EP1436046A1 - Respiratory apparatus for compressed-air breathing equipment - Google Patents

Respiratory apparatus for compressed-air breathing equipment

Info

Publication number
EP1436046A1
EP1436046A1 EP02772059A EP02772059A EP1436046A1 EP 1436046 A1 EP1436046 A1 EP 1436046A1 EP 02772059 A EP02772059 A EP 02772059A EP 02772059 A EP02772059 A EP 02772059A EP 1436046 A1 EP1436046 A1 EP 1436046A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive motor
air
valve seat
regulator according
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02772059A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1436046B1 (en
Inventor
Jan Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MSA Auer GmbH
Original Assignee
MSA Auer GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MSA Auer GmbH filed Critical MSA Auer GmbH
Publication of EP1436046A1 publication Critical patent/EP1436046A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1436046B1 publication Critical patent/EP1436046B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B9/00—Component parts for respiratory or breathing apparatus
    • A62B9/02—Valves
    • A62B9/022—Breathing demand regulators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
    • B63C11/18—Air supply
    • B63C11/22—Air supply carried by diver
    • B63C11/2227—Second-stage regulators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a regulator for compressed air breathing apparatus, with a valve device controlled by breathing for regulating the air supply to a breathing mask.
  • Regulators have been known for a long time. They are connected between the pressure reducing valve of a compressed air reservoir and the respirator mask and, in accordance with the breathing cycle, serve to provide a certain amount of breathing air at a pressure suitable for the human organism.
  • the valve device for releasing and regulating the air supply from the pressure reducer to the breathing mask is actuated with the aid of a control membrane which is moved when the user inhales due to the negative pressure generated.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of designing a regulator of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that its small size is trouble-free Function and a regulation of the air supply adaptable to the specific breathing conditions of the user is guaranteed.
  • the basic idea of the invention is that the actuation of the valve device or the release of the air supply to the user when inhaling and the interruption of the air supply when exhaling is carried out by a drive motor controlled by a pressure sensor.
  • a closing part assigned to the outlet opening in the valve seat on the basis of the pressure signaled in the lung regulator during inhalation and exhalation from the pressure meter via a control to the drive motor opens or closes this outlet opening to a greater or lesser extent.
  • the regulator according to the invention comprises a housing in which a valve seat with a centrally arranged air inlet duct, a closing part assigned to the air inlet duct and a drive motor for the closing part are accommodated.
  • the pressure sensor for detecting the pressure prevailing in the respiratory phase in question is located in a measuring space connecting the air inlet channel and the air inlet channel formed in the housing and connected to the respirator mask, on the basis of which the drive motor is controlled via a control unit according to a predetermined control characteristic.
  • the regulation of the air supply is very even and adapted to the actual needs of the user or the breathing conditions. Due to the valve actuation with a drive motor controlled by the measured pressure, only a few mechanical components are required. This increases the service life and reduces the susceptibility to faults. Compared to the known devices, the size is significantly smaller. In particular, malfunctions due to external mechanical effects on the lung automat are essentially excluded. The noises known from the mechanically controlled automatic peep machines do not occur in the device according to the invention.
  • the drive motor which is connected to the closing part of the valve device via a drive element, is elastically mounted. If an inadmissibly high air pressure acts on the closing part, for example in the event of a defect in the pressure reducing valve known to be upstream of the regulator, pressure compensation can take place due to the elastic mounting of the drive motor and thus also the elastic mounting of the closing part.
  • valve seat with the central air inlet opening can be adjusted manually, so that in the event of a malfunction of the movement of the closing part due to the manual movement of the valve seat, an air supply to the user is nevertheless possible.
  • Fig.l a first embodiment of a regulator according to the invention with a translationally moved closing part for releasing and controlling the air supply to the user;
  • FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the regulator with a closure member for the air supply which regulates the air supply by means of a rotary movement
  • FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment variant of the regulator with an elastically designed closure element which, due to its change in length, leads the airway over the respiratory mask
  • a lung regulator shown in Fig.l comprises a housing 1 with a measuring chamber 2, which can be excluded on the air outlet side via an air outlet channel 3 to the respiratory mask (not shown).
  • a valve seat 4 On the air inlet side connected to a pressure reducer (not shown) via a medium pressure line, a valve seat 4 is arranged in the housing 1 and can be adjusted in the axial direction by manual rotary movement in accordance with the arrow A.
  • a sealing ring 5 is provided between valve seat 4 and housing 1 for sealing.
  • the air supply according to arrow B from the medium pressure line (not shown) into the housing 1 takes place via an air inlet duct 6 which runs axially in the valve seat 4 and which can be closed by a closing part 7 which is movable in the axial direction (arrow C) with the aid of a drive motor 8.
  • the locking part 7 is for close the front opening part 4a of the valve seat 4 formed as a closing cone 7a.
  • the drive motor 8 is accommodated in a drive housing 9 which, under the action of a safety spring 10, is pressed toward the air inlet side (arrow D) against a stop surface 11.
  • the drive housing and a drive element (drive spindle) 12 provided between the drive motor 8 and the closing part 7 are sealed off from the measuring chamber 2 by ring seals 13 and 14.
  • a pressure sensor 15 is connected to the measuring space 2, which represents a connection space between the air inlet duct 6 and the air outlet duct 3.
  • the pressure sensor 15 is connected to the drive motor 8 via a controller 16.
  • a power supply 17 is connected to the drive motor 8 and the pressure sensor 15.
  • the drawing shows the regulator in the upper one
  • the drive motor 8 receives a signal corresponding to the change in the pressure via the control 16 and pulls it Lock part back (lower half of the picture).
  • the air supplied via a medium pressure line (not shown) can flow via the air inlet duct 6, the measuring space (connection space) 2 and the air outlet duct 3 to the respiratory protection mask (not shown). Since the control of the drive motor 8 takes place on the basis of the respective pressure conditions, one must take into account the prevailing conditions. Precisely adapted air supply to the user is possible.
  • the pressure sensor 15 controls the drive motor 8 due to the pressure increase in such a way that the closing part 7 is moved towards the valve seat 4 and seals the valve seat 4, so that no breathing air can flow in from the medium pressure line.
  • the safety spring 10 acting on the drive housing 9 serves to push back the closing part 7 together with the drive housing 9 in the event of an impermissibly high pressure, for example in the case of a defective pressure reducer, and to release the opening of the valve seat 4 so that the air can flow out ,
  • valve seat 4 can be unscrewed from the housing 1 by hand. As a result, breathing air can be supplied to the user even in the case of a defective drive motor 8 which is no longer able to pull the closing part 7 back and open the air inlet duct 6.
  • FIG. 2 differs from the one described above only with regard to the design of the valve device.
  • This consists of a valve seat 4 with an inner cylinder 18, the cylinder wall of which has first through bores 19.
  • the closing part is designed as a closing pot 20 which surrounds the inner cylinder 18 and can be rotated about its longitudinal axis with the aid of the drive motor 8.
  • Two seals 23 and 24 are provided, which are arranged so that the through holes are between them.
  • the control of the air supply to the respiratory mask via the lung automats takes place in this embodiment variant in such a way that, due to the pressure conditions prevailing during inhalation and transmitted from the pressure meter 15 to the control 16 in the measuring chamber 2, the drive motor 8 sets the closing pot 20 in a rotary motion and its through bore 21 via the through bore 19 of the inner cylinder 18 (extension of the valve seat). Depending on how far the second through hole 21 covers the first through hole 19 in accordance with the determined pressure, the user is supplied with a corresponding amount of air.
  • the open valve position is shown in the upper half of the figure, so that the inhalation air flows according to arrows B and E from the medium pressure line via the air inlet duct 6, the through holes 19 and 21, the measuring chamber 2 and the air outlet duct 3 to the respirator mask.
  • Fig. 2 shows the fully closed valve position during exhalation, in which the closing pot 20 was rotated due to the increased pressure from the drive motor 8 in a position sealing the through holes 19, which is illustrated in Fig. 2 by the sealing surface.
  • the effect of the safety spring 10 arises from the fact that if the pressure from the medium-pressure line is too high, the locking pot 20 is moved in the axial direction against the elastic force of the safety spring 10. This removes the sealing effect of the front seal 24 so that the air can flow out. If, for example, due to a defective drive motor 8, the closing pot 20 cannot be rotated and therefore no breathing air can be passed to the user, it is possible in this second embodiment to manually turn the valve seat 4 with the inner cylinder 18 in such a way that one of the first through bores 19 also the second through hole 21 in the closing cup 20 is made to coincide, so that breathing air can flow to the respirator.
  • the valve device for releasing or interrupting the air supply is designed as a valve element 25 which is elastically extendable in the longitudinal direction and has valve openings 26 integrated in its elastic part.
  • the elastic valve element 25 is stretched with the aid of the drive element 12 operated by the drive motor 8, so that the valve openings 26 are released and breathing air flows from the air inlet duct 6 via the valve openings 26, the measuring chamber 2 and the air outlet duct 3 to the user.
  • a correspondingly metered amount of air can be directed to the mask by the drive motor 8 stretching the elastic valve element 25 by a certain amount and opening the valve openings 26 accordingly.
  • Housing measuring chamber air outlet duct valve seat a front opening part sealing ring air inlet duct closing part a closing cone drive motor drive housing 0 safety spring 1 stop surface 2 drive element 3 ring seal 4 ring seal 5 pressure sensor 6 control 7 power supply 8 inner cylinder 9 first through hole 0 closing pot 1 second through hole 2 sealing surface 3 seal 4 seal (front) 5 Elastic valve element 6 valve opening

Abstract

The invention relates to a respiratory apparatus comprising a housing (1), in which a valve seat (4), with an axially arranged air admission channel (6), a closing member (7), associated with said air admission channel on the exit side and a drive motor (8) are placed. A pressure sensor (15), for recording the pressure prevailing in the respective respiratory phase, is located in a measuring chamber (2), which links said air admission channel and the air exit channel (3), which is shaped in the housing and can be connected with a respiratory protective mask. Said drive motor, which is connected with the closing member of the valve device by means of a control system, is controlled on the basis of pressure ratios, prevailing on inspiration and expiration. The air supply to said respiratory protective mask is regulated according to a preset control feature. Apart from the air duct, which is exactly adapted to respiration, said respiratory apparatus is small and compact, requires few mechanical components and is insensitive to impact load.

Description

Beschreibung description
Lungenautomat für PressluftatemgeräteRegulator for compressed air breathing apparatus
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Lungenautomat für Pressluftatemgeräte, mit einer durch die Atmung gesteuerten Ventileinrichtung zur Regelung der Luftzufuhr zu einer Atemschutzmaske .The invention relates to a regulator for compressed air breathing apparatus, with a valve device controlled by breathing for regulating the air supply to a breathing mask.
Lungenautomaten sind seit langem bekannt. Sie sind zwischen das Druckreduzierventil eines Pressluftreservoirs und die Atemschutzmaske geschaltet und dienen entsprechend dem Atmungszyklus der Bereitstellung einer bestimm- ten Atemluftmenge mit einem für den menschlichen Organismus geeigneten Druck. Bei den bekannten Lungenautomaten erfolgt die Betätigung der Ventileinrichtung zur Freigabe und zur Regelung der Luftzufuhr vom Druckminderer zur A- temschutzmaske mit Hilfe einer beim Einatmen durch den Benutzer aufgrund des erzeugten Unterdrucks bewegten Steuermembran .Regulators have been known for a long time. They are connected between the pressure reducing valve of a compressed air reservoir and the respirator mask and, in accordance with the breathing cycle, serve to provide a certain amount of breathing air at a pressure suitable for the human organism. In the known lung regulators, the valve device for releasing and regulating the air supply from the pressure reducer to the breathing mask is actuated with the aid of a control membrane which is moved when the user inhales due to the negative pressure generated.
Aufgrund der rein mechanischen Membransteuerung ist eine Vielzahl zusammenwirkender mechanischer Bauteile erfor- derlich. Der Platzbedarf ist entsprechend groß und die Regelung der dem Benutzer zuzuführenden Luftmenge ist entsprechend grob und unstetig und nicht auf die speziellen Bedürfnisse des Benuzers einstellbar. Zudem reagiert ein mit einer mechanischen Membransteuerung ausgebildeter Lungenautomat sehr empfindlich auf äußere mechanischeDue to the purely mechanical diaphragm control, a large number of interacting mechanical components are required. The space requirement is correspondingly large and the regulation of the amount of air to be supplied to the user is correspondingly coarse and inconsistent and cannot be adjusted to the special needs of the user. In addition, a regulator with a mechanical diaphragm control is very sensitive to external mechanical ones
Einflüsse, die zu Unregelmäßigkeiten oder gar Unterbrechungen der Luftzufuhr zum Benutzer führen können.Influences that can lead to irregularities or even interruptions in the air supply to the user.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Lungenautomaten der eingangs erwähnten Art so auszubilden, dass bei geringer Baugröße dessen störungsfreie Funktion und eine an die spezifischen Atembedingungen des Benutzers anpassbare Regelung der Luftzufuhr gewährleistet ist.The invention is therefore based on the object of designing a regulator of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that its small size is trouble-free Function and a regulation of the air supply adaptable to the specific breathing conditions of the user is guaranteed.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe mit einem gemäß denAccording to the invention the task with a
Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1 ausgebildeten Lungenautomat gelöst.Features of claim 1 trained regulator.
Weitere Merkmale und zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Er- findung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further features and expedient refinements of the invention result from the subclaims.
Der grundlegende Erfindungsgedanke besteht darin, dass die Betätigung der Ventileinrichtung bzw. die Freigabe der Luftzufuhr zum Benutzer beim Einatmen und das Unter- brechen der Luftzufuhr beim Ausatmen durch einen von einem Drucksensor gesteuerten Antriebsmotor erfolgt. Das heißt, dass ein der Auslaßöffnung im Ventilsitz zugeordnetes Schließteil auf der Grundlage des im Lungenautomaten beim Ein- und Ausatmen vom Druckmesser über eine Steuerung an den Antriebsmotor signalisierten Druckes diese Auslaßöffnung mehr oder weniger weit freigibt oder verschließt .The basic idea of the invention is that the actuation of the valve device or the release of the air supply to the user when inhaling and the interruption of the air supply when exhaling is carried out by a drive motor controlled by a pressure sensor. This means that a closing part assigned to the outlet opening in the valve seat on the basis of the pressure signaled in the lung regulator during inhalation and exhalation from the pressure meter via a control to the drive motor opens or closes this outlet opening to a greater or lesser extent.
Der erfindungsgemäße Lungenautomat umfaßt ein Gehäuse, in dem ein Ventilsitz mit zentrisch angeordneten Lufteintrittskanal, ein dem Lufteintrittskanal zugeordnetes Schließteil und ein Antriebsmotor für das Schließteil untergebracht sind. In einem den Lufteintrittskanal und den im Gehäuse ausgeformten, an die Atemschutzmaske ange- schlossenen Lufteintrittskanal verbindenden Meßraum befindet sich der Drucksensor zum Erfassen des in der jeweiligen Atemphase herrschenden Druckes, aufgrund dessen der Antriebsmotor über eine Steuereinheit nach einer vorgegebenen Steuerungs-charakteristik gesteuert wird. Die Regelung der Luftzufuhr ist sehr gleichmäßig und an die tatsächlichen Bedürfnisse des Benutzers bzw. die A- tembedingungen angepaßt. Durch die Ventilbetätigung mit einem über den gemessenen Druck gesteuerten Antriebsmotor werden nur wenige mechanische Bauteile benötigt. Somit wird die Lebensdauer erhöht und die Störanfälligkeit verringert. Gegenüber den bekannten Geräten ist die Baugröße deutlich geringer. Insbesondere sind Funktionsstörungen aufgrund äußerer mechanischer Einwirkung auf den Lungen- automaten im Wesentlichen ausgeschlossen. Die von den mechanisch gesteuerten Lugenautomaten bekannten Geräusche treten bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Gerät nicht auf.The regulator according to the invention comprises a housing in which a valve seat with a centrally arranged air inlet duct, a closing part assigned to the air inlet duct and a drive motor for the closing part are accommodated. The pressure sensor for detecting the pressure prevailing in the respiratory phase in question is located in a measuring space connecting the air inlet channel and the air inlet channel formed in the housing and connected to the respirator mask, on the basis of which the drive motor is controlled via a control unit according to a predetermined control characteristic. The regulation of the air supply is very even and adapted to the actual needs of the user or the breathing conditions. Due to the valve actuation with a drive motor controlled by the measured pressure, only a few mechanical components are required. This increases the service life and reduces the susceptibility to faults. Compared to the known devices, the size is significantly smaller. In particular, malfunctions due to external mechanical effects on the lung automat are essentially excluded. The noises known from the mechanically controlled automatic peep machines do not occur in the device according to the invention.
Nach einem weiteren wichtigen Merkmal der Erfindung ist der über ein Antriebsorgan mit dem Schließteil der Ventileinrichtung verbundene Antriebsmotor elastisch gelagert. Sofern auf das Schließteil ein unzulässig hoher Luftdruck wirkt, zum Beispiel bei einem Defekt des dem Lungenautomaten bekanntermaßen vorgeschaltetem Druckmin- derventils, kann aufgrund der elastischen Lagerung des Antriebsmotors und damit auch der elastischen Halterung des Schließteils ein Druckausgleich erfolgen.According to a further important feature of the invention, the drive motor, which is connected to the closing part of the valve device via a drive element, is elastically mounted. If an inadmissibly high air pressure acts on the closing part, for example in the event of a defect in the pressure reducing valve known to be upstream of the regulator, pressure compensation can take place due to the elastic mounting of the drive motor and thus also the elastic mounting of the closing part.
In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausbildung der Erfindung ist der Ventilsitz mit der zentralen Lufteintrittsöffnung manuell verstellbar, so dass bei einer Funktionsstörung der Bewegung des Schließteils durch die manuelle Bewegung des Ventilsitzes dennoch eine Luftzufuhr zum Benutzer möglich ist.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the valve seat with the central air inlet opening can be adjusted manually, so that in the event of a malfunction of the movement of the closing part due to the manual movement of the valve seat, an air supply to the user is nevertheless possible.
Ausführungsbeisspiele der Erfindung, aus denen sich weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen ergeben, werden anhand der Zeichnung, die in der jeweiligen Figur sowohl die Ei- natmungs- bzw. Offenstellung des Ventils als auch die Au- satmungs- bzw. Schließstellung des Ventils wiedergibt, näher erläutert. Es zeigen: Fig.l eine erste Ausführungsvariante eines erfindungsgemäßen Lungenautomaten mit einem translatorisch bewegten Schließteil zur Freigabe und Regelung der Luftzufuhr zum Benutzer;Exemplary embodiments of the invention, from which further advantageous configurations result, are explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, which shows in the respective figure both the inhalation or open position of the valve and the exhalation or closed position of the valve. Show it: Fig.l a first embodiment of a regulator according to the invention with a translationally moved closing part for releasing and controlling the air supply to the user;
Fig.2 eine zweite Ausführungsvariante des Lungenautomaten mit einem die Luftzuführung durch eine Drehbewegung regelnden Verschlußorgan für die Luftzufuhr; und2 shows a second embodiment of the regulator with a closure member for the air supply which regulates the air supply by means of a rotary movement; and
Fig.3 eine dritte Ausführungsvariante des Lungenautomaten mit einem elastisch ausgebildeten Verschlußelement, das infolge seiner Längenän- derung den Luftweg über die Atemschutzmaske zum3 shows a third embodiment variant of the regulator with an elastically designed closure element which, due to its change in length, leads the airway over the respiratory mask
Benutzer freigibt.Share user.
1. Ausführungsvariante1. Design variant
Die in Fig.l dargestellte Ausführungsform eines Lungenautomaten umfaßt ein Gehäuse 1 mit einem Meßraum 2, der an der Luftaustrittsseite über einem Luftaustrittskanal 3 an die Atemschutzmaske (nicht dargestellt) ausschließbar ist. An der über eine Mitteldruckleitung mit einem Druckminderer (nicht dargestellt) verbundenen Lufteintrittsseite ist in dem Gehäuse 1 ein Ventilsitz 4 angeordnet, der durch manuelle Drehbewegung entsprechend dem Pfeil A in Achsrichtung verstellbar ist. Zum Abdichten ist zwi- sehen Ventilsitz 4 und Gehäuse 1 ein Dichtungsring 5 vorgesehen. Die Luftzufuhr gemäß dem Pfeil B von der Mitteldruckleitung (nicht dargestellt) in das Gehäuse 1 erfolgt über einen axial im Ventilsitz 4 verlaufenden Lufteintrittskanal 6, der durch ein in axialer Richtung (Pfeil C) mit Hilfe eines Antriebsmotors 8 bewegliches Schließteil 7 verschließbar ist. Das Schließteil 7 ist zum Ver- schließen des stirnseitigen Öffnungteils 4a des Ventilsitzes 4 als Schließkegel 7a ausgebildet. Der Antriebsmotor 8 ist in einem Antriebsgehäuse 9 untergebracht, das unter der Wirkung eine Sicherheitsfeder 10 zur Luftein- trittsseite hin (Pfeil D) gegen eine Anschlagfläche 11 gedrückt wird. Das Antriebsgehäuse und ein zwischen Antriebsmotor 8 und Schließteil 7 vorgesehenes Antriebsorgan (Antriebsspindel) 12 sind zum Meßraum 2 hin durch Ringdichtungen 13 und 14 abgedichtet. An den Meßraum 2, der einen Verbindungsraum zwischen dem Lufteintrittskanal 6 und dem Luftaustrittskanal 3 darstellt, ist ein Drucksensor 15 angeschlossen. Der Drucksensor 15 ist mit dem Antriebsmotor 8 über eine Steuerung 16 verbunden. Außerdem ist an den Antriebsmotor 8 und den Drucksensor 15 ei- ne Stromversorgung 17 angeschlossen.The embodiment of a lung regulator shown in Fig.l comprises a housing 1 with a measuring chamber 2, which can be excluded on the air outlet side via an air outlet channel 3 to the respiratory mask (not shown). On the air inlet side connected to a pressure reducer (not shown) via a medium pressure line, a valve seat 4 is arranged in the housing 1 and can be adjusted in the axial direction by manual rotary movement in accordance with the arrow A. A sealing ring 5 is provided between valve seat 4 and housing 1 for sealing. The air supply according to arrow B from the medium pressure line (not shown) into the housing 1 takes place via an air inlet duct 6 which runs axially in the valve seat 4 and which can be closed by a closing part 7 which is movable in the axial direction (arrow C) with the aid of a drive motor 8. The locking part 7 is for close the front opening part 4a of the valve seat 4 formed as a closing cone 7a. The drive motor 8 is accommodated in a drive housing 9 which, under the action of a safety spring 10, is pressed toward the air inlet side (arrow D) against a stop surface 11. The drive housing and a drive element (drive spindle) 12 provided between the drive motor 8 and the closing part 7 are sealed off from the measuring chamber 2 by ring seals 13 and 14. A pressure sensor 15 is connected to the measuring space 2, which represents a connection space between the air inlet duct 6 and the air outlet duct 3. The pressure sensor 15 is connected to the drive motor 8 via a controller 16. In addition, a power supply 17 is connected to the drive motor 8 and the pressure sensor 15.
Die Funktion des zuvor anhand der Figur 1 beschriebenen Lungenautomaten ist folgende:The function of the regulator described above with reference to FIG. 1 is as follows:
Die Zeichnung zeigt den Lungenautomaten in der oberenThe drawing shows the regulator in the upper one
Bildhälfte in der geschlossenen Ventilstellung und in der unteren Bildhälfte in der offenen Ventilstellung. Wenn in der Einatmungsphase bei zunächst geschlossenem Lufteintrittskanal 6 (das Schließteil 7 liegt abdichtend an dem Ventilsitz 4) vom Drucksensor 15 ein bestimmter Druckabfall im Meßraum 2 festgestellt wird, erhält der Antriebsmotor 8 über die Steuerung 16 ein der Änderungsgröße des Druckes entsprechendes Signal und zieht das Schließteil zurück (untere Bildhälfte) . Dadurch kann die über eine Mitteldruckleitung (nicht dargestellt) zugeführte Luft über dem Lufteintrittskanal 6, den Meßraum (Verbindungsraum) 2 und den Luftaustrittskanal 3 zur Atemschutzmaske (nicht dargestellt) strömen. Da die Steuerung das Antriebsmotors 8 auf der Basis der jeweiligen Druckverhält- nisse erfolgt, ist eine an die jeweils herrschenden Be- dingungen exakt angepaßte Luftzufuhr zum Benutzer möglich.Half of the picture in the closed valve position and in the lower half of the picture in the open valve position. If a certain pressure drop in the measuring chamber 2 is detected by the pressure sensor 15 in the inhalation phase when the air inlet duct 6 is initially closed (the closing part 7 lies sealingly on the valve seat 4), the drive motor 8 receives a signal corresponding to the change in the pressure via the control 16 and pulls it Lock part back (lower half of the picture). As a result, the air supplied via a medium pressure line (not shown) can flow via the air inlet duct 6, the measuring space (connection space) 2 and the air outlet duct 3 to the respiratory protection mask (not shown). Since the control of the drive motor 8 takes place on the basis of the respective pressure conditions, one must take into account the prevailing conditions. Precisely adapted air supply to the user is possible.
In der Ausatmungsphase steuert der Drucksensor 15 den An- triebsmotor 8 aufgrund des Druckanstiegs in der Weise, dass das Schließteil 7 zum Ventilsitz 4 hin bewegt wird und den Ventilsitz 4 abdichtet, so dass von der Mitteldruckleitung keine Atemluft nachströmen kann.In the exhalation phase, the pressure sensor 15 controls the drive motor 8 due to the pressure increase in such a way that the closing part 7 is moved towards the valve seat 4 and seals the valve seat 4, so that no breathing air can flow in from the medium pressure line.
Die auf das Antriebsgehäuse 9 wirkende Sicherheitsfeder 10 dient dazu, bei einem am Lungenautomaten anliegenden unzulässig hohen Druck, zum Beispiel bei einem defekten Druckminderer, das Schließteil 7 samt Antriebsgehäuse 9 zurückzudrücken und die Öffnung des Ventilsitzes 4 frei- zugeben, so dass die Luft abströmen kann.The safety spring 10 acting on the drive housing 9 serves to push back the closing part 7 together with the drive housing 9 in the event of an impermissibly high pressure, for example in the case of a defective pressure reducer, and to release the opening of the valve seat 4 so that the air can flow out ,
Eine weitere Schicherheitsmaßnahme besteht darin, dass der Ventilsitz 4 von Hand aus dem Gehäuse 1 herausgedreht werden kann. Dadurch kann dem Benutzer auch bei einem de- fekten Antriebsmotor 8, der nicht mehr in der Lage ist, das Schließteil 7 zurückzuziehen und den Lufteintrittskanal 6 freizugeben, Atemluft zugeführt werden.Another safety measure is that the valve seat 4 can be unscrewed from the housing 1 by hand. As a result, breathing air can be supplied to the user even in the case of a defective drive motor 8 which is no longer able to pull the closing part 7 back and open the air inlet duct 6.
2. Ausführungsvariante2. Design variant
Die in Fig. 2 dargestellte Ausführungsform unterscheidet sich von der oben beschriebenen lediglich hinsichtlich der Ausbildung der Ventileinrichtung. Diese besteht hier aus einem Ventilsitz 4 mit einem Innenzylinder 18, dessen Zylinderwand erste Durchgangsbohrungen 19 aufweist. Das Schließteil ist als den Innenzylinder 18 umgebender, mit Hilfe des Antriebsmotors 8 um seine Längsachse drehbarer Schließtopf 20 ausgeführt. In der Wand des Schließtopfes 20 befindet sich ebenfalls eine (zweite) Durchgangsboh- rung 21, die auf gleicher Höhe wie die erste Durchgangsbohrung 19 liegt. Am Umfang des Innenzylinders 18 sind zwei Dichtungen 23 und 24 vorgesehen, die so angeordnet sind, dass die Durchgangsbohrungen zwischen diesen liegen.The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 differs from the one described above only with regard to the design of the valve device. This consists of a valve seat 4 with an inner cylinder 18, the cylinder wall of which has first through bores 19. The closing part is designed as a closing pot 20 which surrounds the inner cylinder 18 and can be rotated about its longitudinal axis with the aid of the drive motor 8. There is also a (second) through-hole 21 in the wall of the closing pot 20, which is at the same height as the first through-hole 19. Are on the circumference of the inner cylinder 18 Two seals 23 and 24 are provided, which are arranged so that the through holes are between them.
Die Steuerung der Luftzufuhr zur Atemschutzmaske über den Lungenautomaten erfolgt in dieser Ausführungvariante in der Form, dass aufgrund der beim Einatmen herrschenden und vom Druckmesser 15 zur Steuerung 16 übertragenen Druckverhältnisse im Meßraum 2 der Antriebsmotor 8 den Schließtopf 20 in eine Drehbewegung versetzt und dessen Durchgangsbohrung 21 über die Durchgangsbohrung 19 des Innenzylinders 18 (Verlängerung des Ventilsitzes) stellt. Abhängig davon, wie weit die zweite Durchgangsbohrung 21 die erste Durchgangsbohrung 19 entsprechend dem festge- stellten Druck überdeckt, wird dem Benutzer eine dement- sprechende Luftmenge zugeführt. In Fig. 2 ist die geöffnete Ventilstellung in der oberen Bildhälfte dargestellt, so dass die Einatmungsluft entsprechend den Pfeilen B und E von der Mitteldruckleitung über den Lufteintrittskanal 6, die Durchgangsbohrungen 19 und 21, den Meßraum 2 und den Luftaustrittskanal 3 zur Atemschutzmaske strömt.The control of the air supply to the respiratory mask via the lung automats takes place in this embodiment variant in such a way that, due to the pressure conditions prevailing during inhalation and transmitted from the pressure meter 15 to the control 16 in the measuring chamber 2, the drive motor 8 sets the closing pot 20 in a rotary motion and its through bore 21 via the through bore 19 of the inner cylinder 18 (extension of the valve seat). Depending on how far the second through hole 21 covers the first through hole 19 in accordance with the determined pressure, the user is supplied with a corresponding amount of air. In Fig. 2 the open valve position is shown in the upper half of the figure, so that the inhalation air flows according to arrows B and E from the medium pressure line via the air inlet duct 6, the through holes 19 and 21, the measuring chamber 2 and the air outlet duct 3 to the respirator mask.
Die unter Bildhälfte von Fig. 2 zeigt die vollständig geschlossene Ventilstellung beim Ausatmen, bei dem der Schließtopf 20 aufgrund des erhöhten Druckes vom Antriebsmotor 8 in eine die Durchgangsbohrungen 19 abdichtende Lage, die in Fig. 2 durch die Dichtfläche verdeutlicht wird, gedreht wurde.The bottom half of Fig. 2 shows the fully closed valve position during exhalation, in which the closing pot 20 was rotated due to the increased pressure from the drive motor 8 in a position sealing the through holes 19, which is illustrated in Fig. 2 by the sealing surface.
Die Wirkung der Sicherheitsfeder 10 kommt dadurch zustande, dass bei einem von der Mitteldruckleitung ausgehenden zu hohen Druck der Schließtopf 20 in Achsrichtung entgegen der elastischen Kraft der Sicherheitsfeder 10 bewegt wird. Dadurch wird die Dichtwirkung der vorderen Dichtung 24 aufgehoben, so dass die Luft abströmen kann. Sofern, beispielsweise aufgrund eines defekten Antriebsmotors 8, der Schließtopf 20 nicht gedreht und damit keine Atemluft zum Benutzer geleitet werden kann, ist es bei dieser zweiten Ausführungsform möglich, den Ventilsitz 4 mit Innenzylinder 18 manuell so zu drehen, dass eine der ersten Durchgangsbohrungen 19 mit der zweiten Durchgangsbohrung 21 im Schließtopf 20 zur Deckung gebracht wird, so dass Atemluft zur Atemschutzmaske strömen kann.The effect of the safety spring 10 arises from the fact that if the pressure from the medium-pressure line is too high, the locking pot 20 is moved in the axial direction against the elastic force of the safety spring 10. This removes the sealing effect of the front seal 24 so that the air can flow out. If, for example, due to a defective drive motor 8, the closing pot 20 cannot be rotated and therefore no breathing air can be passed to the user, it is possible in this second embodiment to manually turn the valve seat 4 with the inner cylinder 18 in such a way that one of the first through bores 19 also the second through hole 21 in the closing cup 20 is made to coincide, so that breathing air can flow to the respirator.
3. Ausführungsvariante3. Design variant
Bei der in Fig. 3 wiedergegebenen Ausführungsform des Lungenautomaten ist die Ventileinrichtung zum Freigeben oder Unterbrechen der Luftzufuhr als in Längsrichtung e- lastisch verlängerbares Ventilelement 25 mit in dessen elastischen Teil integrierten Ventilöffnungen 26 ausgebildet. Bei entsprechenden Druckverhältnissen in der Einatmungsphase wird das elastische Ventilelement 25 mit Hilfe des vom Antriebsmototr 8 betriebenen Antriebsorgans 12 gestreckt, so dass die Ventilöffnungen 26 freigegeben werden und Atemluft vom Lufteintrittskanal 6 über die Ventilöffnungen 26, den Meßraum 2 und den Luftaustrittskanal 3 zum Benutzer strömen. Aufgrund der mit dem Drucksensor 15 gemessenen Druckbedingungen kann eine entspre- chend dosierte Luftmenge zur Maske geleitet werden, indem der Antriebsmotor 8 das elastische Ventilelement 25 um einen bestimmten Betrag dehnt und die Ventilöffnungen 26 dementsprechend öffnet.In the embodiment of the lung regulator shown in FIG. 3, the valve device for releasing or interrupting the air supply is designed as a valve element 25 which is elastically extendable in the longitudinal direction and has valve openings 26 integrated in its elastic part. With appropriate pressure conditions in the inhalation phase, the elastic valve element 25 is stretched with the aid of the drive element 12 operated by the drive motor 8, so that the valve openings 26 are released and breathing air flows from the air inlet duct 6 via the valve openings 26, the measuring chamber 2 and the air outlet duct 3 to the user. On the basis of the pressure conditions measured with the pressure sensor 15, a correspondingly metered amount of air can be directed to the mask by the drive motor 8 stretching the elastic valve element 25 by a certain amount and opening the valve openings 26 accordingly.
Auch bei dieser Ausführungsvariante kann aufgrund der e- lastischen Motorlagerung Luft abströmen, wenn ein unzulässig hoher Druck am Lufteintrittskanal anliegt. Gleichermaßen kann bei einer Antriebsstörung der Ventilsitz 4 manuell zurückgestellt werden, um auch in einem derarti- gen Störungsfall die Luftzufuhr zur Atemschutzmaske zu gewährleisten. BezugszeichenlisteIn this embodiment variant, too, air can flow out due to the elastic engine mounting if an impermissibly high pressure is present at the air inlet duct. Likewise, the valve seat 4 can be reset manually in the event of a drive malfunction in order to ensure the air supply to the respiratory mask even in the event of such a malfunction. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
Gehäuse Meßraum Luftaustrittskanal Ventilsitz a stirnseitiges Öffnungsteil Dichtungsring Lufteintrittskanal Schließteil a Schließkegel Antriebsmotor Antriebsgehäuse 0 Sicherheitsfeder 1 Anschlagfläche 2 Antriebsorgan 3 Ringdichtung 4 Ringdichtung 5 Drucksensor 6 Steuerung 7 Stromversorgung 8 Innenzylinder 9 Erste Durchgangsbohrung 0 Schließtopf 1 Zweite Durchgangsbohrung 2 Dichtfläche 3 Dichtung 4 Dichtung (vorn) 5 Elastisches Ventilelement 6 Ventilöffnung Housing measuring chamber air outlet duct valve seat a front opening part sealing ring air inlet duct closing part a closing cone drive motor drive housing 0 safety spring 1 stop surface 2 drive element 3 ring seal 4 ring seal 5 pressure sensor 6 control 7 power supply 8 inner cylinder 9 first through hole 0 closing pot 1 second through hole 2 sealing surface 3 seal 4 seal (front) 5 Elastic valve element 6 valve opening

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Lungenautomat für Pressluftatemgeräte mit einer durch die Atmung gesteuerten, in einem Gehäuse untergebrachten Ventileinrichtung zur Regelung der Luftzufuhr zu einer Atemschutzmaske, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ventileinrichtung einen Ventilsitz (4) mit einem Lufteintrittskanal (6) und ein von einem Antriebsmotor (8) betätigtes Schließteil (7, 20, 25) umfasst, wobei in einem Meßraum (2), der den Lufteintrittskanal (6) und einen im Gehäuse (1) ausgebildeten an die Atemschutzmaske angeschlossenen Luftaustrittskanal (3) verbindet, ein Drucksensor (15) ange- ordnet ist, der zur Regelung der Luftzufuhr auf der1. Pulmonary regulator for compressed air breathing apparatus with a breathing device-controlled valve device for regulating the air supply to a breathing mask, characterized in that the valve device has a valve seat (4) with an air inlet channel (6) and a drive motor (8). actuated closing part (7, 20, 25), a pressure sensor (15) being arranged in a measuring space (2) which connects the air inlet duct (6) and an air outlet duct (3) formed in the housing (1) and connected to the respiratory mask. is assigned to regulate the air supply on the
Basis des gemessenen Druckes über eine Steuerung (16) mit dem Antriebsmotor (8) verbunden ist.Basis of the measured pressure is connected to the drive motor (8) via a controller (16).
2. Lungenautomat nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeich- net, dass der Antriebsmotor (8) und ein mit dem2. regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive motor (8) and one with the
Schließteil (7, 20, 25) verbundenes Antriebsorgan (12) entgegen dem auf das Schließteil (7, 20, 25) wirkenden Luftdruck elastisch an einer Anschlagfläche (11) im Gehäuse (1) gehalten ist und somit das Schließteil (7, 20, 25) zur Freigabe des Lufteintrittskanal (6) selbsttätig verstellbar ist, wenn ein unzulässig hoher Druck anliegt.Locking part (7, 20, 25) connected drive element (12) is held elastically against a stop surface (11) in the housing (1) against the air pressure acting on the locking part (7, 20, 25) and thus the locking part (7, 20, 25) is automatically adjustable to release the air inlet duct (6) when an impermissibly high pressure is present.
3. Lungenautomat nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeich- net, dass die elastische Lagerung des Antriebsmotors3. regulator according to claim 2, characterized in that the elastic mounting of the drive motor
(8) eine Sicherheitsfeder (10) ist, die das Antriebsgehäuse des Antriebsmotors (8) gegen die Anschlagfläche (11) drückt.(8) is a safety spring (10) which presses the drive housing of the drive motor (8) against the stop surface (11).
4. Lungenautomat nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ventilsitz (4) so manuell verstellbar und abgedichtet im Gehäuse (1) angeordnet ist, dass die Verbindung mit dem Luftaustrittskanal (3) auch bei einem im Störungsfall nicht betätigbaren Schließteil (7, 20, 25) herstellbar ist.4. regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve seat (4) so manually adjustable and arranged in a sealed manner in the housing (1) that the connection to the air outlet duct (3) can also be established in the case of a closing part (7, 20, 25) which cannot be actuated in the event of a fault.
5. Lungenautomat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Lufteintrittskanal (6) des Ventilsitzes (4) an der ausgangsseitigen stirnseitigen Öffnung (4a) durch ein in Längsrichtung (Pfeil C) bewegliches Schließteil (7) verschließbar ist.5. regulator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the air inlet channel (6) of the valve seat (4) at the outlet end opening (4a) by a longitudinally movable (arrow C) closing part (7) can be closed.
6. Lungenautomat nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ventilsitz (4) durch manuelles Drehen (Pfeil A) axial verstellbar ist.6. regulator according to claim 5, characterized in that the valve seat (4) is axially adjustable by manual rotation (arrow A).
7. Lungenautomat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ventilsitz (4) aus- gangsseitig als Innenzylinder (18) mit in der Zylin- derwand vorgesehenen Durchgangsbohrungen (19) ausgebildet ist und über den Innenzylinder (18) ein als Schließteil fungierender Schließtopf (20) mit einer seitlichen Durchgangsbohrung (21) greift, wobei der Schließtopf (20) entsprechend den festgestellten Druckverhältnissen durch den Antriebsmotor (8) um seine Achse drehbar ist, um bei teilweiser oder vollständiger Überdeckung der Durchgangsbohrungen des Innenzylinders (18) und des Schließtopfes (20) die Luftzufuhr zur Atemschutzmaske freizugeben.7. regulator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the valve seat (4) on the output side is designed as an inner cylinder (18) with through bores (19) provided in the cylinder wall and via the inner cylinder (18) as Closing part acting closing pot (20) with a lateral through hole (21) engages, the closing pot (20) can be rotated about its axis by the drive motor (8) according to the determined pressure conditions, in order to partially or completely cover the through holes of the inner cylinder (18) and the closing pot (20) to release the air supply to the breathing mask.
8. Lungenautomat nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schließtopf (20) gemeinsam mit dem Antriebsorgan (12) und dem Antriebsmotor (8) unter der Wirkung eines unzulässig hohen Druckes in Längsrich- tung verschiebbar ist, wobei eine zwischen Innenzy- linder (18) und Schließtopf (20) vorgesehene Dichtung (24) außer Eingriff kommt.8. regulator according to claim 7, characterized in that the closing pot (20) together with the drive member (12) and the drive motor (8) under the effect of an impermissibly high pressure in the longitudinal direction is displaceable, one between the inner cylinder Lindner (18) and sealing cup (20) provided seal (24) comes out of engagement.
9. Lungenautomat nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeich- net, dass der Innenzylinder (18) durch manuelles Drehen des Ventilsitzes (4) verdrehbar ist, um eine vom Antrieb unabhängige Luftzufuhr zur Atemschutzmaske zu gewährleisten.9. regulator according to claim 7, characterized in that the inner cylinder (18) can be rotated by manually rotating the valve seat (4) in order to ensure an air supply to the respiratory mask which is independent of the drive.
10. Lungenautomat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schließteil als ein an den Ventilsitz (4) angeschlossenes, topfartiges elastisches Ventilelement (25) ausgebildet ist, das aufgrund der Streckung durch das mit dem Antriebsmotor (8) angetriebene Antriebsorgan (12) unfolge des gemessenen Druckes im Meßraum (2) Ventilöffnungen (26) in den Seitenwänden mehr oder weniger weit öffnet bzw. verschließt.10. regulator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the closing part as a to the valve seat (4) connected, pot-like elastic valve element (25) is formed, which due to the stretching by the drive motor (8) driven drive member (12) as a result of the pressure measured in the measuring chamber (2) valve openings (26) in the side walls open or close to a greater or lesser extent.
11. Lungenautomat nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das elastische Ventilelement (25) durch manuelles axiales Verstellen des Ventilsitzes (4) elastisch streckbar ist, um eine vom Antrieb unabhängige Luftzufuhr zu bewirken.11. A regulator according to claim 10, characterized in that the elastic valve element (25) can be stretched elastically by manual axial adjustment of the valve seat (4) in order to bring about an air supply independent of the drive.
12. Lungenautomat nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das elastische Ventilelement (25) bei Anliegen eines unzulässig hohen Druckes am Eingang e- lastisch streckbar ist, um die Ventilöffnung (26) freizugeben. 12. A regulator according to claim 10, characterized in that the elastic valve element (25) can be stretched elastically when an impermissibly high pressure is present at the inlet in order to release the valve opening (26).
EP02772059A 2001-10-19 2002-09-10 Respiratory apparatus for compressed-air breathing equipment Expired - Lifetime EP1436046B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE10152454 2001-10-19
DE10152454A DE10152454B4 (en) 2001-10-19 2001-10-19 Regulator for compressed air respirators
PCT/DE2002/003421 WO2003037437A1 (en) 2001-10-19 2002-09-10 Respiratory apparatus for compressed-air breathing equipment

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EP1436046A1 true EP1436046A1 (en) 2004-07-14
EP1436046B1 EP1436046B1 (en) 2005-06-08

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AT (1) ATE297237T1 (en)
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WO2003037437A1 (en) 2003-05-08
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ATE297237T1 (en) 2005-06-15
US20050121035A1 (en) 2005-06-09
EP1436046B1 (en) 2005-06-08
AU2002336905B2 (en) 2006-12-21
DE10152454A1 (en) 2003-05-08

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