und belasert werden. Nach der Beschriftung wird es abgezogen. Der Vorgang ist beendet.Even on rough surfaces, it can be used outstandingly the film of the invention, such as on ceramic base of fuses the company Osram or generally on glass.
Especially as a die-cut label, the advantages come into their own, the label can be applied to the component and laser-engraved. After the lettering it will be deducted. The process is finished.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lasertransferfolie kann als endlose Rolle, dies in Form einer archimedischen Spirale um zumeist eine Papphülse aufgewickelt ist, und als gestanztes Etikett dargeboten werden. Letzteres kann jede beliebige Gestalt aufweisen, dem jeweiligen Einsatzzweck hervorragend angepaßt.The laser transfer film according to the invention can be wound as an endless roll, this in the form of an Archimedean spiral around mostly a cardboard tube, and as a punched Be offered label. The latter can have any desired shape, perfectly adapted to the particular application.

Anhand der nachfolgend beschriebenen Figuren wird die erfindungsgemäße Folie in besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungen näher erläutert, ohne damit die Erfindung unnötig einschränken zu wollen. Es zeigen

Figur 1
den Aufbau einer erfindungsgemäßen Folie in Form eines Etiketts,
Figur 2
den Aufbau einer erfindungsgemäßen Folie in Form eines Etiketts, wobei zusätzlich eine zweite Klebstoffsicht aufgebracht ist,
Figur 3
den Vorgang der Beschriftung eines Bauteils unter Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Folie.
With reference to the figures described below, the film according to the invention is explained in more detail in particularly advantageous embodiments, without wishing to unnecessarily limit the invention. Show it
FIG. 1
the structure of a film according to the invention in the form of a label,
FIG. 2
the structure of a film according to the invention in the form of a label, wherein additionally a second adhesive view is applied,
FIG. 3
the process of labeling a component using the film of the invention.

In Figur 1 ist der Aufbau einer erfindungsgemäßen Folie in Form eines Etiketts gezeigt. Die Folie setzt sich aus der Trägerschicht 1, der ersten Klebstoffsicht 2, die vollflächig dem Trägermaterial 1 aufgebracht ist und aus der das lasersensible Pigment enthaltenden Schicht 3 zusammen.
Die Schicht 3 ist ebenfalls vollflächig aufgetragen.In FIG. 1 the construction of a film according to the invention in the form of a label is shown. The film is composed of the carrier layer 1, the first adhesive view 2, which is applied over the entire area to the carrier material 1 and composed of the layer 3 containing the laser-sensitive pigment.
The layer 3 is also applied over the entire surface.

Die Figur 2 zeigt den Aufbau einer erfindungsgemäßen Folie in Form eines Etiketts, wobei zusätzlich eine zweite Klebstoffsicht 4 aufgebracht ist. Diese Klebstoffschicht ist nur partiell in Form einzelner Kalotten aufgebracht worden.
Diese dienen als Haltepunkte beziehungsweise Positionierhilfe der Folie auf dem Untergrund.The FIG. 2 shows the structure of a film according to the invention in the form of a label, wherein in addition a second adhesive view 4 is applied. This adhesive layer has been applied only partially in the form of individual calottes.
These serve as breakpoints or positioning of the film on the ground.

Die Figur 3 offenbart den Vorgang der Beschriftung eines Bauteils 5 unter Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Folie. Zunächst wird die Laser-Transferfolie, am besten in Form eines Etiketts, auf das Bauteil 5 aufgebracht, wobei durch die Klebeschicht 2 eine Haftung und Fixierung des Etiketts erreicht wir. Anschließend erfolgt die Beschriftung mittels eines Lasers, was durch den roten Zylinder angedeutet ist.
Nach Beenden des Beschriftungsvorganges wird die Transferfolie entfernt, auf dem Bauteil bleibt die gewünschte Beschriftung 6 zurück.The FIG. 3 discloses the process of labeling a component 5 using the film of the invention. First, the laser transfer film, preferably in the form of a label, applied to the component 5, wherein through the adhesive layer 2 a Liability and fixation of the label is achieved. Subsequently, the labeling is carried out by means of a laser, which is indicated by the red cylinder.
After completion of the labeling process, the transfer film is removed on the component remains the desired label 6 back.

Claims (9)

  1. Laser transfer film for durable inscription on components made from at least one backing layer, where on the full surface of the underside of the backing layer there is an adhesion layer, where the backing layer and the adhesion layer are transparent or translucent and do not absorb a laser beam, characterized in that a pigment layer which comprises at least one laser-sensitive pigment which absorbs the energy of a laser beam and which sublimes has been applied to the full surface of the underside of the adhesion layer.
  2. Laser transfer film according to Claim 1, characterized in that the matrix of the pigment layer comprising the laser-sensitive pigments is likewise composed of the adhesive of the adhesion layer.
  3. Laser transfer film according to Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that a second adhesive layer has been applied to the pigment layer comprising the laser-sensitive pigment.
  4. Laser transfer film according to at least one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that films are used as backing material, in particular monoaxially or biaxially stretched films based on polyolefins, i.e. films based on stretched polyethylene or on stretched copolymers, comprising ethylene and/or polypropylene units, and, where appropriate, also PVC films, PET films, films based on vinyl polymers, on polyamides, on polyester, on polyacetals, or on polycarbonates and very particularly preferably transparent films.
  5. Laser transfer film according to at least one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the adhesive layer used comprises a self-adhesive mass based on natural rubber, on PU, on acrylates, or on styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymers.
  6. Laser transfer film according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that color pigments or metal salts have been introduced into the pigment layer, in particular metal oxides, or else mixtures of various pigments with glass particles.
  7. Use of a laser transfer film according to at least one of Claims 1 to 6 for applying a durable inscription onto glass, ceramics and/or metal.
  8. Use of a laser transfer film according to at least one of Claims 1 to 6 for applying a durable inscription onto coatings or plastics sheets.
  9. Use of a laser transfer film according to at least one of Claims 1 to 6 as a stamped label.
EP02781201A 2001-10-25 2002-10-02 Laser-transfer film for permanently labeling components Expired - Lifetime EP1449186B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10152073A DE10152073A1 (en) 2001-10-25 2001-10-25 Laser transfer film for permanent marking of components
DE10152073 2001-10-25
PCT/EP2002/011023 WO2003035411A2 (en) 2001-10-25 2002-10-02 Laser-transfer film for permanently labeling components

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1449186A2 EP1449186A2 (en) 2004-08-25
EP1449186B1 true EP1449186B1 (en) 2011-08-31

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02781201A Expired - Lifetime EP1449186B1 (en) 2001-10-25 2002-10-02 Laser-transfer film for permanently labeling components

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6764803B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1449186B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE522898T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2002349320A1 (en)
DE (1) DE10152073A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2370814T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2003035411A2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE522898T1 (en) 2011-09-15
US6764803B2 (en) 2004-07-20
AU2002349320A1 (en) 2003-05-06
EP1449186A2 (en) 2004-08-25
WO2003035411A3 (en) 2003-10-23
US20030104309A1 (en) 2003-06-05
WO2003035411A2 (en) 2003-05-01
DE10152073A1 (en) 2003-05-08
ES2370814T3 (en) 2011-12-23

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