EP1396699A2 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schutz gegen Individuen durch Induktion störender Gefühle aus einer Entfernung - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schutz gegen Individuen durch Induktion störender Gefühle aus einer Entfernung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1396699A2
EP1396699A2 EP20030102627 EP03102627A EP1396699A2 EP 1396699 A2 EP1396699 A2 EP 1396699A2 EP 20030102627 EP20030102627 EP 20030102627 EP 03102627 A EP03102627 A EP 03102627A EP 1396699 A2 EP1396699 A2 EP 1396699A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
laser
wavelength
laser emission
individuals
operator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20030102627
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1396699A3 (de
Inventor
Xavier Thales Intellectual Property CHAMUSSY
Jean-Paul Thales Intellectual Property GUYVARCH
Jean-Paul Thales Intellectual Property POCHOLLE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TDA Armements SAS
Original Assignee
TDA Armements SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TDA Armements SAS filed Critical TDA Armements SAS
Publication of EP1396699A2 publication Critical patent/EP1396699A2/de
Publication of EP1396699A3 publication Critical patent/EP1396699A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H13/00—Means of attack or defence not otherwise provided for
    • F41H13/0043—Directed energy weapons, i.e. devices that direct a beam of high energy content toward a target for incapacitating or destroying the target
    • F41H13/0068—Directed energy weapons, i.e. devices that direct a beam of high energy content toward a target for incapacitating or destroying the target the high-energy beam being of microwave type, e.g. for causing a heating effect in the target

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a protection method and device operating by induction at a distance from destabilizing sensations, in particular intended to cause disturbing skin sensations to living beings, individuals or animals, so as to dissuade them from performing a prohibited or dangerous action .
  • the invention can for example be implemented during crowd or herd restraint operations within a defined perimeter or on a given progression axis. It can also be used to protect a given area against intrusion.
  • the tear agents are not very selective.
  • the spread of tear gas in the atmosphere can in particular affect so equivalent individuals to control and the police. Even more, she can inconvenience individuals located nearby, but foreign to the situation.
  • Acoustic devices or systems of the water lance type are generally of a heavy and not very discreet implementation.
  • Projectile launchers such as rubber, look more like offensive systems in their effects than control systems.
  • An object of the invention is in particular to offer an answer to the problem of control and control of individuals, which does not have the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the invention relates to a method of protection against individuals which induces disturbing sensations at a distance by means of a laser beam.
  • the energy of the laser beam used is absorbed by the water molecules contained in the cells of the epidermis of individuals.
  • the invention also relates to a protection device against individuals which comprises means for emitting a laser beam.
  • the energy of the laser beam used is absorbed by the water molecules contained in the cells of the epidermis of individuals.
  • the invention makes it possible in particular to distract the attention of individuals whose wants to protect themselves and thwart their dangerous or malicious actions.
  • This process which notably uses an invisible laser emission, has for advantage of being discreet. It can also be relatively handy.
  • its action is in the domain of sensation: it does not induce no damage to the individuals to which it is applied.
  • the sensations disturbing effects have a simple destabilizing effect.
  • FIG. 1 briefly illustrates a simple example of direct use of the invention by a human operator.
  • the invention consists of a portable device composed for example of a housing 11 containing the actual laser source associated with a supply device 12.
  • the supply device 12 is for example housed in a bag type packaging on the back, while the case 11 is carried by hand by the operator 13 and pointed to the judge on individuals 14.
  • the starting and stopping of the device are carried out manually by the operator, in the manner of a flashlight.
  • the action of the operator consists in the example of directing the beam preferably on an uncovered part of the individuals 14 that one wishes to control. When it is started up, the device will induce disturbing sensations, at the level of the parts of the body of individuals 14 which are affected by the beam.
  • the box can for example be equipped with an annex device 15 generating a visible spot, aligned with the direction of the laser beam.
  • an annex device 15 generating a visible spot, aligned with the direction of the laser beam.
  • Figure 2 shows a simplified diagram of the epidermis.
  • the first five layers 21 to 25 are respectively the horny, clear and granular layers, the Malpighi layer and the basal layer. These layers have a protective role in particular.
  • layer 26, or dermal papilla contains sensitive receptors and has a role of alert. This layer is the innermost. It is located at a depth which varies from a hundred microns to a few hundred microns depending on the thickness 27 of the epidermis. Generally, this sensitive layer does not directly receive excitation.
  • the stimulations of the dermal papilla generally come from the surface of the skin and undergo a certain attenuation before reaching it.
  • the excitement reaches the papilla only after interacting with the other layers of the epidermis. It therefore acts on sensitive receptors only weakly. To obtain a disturbing sensation, it is therefore necessary to carry out a relatively intense excitation which can in the process damage the cellular tissues crossed.
  • This excitation mode is that used by some of the methods presented above, in particular in handguns, water lances or rubber projectiles. It is therefore understandable that to be effective, this kind of process can cause certain bodily harm.
  • the invention proceeds to directly affect the sensitive layer of the epidermis by means of light energy.
  • the use of the qualifier of light is used for electromagnetic radiation whose wavelength extends from ultraviolet rays to infrared.
  • the invention provides direct stimulation of receptors of the papilla, using a laser beam.
  • the wavelength of the laser beam is chosen so that the light energy is absorbed in the included area between the interface zone and the dermal papilla.
  • FIG. 3 presents a graphic representation of the variation in the depth of penetration of a light beam into an aqueous medium, as a function of the wavelength.
  • the wavelength variation range shown here varies around 2 ⁇ m.
  • the curve 31 which represents the absorption thickness of an aqueous medium has a minimum for wavelengths located around 2 ⁇ m.
  • this wavelength range almost all of the radiation is absorbed over a depth of approximately between 100 ⁇ m and 200 ⁇ m.
  • This graphic representation translates the evolution of the illumination produced by a light beam in a medium, as a function of the distance.
  • the tissue of the epidermis like all living tissue, is made up of a very large part of water. This water is notably present in a substantially continuous manner over the thickness of the epidermis, and bathes the sensitive receptors of the papilla.
  • the epidermis will therefore have an absorption equivalent to an aqueous medium, for wavelengths located around 2 ⁇ m. If we illuminate the epidermis with a light beam located in this wavelength range, we obtain a thermal effect, located in a volume defined by the illuminated section and the absorption thickness. This effect will be felt by the sensitive layer of the epidermis creating the desired disturbing sensation.
  • the method according to the invention therefore advantageously uses this absorption characteristic. It should also be noted that in this range of wavelengths, the laser emission does not pose any particular problem of dispersion or absorption as regards its propagation in the ambient air. The broadcast can therefore be carried out at a certain distance from the targeted individual.
  • the adequate laser emission is within a range of wavelengths often used for the production of power lasers.
  • emissive sources whose radiation is around 2 ⁇ m and which offer a reasonable size are feasible. Different ways, not detailed here, can be used to achieve them.
  • the embodiment is in particular a function of the desired power and the acceptable size.
  • an illumination of the order of a few tens of watts, or even a hundred watts, per square centimeter proves to be a value sufficient to induce a disturbing sensation in most individuals.
  • This illumination can be obtained using a laser source emitting a pulsed wave or else a continuous wave. Depending on the case, to know the value of the illumination produced by the source, we will consider the peak power of the pulses emitted or the average power of the continuous wave.
  • a laser emission the wavelength of which is around 2 ⁇ m, can be produced from sources using rare earths incorporated into host crystal matrices. These rare earths have the property of emitting coherent radiation in the desired wavelength range when they are excited by another laser source, for example a diode.
  • the sources obtained in this way benefit from a high pumping efficiency, which advantageously makes it possible to produce devices of small bulk.
  • On the curve of FIG. 3 have been shown by way of example three points 32, 33 and 34 which represent the absorption of an aqueous medium for wavelengths characteristic of the emission of laser sources using rare earths , Thalmium (Tm) for points 32 and 33 and Holmium (Ho) for point 34.
  • optical parametric oscillator It has the advantage allow some wavelength adjustment and therefore optimize the effects of the beam with regard to its interaction with the environment organic.
  • laser-based diodes As sources antimonide compounds (Ga As Sb) or diodes exploiting the quantum cascade mechanism known elsewhere.
  • FIG. 3 represents the variation in the thickness of absorption of an aqueous medium, when the wavelength of the beam penetrating into the medium is situated over an absorption range situated around 2 ⁇ m.
  • This phenomenon is not unique and there are other absorption ranges, in particular around 1 ⁇ m for which there are comparable variations in the absorption thickness.
  • the method according to the invention exploits this particular range in order to respond to the concern set out above of causing no damage, and especially no permanent damage, to the individuals subjected to the process.
  • the damages to avoid are those linked to exposure of the retina to the emitted laser beam.
  • the method according to the invention takes advantage of the absorbent optical properties of the cornea illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • FIG. 4 gives us for different wavelength values the graphical representation of the variation of the critical optical fluence as a function of the duration of exposure to a light beam.
  • Optical fluence is an experimental quantity which characterizes the maximum energy density per unit area, expressed in Joules per m 2 , that the eye can accept as a function of the duration of exposure.
  • FIG. 4 presents three curves 41, 42 and 43, established for wavelengths respectively equal to 0.8 ⁇ m, 1.064 ⁇ m and 1.55 ⁇ m which correspond to current applications which comply with the standards of protection of persons in force. These curves, although established for wavelengths shorter than that used by the invention, allow certain observations to be made. It can be seen in FIG. 4 that the optical fluence increases with the wavelength received by the eye.
  • the value of the critical optical fluence increases significantly. It tends towards a value comparable to the illumination (a few tens of watts per cm 2 ) implemented by the method according to the invention. It can also be seen that beyond 1.55 ⁇ m the value of the optical fluence practically no longer undergoes the effect of compensating for 44. It increases continuously when the duration of exposure increases towards the second.
  • Curve 51 is the graphical representation of the change in maximum exposure allowed, or EMP, depending on the wavelength of the emitted beam. This variation is given for an illumination time of approximately one second.
  • the EMP represents the power density limit that must not exceed a program to comply with the regulations on protection of people.
  • Curve 51 represents the EMP relating to the eye.
  • the method according to the invention has possible applications which are very variety.
  • the devices implementing it also have a shape and structure, which depend on the type of laser source used.
  • the choice of type of source depends in particular on the desired power. We can however cite some examples
  • a first type of application is that concerning the related activities of generally to the maintenance of order.
  • the method can be implemented by a device portable as a manual torch type pointer and pointed to the judge, or even as a pointer equipped with a day / night viewfinder. he can also by a device added as additional equipment to a more offensive system such as a rifle type weapon or a viewfinder mount. It can also be implemented in a mobile automatic device or not or a remote-controlled device, for example provided with a day / night camera.
  • Another type of application concerns the protection of precious objects, such as for example works of art, against theft or malice.
  • the process can then for example be implemented by a series of devices transmitters, placed on a perimeter surrounding the precious object to be protected.
  • the devices can for example be fixed on a gantry or integrated into the ceiling of the exhibition space and point down, so that they form around the object a dissuasive barrier. This invisible barrier would to contemplate and photograph the object without visual discomfort.
  • a third possible type of application concerns monitoring and control of livestock or more generally animals.
  • the process according to the invention can for example be implemented in the production of removable barriers to isolate a given perimeter. He can still be implemented to facilitate the capture without damage of animals.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Laser Surgery Devices (AREA)
  • Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
EP03102627A 2002-09-06 2003-08-22 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schutz gegen Individuen durch Induktion störender Gefühle aus einer Entfernung Withdrawn EP1396699A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0211071A FR2844347B1 (fr) 2002-09-06 2002-09-06 Procede et dispositif de protection contre des individus, par induction a distance de sensations perturbantes
FR0211071 2002-09-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1396699A2 true EP1396699A2 (de) 2004-03-10
EP1396699A3 EP1396699A3 (de) 2004-05-12

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EP03102627A Withdrawn EP1396699A3 (de) 2002-09-06 2003-08-22 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schutz gegen Individuen durch Induktion störender Gefühle aus einer Entfernung

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EP (1) EP1396699A3 (de)
FR (1) FR2844347B1 (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007022339A3 (en) * 2005-08-18 2007-05-18 Raytheon Co Weapon having lethal and non-lethal directed-energy portions
DE102005062836A1 (de) * 2004-09-14 2007-06-28 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren und Vorrichtung nicht-letalen Einwirkens auf Objekte
GB2467588A (en) * 2009-02-10 2010-08-11 Christopher John Brummell Vehicle immobilising system
US7784390B1 (en) 2005-08-18 2010-08-31 Raytheon Company Solid-state non-lethal directed energy weapon
US7889499B2 (en) 2005-08-18 2011-02-15 Raytheon Company Integrated replaceable energy storage and coolant module
AT510066A1 (de) * 2010-06-29 2012-01-15 Riegl Laser Measurement Sys Vorrichtung zum mobilen laserscannen

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5617444A (en) * 1994-09-09 1997-04-01 Lasermax Inc. Laser gun and cartridge
US5837918A (en) * 1994-12-15 1998-11-17 Daimler-Benz Aerospace Ag Weapons system for a laser
DE29821468U1 (de) * 1998-12-01 1999-04-29 Merlaku, Kastriot, 84347 Pfarrkirchen Abwehrgerät
WO1999024755A1 (en) * 1997-11-10 1999-05-20 Science & Engineering Associates, Inc. Self-contained laser illuminator module
GB2346432A (en) * 1999-01-05 2000-08-09 Lawrence Delcassian Hand-held laser weapon using spherical mirror to disperse laser beam.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5617444A (en) * 1994-09-09 1997-04-01 Lasermax Inc. Laser gun and cartridge
US5837918A (en) * 1994-12-15 1998-11-17 Daimler-Benz Aerospace Ag Weapons system for a laser
WO1999024755A1 (en) * 1997-11-10 1999-05-20 Science & Engineering Associates, Inc. Self-contained laser illuminator module
DE29821468U1 (de) * 1998-12-01 1999-04-29 Merlaku, Kastriot, 84347 Pfarrkirchen Abwehrgerät
GB2346432A (en) * 1999-01-05 2000-08-09 Lawrence Delcassian Hand-held laser weapon using spherical mirror to disperse laser beam.

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005062836A1 (de) * 2004-09-14 2007-06-28 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren und Vorrichtung nicht-letalen Einwirkens auf Objekte
WO2007022339A3 (en) * 2005-08-18 2007-05-18 Raytheon Co Weapon having lethal and non-lethal directed-energy portions
US7490538B2 (en) 2005-08-18 2009-02-17 Raytheon Company Weapon having lethal and non-lethal directed-energy portions
US7784390B1 (en) 2005-08-18 2010-08-31 Raytheon Company Solid-state non-lethal directed energy weapon
US7889499B2 (en) 2005-08-18 2011-02-15 Raytheon Company Integrated replaceable energy storage and coolant module
EP2336709A1 (de) * 2005-08-18 2011-06-22 Raytheon Company Waffe mit tödlichen und nicht tödlichen gerichteten Energieteilen
GB2467588A (en) * 2009-02-10 2010-08-11 Christopher John Brummell Vehicle immobilising system
AT510066A1 (de) * 2010-06-29 2012-01-15 Riegl Laser Measurement Sys Vorrichtung zum mobilen laserscannen
AT510066B1 (de) * 2010-06-29 2012-07-15 Riegl Laser Measurement Sys Vorrichtung zum mobilen laserscannen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2844347B1 (fr) 2006-11-24
FR2844347A1 (fr) 2004-03-12
EP1396699A3 (de) 2004-05-12

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