Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
  • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
  • H05B47/175—Controlling the light source by remote control
  • H05B47/185—Controlling the light source by remote control via power line carrier transmission

Definitions

• Lighting network using the supply current for the exchange of control messages for lighting lamps
• the present invention relates to lighting networks in which each lamp is controlled by a lamp control module and relates more particularly to an improved lighting network in which the supply current of the lighting lamps is used as current carrier for the exchange of control messages between a central station and each control module.
• Low voltage lighting networks that is to say networks in which the supply current for lighting lamps is the 230 V mains current, are currently increasingly using the supply current as carrier current for the remote control. and lamp control.
• the carrier current remote control systems can be systems for home networks where the communication of lamp control messages is limited to a private network located downstream of the local meter. It is the field of home automation where the network loads are essentially resistive or only slightly inductive as in the case of heating, lighting or small motors. In the case of remote control systems for public networks, the communication of lamp control messages must take place over long distances, as is the case with public lighting in cities where the load is complex and consists essentially of discharge lamps and their supply device (plates). It is also the field of road and motorway lighting if it can be distributed at low voltage. Low voltage public lighting networks of this type, where each lighting lamp is connected to a low voltage distribution line by means of a control module, find their limit when the network is too large.
• the voltage drops generated in the distribution line then become too great.
• the section of the cable used necessary to obtain an acceptable voltage drop quickly becomes prohibitive as soon as the length of the distribution line exceeds a few km.
• a higher voltage is used, that is to say greater than 1000 V, for example 3200 V per phase of a three-phase source or 5500 V between phases.
• This supply can be obtained either by raising the low voltage to a level known as HT T (high intermediate voltage), or by lowering the voltage obtained from a HT A delivery station (for example 20 kv). The transport is then done over long distances by a cable of reduced section.
• the voltage is then re-transformed locally to supply a LV sub-network of a few hundred meters where the lighting lamps or candelabras are installed.
• This mode of transport allows economical lighting of entire sections of motorway, parking areas or any network infrastructure between 1 and 100 km.
• HTT networks cannot function properly with regard to the transmission of control messages transmitted to the control modules associated with each lamp.
• the transformers used to connect each LV sub-network to the HV T distribution line have an impedance much too high for the frequency of the signals composing the control messages according to the legislation in force which is included in the band from 3 to 148 kHz (standard EN 50065-1).
• the frequency chosen is most of the time close to the upper limit, for example 130 KHz, so as to use a large bandwidth in the transmission of these messages.
• the HV T network consisting of a screened and armored cable associated with the transformer loads has a characteristic impedance very different from that of a LV network. The transmission components included in the lamp control modules designed for low voltage are then completely unsuitable for HTT.
• the object of the invention is to design a public lighting network using the HT T supply to supply LV subnets, in which the lamp control messages can be transmitted with minimal attenuation to each. LV subnets.
• Another object of the invention is to design a lighting network of this type in which there is impedance matching between the HT T distribution line and the lamp control modules in each of the LV networks.
• the object of the invention is therefore a lighting network comprising a high voltage and low frequency power supply connected to a high voltage distribution line, a plurality of low voltage networks each connected to the high distribution line.
• voltage by means of a low frequency transformer each of the low voltage networks consisting of a low voltage distribution line to which lighting lamps are connected by means of lamp control modules, and emission means / reception to send messages to the lamp control modules and receive messages from them via the high and low voltage distribution lines using the low frequency supply current flowing in the lines as carrier current.
• a coupling module is connected between the input / output terminals of each of the low frequency transformers, this coupling module comprising voltage transformation means suitable for transmitting the messages with minimum attenuation and blocking means for blocking the current low frequency power supply on both sides of the coupling module.
• FIG. 1 is a block diagram representing a lighting network according to the invention
• FIG. 2 shows schematically the coupling module according to the invention in the case of a power supply
• FIG. 3 schematically shows a first embodiment of the coupling module according to the invention in the case of a three-phase HV T supply
• FIG. 4 schematically shows a second embodiment of the coupling module according to the invention in the case of a three-phase HT T supply
• FIG. 5 schematically represents a first alternative embodiment of the coupling module according to the invention
• - Figure 6 schematically shows the variant illustrated in Figure 5 further comprising bi-directional amplification means.
• a lighting network comprises a supply voltage source V which can be a low voltage LV (230 V) or a high voltage HT A (20 KV).
• a transformer 10 makes it possible to obtain a voltage HT T of at least 1000 V, for example 3200 or 5000 V.
• This voltage is supplied to a high voltage distribution line 12 via one or more several sectioning and measuring members 14.
• To the high voltage distribution line 12 which can extend over long distances are connected low voltage networks 16, 18 or 20 by means of low frequency transformers, respectively transformers 22 , 24, and 26.
• a coupling module is connected between the input and output terminals of each of the low frequency transformers.
• the coupling module 28 is connected between the terminals of the transformer 22
• the coupling module 30 is connected between the terminals of the transformer 24
• the coupling module 32 is connected between the terminals of the transformer 26.
• the control and the remote control of LV networks are provided by a central station 34 through a control unit 36 connected to the high voltage distribution line 12 by a low frequency transformer 38 also comprising a coupling module between its input and output terminals.
• Each of the LV networks such as the network 16 includes a low voltage distribution line 42 to which are connected lighting lamps such as lamps 44, 46, and 48, respectively through lamp control modules 50, 52, and 54 intended to receive messages from central station 34 and to transmit messages to said central station.
• These messages are transmitted at frequencies between 3 and 148 KHz according to the standards in force, but it is preferable to use a high frequency, for example 130 KHz so as to transmit these messages at the highest possible speed.
• the coupling modules 28, 30, 32 or 40 can be different while having common characteristics depending on whether the input supply of the coupling module is single-phase or three-phase, and in the latter case, depending on whether it is taken between the three phases and the earth or that it is caught between two of the phases and the third phase.
• the coupling module 60 comprises a transformer 62 whose primary winding is connected between line 12 and the earth and the winding secondary is connected to the LV network.
• This transformer is suitable for transforming the HT T voltage (for example 3200 V) into LV voltage (230 V) but includes a magnetic core in the form of a torus, rods or ferrite pots (unlike the core of the low frequency transformer into magnetic sheet) so as to present a minimum attenuation at the frequency of transmission of the control messages, for example 130 KHz.
• the coupling module comprises necessarily a capacitor 64 connecting the primary winding of the transformer 62 to the high voltage distribution line 12 and a capacitor 66 connecting the output of the secondary winding to the LV network.
• capacitors 64 and 66 are to block the low frequency (50 Hz)
• their value is preferably chosen so as to constitute at least approximately a resonant circuit in series with the inductance resulting from the winding of the transformer 62 to which it is connected in combination with the inductance of the distribution line, respectively the HV distribution line for capacity 64 and the LV distribution line for capacity 66.
• the value of capacity 64 can be between 1 and 10 nF, preferably 5 nF
• the value of the capacitance 66 can be between 100 nF and 1 ⁇ F, preferably 0.5 ⁇ F.
• the coupling module can be presented in two different ways.
• one side of the primary winding of the transformer 62 of the coupling module 69 is connected in parallel to the three phases of the line 12 by the respective capacitors 70, 72, 74 which have the same value substantially equal to the value of capacity 64 ( Figure 2), and the other side is connected to earth as before.
• the secondary winding is connected to the LV network by a capacitor 66 as in the case of FIG. 2.
• one side of the primary winding of the transformer 62 of the coupling module 79 is connected in parallel to two phases of the high voltage distribution line by the respective capacitors 80 and 82 which have the same value substantially equal to the value of capacity 64, and the other side of the transformer is connected directly to the third phase of the line.
• the secondary winding is connected to the LV network by a capacity 66 as in the two previous cases. Note that this arrangement has the advantage of being independent of the earth circuit.
• the coupling module 85 can also comprise additive components. It is thus possible to add an inductance on each side to obtain a better adaptation of the impedances.
• the inductance 86 in series with the capacitor 64 aims to adapt the input impedance of the coupling module seen from the high voltage side to the characteristic impedance of the high voltage distribution line.
• the inductance 88 aims to adapt the impedance of the coupling module seen from the low voltage side to the characteristic impedance of the low voltage distribution line.
• the capacity 90 constitutes a parallel resonant circuit with the winding on the HV side while the capacity 92 constitutes a parallel resonant circuit with the winding on the LV side.
• the module can be made active. coupling 91 by adding amplifiers to the variant embodiment described above, knowing that said amplifiers could be also integrated into the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2.
• the coupling module comprises bidirectional amplification means consisting of the amplifier 94 in the direction BT -> HT and of the amplifier 96 in the HT -> LV direction, one or other of the two amplifiers being selected by a switch 98.
• the two amplifiers are supplied by the power source 100.
• a parallel resonant circuit consisting of the capacitor 102 and the inductor 104 so as to provide a parallel resonant circuit for the frequency of transmission of the control information (130 KHz).

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• 2001
  • 2001-08-21 FR FR0110968A patent/FR2828982B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2002
  • 2002-08-21 EP EP02774880A patent/EP1425941A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2002-08-21 CN CNA028163508A patent/CN1545825A/zh active Pending
  • 2002-08-21 WO PCT/FR2002/002919 patent/WO2003019989A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation

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