EP1449009A1 - Motor vehicle proximity radar with extended functionality and method for operating a motor vehicle proximity radar with extended functionality - Google Patents

Motor vehicle proximity radar with extended functionality and method for operating a motor vehicle proximity radar with extended functionality

Info

Publication number
EP1449009A1
EP1449009A1 EP02785380A EP02785380A EP1449009A1 EP 1449009 A1 EP1449009 A1 EP 1449009A1 EP 02785380 A EP02785380 A EP 02785380A EP 02785380 A EP02785380 A EP 02785380A EP 1449009 A1 EP1449009 A1 EP 1449009A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radar
range
motor vehicle
vehicle
individual
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02785380A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jürgen DICKMANN
Michael Wagner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Publication of EP1449009A1 publication Critical patent/EP1449009A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/87—Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/87—Combinations of systems using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/003—Transmission of data between radar, sonar or lidar systems and remote stations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • G01S2013/9316—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles combined with communication equipment with other vehicles or with base stations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • G01S2013/9327—Sensor installation details
    • G01S2013/93271—Sensor installation details in the front of the vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • G01S2013/9327—Sensor installation details
    • G01S2013/93272—Sensor installation details in the back of the vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • G01S2013/9327—Sensor installation details
    • G01S2013/93273—Sensor installation details on the top of the vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • G01S2013/9327—Sensor installation details
    • G01S2013/93274—Sensor installation details on the side of the vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a close range functionality automotive near radar, and to a method of operating a near-range automotive radar having enhanced functionality.
  • a motor vehicle laser radar system is known, which is designed to carry out both distance measurements and the communication between two vehicles with a single laser diode.
  • the known laser radar system is designed primarily for communication and distance measurements for the front and back of a vehicle.
  • a light beam generated in front of a transmission section is emitted at the front of a vehicle.
  • the same light beam of the transmitting section is fed via a switch to the rear of the vehicle.
  • a control unit alternately operates the transmission section in a distance measuring mode in which the distance to the following or preceding vehicle is calculated, and a communication mode in which the information can be exchanged between the vehicles.
  • the distance measurement in US Pat. No. 5,835,203 is based on the detection of the time difference between a transmitted reference signal and the reflected signal. Consequently, the duration of the distance measurement mode results from the maximum distance to be detected to the vehicle ahead or the following. Subsequently, the detected time difference is stored in a memory and averaged to indicate the average value of the distance to the driver via a suitable display.
  • US-A-5 249 027 a system for measuring inter-vehicle distances is known in which IR sensors are mounted in the front of a vehicle. In the rear of the vehicle corresponding IR transmitters are provided. The IR transmitters operate at a wavelength of e.g. 1 ⁇ m and are temporarily modulated to produce a binary code that results in a better signal-to-noise ratio, echo cancellation and better range. A control unit provides synchronization between transmitters and sensors.
  • US-A-5 249 027 allows a distance measurement between the vehicles in the IR range.
  • US-A-6 151 539 describes an apparatus and method for autonomous control of a vehicle.
  • the known device comprises a radar sensor mounted on the front of a vehicle for determining the number of objects in front of the vehicle, their distance from the vehicle, and their relative speed.
  • two laser scanner sensors are provided at the front corners and a laser scanner sensor at the rear of the vehicle.
  • the scanning of the surroundings of the vehicle can be improved by further sensors provided on the vehicle roof.
  • the entire sensor system of US-A-6 151 539 is directed only to determine the distances to and the location of objects in the vicinity of the vehicle. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an enhanced functionality automotive near range radar as well as a method of operating a near-range enhanced range car radar that, while providing all-round visibility, permits efficient communication between vehicles.
  • a particular object of the present invention is to provide an enhanced functionality automotive near range radar and method for operating a near-range enhanced range automotive radar, in particular, communicating between cooperating vehicles.
  • a further object in the context of the above object is the creation of a motor vehicle near-range radar which can be used in the context of ad hoc networks.
  • an object is to provide a post-range radar usable in a cellular radio network.
  • the sole figure of the present invention shows a plan view of a road A, on which two vehicles equipped with the motor vehicle near-range radar according to the invention are located.
  • the first vehicle designated by reference numeral 1 is provided with a plurality of individual radars 2 arranged so as to allow good visibility.
  • the individual radars 2 are designed for locating and tracking objects in the immediate vicinity of the vehicle 1.
  • the number and arrangement of the individual radars 2 is, as is well known to the person skilled in the art, dependent on the directivity and the scanning range or scanning angle of each individual radar 2. Arrangements, as shown in connection with the vehicle 1 ', are also conceivable.
  • individual radars can be arranged on the roof of the vehicle 1 or 1 'or at the level of the bumper or a lateral trim strip. This applies to both the lateral and the front and rear of the vehicle.
  • the essential in the context of the present invention to be observed condition for the arrangement of the individual radars is, as already mentioned, the good all-round visibility. Useful arrangements for all-round visibility are described in US-A-6 151 539, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the respective vehicles 1 and 1 ' are equipped with a control unit 3 or 3', which takes over the control of the individual radars 2 and 2 'via corresponding cables or glass fibers 5 and 5'.
  • a control unit 3 or 3' which takes over the control of the individual radars 2 and 2 'via corresponding cables or glass fibers 5 and 5'.
  • the use of a WLAN (for example a radio network in accordance with IEEE 802.11) for connecting the individual radars and the control unit is also conceivable.
  • the individual radars can be designed as LEDs analogous to US Pat. No. 5,835,203 with a similar scanning and communication mode. Content US-A-5 835 203 is also incorporated herein by reference.
  • the communication is established via a single radar lying in the direction of the partner. This takes place according to the invention at the protocol level.
  • the individual radars 2 and 2 ' are operated by the respective control units 3 and 3' in the scanning mode as long as no vehicle is in the respective range.
  • the range is not greater than 500 m in typical vehicle applications, for example, so that the transmission power of the individual radars is relatively limited.
  • the individual radar located in the direction of the partner is switched by its control unit from the scanning mode to the communication mode and the communication is established at the protocol level. Due to the necessary synchronization of the cooperating partners in the case of communication, the scanning function of the near-field radar remains largely preserved. After completing the communication, the involved individual radar is switched back to the sampling mode. As a result, an increased data rate with increased range and flexibility of the communication with minimal impairment of the scanning properties of the near-field radar is achieved according to the invention.
  • the motor vehicle near-range radar according to the invention can also be used in conjunction with individual radars 4 located at the roadside, the mode of action and control taking place analogously to the individual radars on the vehicle described above.
  • the motor vehicle near-range radar according to the invention can be used in the context of inter-vehicle radio communication networks (IFFK networks) for direct communication between vehicles, which are implemented by so-called ad hoc radio networks (n> 2 subscribers).
  • IFFK networks inter-vehicle radio communication networks
  • ad hoc radio networks are constructed such that installed in vehicles wireless systems without other infrastructure by z.
  • B. AbtastSysteme, sensors or the like. can communicate directly with each other.
  • the ad hoc radio networks differ from the cellular radio networks, in which each communication process is controlled by a central base station and takes place via this base station.
  • IFFK networks can also include permanently installed radio stations. In contrast to the cellular networks, however, these are functionally equivalent to the radio systems installed on the vehicles and are not required for the operation of the ad hoc radio network.
  • IFFK networks are usually operated in license-free radio frequencies. The radio transmission is thus free of charge. Therefore, the IFFK networks are particularly suitable for the exchange of locally relevant data in the environment of the vehicle.

Abstract

The invention relates to a motor vehicle proximity radar with an all-round view comprising a number of individual radars (2, 2') and a controller (3, 3'), for the control of the individual radars (2, 2'), whereby the individual radars are embodied for operation in a scanning mode or a communication mode and the controller (3, 3') is embodied to switch at least one individual radar into the communication mode as soon as a vehicle (1, 1') enters the range of the motor vehicle proximity radar. Furthermore, a method for operating a motor vehicle proximity radar with an all-round view, comprising a number of individual radars (2, 2') and a controller (3, 3'), for the control of the individual radars (2, 2'), is disclosed, comprising the following steps, operation of the individual radars (2, 2') in a scanning mode so long as no vehicle (1, 1') enters the range of the motor vehicle proximity radar and the switching of at least one individual radar (1, 1') into the communication mode as soon as a vehicle (1, 1') enters into the range of the motor vehicle proximity radar.

Description

Beschreibung description
KFZ-NAHBEREICHSRADAR MIT ERWEITERTER FUNKTIONALI TAT SOWIE VERFAHREN ZUM BETREIB EN EINES KFZ-NAHBEREICHSRADARS MIT ERWEITERTER FUNKTIONALITÄTADVANCED ENGINE RADAR WITH ADVANCED FUNCTIONALITY AND METHOD FOR OPERATING A CLOSE-OF-THE-BICYCLE RADAR WITH ADVANCED FUNCTIONALITY
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen KFZ-Nahbereichsradar mit erweiterter Funktionalität sowie ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines KFZ-Nahbereichsradars mit einer erweiterten Funktionalität.The present invention relates to a close range functionality automotive near radar, and to a method of operating a near-range automotive radar having enhanced functionality.
Aus dem Stand der Technik gemäß der US-A-5 835 203 ist ein KFZ- Laserradarsystem bekannt, das ausgebildet ist, sowohl Abstandsmessungen als auch die Kommunikation zwischen zwei Fahrzeugen mit einer einzigen Laserdiode durchzuführen. Das bekannte Laserradarsystem ist vor allem für die Kommunikation und Abstandsmessungen für die Vorder- und Rückseite eines Fahrzeugs ausgebildet.From the prior art according to US-A-5 835 203 a motor vehicle laser radar system is known, which is designed to carry out both distance measurements and the communication between two vehicles with a single laser diode. The known laser radar system is designed primarily for communication and distance measurements for the front and back of a vehicle.
Gemäß der US-A-5 835 203 wird in einer darin beschriebenen Ausführungsform ein vor einem Sendeabschnitt erzeugter Lichtstrahl an der Vorderseite eines Fahrzeugs ausgestrahlt. Der selbe Lichtstrahl des Sendeabschnitts wird über eine Weiche an die Rückseite des Fahrzeugs zugeführt. Eine Steuereinheit betreibt den Sendeabschnitt abwechselnd in einen Abstandsmessmodus, in dem die Entfernung zum nach- oder vorfahrenden Fahrzeug berechnet wird, und einen Kommunikationsmodus, in dem die Information zwischen den Fahrzeugen ausgetauscht werden kann. Die Abstands- messung in der US-A-5 835 203 erfolgt anhand der Erfassung der zeitlichen Differenz zwischen einem gesendeten Referenzsignal und der Reflektierten dieses Signals. Folglich ergibt sich die Dauer des Abstandsmessmodus aus dem maximal zu erfassenden Abstand zum vor- bzw. nachfahrenden Fahrzeug. Anschließend wird die erfasste zeitliche Differenz in einem Speicher gespeichert und gemittelt, um den Mittelwert des Abstands dem Fahrer über ein geeignetes Display anzuzeigen.According to US-A-5 835 203, in one embodiment described therein, a light beam generated in front of a transmission section is emitted at the front of a vehicle. The same light beam of the transmitting section is fed via a switch to the rear of the vehicle. A control unit alternately operates the transmission section in a distance measuring mode in which the distance to the following or preceding vehicle is calculated, and a communication mode in which the information can be exchanged between the vehicles. The distance measurement in US Pat. No. 5,835,203 is based on the detection of the time difference between a transmitted reference signal and the reflected signal. Consequently, the duration of the distance measurement mode results from the maximum distance to be detected to the vehicle ahead or the following. Subsequently, the detected time difference is stored in a memory and averaged to indicate the average value of the distance to the driver via a suitable display.
Aus der US-A-5 249 027 ist ein System zur Messung von Zwischenfahrzeugabständen bekannt, bei dem IR-Sensoren im vorderen Bereich eines Fahrzeugs angebracht sind. Im hinteren Bereich des Fahrzeugs werden entsprechende IR-Sender bereitgestellt. Die IR- Sender arbeiten mit einer Wellenlänge von z.B. 1 μm und werden zeitweilig moduliert, um einen Binärcode zu erzeugen, der zu einem besseren Signal/Rausch-Verhältnis, zur Echounterdrückung und zu einer besseren Reichweite führt. Eine Steuereinheit stellt die Synchronisierung zwischen Sendern und Sensoren bereit. Somit gestattet die bekannte Anordnung der US-A-5 249 027 eine Abstandsmessung zwischen den Fahrzeugen im IR-Bereich dar.From US-A-5 249 027 a system for measuring inter-vehicle distances is known in which IR sensors are mounted in the front of a vehicle. In the rear of the vehicle corresponding IR transmitters are provided. The IR transmitters operate at a wavelength of e.g. 1 μm and are temporarily modulated to produce a binary code that results in a better signal-to-noise ratio, echo cancellation and better range. A control unit provides synchronization between transmitters and sensors. Thus, the known arrangement of US-A-5 249 027 allows a distance measurement between the vehicles in the IR range.
Die US-A-6 151 539 beschreibt eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur autonomen Steuerung eines Fahrzeugs. Die bekannte Vorrichtung umfasst einen an der Vorderseite eines Fahrzeugs angebrachten Radarsensor, zur Bestimmung der Anzahl der Objekte, die vor dem Fahrzeug befindlich sind, deren Abstand zum Fahrzeug, und deren relativer Geschwindigkeit. Zusätzlich werden zwei Laserscanner-Sensoren an den vorderen Ecken und ein Laserscanner-Sensor an der Rückseite des Fahrzeugs bereitgestellt. Die Abtastung der Umgebung des Fahrzeugs kann von weiteren am Fahrzeugdach vorgesehenen Sensoren verbessert werden. Die ganze Sensorik der US-A-6 151 539 ist jedoch nur darauf gerichtet die Abstände zu und die Ortung von Objekten in der Nähe des Fahrzeugs zu bestimmen bzw. zu erfassen. Daher besteht eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung in der Bereitstellung eines KFZ-Nahbereichsradars mit erweiterter Funktionalität sowie eines Verfahrens zum Betreiben eines KFZ-Nahbereichsradars mit erweiterter Funktionalität, der bei gleichzeitiger Rundumsicht eine effiziente Kommunikation zwischen den Fahrzeugen gestattet.US-A-6 151 539 describes an apparatus and method for autonomous control of a vehicle. The known device comprises a radar sensor mounted on the front of a vehicle for determining the number of objects in front of the vehicle, their distance from the vehicle, and their relative speed. In addition, two laser scanner sensors are provided at the front corners and a laser scanner sensor at the rear of the vehicle. The scanning of the surroundings of the vehicle can be improved by further sensors provided on the vehicle roof. However, the entire sensor system of US-A-6 151 539 is directed only to determine the distances to and the location of objects in the vicinity of the vehicle. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an enhanced functionality automotive near range radar as well as a method of operating a near-range enhanced range car radar that, while providing all-round visibility, permits efficient communication between vehicles.
Im Rahmen der obigen Aufgabe besteht eine besondere Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung in der Bereitstellung eines KFZ-Nahbereichsradars mit erweiterter Funktionalität sowie eines Verfahrens zum Betreiben eines KFZ-Nahbereichsradars mit erweiterter Funktionalität, wobei die Kommunikation insbesondere zwischen kooperierenden Fahrzeugen stattfindet.Within the scope of the above object, a particular object of the present invention is to provide an enhanced functionality automotive near range radar and method for operating a near-range enhanced range automotive radar, in particular, communicating between cooperating vehicles.
Eine weitere Aufgabe im Rahmen der obigen Aufgabe besteht in der Schaffung eines KFZ-Nahbereichsradars, der im Rahmen von Adhoc- Netzwerken einsetzbar ist. Alternativ dazu besteht eine Aufgabe in der Bereitstellung eines Nachbereichsradars, der in einem zellularen Funknetzwerk einsetzbar ist.A further object in the context of the above object is the creation of a motor vehicle near-range radar which can be used in the context of ad hoc networks. Alternatively, an object is to provide a post-range radar usable in a cellular radio network.
Diese sowie weitere der nachstehenden Beschreibung und der einzigen Figur der Erfindung zu entnehmenden Aufgaben werden von einem KFZ-Nahbereichsradar mit erweiterter Funktionalität sowie von einem Verfahren zum Betreiben eines KFZ-Nahbereichsradars mit erweiterter Funktionalität gemäß den anliegenden Ansprüchen erfüllt.These and other objects, to be taken for the purposes of the following description and the single figure of the invention, are met by an enhanced functionality automotive near range radar and a method of operating an enhanced functionality near range car radar according to the appended claims.
Dabei zeigt die einzige Figur der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Draufsicht einer Straße A, auf der zwei mit dem erfindungsgemäßen KFZ-Nahbereichsradar ausgestatteten Fahrzeuge befindlich sind. Das erste mit Bezugszeichen 1 bezeichnete Fahrzeug ist mit einer Vielzahl von Einzelradaren 2 ausgestattet, die derart angeordnet sind, dass sie eine gute Rundumsicht gestatten. Die Einzelradare 2 sind zur Ortung und Verfolgung von Objekten in unmittelbarer Nähe des Fahrzeugs 1 ausgebildet. Die Anzahl und Anordnung der Einzelradare 2 ist, wie dem Fachmann auf dem Gebiet wohl bekannt, von der Richtwirkung und dem Abtastbereich bzw. Abtast- winkel eines jeden Einzelradars 2 abhängig. Anordnungen, wie im Zusammenhang mit dem Fahrzeug 1' gezeigt, sind auch denkbar.The sole figure of the present invention shows a plan view of a road A, on which two vehicles equipped with the motor vehicle near-range radar according to the invention are located. The first vehicle designated by reference numeral 1 is provided with a plurality of individual radars 2 arranged so as to allow good visibility. The individual radars 2 are designed for locating and tracking objects in the immediate vicinity of the vehicle 1. The number and arrangement of the individual radars 2 is, as is well known to the person skilled in the art, dependent on the directivity and the scanning range or scanning angle of each individual radar 2. Arrangements, as shown in connection with the vehicle 1 ', are also conceivable.
Darüber hinaus können Einzelradare auf dem Dach des Fahrzeugs 1 oder 1' oder in Höhe der Stoßstange oder einer seitlichen Zierleiste angeordnet werden. Dies trifft sowohl für den seitlichen als auch den vorderen bzw. hinteren Bereich des Fahrzeugs zu. Die wesentliche im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu beachtende Bedingung für die Anordnung der Einzelradare ist, wie bereits erwähnt, die gute Rundumsicht. Nützliche Anordnungen zur Rundumsicht werden in der US-A-6 151 539 beschrieben, deren Inhalt hiermit durch die Bezugnahme inhaltlich eingeschlossen wird.In addition, individual radars can be arranged on the roof of the vehicle 1 or 1 'or at the level of the bumper or a lateral trim strip. This applies to both the lateral and the front and rear of the vehicle. The essential in the context of the present invention to be observed condition for the arrangement of the individual radars is, as already mentioned, the good all-round visibility. Useful arrangements for all-round visibility are described in US-A-6 151 539, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
Die jeweiligen Fahrzeuge 1 und 1' sind mit einer Steuereinheit 3 bzw. 3' ausgestattet, die die Steuerung der Einzelradare 2 bzw. 2 ' über entsprechende Kabel oder Glasfasern 5 bzw. 5' übernimmt. Auch ist der Einsatz eines WLANs (z.B. eines Funknetzes nach IEEE 802.11) zur Verbindung der Einzelradare und der Steuereinheit denkbar.The respective vehicles 1 and 1 'are equipped with a control unit 3 or 3', which takes over the control of the individual radars 2 and 2 'via corresponding cables or glass fibers 5 and 5'. The use of a WLAN (for example a radio network in accordance with IEEE 802.11) for connecting the individual radars and the control unit is also conceivable.
Die Einzelradare können analog zur US-A-5 835 203 als LEDs ausgebildet werden mit einem ähnlichen Abtast- und Kommunikations- modus . Der Inhalt US-A-5 835 203 wird ebenfalls hiermit durch die Bezugnahme inhaltlich eingeschlossen. Zur Kommunikation zwischen den kooperierenden Fahrzeugen 1 und 1' wird über einen in Richtung des Partners liegenden Einzelradar die Kommunikation aufgebaut. Diese erfolgt erfindungsgemäß auf Protokollebene.The individual radars can be designed as LEDs analogous to US Pat. No. 5,835,203 with a similar scanning and communication mode. Content US-A-5 835 203 is also incorporated herein by reference. For communication between the cooperating vehicles 1 and 1 ', the communication is established via a single radar lying in the direction of the partner. This takes place according to the invention at the protocol level.
Nach einem besonderen Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung werden die Einzelradare 2 bzw. 2' von den jeweiligen Steuereinheiten 3 und 3 ' im Abtastmodus betrieben solange sich kein Fahrzeug in jeweiliger Reichweite befindet. Die Reichweite ist bei typischen Fahrzeuganwendungen beispielsweise nicht größer als 500 m, so dass die Sendeleistung der Einzelradare relativ beschränkt ist.According to a particular aspect of the present invention, the individual radars 2 and 2 'are operated by the respective control units 3 and 3' in the scanning mode as long as no vehicle is in the respective range. The range is not greater than 500 m in typical vehicle applications, for example, so that the transmission power of the individual radars is relatively limited.
Sobald die gegenseitige Erfassung der Fahrzeuge erfolgt ist, wird der in Richtung des Partners befindliche Einzelradar durch seine Steuereinheit vom Abtastmodus in den Kommunikationsmodus geschaltet und die Kommunikation wird auf Protokollebene aufgebaut. Durch die hierbei notwendige Synchronisation der kooperierenden Partner bei zustandegekommener Kommunikation bleibt weiterhin die Abtastfunktion des Nahbereichsradars weitestgehend erhalten. Nach beenden der Kommunikation wird der beteiligte Einzelradar wiederum in den Abtastmodus zurückgeschaltet. Dadurch wird erfindungsgemäß eine erhöhte Datenrate bei gesteigerter Reichweite und Flexibilität der Kommunikation bei minimaler Beeinträchtigung der Abtasteigenschaften des Nahbereichsradars erzielt .Once the mutual detection of the vehicles has taken place, the individual radar located in the direction of the partner is switched by its control unit from the scanning mode to the communication mode and the communication is established at the protocol level. Due to the necessary synchronization of the cooperating partners in the case of communication, the scanning function of the near-field radar remains largely preserved. After completing the communication, the involved individual radar is switched back to the sampling mode. As a result, an increased data rate with increased range and flexibility of the communication with minimal impairment of the scanning properties of the near-field radar is achieved according to the invention.
Der erfindungsgemäße KFZ-Nahbereichsradar kann auch in Verbindung mit am Straßenrand befindlichen Einzelradaren 4 eingesetzt werden, wobei die Wirkungsweise und Steuerung analog zu den vorstehend beschriebenen am Fahrzeug befindlichen Einzelradaren erfolgt. Der erfindungsgemäße KFZ-Nahbereichsradar kann im Rahmen von In- terfahrzeug-Funkkommunikationsnetzen (IFFK-Netze) zur direkten Kommunikation zwischen Fahrzeugen eingesetzt werden, die durch sogenannte Adhoc-Funknetze (n > 2 Teilnehmer) realisiert werden. Die Adhoc-Funknetze sind derart aufgebaut, dass in Fahrzeugen installierte Funksysteme ohne sonstige Infrastruktur durch z. B. AbtastSysteme, Sensoren oder dgl . direkt miteinander kommunizieren können. Hierdurch unterscheiden sich die Adhoc-Funknetze von den zellularen Funknetzen, bei denen jeder KommunikationsVorgang durch eine zentrale Basisstation gesteuert wird und über diese Basisstation erfolgt. IFFK-Netze können auch fest installierte Funkstationen mit einschließen. Diese sind im Unterschied zu den zellularen Netzen jedoch funktionell den auf den Fahrzeugen installierten Funksystemen gleichzusetzen und für den Betrieb des Adhoc-Funknetzes nicht Voraussetzung. IFFK-Netze werden üblicherweise in lizenzfreien Funkfrequenzen betrieben. Die Funkübertragung ist somit kostenfrei. Daher eignen sich die IFFK- Netze insbesondere für den Austausch von lokal relevanten Daten im Umfeld des Fahrzeuges.The motor vehicle near-range radar according to the invention can also be used in conjunction with individual radars 4 located at the roadside, the mode of action and control taking place analogously to the individual radars on the vehicle described above. The motor vehicle near-range radar according to the invention can be used in the context of inter-vehicle radio communication networks (IFFK networks) for direct communication between vehicles, which are implemented by so-called ad hoc radio networks (n> 2 subscribers). The ad hoc radio networks are constructed such that installed in vehicles wireless systems without other infrastructure by z. B. AbtastSysteme, sensors or the like. can communicate directly with each other. In this way, the ad hoc radio networks differ from the cellular radio networks, in which each communication process is controlled by a central base station and takes place via this base station. IFFK networks can also include permanently installed radio stations. In contrast to the cellular networks, however, these are functionally equivalent to the radio systems installed on the vehicles and are not required for the operation of the ad hoc radio network. IFFK networks are usually operated in license-free radio frequencies. The radio transmission is thus free of charge. Therefore, the IFFK networks are particularly suitable for the exchange of locally relevant data in the environment of the vehicle.
Heutige kommerzielle Adhoc-Funknetze werden durch die Standards ETSI HIPERLAN Typ 1, IEEE 802.11 und Bluetooth beschrieben. Neuere Arbeiten lassen eine Adaption der bekannten Verfahren im Bereich der Adhoc-Funknetze für den Einsatz in IFFK-Netzen erwarten.Today's commercial ad hoc wireless networks are described by the ETSI HIPERLAN Type 1, IEEE 802.11 and Bluetooth standards. Recent work suggests an adaptation of the known methods in the field of ad hoc radio networks for use in IFFK networks.
Besonders bevorzugt ist der Einsatz des erfindungsgemäßen KFZ- Nahbereichsradars und Verfahrens in einem Adhoc-Funknetz zur selektiven Kommunikation wie in der ebenfalls anhängigen Patentanmeldung DE 101 31 839 der vorliegenden Anmelderin mit der Bezeichnung " Interfahrzeug-Kommunikationsverfahren" beschrieben . Der Inhalt dieser Anmeldung wird hiermit durch die Bezugnahme inhaltlich eingeschlossen. Eine weitere gegenwärtig bevorzugte Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen KFZ-Nahbereichsradars und Verfahrens besteht im Rahmen eines zellularen mobilen KommunikationsSystems und -Verfahrens, das in der Patentanmeldung DE 101 37 138 der vorliegenden Anmelderin mit der Bezeichnung "Mobiles Kommunikationssystem und - verfahren" beschrieben wurde. Der Inhalt dieser Anmeldung wird hiermit ebenfalls durch die Bezugnahme inhaltlich eingeschlossen.Particularly preferred is the use of the motor vehicle near-range radar and method in an ad hoc radio network for selective communication as described in the co-pending patent application DE 101 31 839 of the present applicant entitled "Inter-vehicle communication method". The content of this application is hereby incorporated by reference. Another presently preferred application of the automotive near-range radar and method of the present invention is in the context of a cellular mobile communications system and method described in patent application DE 101 37 138 of the present Applicant entitled "Mobile Communication System and Method". The content of this application is hereby also incorporated by reference in the content.
Obwohl der erfindungsgemäße Nahbereichsradar bzw. das Verfahren in Verbindung mit KFZ-Anwendungen beschrieben wurde, ist es denkbar, die Grundsätze der Erfindung im Verbindung mit anderen Fahrzeugen wie z.B. Luft- oder Wasserfahrzeugen einzusetzen. Darüber hinaus können Änderungen vorgenommen werden können, ohne sich vom Schutzumfang der Erfindung, wie in den anliegenden Ansprüchen definiert, zu lösen.Although the short-range radar according to the invention or the method has been described in connection with motor vehicle applications, it is conceivable to use the principles of the invention in connection with other vehicles such as e.g. Use air or water vehicles. In addition, changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Wenn Merkmale in den Ansprüchen mit Bezugszeichen versehen sind, so sind diese Bezugszeichen lediglich zum besseren Verständnis der Ansprüche vorhanden. Dementsprechend stellen solche Bezugszeichen keine Einschränkungen des Schutzumfangs solcher Merkmale dar, die nur exemplarisch durch solche Bezugszeichen bezeichnet sind. When features in the claims are provided with reference numerals, these reference numerals are provided for ease of understanding the claims. Accordingly, such reference numerals do not represent limitations on the scope of such features, which are exemplified only by such reference numerals.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. KFZ-Nahbereichsradar mit einer Rundumsicht mit einer Vielzahl an Einzelradare (2, 2') und einer Steuereinheit (3, 3') zur Steuerung der Einzelradare (2, 2'), wobei die Einzelradare (2, 2') ausgebildet sind, in einem Abtastmodus bzw. in einem Kommunikationsmodus betrieben zu werden, und wobei die Steuereinheit1. motor vehicle near-range radar with a panoramic view with a plurality of individual radars (2, 2 ') and a control unit (3, 3') for controlling the individual radars (2, 2 '), wherein the individual radars (2, 2') are formed to be operated in a sampling mode or in a communication mode, and wherein the control unit
(3, 3') ausgebildet ist, um mindestens einen Einzelradar (2, 21) in den Kommunikationsmodus zu schalten, sobald ein Fahrzeug (1, l1) in Reichweite des KFZ-Nahbereichsradars eintritt.(3, 3 ') is designed to switch at least one individual radar (2, 2 1 ) into the communication mode as soon as a vehicle (1, 1 ) enters within the range of the motor vehicle near-range radar.
2. KFZ-Nahbereichsradar gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei die Steuereinheit (3, 3') ausgebildet ist, die Einzelradare (2, 2') so lange im Abtastmodus zu betreiben bis ein Fahrzeug (1, 1') in Reichweite des KFZ-Nahbereichsradars eintritt, wobei das Umschalten in den Kommunikationsmodus nur solange erfolgt, bis Fahrzeug (1, 1') in Reichweite des KFZ-Nahbereichsradars befindlich ist.2. Motor vehicle near-range radar according to claim 1, wherein the control unit (3, 3 ') is designed to operate the individual radars (2, 2') in the scanning mode until a vehicle (1, 1 ') within range of the motor vehicle near-range radar occurs, wherein the switching to the communication mode only takes place until the vehicle (1, 1 ') is within range of the motor vehicle near-range radar.
3. KFZ-Nahbereichsradar gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die Steuereinheit (3, 3') ausgebildet ist, den dem in Reichweite des KFZ-Nahbereichsradars eintretenden Fahrzeug (1, 1') am nächsten liegenden Einzelradar (1, 1') in den Kommunikationsmodus zu schalten. 3. motor vehicle near-range radar according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control unit (3, 3 ') is formed, the one in the range of the motor vehicle near-range radar entering vehicle (1, 1') closest single radar (1, 1 ') in to switch the communication mode.
4. KFZ-Nahbereichsradar gemäß einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei der Einzelradare (1, 1') und die Steuereinheit (3, 3') ausgebildet sind, die Kommunikation im Kommunikationsmodus auf der Protokollebene aufzubauen.4. The motor vehicle near range radar as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 3, wherein the individual radars (1, 1 ') and the control unit (3, 3') are designed to establish communication in the communication mode at the protocol level.
5. KFZ-Nahbereichsradar gemäß einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, der weiterhin einen oder mehrere am Straßenrand befindliche feste Einzelradare (4) umfasst, die ebenfalls in den Kommunikationsmodus umgeschaltet werden, sobald ein Fahrzeug (1, l1) in Reichweite eines festen Einzelradars (1) eintritt.A motor vehicle near range radar according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, further comprising one or more roadside fixed single radars (4) which are also switched to communication mode as soon as a vehicle (1, 1 ) is within range of a vehicle fixed single radar (1) occurs.
6. Adhoc-Netzwerk, das den KFZ-Nahbereichsradar gemäß einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 umfasst .6. Adhoc network comprising the motor vehicle near-range radar according to one or more of claims 1 to 5.
7. Zellulares Netzwerk, das den KFZ-Nahbereichsradar gemäß einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 umfasst.A cellular network comprising the automotive near-field radar according to one or more of claims 1 to 5.
8. Verfahren zum betreiben eines KFZ-Nahbereichsradars mit einer Rundumsicht mit einer Vielzahl von Einzelradaren (2, 2') und einer Steuereinheit (3, 3') zur Steuerung der Einzelradare (2, 2'), das folgende Schritte umfasst: das Betreiben der Einzelradare (2, 2') in einem Abtastmodus so lange kein Fahrzeug (1, 1') in Reichweite des KFZ- Nahbereichsradars eintritt; und das Umschalten von mindestens einem Einzelradar (1, 1') in den Kommunikationsmodus sobald ein Fahrzeug (1, l1) in Reichweite des KFZ-Nahbereichsradars eintritt.8. A method for operating a motor vehicle Nahbereichsradars with a panoramic view with a plurality of Einzelradaren (2, 2 ') and a control unit (3, 3') for controlling the Einzelradare (2, 2 '), comprising the steps of: the operation the individual radars (2, 2 ') in a scanning mode as long as no vehicle (1, 1') within range of the motor vehicle near-range radar occurs; and the switching of at least one individual radar (1, 1 ') in the communication mode as soon as a vehicle (1, l 1 ) enters within range of the motor vehicle near-range radar.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, wobei das Umschalten des mindestens einen Einzelradars (1, 1') in den Kommunikationsmodus nur solange erfolgt, bis Fahrzeug (1, 1') in Reichweite des KFZ- Nahbereichsradars befindlich ist, und wobei nach Austreten des Fahrzeugs (1, 1') aus der Reichweite des KFZ-Nahbereichsradars der mindestens eine Einzelradar (1, 1') in den Abtastmodus betrieben wird.9. The method of claim 8, wherein the switching of the at least one individual radar (1, 1 ') in the communication mode only takes place until the vehicle (1, 1') is within range of the motor vehicle near-range radar, and wherein after exiting the vehicle (1, 1 ') from the range of the motor vehicle near-range radar the at least one individual radar (1, 1 ') is operated in the scanning mode.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, wobei der dem in Reichweite des KFZ-Nahbereichsradars eintretenden Fahrzeug (1, 1') am nächsten liegenden Einzelradar (1, 1') in den Kommunikationsmodus umgeschaltet wird.10. The method of claim 8 or 9, wherein the vehicle in the range of the motor vehicle near-range radar entering vehicle (1, 1 ') closest single radar (1, 1') is switched to the communication mode.
11. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 8-10, wobei die Kommunikation im Kommunikationsmodus auf der Protokollebene aufgebaut wird.11. The method according to one or more of claims 8-10, wherein the communication is established in the communication mode at the protocol level.
12. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 8-10, wobei der KFZ-Nahbereichsradar weiterhin einen oder mehreren am Straßenrand befindliche feste Einzelradare (4) umfasst, die ebenfalls in den Kommunikationsmodus umgeschaltet werden, sobald ein Fahrzeug (1, 1') in Reichweite eines festen Einzelradars (1) eintritt . 12. The method according to one or more of claims 8-10, wherein the motor vehicle near range radar further comprises one or more roadside fixed Einzelradare (4), which are also switched to the communication mode as soon as a vehicle (1, 1 ') in Range of a fixed single radar (1) occurs.
EP02785380A 2001-11-29 2002-11-09 Motor vehicle proximity radar with extended functionality and method for operating a motor vehicle proximity radar with extended functionality Withdrawn EP1449009A1 (en)

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DE10158719A DE10158719A1 (en) 2001-11-29 2001-11-29 Extended range vehicle near range radar and method for operating a close range extended range car radar
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PCT/EP2002/012542 WO2003046608A1 (en) 2001-11-29 2002-11-09 Motor vehicle proximity radar with extended functionality and method for operating a motor vehicle proximity radar with extended functionality

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