EP1439918B1 - Ultrasonic cleaning system for cleaning a plurality of parallel extending, strand-like products, such as for example wires, profiles and pipes - Google Patents

Ultrasonic cleaning system for cleaning a plurality of parallel extending, strand-like products, such as for example wires, profiles and pipes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1439918B1
EP1439918B1 EP02779522A EP02779522A EP1439918B1 EP 1439918 B1 EP1439918 B1 EP 1439918B1 EP 02779522 A EP02779522 A EP 02779522A EP 02779522 A EP02779522 A EP 02779522A EP 1439918 B1 EP1439918 B1 EP 1439918B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
sonotrode
cleaning
bores
ultrasonic
cleaned
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EP02779522A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1439918A1 (en
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Holger Hielscher
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Hielscher Systems GmbH
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Hielscher Systems GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/10Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
    • B08B3/12Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration by sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
    • B08B3/123Cleaning travelling work, e.g. webs, articles on a conveyor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for the ultrasonic cleaning of a plurality of juxtaposed, strand-like products such. Wires, profiles and tubes by means of an ultrasonic excited liquid according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the cleaning effect is based, as with all ultrasonic cleaning, on the principle of cavitation.
  • the ultrasonic energy is radiated into the cleaning liquid, which encloses or surrounds the material to be cleaned.
  • the liquid cavitation occurs, i. Liquid breaks down due to the high energy, bubbles are formed, the interior of which is filled with negative pressure gas. The gas bubbles implode, releasing high energy and creating a strong microflow. This flow acts on the soiled surface of the material to be cleaned and removes residues such as fats, oils, stearates, dusts and the like.
  • the known methods for injecting ultrasonic energy into liquids with the aim of cleaning a plurality of juxtaposed strand-like products include plate immersion vibrators which are placed in containers filled with liquid.
  • the ultrasound energy The immersion transducer is irradiated over a large surface using low vibration amplitudes, ie up to 2 microns (microns), and low surface acoustic power densities, ie up to 1 watts per square centimeter (W / cm 2 ) in the cleaning fluid.
  • the string-like products to be cleaned which are to be cleaned, are drawn through the fluid of a large container, usually a basin.
  • the cleaning effect is not satisfactory and for use in round cross sections of the products to be cleaned, such as e.g. Wires and pipes unsuitable.
  • the width of the plate vibrator does not work on the curved surface of round cross sections.
  • the directly introduced sound power is only used in a small area. It must be used for cleaning several ultrasonic transducers.
  • DE 19706 007 C2 describes a method according to which the product to be cleaned is guided through a bore of a special bending vibrator which vibrates in the air and which is excited to vibrate by an ultrasonic sonotrode, into which cleaning liquid flows.
  • the object of the invention is to develop an arrangement for ultrasonic cleaning of several adjacent running, strand-like products such as wires, profiles and pipes, with which it is ensured that the introduced ultrasound of an ultrasonic transducer acts directly on the product to be cleaned and thereby achieves efficient cleaning is that only the liquid volume necessary for cleaning is excited with ultrasound, each of the adjacent running, strand-like products should be applied as uniformly as possible with ultrasound.
  • AT 350 493 B describes a method and apparatus for cleaning wires, pipes and rods in a liquid medium exposed to macro-sound.
  • the cleaning is in this case achieved in that the material to be treated is passed through a bore of a vibrating in the longitudinal axis of the bore horn through which simultaneously with the good in the same or opposite direction, a good enclosing the liquid medium is passed.
  • An arrangement of several holes transverse to the main vibration direction is not apparent from this solution.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is characterized in that in an along its longitudinal axis (x-axis) in air vibrating ultrasonic sonotrode with a thickness of more than ⁇ / 4, holes transversely (y-axis) to the main vibration direction (x-axis ) of the sonotrode are arranged for the implementation of the product to be cleaned, which are located at the outer edge of the sonotrode and approximately in series and at any distance from each other, so that the cleaning liquid in the bores both by the vibrations along the main vibration direction (x-axis) as is also excited by the thickness vibrations of the sonotrode material transversely to the main vibration direction (z-axis), wherein the cleaning fluid is supplied to the bores such that it fills them completely.
  • the core of the invention is an arrangement for the ultrasonic cleaning of a plurality of juxtaposed strand-like products, e.g. Wires, profiles and tubes by means of an ultrasonic excited cleaning liquid in a bore (3) of a sonotrode (1), which only slightly, i.
  • the ultrasonic sonotrode (1) with a thickness of more than a quarter of the sound wave oscillating along its longitudinal axis a plurality of bores (3) transversely to the longitudinal axis of the sonotrode (1 ) are arranged for the implementation of the product to be cleaned, which are located on the outer edge of the sonotrode (1) and approximately in series and at any distance from each other, wherein the holes (3) fully filling cleaning fluid in the holes (3) both by the vibrations along the longitudinal axis as well as by the thickness vibrations of the sonotrode material transversely to the longitudinal axis of the sonotrode (1) can be excited.
  • the ultrasound has an intensive effect on the surface of the material to be cleaned from all sides within the working bores. It is achieved 20 to 100 times the surface peel density compared to the known methods, so that with a comparable energy consumption, a much higher cleaning speed, for example, in the wire cleaning is achieved. It also saves cleaning liquid needed a smaller plant and reached a higher flow rate of the material to be cleaned. The environmental impact is reduced by the more efficient use of energy and the lower consumption of cleaning additives.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is suitable for the efficient cleaning of a plurality of juxtaposed strand-like products, e.g. Wires, profiles and tubes, but also several strands, applicable.
  • the appropriate ultrasonic power can be selected and used.
  • the oscillation amplitude of the sonotrode can be adjusted depending on the application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an ultrasonic sonotrode 1 is shown, which is excited by an ultrasonic transducer 2 to ultrasonic oscillations US along its longitudinal axis (x-axis).
  • a "thick" sonotrode with a rectangular or approximately rectangular cross-section with a thickness of ⁇ / 4 up to ⁇ / 2 is chosen in order to achieve an effectiveness both as a longitudinal oscillator and as a thickness oscillator.
  • holes 3 occur in a suitable arrangement of the holes thickness vibrations (z-axis), in arranged in the oscillation maximum bores 3 longitudinal vibrations (x-axis) occur.
  • longitudinal vibrations (x-axis) occur according to the distance of the bore 3 from the maximum vibration superpositions of longitudinal vibration components (x-axis) and thickness vibration components (y-axis). This ensures that each hole 3 undergoes an approximately equal application of ultrasonic power.
  • two sonotrodes 1 offset from each other can be arranged one behind the other.
  • the length of the sonotrode 1 is an arbitrary multiple of ⁇ / 2.
  • the sonotrode 1 has along the longitudinal axis (x-axis) a plurality of bores 3 in the upper and lower edge region through which the product to be cleaned, e.g. several adjacent wires 4, are performed.
  • the holes 3 may have different diameters and may be arranged at different distances from the outer edge of the sonotrode 1, where appropriate a Distance between the bore outer edge and the outer edge of the sonotrode 1 is selected between about 2mm to about 8mm, and the distance between the holes 3 may be selected differently.
  • the bores 3 of a row on the outer edge of the sonotrode 1 are sufficient.
  • the second row of holes 3, which should contain in each case symmetrically arranged holes with respect to the central axis of the sonotrode 1, serves to increase the service life of the sonotrode 1, which is subject to wear as a result of the cavitation effect. It also serves to comply with the symmetry conditions of sound propagation.
  • the sonotrode 1 can be reversed on wear of the holes 3 on one side and continue to be used by the use of the holes 3 on the other side.
  • the sonotrode 1 oscillates in the air with an amplitude set depending on the product to be cleaned.
  • the sonotrode 1 is preferably rectangular, but it can also be a round sonotrode 1 are used.
  • ⁇ / 2 is about 125 mm when using titanium as the sonotrode material.
  • the sonotrode 1 is selected with a cross section of, for example, 100 mm ⁇ 100 mm and an arbitrary length of a multiple of ⁇ / 2, for example of 2000 mm.
  • 100 bores 3 with a diameter of 10 mm per row are arranged in the sonotrode 1.
  • each bore 3 is subjected to about 40 watts of ultrasonic power. This corresponds to a power of about 14 watts / cm 3 bore volume.
  • the bore volume is about 7.85 cm 3 and is again reduced by about 5 cm 3 at a wire diameter of 8 mm, so that about 2.85 cm 3 cleaning fluid per hole 3 are to be stimulated.
  • Cleaning baths used according to the prior art achieve a volume sound power density of 0.015 to 0.03 watt / cm 3 .

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  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zur Ultraschallreinigung von mehreren nebeneinander verlaufenden, strangförmigen Erzeugnissen wie z.B. Drähte, Profile und Rohre mittels einer durch Ultraschall angeregten Flüssigkeit gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an arrangement for the ultrasonic cleaning of a plurality of juxtaposed, strand-like products such. Wires, profiles and tubes by means of an ultrasonic excited liquid according to the preamble of claim 1.

Es ist bereits bekannt, mehrere nebeneinander verlaufende, strangförmige Erzeugnisse mittels Ultraschall und Flüssigkeit zu reinigen.It is already known to clean several juxtaposed, strand-like products by means of ultrasound and liquid.

Der Reinigungseffekt beruht, wie bei allen Ultraschallreinigungsverfahren, auf dem Prinzip der Kavitation. Dazu wird die Ultraschallenergie in die Reinigungsflüssigkeit eingestrahlt, welche das zu reinigende Material umschließt oder umspült. In der Flüssigkeit kommt es zur Kavitation, d.h. Flüssigkeit bricht infolge der hohen Energie auseinander, es entstehen Bläschen, deren Inneres mit unter Unterdruck stehendem Gas gefüllt ist. Die Gasbläschen implodieren, dabei wird hohe Energie frei und eine starke Mikroströmung entsteht. Diese Strömung wirkt auf die verschmutzte Oberfläche des zu reinigenden Gutes und entfernt Rückstände wie Fette, Öle, Stearate, Stäube und dergleichen.The cleaning effect is based, as with all ultrasonic cleaning, on the principle of cavitation. For this purpose, the ultrasonic energy is radiated into the cleaning liquid, which encloses or surrounds the material to be cleaned. In the liquid cavitation occurs, i. Liquid breaks down due to the high energy, bubbles are formed, the interior of which is filled with negative pressure gas. The gas bubbles implode, releasing high energy and creating a strong microflow. This flow acts on the soiled surface of the material to be cleaned and removes residues such as fats, oils, stearates, dusts and the like.

Zu den bekannten Verfahren für das Einstrahlen von Ultraschallenergie in Flüssigkeiten mit dem Ziel der Reinigung von mehreren nebeneinander verlaufenden strangförmigen Erzeugnissen, gehören Platten-Tauchschwinger, welche in mit Flüssigkeit gefüllte Behälter eingebracht sind. Die Ultraschallenergie der Tauchschwinger wird dabei über eine große Oberfläche unter Verwendung von geringen Schwingungsamplituden, d.h. bis zu 2 Mikrometer (µm), und geringen Flächenschallleistungsdichten, d.h. bis zu 1 Watt pro Quadratzentimeter (W/cm2) in die Reinigungsflüssigkeit eingestrahlt. Bei den auf diesen Platten-Tauchschwingern basierenden Verfahren und Anordnungen werden die zu reinigenden, nebeneinander verlaufenden, strangförmigen Erzeugnisse durch die Flüssigkeit eines großen Behälters, in der Regel eines Beckens, gezogen. Aufgrund der geringen Flächenschallleistungsdichte von bis zu 1 W/cm2 werden bei dem großen Volumen eines Reinigungsbeckens nur geringe Volumenschallleistungsdichten von durchschnittlich etwa 15 Watt pro Liter (W/1) in der Flüssigkeit erreicht. Das mit der für diese Reinigungszwecke notwendigen Größe verbundene Flüssigkeitsvolumen des Reinigungsbeckens bedarf zudem eines hohen E-nergieeintrages. Die für die Reinigung an der Drahtoberfläche wirksam werdende Leistung liegt weit unter der Gesamtleistung des Ultraschallbeckens, da der Ultraschall nicht ausreichend zielgerichtet , d.h. an der Oberfläche des zu reinigenden Materials wirksam wird, sodass ein hoher Energieeinsatz notwendig wird, um den Reinigungseffekt zu erzielen.Among the known methods for injecting ultrasonic energy into liquids with the aim of cleaning a plurality of juxtaposed strand-like products include plate immersion vibrators which are placed in containers filled with liquid. The ultrasound energy The immersion transducer is irradiated over a large surface using low vibration amplitudes, ie up to 2 microns (microns), and low surface acoustic power densities, ie up to 1 watts per square centimeter (W / cm 2 ) in the cleaning fluid. In the methods and assemblies based on these plate immersion vibrators, the string-like products to be cleaned, which are to be cleaned, are drawn through the fluid of a large container, usually a basin. Due to the low surface acoustic power density of up to 1 W / cm 2 , only small volume sound power densities of about 15 watts per liter (W / 1) in the liquid are achieved with the large volume of a cleaning basin. The liquid volume of the cleaning basin connected with the size necessary for this cleaning purpose also requires a high input of e-energy. The performance that is effective for cleaning the wire surface is far below the overall performance of the ultrasonic bath because the ultrasound is not sufficiently targeted, ie effective on the surface of the material to be cleaned, so that a high energy input is necessary to achieve the cleaning effect.

Aus den US 41 00 926 und US 40 46 592 sind Verfahren bekannt, bei denen eine allgemein bekannte zylindrische Sonotrode verwendet wird, in welcher eine Durchführung eingebracht ist, durch welche der zu reinigende Draht geführt wird. Die Reinigungsflüssigkeit wird in Kammern und in der Durchführung mit dem zu reinigenden Material in Kontakt gebracht. Die Sonotrode muss in beiden Fällen ein relativ großes Wasservolumen anregen, so dass die Schallenergiekonzentration zu gering ist, um eine ausreichende Reinigungsleistung zu erzielen. Die Ultraschallenergie ist auch hier nicht auf ein kleines Volumen um die Oberfläche des zu reinigenden Materials konzentriert. Bei den bekannten Verfahren werden zur Unterstützung der unzureichenden Ultraschallreinigungsleistung häufig umweltbelastende z.B. sauren oder alkalischen Reiniger verwendet.From US 41 00 926 and US 40 46 592 methods are known in which a well-known cylindrical sonotrode is used, in which a bushing is introduced, through which the wire to be cleaned is guided. The cleaning liquid is brought into contact with the material to be cleaned in chambers and in the passage. The sonotrode in both cases must stimulate a relatively large volume of water, so that the sound energy concentration is too low to achieve a sufficient cleaning performance. Again, the ultrasonic energy is not limited to a small volume around the surface of the to be cleaned Concentrated materials. In the known methods are used to support the inadequate ultrasonic cleaning performance often polluting eg acidic or alkaline cleaner.

In der US 47 88 992 wird eine Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Streifen beschrieben, mit der nur unwesentlich bessere Reinigungseffekte erreichbar sind, die jedoch für die Drahtreinigung ungeeignet und uneffektiv ist. Bei dieser Anordnung wird das zu reinigende Band oder die Streifen in einer Reinigungskammer zwischen zwei getrennt voneinander mit unterschiedlichen Frequenzen schwingende Plattenschwinger geführt. Zwischen den Platten ist eine Reinigungsflüssigkeit eingeströmt, die durch die Schwingungen der Membranplatten angeregt auf die Oberfläche des zu reinigenden Bandes einwirkt. Die Plattenschwinger sind technologisch bedingt, d.h. infolge ihrer Materialbeschaffenheit und der notwendigerweise geringen Dicke sowie der Geometrie der Platten, nur für kleine Amplituden und damit für kleine Flächenschallleistungsdichten und daher auch nur für kleine Volumenschallleistungsdichten, und nur für bandförmige Erzeugnisse einsetzbar. Der Reinigungseffekt ist nicht befriedigend und für die Anwendung bei runden Querschnitten der zu reinigenden Erzeugnisse wie z.B. Drähte und Rohre ungeeignet. Die Breite der Plattenschwinger kommt an der gewölbten Oberfläche von runden Querschnitten nicht zur Wirkung. Die direkt eingebrachte Schalleistung wird nur in einem kleinen Bereich genutzt. Es müssen zur Reinigung mehrere Ultraschallwandler eingesetzt werden.In US 47 88 992 a device for cleaning strips is described, with the only slightly better cleaning effects can be achieved, which is unsuitable for wire cleaning and ineffective. In this arrangement, the band or strips to be cleaned are guided in a cleaning chamber between two plate oscillators, which are vibrated separately at different frequencies. Between the plates, a cleaning liquid has flowed in, which is excited by the vibrations of the membrane plates acting on the surface of the belt to be cleaned. The plate vibrators are technologically conditioned, i. due to their material properties and the necessarily small thickness and the geometry of the plates, only for small amplitudes and thus for small surface acoustic power densities and therefore only for small volume sound power densities, and only for strip-shaped products used. The cleaning effect is not satisfactory and for use in round cross sections of the products to be cleaned, such as e.g. Wires and pipes unsuitable. The width of the plate vibrator does not work on the curved surface of round cross sections. The directly introduced sound power is only used in a small area. It must be used for cleaning several ultrasonic transducers.

Aus der DE 196 02 917 C2 sind ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung bekannt, nach denen das zu reinigende Erzeugnis durch eine an den Durchmesser des Erzeugnisses angepasste Bohrung einer in der Luft schwingenden Ultraschall-Sonotrode geführt wird, in die Reinigungsflüssigkeit eingeströmt wird.From DE 196 02 917 C2 a method and a device are known, according to which the product to be cleaned is guided through a matched to the diameter of the product bore of an ultrasonic sonotrode vibrating in the air, is flowed into the cleaning liquid.

Dokument DE 197 06 007 C2, der für dem Gegenstand des Anspruchs 1 als nächstliegender Stand der Technik angesehen wird offenbart eine Anordnung gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.Document DE 197 06 007 C2, which is regarded as the closest prior art for the subject matter of claim 1, discloses an arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1.

In der DE 19706 007 C2 wird ein Verfahren beschrieben, nach dem das zu reinigende Erzeugnis durch eine Bohrung eines in der Luft schwingenden speziellen Biegeschwingers, welcher durch eine Ultraschall-Sonotrode zu Schwingungen angeregt wird, geführt wird, in welche Reinigungsflüssigkeit eingeströmt wird.DE 19706 007 C2 describes a method according to which the product to be cleaned is guided through a bore of a special bending vibrator which vibrates in the air and which is excited to vibrate by an ultrasonic sonotrode, into which cleaning liquid flows.

Durch diese Verfahren wird bereits ein geringes, das zu reinigende Material umschließendes oder umströmendes direkt in einer Arbeitsbohrung der speziell ausgebildeten Sonotrode durch Ultraschall sehr intensiv angeregt. Aufgrund der möglichen hohen Amplituden und der damit verbundenen hohen Flächenschallleistungsdichte entsteht bei beschriebenem geringen Volumen eine sehr hohe Volumenschallleistungsdichte. Das resultierende intensive Kavitationsfeld bewirkt eine sehr direkte und effektive.By this method, even a small, the material to be cleaned enclosing or flowing around excited very intense in a working bore of the specially trained sonotrode by ultrasound. Due to the possible high amplitudes and the associated high surface acoustic power density arises at described low volume, a very high volume sound power density. The resulting intense cavitation field causes a very direct and effective.

Mehrere nebeneinander verlaufende, strangförmige Erzeugnisse, wie z.B. Drähte, Rohre, Profile oder dergleichen mit einer Querschnittsdiagonalen von mehreren Zentimetern können nach diesen o.g. Verfahren nicht gereinigt werden.Several juxtaposed strand-like products, e.g. Wires, pipes, profiles or the like with a cross-sectional diagonal of several centimeters can after these o.g. Procedure should not be cleaned.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Anordnung zur Ultraschallreinigung von mehreren nebeneinander verlaufenden, strangförmigen Erzeugnissen wie z.B. Drähte, Profile und Rohre zu entwickeln, mit der gewährleistet ist, dass der eingebrachte Ultraschall eines Ultraschallwandlers am zu reinigenden Erzeugnis direkt einwirkt und eine effiziente Reinigung dadurch erzielt wird, dass nur das für die Reinigung notwendige Flüssigkeitsvolumen mit Ultraschall angeregt wird, wobei jedes einzelne der nebeneinander verlaufenden, strangförmigen Erzeugnisse möglichst gleichmäßig mit Ultraschall beaufschlagt werden soll.The object of the invention is to develop an arrangement for ultrasonic cleaning of several adjacent running, strand-like products such as wires, profiles and pipes, with which it is ensured that the introduced ultrasound of an ultrasonic transducer acts directly on the product to be cleaned and thereby achieves efficient cleaning is that only the liquid volume necessary for cleaning is excited with ultrasound, each of the adjacent running, strand-like products should be applied as uniformly as possible with ultrasound.

Die AT 350 493 B beschreibt ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Drähten, Rohren und Stangen in einem Makroschall ausgesetzten flüssigen Medium.
Die Reinigung wird hierbei dadurch erreicht, dass das zu behandelnde Gut durch eine Bohrung eines in der Längsachse der Bohrung schwingenden Hornes geführt wird, durch welche gleichzeitig mit dem Gut in gleicher oder entgegengesetzter Richtung ein das Gut umschließendes flüssiges Medium geleitet wird.
Eine Anordnung mehrerer Bohrungen quer zur Hauptschwingungsrichtung ist dieser Lösung nicht zu entnehmen.
AT 350 493 B describes a method and apparatus for cleaning wires, pipes and rods in a liquid medium exposed to macro-sound.
The cleaning is in this case achieved in that the material to be treated is passed through a bore of a vibrating in the longitudinal axis of the bore horn through which simultaneously with the good in the same or opposite direction, a good enclosing the liquid medium is passed.
An arrangement of several holes transverse to the main vibration direction is not apparent from this solution.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ergibt sich aus den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1.The solution to this problem arises from the features of claim 1.

Danach ist die Anordnung nach der Erfindung dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einer entlang ihrer Längsachse (x-Achse) in Luft schwingenden Ultraschall-Sonotrode mit einer Dicke von mehr als λ/4, Bohrungen quer (y-Achse) zur Hauptschwingungsrichtung (x-Achse) der Sonotrode für die Durchführung des zu reinigenden Erzeugnisses angeordnet sind, welche sich am äußeren Rand der Sonotrode und annähernd in Reihe und in beliebigen Abständen zueinander befinden, sodass die Reinigungsflüssigkeit in den Bohrungen sowohl durch die Schwingungen entlang der Hauptschwingungsrichtung (x-Achse) als auch durch die Dickenschwingungen des Sonotrodenmaterials quer zur Hauptschwingungsrichtung (z-Achse) angeregt wird, wobei die Reinigungsflüssigkeit den Bohrungen derart zugeführt wird, dass sie diese voll ausfüllt.Thereafter, the arrangement according to the invention is characterized in that in an along its longitudinal axis (x-axis) in air vibrating ultrasonic sonotrode with a thickness of more than λ / 4, holes transversely (y-axis) to the main vibration direction (x-axis ) of the sonotrode are arranged for the implementation of the product to be cleaned, which are located at the outer edge of the sonotrode and approximately in series and at any distance from each other, so that the cleaning liquid in the bores both by the vibrations along the main vibration direction (x-axis) as is also excited by the thickness vibrations of the sonotrode material transversely to the main vibration direction (z-axis), wherein the cleaning fluid is supplied to the bores such that it fills them completely.

Mit anderen Worten bildet den Kern der Erfindung eine Anordnung zur Ultraschallreinigung von mehreren nebeneinander verlaufenden, strangförmigen Erzeugnissen wie z.B. Drähte, Profile und Rohre mittels einer durch Ultraschall angeregten Reinigungsflüssigkeit in einer Bohrung (3) einer Sonotrode (1), welche nur geringfügig, d.h. 5 - 50 % größer als der Durchmesser des zu reinigenden Erzeugnisses ist, wobei in der entlang ihrer Längsachse in Luft schwingenden Ultraschall Sonotrode (1) mit einer Dicke von mehr als ein Viertel der Schallwelle mehrere Bohrungen (3) quer zur Längsachse der Sonotrode (1) für die Durchführung des zu reinigenden Erzeugnisses angeordnet sind, welche sich am äußeren Rand der Sonotrode (1) und annähernd in Reihe und in beliebigen Abständen zueinander befinden, wobei die die Bohrungen (3) voll ausfüllende Reinigungsflüssigkeit in den Bohrungen (3) sowohl durch die Schwingungen entlang der Längsachse als auch durch die Dickenschwingungen des Sonotrodenmaterials quer zur Längsachse der Sonotrode (1) anregbar ist.In other words, the core of the invention is an arrangement for the ultrasonic cleaning of a plurality of juxtaposed strand-like products, e.g. Wires, profiles and tubes by means of an ultrasonic excited cleaning liquid in a bore (3) of a sonotrode (1), which only slightly, i. 5-50% larger than the diameter of the product to be cleaned, wherein in the ultrasonic sonotrode (1) with a thickness of more than a quarter of the sound wave oscillating along its longitudinal axis a plurality of bores (3) transversely to the longitudinal axis of the sonotrode (1 ) are arranged for the implementation of the product to be cleaned, which are located on the outer edge of the sonotrode (1) and approximately in series and at any distance from each other, wherein the holes (3) fully filling cleaning fluid in the holes (3) both by the vibrations along the longitudinal axis as well as by the thickness vibrations of the sonotrode material transversely to the longitudinal axis of the sonotrode (1) can be excited.

Durch die Verwendung einer speziellen dicken Sonotrode mit einer Vielzahl von Bohrungen am äußeren Sonotrodenrand vertikal zur Anregungsebene (x-Achse), durch die das zu reinigende Erzeugnis geführt wird, wird erreicht, dass mit einem einzigen Ultraschallwandler hoher Leistung, zum Beispiel von vier Kilowatt, eine effiziente Reinigung durch das Einwirken von Dickenschwingungen (z-Achse) in den Bohrungen im Schwingungsknoten und von Längsschwingungen (x-Achse) in den Bohrungen im Schwingungsmaximum und von Mischformen der Schwingungen in den Bohrungen dazwischen erreicht wird.By using a special thick sonotrode with a large number of holes at the outer edge of the sonotrode vertical to the excitation plane (x-axis), through which the product to be cleaned is guided, it is achieved that with a single ultrasonic transducer of high power, for example of four kilowatts, an efficient cleaning is achieved by the action of thickness vibrations (z-axis) in the bores in the vibration node and of longitudinal vibrations (x-axis) in the bores in the oscillation maximum and of mixing the vibrations in the bores in between.

Durch die Konzentration des für die Reinigung wirksamen Flüssigkeitsvolumens in den Arbeitsbohrungen der dicken Sonotrode wird die eingebrachte Ultraschalleistung auf dieses kleine Volumen konzentriert, sodass mit geringem Energieaufwand ein intensives Kavitationsfeld entsteht, in dem eine hocheffektive Reinigung des durchlaufenden Erzeugnisses gewährleistet ist. Der Ultraschall wirkt innerhalb der Arbeitsbohrungen von allen Seiten in geringem Abstand intensiv auf die Oberfläche des zu reinigenden Materials. Es wird eine 20- bis 100-fache Flächenschalleistungsdichte gegenüber den bekannten Verfahren erreicht, so dass mit einem vergleichbaren Energieaufwand eine wesentlich höhere Reinigungsgeschwindigkeit, zum Beispiel bei der Drahtreinigung erzielt wird. Es wird außerdem Reinigungsflüssigkeit eingespart, eine kleinere Anlage benötigt und eine höhere Durchlaufgeschwindigkeit des zu reinigenden Gutes erreicht. Die Umweltbelastung wird durch die effizientere Energienutzung und den geringeren Verbrauch von Reinigungszusätzen reduziert.Concentrating the cleaning volume of liquid in the working bores of the thick sonotrode concentrates the applied ultrasound power to this small volume, creating an intense cavitation field with low energy expenditure, which provides highly effective cleaning of the product passing through is guaranteed. The ultrasound has an intensive effect on the surface of the material to be cleaned from all sides within the working bores. It is achieved 20 to 100 times the surface peel density compared to the known methods, so that with a comparable energy consumption, a much higher cleaning speed, for example, in the wire cleaning is achieved. It also saves cleaning liquid needed a smaller plant and reached a higher flow rate of the material to be cleaned. The environmental impact is reduced by the more efficient use of energy and the lower consumption of cleaning additives.

Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung ist für die effiziente Reinigung mehrerer nebeneinander verlaufender, strangförmiger Erzeugnisse, wie z.B. Drähte, Profile und Rohren, aber auch mehrerer Litzen, anwendbar.The arrangement according to the invention is suitable for the efficient cleaning of a plurality of juxtaposed strand-like products, e.g. Wires, profiles and tubes, but also several strands, applicable.

Für jeden Querschnitt oder für jede Materialart kann die geeignete Ultraschalleistung ausgewählt und eingesetzt werden. Die Schwingungsamplitude der Sonotrode kann je nach Anwendungsfall eingestellt werden.For each section or type of material, the appropriate ultrasonic power can be selected and used. The oscillation amplitude of the sonotrode can be adjusted depending on the application.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der Unteransprüche.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the features of the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand eines in der einzigen Figur dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles einer dicken Sonotrode näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment of a thick sonotrode shown in the single figure.

In der einzigen Fig. 1 ist in schematischer Schnittdarstellung eine Ultraschall-Sonotrode 1 gezeigt, die durch einen Ultraschallwandler 2 zu Ultraschall-Schwingungen US entlang ihrer Längsachse (x-Achse) angeregt wird.In the only Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an ultrasonic sonotrode 1 is shown, which is excited by an ultrasonic transducer 2 to ultrasonic oscillations US along its longitudinal axis (x-axis).

Als Sonotrode 1 ist eine "dicke" Sonotrode mit einem rechteckigen oder annähernd rechteckigen Querschnitt mit einer Dicke von λ/4 bis zu λ/2 gewählt, damit eine Wirksamkeit sowohl als Längsschwinger als auch Dickenschwinger erreicht wird.As sonotrode 1, a "thick" sonotrode with a rectangular or approximately rectangular cross-section with a thickness of λ / 4 up to λ / 2 is chosen in order to achieve an effectiveness both as a longitudinal oscillator and as a thickness oscillator.

In im Schwingungsknoten der Ultraschallschwingungen US angeordnete Bohrungen 3 treten bei einer geeigneten Anordnung der Bohrungen Dickenschwingungen (z-Achse), in im Schwingungsmaximum angeordnete Bohrungen 3 treten Längsschwingungen (x-Achse) auf. In den dazwischen angeordneten Bohrungen 3 treten entsprechend der Entfernung der Bohrung 3 vom Schwingungsmaximum Überlagerungen von Längsschwingungskomponenten (x-Achse) und Dickenschwingungskomponenten (y-Achse) auf. Dadurch wird gewährleistet, dass jede Bohrung 3 eine etwa gleiche Beaufschlagung mit Ultraschall-Leistung erfährt.In arranged in the vibration node of the ultrasonic vibrations US holes 3 occur in a suitable arrangement of the holes thickness vibrations (z-axis), in arranged in the oscillation maximum bores 3 longitudinal vibrations (x-axis) occur. In the interposed holes 3 occur according to the distance of the bore 3 from the maximum vibration superpositions of longitudinal vibration components (x-axis) and thickness vibration components (y-axis). This ensures that each hole 3 undergoes an approximately equal application of ultrasonic power.

Um eventuell in den Bohrungen 3 auftretende ungleichmäßige Ultraschallbeaufschlagungen zu kompensieren, welche eine ungleichmäßige Reinigung der nebeneinander verlaufenden Erzeugnisse bewirken würden, können zwei Sonotroden 1 zueinander versetzt hintereinander angeordnet werden.In order to compensate for any uneven Ultraschallbeaufschlagungen occurring in the holes 3, which would cause uneven cleaning of adjacent products, two sonotrodes 1 offset from each other can be arranged one behind the other.

Die Länge der Sonotrode 1 ist ein beliebiges Vielfaches von λ/2.The length of the sonotrode 1 is an arbitrary multiple of λ / 2.

Die Sonotrode 1 weist entlang der Längsachse (x-Achse) eine Vielzahl von Bohrungen 3 im oberen und unteren Randbereich auf, durch welche das zu reinigende Erzeugnis, z.B. mehrere nebeneinander verlaufende Drähte 4, geführt werden.The sonotrode 1 has along the longitudinal axis (x-axis) a plurality of bores 3 in the upper and lower edge region through which the product to be cleaned, e.g. several adjacent wires 4, are performed.

Die Bohrungen 3 können unterschiedliche Durchmesser aufweisen und können im unterschiedlichen Abstand von der Außenkante der Sonotrode 1 angeordnet sein, wobei zweckmäßig ein Abstand zwischen der Bohrungsaußenkante und der Außenkante der Sonotrode 1 zwischen etwa 2mm bis etwa 8mm gewählt ist, und der Abstand zwischen den Bohrungen 3 kann unterschiedlich gewählt sein.The holes 3 may have different diameters and may be arranged at different distances from the outer edge of the sonotrode 1, where appropriate a Distance between the bore outer edge and the outer edge of the sonotrode 1 is selected between about 2mm to about 8mm, and the distance between the holes 3 may be selected differently.

Für die Funktion der Anordnung reichen die Bohrungen 3 einer Reihe an der Außenkante der Sonotrode 1 aus.For the function of the arrangement, the bores 3 of a row on the outer edge of the sonotrode 1 are sufficient.

Die zweite Reihe von Bohrungen 3, die in Bezug auf die Mittelachse der Sonotrode 1 jeweils symmetrisch angeordnete Bohrungen enthalten sollte, dient der Erhöhung der Lebensdauer der Sonotrode 1, welche infolge der Kavitationseinwirkung einem Verschleiß unterliegt. Sie dient des weiteren der Einhaltung der Symmetriebedingungen der Schallausbreitung. Die Sonotrode 1 kann bei Verschleiß der Bohrungen 3 auf der einen Seite umgedreht und durch die Verwendung der Bohrungen 3 auf der anderen Seite weiter verwendet werden.The second row of holes 3, which should contain in each case symmetrically arranged holes with respect to the central axis of the sonotrode 1, serves to increase the service life of the sonotrode 1, which is subject to wear as a result of the cavitation effect. It also serves to comply with the symmetry conditions of sound propagation. The sonotrode 1 can be reversed on wear of the holes 3 on one side and continue to be used by the use of the holes 3 on the other side.

Wenn an die Sonotrode 1 ein für den jeweiligen Anwendungsfall ausreichend dimensionierter Ultraschallprozessor 2 angeschlossen wird, dann gerät die in die Bohrungen 3 eingeleitete Reinigungsflüssigkeit in Schwingungen, die sich von der Flüssigkeit auf die Oberfläche eines durch die Bohrungen 3 konzentrisch durchgeleiteten Erzeugnisses übertragen. Es ist darauf zu achten, dass die Flüssigkeit die Bohrungen 3 voll ausfüllt.When an ultrasonic processor 2 of sufficient size for the particular application is connected to the sonotrode 1, the cleaning liquid introduced into the bores 3 vibrates, which are transferred from the liquid to the surface of a product which is passed concentrically through the bores 3. It is important to ensure that the liquid fills the holes 3 fully.

Durch die Konzentration der eingestrahlten Ultraschalleistung auf das kleine Volumen in der Bohrungen 3 und insbesondere auf das Volumen zwischen der Wandung der Bohrungen 3 und den konzentrisch in den Bohrungen 3 geführten strangförmigen Erzeugnissen wird ein sehr intensives Kavitationsfeld gebildet, in welchem eine sehr intensive Reinigung der Drahtoberfläche von allen Verschmutzungen erfolgt. Die gelösten Verunreinigungen werden mit der Reinigungsflüssigkeit zur jeweils anderen Seite der Bohrungen 3 herausgespült. Die Reinigungsflüssigkeit kann nach einer entsprechenden Aufbereitung dem Prozess erneut zugeführt werden.By concentrating the irradiated ultrasonic power on the small volume in the holes 3 and in particular on the volume between the wall of the holes 3 and the concentric guided in the holes 3 strand-shaped products, a very intense cavitation field is formed, in which a very intensive cleaning of the wire surface from all soiling. The dissolved impurities are mixed with the cleaning fluid flushed out to the other side of the holes 3. The cleaning liquid can be fed to the process again after a corresponding preparation.

Die Sonotrode 1 schwingt mit einer in Abhängigkeit vom zu reinigenden Erzeugnis eingestellten Amplitude in der Luft. Die Sonotrode 1 ist vorzugsweise rechteckig ausgeführt, es kann jedoch auch eine runde Sonotrode 1 zum Einsatz kommen.The sonotrode 1 oscillates in the air with an amplitude set depending on the product to be cleaned. The sonotrode 1 is preferably rectangular, but it can also be a round sonotrode 1 are used.

Die Leistungsfähigkeit wird nachfolgend an einer konkreten Ausführung der Anlage nach der Erfindung verdeutlicht.The performance is illustrated below on a specific embodiment of the system according to the invention.

Wenn beispielsweise eine Frequenz von zwanzig Kilohertz zum Einsatz kommt, dann beträgt λ/2 bei der Verwendung von Titan als Sonotrodenmaterial etwa 125 mm. Die Sonotrode 1 wird mit einem Querschnitt von beispielsweise 100 mm x 100 mm und einer beliebigen Länge eines Vielfachen von λ/2, zum Beispiel von 2000 mm, gewählt. Es werden in der Sonotrode 1 beispielsweise 100 Bohrungen 3 mit einem Durchmesser von jeweils 10 mm pro Reihe angeordnet. Wenn der Ultraschallwandler 2 mit einer Leistung von vier Kilowatt eingesetzt wird, dann wird jede Bohrung 3 mit etwa 40 Watt Ultraschall-Leistung beaufschlagt. Das entspricht einer Leistung von etwa 14 Watt/cm3 Bohrungsvolumen. Das Bohrungsvolumen beträgt etwa 7,85 cm3 und wird bei einem Drahtdurchmesser von 8 mm nochmals um etwa 5 cm3 reduziert, sodass etwa 2,85 cm3 Reinigungsflüssigkeit je Bohrung 3 anzuregen sind.For example, if a frequency of twenty kilohertz is used, then λ / 2 is about 125 mm when using titanium as the sonotrode material. The sonotrode 1 is selected with a cross section of, for example, 100 mm × 100 mm and an arbitrary length of a multiple of λ / 2, for example of 2000 mm. For example, 100 bores 3 with a diameter of 10 mm per row are arranged in the sonotrode 1. If the ultrasonic transducer 2 is used with a power of four kilowatts, then each bore 3 is subjected to about 40 watts of ultrasonic power. This corresponds to a power of about 14 watts / cm 3 bore volume. The bore volume is about 7.85 cm 3 and is again reduced by about 5 cm 3 at a wire diameter of 8 mm, so that about 2.85 cm 3 cleaning fluid per hole 3 are to be stimulated.

Nach dem Stand der Technik angewendete Reinigungsbäder erreichen eine Volumenschallleistungsdichte von 0,015 bis 0, 03 Watt/cm3.Cleaning baths used according to the prior art achieve a volume sound power density of 0.015 to 0.03 watt / cm 3 .

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Ultraschall-SonotrodeUltrasonic horn
22
Ultraschall-WandlerUltrasound transducer
33
Bohrungendrilling
44
Draht (zu reinigendes Erzeugnis)Wire (product to be cleaned)

Claims (5)

  1. Ultrasonic cleaning system for cleaning extending strand-like products, such as for example wires, profiles and pipes by means of an ultrasonically excited cleaning liquid in a bore (3) of a sonotrode (1), which is only slightly, i.e. from 5 to 50 % , larger than the diameter of the product to be cleaned,
    characterized in that,
    in the ultrasonic sonotrode (1), which oscillates in air along its longitudinal axis and comprises a thickness of more than a quarter of the sound wave, a plurality of bores (3) is disposed transversely to the longitudinal axis of the sonotrode (1) for guiding a plurality of parallel extending products which are to be cleaned through the bores (3) which are located at the outer edge of the sonotrode (1) and located approximately in a row and spaced at any desired distance with respect to each other,
    wherein the cleaning liquid in the bores (3) which fills the bores (3) completely can be excited both by the oscillations along the longitudinal axis and by the thickness oscillations of the sonotrode material transversely to the longitudinal axis of the sonotrode (1).
  2. The system according to claim 1,
    wherein
    the distance of the respective outer edge of the bore from the outer edge of the sonotrode (1) is in the range of 2 mm to 8 mm.
  3. The system according to claims 1 or 2,
    wherein
    the bores (3) are disposed symmetrically to each other in two rows with respect to the longitudinal axis of the sonotrode (1) in order to increase the durability of the sonotrode (1) and in order to maintain symmetry conditions for the propagation of sound.
  4. The system according to one of claims 1 to 3,
    wherein
    the sonotrode (1) comprises a rectangular profile.
  5. The system according to one of claims 1 to 4,
    wherein
    two sonotrodes (1) are disposed in a staggered manner one behind the other.
EP02779522A 2001-10-31 2002-10-31 Ultrasonic cleaning system for cleaning a plurality of parallel extending, strand-like products, such as for example wires, profiles and pipes Expired - Lifetime EP1439918B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10153701 2001-10-31
DE10153701A DE10153701C1 (en) 2001-10-31 2001-10-31 Arrangement for cleaning products with a substantially circular cross-section such as wires, profiles, pipes
PCT/EP2002/012179 WO2003037538A1 (en) 2001-10-31 2002-10-31 Ultrasonic cleaning system for cleaning a plurality of parallel extending, strand-like products, such as for example wires, profiles and pipes

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EP1439918A1 EP1439918A1 (en) 2004-07-28
EP1439918B1 true EP1439918B1 (en) 2007-05-16

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US (1) US7299662B2 (en)
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JP (1) JP4683841B2 (en)
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US7299662B2 (en) 2007-11-27
ES2286297T3 (en) 2007-12-01
CN1246091C (en) 2006-03-22
EP1439918A1 (en) 2004-07-28
WO2003037538A1 (en) 2003-05-08
DE50210173D1 (en) 2007-06-28
US20040250843A1 (en) 2004-12-16
JP2005525920A (en) 2005-09-02
JP4683841B2 (en) 2011-05-18
CN1568231A (en) 2005-01-19

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