Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
  • G07F15/00—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity
  • G07F15/003—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity for electricity
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
  • G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
  • G06Q20/12—Payment architectures specially adapted for electronic shopping systems
  • G06Q20/127—Shopping or accessing services according to a time-limitation
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
  • G07F17/00—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services
  • G07F17/0014—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services for vending, access and use of specific services not covered anywhere else in G07F17/00
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network
  • H02J13/13—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the transmission of data to equipment in the power network
  • H02J13/1311—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the transmission of data to equipment in the power network using the power network as support for the transmission
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network
  • H02J13/13—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the transmission of data to equipment in the power network
  • H02J13/1321—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the transmission of data to equipment in the power network using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
  • H02J13/1323—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the transmission of data to equipment in the power network using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus using optical fibres
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
  • H02J3/12—Arrangements for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
  • H02J3/14—Arrangements for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, the networks, e.g. progressively balanced loading
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J2105/00—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load
  • H02J2105/50—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
  • H02J2105/52—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads for limitation of the power consumption in the networks or in one section of the networks, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
  • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
  • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
  • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
  • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
  • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
  • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
  • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
  • Y04S50/00—Market activities related to the operation of systems integrating technologies related to power network operation or related to communication or information technologies
  • Y04S50/12—Billing, invoicing, buying or selling transactions or other related activities, e.g. cost or usage evaluation

Definitions

• the invention relates to the distribution of electricity on a network, and more particularly to a device for managing and controlling such a network.
• Electricity is conducted on low-voltage distribution networks to branches or connections on which individual counters are placed in control panels.
• a circuit breaker with a power rating is installed downstream of the meter on this control panel.
• the user's electrical circuit is arranged downstream of the distribution panel itself connected to the downstream terminal of the circuit breaker.
• the meter is preferably placed outside buildings to facilitate the reading of consumption indexes.
• This type of network has drawbacks. On the one hand, it does not make it possible to cut or initiate the supply of a user without the intervention of an operator on the fuses accompanying the circuit breaker or even on the customer's circuit breaker. Measuring the consumer's consumption, or modifying an electrical power rating also requires the movement of an operator. This type of network also does not make it possible to limit the consumption of the user to a predetermined quantity or even to a power lower than that of the rating of the circuit breaker.
• the current control panels also do not allow the user to indicate the source or the type of supply from which he wishes to benefit. Current networks do not allow neither easily and remotely verify the fraud of a user, in particular the short-circuiting of the personal meter, nor to verify the characteristics or the quality of supply of the user network.
• Schlumberger's “free energy” meter integrates prepayment functions in a single block using an electronic chip holder.
• the invention thus relates to a method for managing an electricity distribution network, the electrical network comprising a user supply branch, a command having a modem connected to the branch, at least one communication having a modem connected to the network, the method comprising steps of sending information between the communication station and the control, in the form of modulated signals passing through the branch, of reading by the communication station or by controlling the information sent.
• the network further comprises a counter for measuring the electricity consumption of the bypass, connected to the switch control, the method further comprising a step of reading by controlling the consumption measured by the counter. .
• the network further comprises a switch placed in series on the bypass, the method further comprising a step of opening the switch by the command as a function of the consumption measured.
• information is sent from the command to the communication station during a sending step.
• information sent includes the consumption measurement.
• information sent includes a request to open or close the switch, the method further comprising a step of opening or closing the switch by the command.
• the command also comprises a variable caliber function for limiting the power of the bypass, information sent comprising a request to modify the caliber of the communication station towards the command, the method further comprising a step of modification of the size by command.
• the network further comprises a memory memorizing a credit or a debit, means for reading / writing from the memory, in communication with the communication station, information sent from the command to the communication station during a sending step comprises the consumption read, the method further comprising a step of modifying the credit or the debit as a function of the consumption read.
• the method further comprises a step of comparing the stored credit or debit with a predetermined threshold, information sent from the communication station to the command includes a request to open the switch, the method comprising in addition a step of opening the switch by the control.
• the derivation comprises a user circuit downstream of the meter, a commumcation station is placed on the user circuit.
• the network includes a supply circuit for several branches, a communication station is placed on the supply circuit.
• the network comprises a second communication station placed upstream of the first station at the outlet of a transformer, the method comprising a step of sending information between the communication stations with a different modulation frequency by report to the shipment between the first communication station and the order.
• control also has a sensor for measuring the voltage of the bypass, the method further comprising steps of comparing the voltage measured by the sensor with the voltage measured by the meter, opening the 'switch by command when the voltage difference crosses a predetermined threshold.
• the method further comprises steps of detecting a sending in progress on a part of the network, prior to a sending, of prohibiting sending if a sending is detected.
• the invention also relates to an electricity distribution network comprising a user supply branch, a switch control having a modem connected to the branch, at least one communication station having a modem connected to the network.
• the modems are frequency modulation modems, using a modulation frequency between 70 and 95 kHz.
• the network further comprises a meter for measuring the electricity consumption of the bypass.
• the network comprises a user circuit downstream of the counter and in that the communication station is placed on the user circuit.
• the control comprises a voltage sensor of the shunt and a comparator comparing the measurement of the sensor with the measurement of the counter.
• control is connected to the branch downstream of the meter.
• control also has a variable rating for limiting the power of the bypass.
• the network further comprises a memory storing a credit or a debit, means for reading / writing the memory in communication with the communication station.
• the network comprises a supply circuit for several branches, and a communication station placed on the supply circuit.
• the network comprises a second communication station placed upstream of the first station at the outlet of a transformer, the modulation between the first and second communication stations differing from the modulation between the first communication station and the control.
• the modems of the first and second communication stations are frequency modulation modems, using a modulation frequency between 50 and 70 kHz.
• the network further includes a terminal communicating with the communication station and having a magnetic card reader, a smart card reader, a screen, or a keyboard.
• control, the terminal, or the communication station have a battery supply.
• the network preferably includes a switch placed in series on the branch.
• the network preferably has a supply voltage for the bypass of 11 ON, 220N, 230V or 340N.
• the invention also relates to an electrical distribution network switch control, comprising a modem capable of being connected to the network and an interface for connection to an electric meter.
• the invention also relates to a kit for an electricity distribution network, comprising a switch, a switch control, comprising a modem capable of being connected to a branch of a network, a co-communication station, including a modem capable of being connected to a network branch and communicating with the control modem.
• the kit also comprises a terminal capable of communicating with the communication station and having a magnetic card reader, a smart card reader, a screen, or a keyboard.
• the control also has an interface capable of being connected to an electricity consumption meter.
• control also has a variable electric power limitation rating.
• FIG. 1 a schematic view of a local electrical distribution network according to one embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 4 a detailed view of the structure of a user communication station.
• the invention provides an electricity distribution network having a user power bypass.
• a bypass switch has a command including a modem. The command communicates via the bypass with a communication station placed upstream or downstream of the command.
• FIG. 1 schematically represents a local electrical distribution network 1.
• This network 1 comprises for example a transformer 2 for transforming a high voltage MV applied to the primary into a LV voltage of three-phase sector in the secondary.
• a branch branch 3 is supplied by the secondary voltage.
• Individual user branches 4 connect to branch branch 3 to take, for example, a single-phase voltage.
• An electric meter 5 has an input connected to the individual user branch 4. The output of the electric meter connects to a user connection line 9.
• a power switch 7 is placed in series on the user connection line 9. This switch 7 is actuated in opening and closing by a command 6. This command 6 is connected to the meter 5 by a very low voltage electrical connection. safety 8.
• the connection line 9 connects to a circuit breaker housing 10 for protecting a distribution panel, not shown, of the user.
• the distribution panel may include, in a manner known per se, fuses, earth leakage circuit breakers or current limiting ratings.
• the output of the circuit breaker box feeds the user's electrical circuit 11.
• a user communication station 12 is connected to the user's electrical circuit 11, for example at an electrical outlet.
• An identification or payment terminal 13 is connected to the communication station 12.
• a smart card 14 containing an electric power credit is inserted in the terminal 13.
• FIG. 2 represents a more detailed view of an embodiment of a control 6.
• the control comprises a processor 21, a modem 22, a power supply module 23 and a demodulator 24.
• the switch 6 is placed in series on a portion 9 of the user bypass.
• the command 6 actuates the switch by any suitable means for opening or closing.
• the actuation can be managed by the processor 21.
• a pin of the processor can for example be connected directly to the switch.
• Modem 22 is connected to the processor. It is used to send and receive information by carrier current on the bypass. This information is sent to one or more communication stations which will be described later.
• the modem is connected to the bypass through electrical connections 25 and 26.
• the modem may also have an electrical connection to the bypass on both the upstream and downstream sides of the switch, so that it can communicate in the two directions even when switch 7 is open.
• the modem preferably uses frequency modulation.
• the modulation frequency range is preferably between 70 and 95 kHz.
• This domain is assigned by CEI and CEN standards to the electricity distributor and is to this day little polluted by electrical disturbances.
• This type of modulation without exploitation of synchronization on the mains frequency (50 Hz or 60 Hz) makes it possible to communicate in the absence of mains voltage.
• the transmission levels are in accordance with the IEC standards in force and can be reduced in the absence of mains voltage because in the latter case the noise generated by the electrical equipment is non-existent.
• Command 6 also includes a communication interface with the counter
• This interface can comprise a demodulator, connected to an electrical link 27 to the counter 5. It is also possible to use any other type of appropriate interface or connection. We can for example use two pins of a standard connector such as RJ45 for the output interface.
• the control can read consumption or power demand indices via its connection to the meter. This information can be sent over the branch through the modem.
• a standard electric meter 5 can be used. This type of meter generally measures the electrical power consumed and stores one or more corresponding electrical consumption indexes.
• a Ferraris type pulse counter or a static electronic counter can be used. In the latter case, an 11-42 type link can be used to reprogram the meter by a terminal of the supplier.
• a static electric meter with a digital output interface is used
• the power supply module 23 can be connected in parallel on the bypass.
• This power supply module makes it possible to operate the components of the control.
• the module 23 can be selectively connected upstream or downstream of the meter, so that its own consumption can be billed or not to the user.
• the control also preferably has a non-volatile memory for storing different parameters measured or read even in the absence of power.
• the command reads other types of measurements, such as for example the instantaneous or average cos,, the power called instantaneously or on average, an identification number of the user. These measurements can be made by the counter and read by the command.
• the order can also include its own measurement means. These measurements can be sent to a communication station downstream of the meter or to a communication station upstream of the meter. Some of this data can also be read by an operator connecting to a suitable interface optionally provided on the order.
• the command can also include a programming of the processor prohibiting the communication of certain measurements to a downstream communication station.
• You can also integrate a variable caliber function into the control. Such a command makes it possible to modify the subscribed power remotely, or even to limit it temporarily, without moving an operator. One can for example modify the caliber to limit the power used by the user in the event of default of payment. You can also change the size according to the wishes of a user.
• the control can also open the switch when the subscribed power exceeds the power of the rating.
• the control can thus replace the calibration function usually integrated in the user's circuit breaker box. It is possible to modify a pre-existing installation to modify or delete the rating of the circuit breaker box. The calibration function according to the subscribed power is then ensured by the command.
• the order can thus collect data on the quality of the supply, on the imbalance of user charges or on the mode of use by the customer of its control interface.
• the control can present any suitable means for carrying out the measurements necessary for these functions on the bypass.
• a supplier's communication station 15 can be placed upstream of the switch, for example on the branch branch 3 connected to the transformer.
• This communication station may have a processor to manage its communications.
• This communication station has a modem connected to branch branch 3. Any interface for connection to the appropriate branch branch can be used. One can for example provide a special interface for connection to a three-phase branch branch.
• the modem can be connected to the processor to manage the sending and receiving of information on the branch branch.
• the modem is used to send and receive information by carrier current on the bypass. This information is sent to the control or to one or more other communication stations downstream of the switch, or more upstream of the branch branch.
• the communication station 16 also has a modem for communicating by carrier current with the communication station 15. The modem of the station 16 is thus capable of transmitting and receiving information via the supply network.
• Station 16 can also send information back to a supplier's portable terminal using an interface 17. This can be done using the Euridis protocol IEC 13-34 standard and a portable input terminal or connecting to a network. public, for example by PSTN, by GSM or by fiber optic cabling.
• FIG. 3 represents a detailed view of an embodiment of a communication station 15 particularly suitable for operating with a communication station
• This station 15 allows the conversion between the protocols used upstream and the protocols used downstream.
• This station 15 includes a processor 31 connected to two modems 32 and 33.
• the modem 32 is capable of communicating with the command 6 in a similar manner to the modem of the station 15 described above.
• the modem 33 uses a different communication protocol than the modem 32.
• the modem 33 can thus communicate with the modem of the station 16 without interference.
• the protocol used by the distributor is used to perform the remote reading of the consumption indexes function.
• the Plan protocol on SFSK modulation is used, which authorizes operation on a three-phase network.
• the communication station 15 can also have a single modem capable of selectively or simultaneously using two different communication protocols.
• FIG 4 shows in more detail an embodiment of a communication station 12 which can be placed on the user circuit.
• the station 12 has a processor 41, a battery 42 and a modem 43.
• the modem 43 is connected to the user circuit 11. It is adapted to be put in communication on the branch 9, 11 with the modem of the command 6 by carrier current.
• the modems, respectively of station 12 and of control 6, thus use a common communication protocol.
• the communication station 12 can also have means for measuring parameters of the user circuit. These various parameters, such as the local electricity consumption or the maximum instantaneous power can be processed by the processor and possibly stored in a memory of the appropriate station.
• the communication station 12 can also be put into communication with a terminal 13. Communication between the downstream communication station and the terminal can be carried out by any suitable means, such as by cable, radio frequency or carrier current connection on the user circuit.
• the terminal 13 can be used to record a credit or debit in a memory.
• the memory can be included in a card or in a component of the terminal.
• Terminal 13 may also include a processor for reading, writing or processing information from memory.
• the terminal 13 can have one or more of the following elements: a keyboard, a screen or a magnetic or chip card reader.
• the terminal can be used to authenticate the user by a code or by reading a smart card for example. By using such a terminal, the delivery of electric current to the user circuit may be subject to prior authentication. This authentication can be cross-checked with information from a terminal placed at the distributor to further limit possible fraud.
• the terminal 13 can also be used inter alia to control the electrical circuit 11, to monitor a prepaid consumer credit, to identify bank details for billing purposes or to detect fraud.
• the terminal can use measurements provided by the communication station 12 to perform its various functions. It is also possible to use terminals having other functions, such as computers.
• the communication station 12 of the user circuit and the terminal 13 can of course be integrated in a single housing.
• the terminal can also provide the possibility for the user to change the distribution network, for example by using prepaid cards from different suppliers. The user can then use different cards according to different hourly rates offered by several suppliers.
• the terminal and / or the downstream communication station preferably also have a non-volatile memory for storing various measured, read or received parameters even in the absence of power.
• kits comprising a switch, a control and a communication station as described above.
• An existing network can thus be modified by retaining most of the existing electrical elements of the bypass, and by adding to them additional components such as a communication station, a command or a terminal as described.
• Each element of the kit also makes it possible to develop the network partially by simply changing or modifying this element.
• information is sent between the communication station and the command in the form of modulated signals. Sending can of course be carried out in both directions of communication.
• the communication station or the command then reads the information sent.
• the command reads one or more consumptions measured by the meter.
• the control can read the off-peak and peak hours consumption indexes, respectively. Provision can be made for the command to open the intersecting device when a consumption threshold is exceeded. It can also be provided that the consumption read is used to modify a memorized credit or debit.
• This memory can for example be placed in the terminal 13 or in a computer database available to the electricity supplier.
• the supplier or a computer program can then possibly decide to interrupt the supply of the customer.
• the terminal described above can be used in conjunction with a smart card.
• the card can be purchased from an electricity supplier and contain an electricity consumption credit.
• the extension can send a credit depletion signal to the order.
• the control can then open the bypass circuit. Limiting a user's consumption to a predetermined or prepaid quantity can be useful, for example, to eliminate the problem of collecting unpaid invoices, to allow punctual payment at fairs, in ports or temporary residences. This type of operation also allows the user to change supplier using different prepaid cards.
• the command sends the consumption measurement read to one of the communication stations, and in particular to the communication station 15.
• a communication station can also send different types of requests or information to the order.
• the communication station 12 or 15 can for example send a request to open the switch to the command 6. This request can for example be sent when it is desired to limit the consumption or the power consumed. This can be used for example in the event of default by the user. It is also possible, if necessary, to modify the power rating of the remote control, either from station 12 by intervention of the user, or by intervention of an operator from station 15 or 16, the optionally.
• One of the communication stations then sends a caliber modification request which is carried out by the command.
• the control performs a voltage or power measurement. It then compares this measurement to a corresponding value read or extrapolated from the electric meter. When the values differ significantly, fraud is determined by shorting the counter. We can then open the switch.
• a communication station or the control preferably detects the transmission of information on the user bypass, prior to their own transmission. This can prevent interference between different shipments. This detection can be carried out by detection of carrier current.
• the invention can also be applied to gas or water networks.
• Such a network includes a bypass line for supplying power to a user.
• a fluid meter measures the amount of fluid flowing through the pipe.
• a solenoid valve or an electric pump is placed in series on the bypass line. It is for example possible to mount a control 1 to actuate the solenoid valve or the pump.
• the counter can be put in communication with the control by any suitable means. It is best to use radio communication between the meter and the controller. It is thus possible to communicate the command and the meter remotely without electrical connection, which is desirable depending on the fluid placed in the pipe.
• the control can thus retrieve communication indexes by placing a radio transmitter on the meter and a radio receiver on the control.
• the device can include a communication station.
• the control can communicate with the communication station and send it read consumption indexes or other information as we have seen previously.
• the communication station can be placed upstream if it is intended to be used by the network operator.
• the communication station is placed downstream if it is intended to be used by the network user.
• the upstream and downstream stations can of course be combined as in the example of the electrical network.
• the control and a communication station can be put into communication using the power supply wiring from the pump or the solenoid valve. It is possible to communicate by carrier current by placing an appropriate modem respectively in the control and in the communication station. It is sufficient that the communication station is also connected to the electrical supply wiring of the control.
• One can also provide a command terminal placed downstream of the command for example to operate the bypass by prepayment.
• the present invention is not limited to the examples and embodiments described and shown, but it is susceptible of numerous variants accessible to those skilled in the art.
• a command associated with a counter has been described previously, provision can be made to use several commands in the user circuit associated with a single counter.
• the bypass may also include only a communication station, respectively on the downstream or upstream side of the meter.
• the branch represented is single-phase, the invention also applies to other types of branches, such as three-phase branches.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
• Finance (AREA)
• Strategic Management (AREA)
• General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
• Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
• Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

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• 2001
  • 2001-07-17 FR FR0109537A patent/FR2827716B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2002
  • 2002-07-17 EP EP02767578A patent/EP1413035A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2002-07-17 WO PCT/FR2002/002550 patent/WO2003009446A1/fr not_active Ceased

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