EP1392971B1 - Ignition system for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Ignition system for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1392971B1
EP1392971B1 EP02745098A EP02745098A EP1392971B1 EP 1392971 B1 EP1392971 B1 EP 1392971B1 EP 02745098 A EP02745098 A EP 02745098A EP 02745098 A EP02745098 A EP 02745098A EP 1392971 B1 EP1392971 B1 EP 1392971B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ignition
energy accumulator
timer
control line
ignition system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02745098A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1392971A1 (en
Inventor
Ralf Förster
Stefan Haimerl
Kurt Kienbaum
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
    • F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/05—Layout of circuits for control of the magnitude of the current in the ignition coil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
    • F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/05—Layout of circuits for control of the magnitude of the current in the ignition coil
    • F02P3/051—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices
    • F02P3/053—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices using digital techniques
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
    • F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/045—Layout of circuits for control of the dwell or anti dwell time
    • F02P3/0453—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices
    • F02P3/0456—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices using digital techniques

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ignition system for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the ignition of the fuel mixture in the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine usually takes place by means of a spark plug, via which an ignition coil discharges.
  • the electrical energy stored in the ignition coil should also not be too large, since this leads to an increased thermal load of the ignition coil and ignition output and, moreover, increases the wear of the spark plug.
  • electrical energy should be within a predetermined range to allow for minimal thermal stress on ignition coil and ignition and lowest possible wear of the spark plug safe triggering of a spark.
  • EP 0 555 851 A2 discloses an ignition system in which the ignition output stage measures the ignition voltage and reports back via a separate line.
  • the invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide an ignition system for an internal combustion engine, which allows the most accurate adjustment of the ignition energy and the ignition current without a large power loss occurs. This should be created with the least possible connection lines the possibility of testing whether the ignition energy has been sufficient to trigger a spark.
  • the invention is, starting from a known ignition system for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1, achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • the invention includes the general technical teaching, instead of a current limit to regulate the charging time for the ignition coil, wherein the regulation of the charging time in dependence on the electric current erfogt at the end of the charging time.
  • the ignition system according to the invention therefore has a timer which determines the duration of the charging time and thus the energy content of the ignition coil before the next ignition.
  • the ignition system on a measuring unit for detecting the state of charge of the energy storage device, wherein the measuring unit is connected in a feedback loop with the timer to the charging time in Depending on the state of charge at the end of the charging time to adjust state of charge.
  • the charging time is up-regulated by the feedback loop, so that the energy content of the ignition coil at the next charging is greater.
  • the switch-on of the switching element connected to the ignition coil is moved forward, whereas the switch-off and thus the end of the charging process is maintained, since this time is determined by the ignition timing corresponding to the respective crankshaft position.
  • the measuring unit detects that the energy content of the ignition coil is greater than necessary at the end of the charging time
  • the charging time is reduced by the feedback loop by shifting the switch-on time of the switching element connected to the energy storage device backwards, which reduces the charging time. Again, however, the switch-off and thus the end of the charging time is maintained, since this time is determined by the predetermined ignition timing.
  • the measuring unit for measuring the state of charge has a measuring resistor, which is connected in series with the energy store or the ignition coil, so that the voltage drop across the measuring resistor makes it possible to determine the energy content of the ignition coil.
  • a threshold element is arranged in the feedback loop between the measuring unit and the timer, which compares the measured state of charge of the energy store with a predetermined threshold value and generates a control signal for the timer in dependence on the comparison.
  • a threshold element is arranged in the feedback loop between the measuring unit and the timer, which compares the measured state of charge of the energy store with a predetermined threshold value and generates a control signal for the timer in dependence on the comparison.
  • the data transmission between the timer on the one hand and the measuring unit and the controllable switching element on the other hand via a bidirectional control line preferably takes place in that the measuring unit controls a controllable current sink or a controllable current source in order to impress on the bidirectional control line a current signal for the feedback to the timer.
  • a voltage measuring unit is connected to the energy store, which monitors the ignition voltage, wherein the voltage measuring unit is connected on the output side via a controllable current source or a controllable current sink with the bidirectional control line to impress on the control line, a current signal corresponding to the measured voltage.
  • the timer can also be transmitted information about the duration of the spark.
  • the ignition system shown in Figure 1 consists of a control unit 1 and an ignition device 2 with an integrated ignition coil 3 and a likewise integrated ignition output 4, wherein the control unit 1 is connected via a bidirectional control line 5 to the ignition device 2.
  • control line 5 enables control of the charging process of the ignition coil 3 and, on the other hand, allows feedback from the ignition device 2 to the control unit 1 on the state of charge of the ignition coil 3 and the spark duration, as will be described in detail.
  • the ignition coil 3 is connected to the existing of an IGBT ignition output stage 4 and a measuring resistor 6 in series between battery voltage U BAT and ground, so that the ignition coil 3 forms with the measuring resistor 6 when switching the ignition output 4 an RL member.
  • the gate of the ignition output stage 4 is connected via a driver 7 to the control input of the ignition device 2, via which the ignition device 2 is connected by the bidirectional control line 5 to the control unit 1.
  • the control unit 1 can thus switch through the ignition output stage 4 via the bidirectional control line 5, whereupon the electrical current through the ignition coil 3 increases substantially linearly, as shown in FIG.
  • the ignition coil 3 On the output side, the ignition coil 3 is connected via a diode 8 to a spark plug 9, so that the ignition coil 3 can discharge when blocking the ignition output stage 4 via the spark plug 9, wherein a spark is generated.
  • a tap for voltage measurement is provided, which is connected to a measuring input of a comparator 10.
  • the other input of the comparator is with a center tap of a voltage divider connected, which consists of two resistors 11, 12, wherein the size of the resistor 12 defines a reference current value for the charging of the ignition coil 3.
  • the comparator 10 is connected to the base of a transistor 13, which connects the control input of the ignition device via a resistor 14 to ground and forms a controllable current sink.
  • the transistor 13 When the transistor 13 is turned on, the control input of the ignition device 2 is pulled to ground via the resistor 14, so that the ignition device 2 draws an additional current from the control unit via the bidirectional connection line, which can be detected by the latter.
  • the switching of the transistor 13 takes place when the comparator 10 detects that the electric current flowing through the ignition coil 3 exceeds the predetermined reference current value.
  • the ignition device 2 a further controllable current sink, which consists of a transistor 15 and a resistor 16 connected to ground, wherein the driving of the transistor 15 is effected by a diagnostic circuit 17 shown only schematically.
  • the ignition device 2 also allows the transmission of the spark duration.
  • the ground-side terminal of the ignition coil 3 is connected via a resistor 18 to an input of a comparator 19, wherein the other input of the comparator 19 is connected to battery voltage U BAT .
  • the comparator 19 thus compares the voltage drop across the ignition coil 3 electrical voltage with a predetermined reference voltage value to determine whether a spark is emitted.
  • a controllable current source which consists of a transistor 20 and a resistor 21, wherein the transistor 20, the control input of the ignition device 2 when switching through the resistor 21 connects with battery voltage U BAT , so that the current source drives a current through the bidirectional control line, resulting in a reduction of the electrical current drawn by the ignition device 2 via the bidirectional control line from the control unit 1, as shown in Figure 2.
  • control unit 1 The structural design of the control unit 1 will now be described.
  • the control unit has a connection 22, which can be controlled, for example, by a microprocessor, not shown, wherein the microprocessor serves as a timer and determines the charging time for the ignition coil 3.
  • the terminal 22 is low-active and connected via a driver 23 to the base of two transistors 24, 25, wherein the driver 23 of the level adjustment between the bidirectional control line 5 and the terminal 22 is for connection to a microprocessor. With a logic low level at the terminal 22, therefore, the transistor 24 turns on, whereas the transistor 25 turns on at a logic high level.
  • the transistor 25 is in this case ground side connected via a measuring resistor 26 to ground and is used in the ignition diagnosis to determine the transmitted from the ignition device 2 via the bidirectional control line 5 spark duration.
  • the measuring resistor 26 is connected to the two inputs of a comparator 27, which thus compares the current flowing through the measuring resistor 26 with a predetermined reference value.
  • the comparator 27 On the output side, the comparator 27 is connected to the base of a transistor 28, which pulls a terminal 28 to ground when turned on.
  • the digital signal at the terminal 29 thus reflects the current through the measuring resistor and is low during the spark-burning time.
  • the transistor 24 is connected via a measuring resistor 30 with battery voltage U BAT , wherein the measuring resistor 30 is in turn connected to the two inputs of a comparator 31, which thus compares the electrical current flowing through the measuring resistor 30 with a predetermined reference value.
  • the comparator 31 is connected to the base of a transistor 32, which pulls a terminal 33 to ground when turned on, so that the terminal 33 assumes a low level when the current through the measuring resistor 30 exceeds the predetermined reference value.
  • a signal 34 which is generated by a microprocessor, not shown, wherein the signal 34 during the low phase, the transistor 24 and during the high-phase transistor 25 turns on, so that the bidirectional control line 5 assumes a predetermined waveform 35 with a certain electrical potential.
  • Turning on the transistor 24 in turn means that the ignition output stage 4 in the ignition device 2 turns on, so that flows through the series circuit of the ignition coil 3, the ignition output stage 4 and the measuring resistor 6, an approximately linearly increasing current with a predetermined waveform 36.
  • the linearity of the current curve 36 follows from the fact that the inductance of the ignition coil 3 is not constant.
  • the switching of the transistor 13 then causes the bidirectional control line 5 is pulled in the ignition device 2 via the resistor 14 to ground, so that a larger current flows through the bidirectional control line 5, as can be seen from the waveform 37.
  • the greater current flow through the resistor 30 and the bidirectional control line 5 causes the comparator 31, the transistor 32 turns on, so that the terminal 33 is pulled to ground, as shown by the waveform 38 is shown.
  • the low phase of the waveform 38 is evaluated by a counter in the microprocessor, not shown. After a predetermined time, the microprocessor serving as a timer sets the terminal 22 back to logic high, so that the transistor 24 blocks and the transistor 25 turns on, wherein the electrical potential on the bidirectional control line is pulled to logic low, as on the waveform 35th is recognizable. In addition, the blocking of the transistor 24 also leads to a blocking of the ignition output stage 4, whereupon the current through the ignition coil 3 abruptly breaks, as can be seen from the waveform 36.
  • the ignition coil 3 Since the current through the ignition coil 3 due to the inductance of the ignition coil 3 can not change abruptly, the ignition coil 3 discharges through the spark plug 9, so that a spark is emitted.
  • a voltage is induced in the ignition coil 3 on the primary side, as can be seen on the signal curve 39.
  • the primary-side induction of the voltage in the ignition coil during the ignition process causes the comparator 19 turns on the transistor 20 of the controllable current source, so that the ignition device 2 drives a current via the bidirectional control line 5 in the direction of the control unit 1, as shown by the signal waveform 37th is recognizable.
  • the polarity changes of the current flowing through the bidirectional control line 5.
  • the not shown microprocessor connected to the terminal 29 can detect whether the stored in the ignition coil 3 before the actual ignition electrical energy has been sufficient to trigger a spark.
  • the microprocessor connected to the terminals 22, 29 and 33 in this case regulates the switch-on time for the ignition output stage 4 as a function of the feedback on the state of charge.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zündanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine gemäß dem Oberbegrif des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an ignition system for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei nicht-selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschinen erfolgt die Zündung des Kraftstoffgemischs in den Brennräumen der Brennkraftmaschine üblicherweise durch eine Zündkerze, über die sich eine Zündspule entlädt.In non-self-igniting internal combustion engines, the ignition of the fuel mixture in the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine usually takes place by means of a spark plug, via which an ignition coil discharges.

Wichtig ist hierbei, dass vor dem Zündvorgang eine hinreichend große Energiemenge in der Zündspule gespeichert ist, um einen Zündfunken auslösen zu können, was einen entsprechend großen elektrischen Strom durch die Zündspule voraussetzt.It is important that before the ignition process, a sufficiently large amount of energy is stored in the ignition coil to trigger a spark can, which requires a correspondingly large electric current through the ignition coil.

Andererseits sollte die in der Zündspule gespeicherte elektrische Energie auch nicht zu groß sein, da dies zu einer erhöhten thermischen Belastung von Zündspule und Zündendstufe führt und darüber hinaus den Verschleiß der Zündkerze erhöht.On the other hand, the electrical energy stored in the ignition coil should also not be too large, since this leads to an increased thermal load of the ignition coil and ignition output and, moreover, increases the wear of the spark plug.

Vor jedem Zündvorgang sollte also die in der Zündspule gespeicherte elektrische Energie innerhalb einer vorgegebenen Bandbreite liegen, um bei minimaler thermischer Belastung von Zündspule und Zündendstufe und möglichst geringem Verschleiß der Zündkerze eine sichere Auslösung eines Zündfunkens zu ermöglichen.Before each ignition so stored in the ignition coil electrical energy should be within a predetermined range to allow for minimal thermal stress on ignition coil and ignition and lowest possible wear of the spark plug safe triggering of a spark.

Es sind deshalb Zündendstufen basierend auf Darlington-Transistoren bekannt, die eine Strombegrenzung ermöglichen, wodurch die Energie in der Zündspule begrenzt wird.There are therefore known ignition stages based on Darlington transistors which allow current limiting, thereby limiting the energy in the ignition coil.

Nachteilig an derartigen strombegrenzenden Zündendstufen ist jedoch die Tatsache, dass aufgrund der Strombegrenzung in der Zündendstufe eine große Verlustleistung umgesetzt wird.However, a disadvantage of such current-limiting ignition output stages is the fact that due to the current limitation in the ignition output stage, a large power loss is implemented.

Aus DE 43 31 994 A1 ist eine Zündanlage bekannt, bei der die Zündendstufe über eine bidirektionale Steuerleitung angesteuert wird, wobei die Zündendstufe den aktuellen Wert des Zündspulenstroms über die bidirektionale Steuerleitung zurückmeldet. Ähnliche Zündanlagen sind auch aus DE 38 00 932 A1, WO92/17702, DE 27 34 164 A1 und DE 28 21 062 A1 bekannt.From DE 43 31 994 A1 discloses an ignition system is known, in which the ignition output is controlled via a bidirectional control line, the ignition output reports back the current value of the ignition coil via the bidirectional control line. Similar ignition systems are also known from DE 38 00 932 A1, WO92 / 17702, DE 27 34 164 A1 and DE 28 21 062 A1.

Schließlich ist aus EP 0 555 851 A2 eine Zündanlage bekannt, bei der die Zündendstufe die Zündspannung mißt und über eine separate Leitung zurückmeldet.Finally, EP 0 555 851 A2 discloses an ignition system in which the ignition output stage measures the ignition voltage and reports back via a separate line.

Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Zündanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine zu schaffen, die eine möglichst genaue Einstellung der Zündenergie bzw. des Zündstroms ermöglicht, ohne dass eine große Verlustleistung auftritt. Hierbei soll mit möglichst wenig Verbindungsleitungen die Möglichkeit einer Prüfung geschaffen werden, ob die Zündenergie ausgereicht hat, um einen Zündfunken auszulösen.The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide an ignition system for an internal combustion engine, which allows the most accurate adjustment of the ignition energy and the ignition current without a large power loss occurs. This should be created with the least possible connection lines the possibility of testing whether the ignition energy has been sufficient to trigger a spark.

Die Erfindung wird, ausgehend von einer bekannten Zündanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The invention is, starting from a known ignition system for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1, achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Die Erfindung umfasst die allgemeine technische Lehre, anstelle einer Strombegrenzung die Ladezeit für die Zündspule zu regeln, wobei die Regelung der Ladezeit in Abhängigkeit von dem elektrischen Strom am Ende der Ladezeit erfogt.The invention includes the general technical teaching, instead of a current limit to regulate the charging time for the ignition coil, wherein the regulation of the charging time in dependence on the electric current erfogt at the end of the charging time.

Die erfindungsgemäße Zündanlage weist deshalb einen Zeitgeber auf, der die Dauer der Ladezeit und damit den Energiegehalt der Zündspule vor dem nächsten Zündvorgang festlegt.The ignition system according to the invention therefore has a timer which determines the duration of the charging time and thus the energy content of the ignition coil before the next ignition.

Darüber hinaus weist die erfindungsgemäße Zündanlage eine Messeinheit zur Erfassung des Ladezustands des Energiespeichers auf, wobei die Messeinheit in einer Rückkopplungsschleife mit dem Zeitgeber verbunden ist, um die Ladezeit in Abhängigkeit von dem am Ende der Ladezeit sich einstellenden Ladezustand zu variieren.In addition, the ignition system according to the invention on a measuring unit for detecting the state of charge of the energy storage device, wherein the measuring unit is connected in a feedback loop with the timer to the charging time in Depending on the state of charge at the end of the charging time to adjust state of charge.

Falls der Energiegehalt der Zündspule am Ende der Ladezeit zu gering ist, um einen Zündfunken auszulösen, so wird die Ladezeit durch die Rückkopplungsschleife hochgeregelt, so dass der Energiegehalt der Zündspule beim nächsten Ladevorgang größer wird. Hierzu wird der Einschaltzeitpunkt des mit der Zündspule verbundenen Schaltelementes nach vorne verlegt, wohingegen der Abschaltzeitpunkt und damit das Ende des Ladevorgangs beibehalten wird, da dieser Zeitpunkt durch den Zündzeitpunkt entsprechend der jeweiligen Kurbelwellenstellung vorgegeben ist.If the energy content of the ignition coil at the end of the charging time is too low to trigger a spark, the charging time is up-regulated by the feedback loop, so that the energy content of the ignition coil at the next charging is greater. For this purpose, the switch-on of the switching element connected to the ignition coil is moved forward, whereas the switch-off and thus the end of the charging process is maintained, since this time is determined by the ignition timing corresponding to the respective crankshaft position.

Falls die Messeinheit dagegen erkennt, dass der Energiegehalt der Zündspule am Ende der Ladezeit größer als nötig ist, so wird die Ladezeit durch die Rückkopplungsschleife heruntergeregelt, indem der Einschaltzeitpunkt des mit dem Energiespeicher verbundenen Schaltelements nach hinten verschoben wird, wodurch sich die Ladezeit verringert. Auch hierbei wird jedoch der Abschaltzeitpunkt und damit das Ende der Ladezeit beibehalten, da dieser Zeitpunkt durch den vorgegebenen Zündzeitpunkt festgelegt ist.If, on the other hand, the measuring unit detects that the energy content of the ignition coil is greater than necessary at the end of the charging time, the charging time is reduced by the feedback loop by shifting the switch-on time of the switching element connected to the energy storage device backwards, which reduces the charging time. Again, however, the switch-off and thus the end of the charging time is maintained, since this time is determined by the predetermined ignition timing.

Vorzugsweise weist die Messeinheit zur Messung des Ladezustandes einen Messwiderstand auf, der mit dem Energiespeicher bzw. der Zündspule in Reihe geschaltet ist, so dass die über dem Messwiderstand abfallende elektrische Spannung eine Bestimmung des Energiegehaltes der Zündspule ermöglicht.Preferably, the measuring unit for measuring the state of charge has a measuring resistor, which is connected in series with the energy store or the ignition coil, so that the voltage drop across the measuring resistor makes it possible to determine the energy content of the ignition coil.

Vorzugsweise ist in der Rückkopplungsschleife zwischen der Messeinheit und dem Zeitgeber ein Schwellenwertglied angeordnet, das den gemessenen Ladezustand des Energiespeichers mit einem vorgegebenen Schwellenwert vergleicht und in Abhängigkeit von dem Vergleich ein Steuersignal für den Zeitgeber erzeugt. Bei dieser Ausführungsform wird also über die Rückkopplungsschleife nur ein digitales Signal übertragen, das angibt, ob die Ladezeit zu groß oder zu klein ist.Preferably, a threshold element is arranged in the feedback loop between the measuring unit and the timer, which compares the measured state of charge of the energy store with a predetermined threshold value and generates a control signal for the timer in dependence on the comparison. In this embodiment, therefore, via the feedback loop transmit only a digital signal indicating whether the charging time is too high or too low.

In der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung erfolgt die Datenübertragung zwischen dem Zeitgeber einerseits und der Messeinheit und dem steuerbaren Schaltelement andererseits über eine bidirektionale Steuerleitung. Die Datenübertragung von der Messeinheit zu dem Zeitgeber erfolgt hierbei vorzugsweise dadurch, dass die Messeinheit eine steuerbare Stromsenke oder eine steuerbare Stromquelle ansteuert, um auf der bidirektionalen Steuerleitung ein Stromsignal zur Rückmeldung an den Zeitgeber einzuprägen.In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the data transmission between the timer on the one hand and the measuring unit and the controllable switching element on the other hand via a bidirectional control line. The data transmission from the measuring unit to the timer in this case preferably takes place in that the measuring unit controls a controllable current sink or a controllable current source in order to impress on the bidirectional control line a current signal for the feedback to the timer.

Darüber hinaus ist eine Spannungsmesseinheit mit dem Energiespeicher verbunden, welche die Zündspannung überwacht, wobei die Spannungsmesseinheit ausgangsseitig über eine steuerbare Stromquelle oder eine steuerbare Stromsenke mit der bidirektionalen Steuerleitung verbunden ist, um auf der Steuerleitung ein Stromsignal entsprechend der gemessenen Spannung einzuprägen. Auf diese Weise kann dem Zeitgeber auch eine Information über die Dauer des Zündfunkens übermittelt werden.In addition, a voltage measuring unit is connected to the energy store, which monitors the ignition voltage, wherein the voltage measuring unit is connected on the output side via a controllable current source or a controllable current sink with the bidirectional control line to impress on the control line, a current signal corresponding to the measured voltage. In this way, the timer can also be transmitted information about the duration of the spark.

Andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet bzw. werden nachstehend zusammen mit der Beschreibung des bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der Figuren erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine erfindungsgemäße Zündanlage,
Figur 2
Impulsdiagramme zur Verdeutlichung der Datenübertragung zwischen dem Steuergerät und der Zündvorrichtung.
Other advantageous developments are characterized in the subclaims or will be explained below together with the description of the preferred embodiment with reference to FIGS. Show it:
FIG. 1
an ignition system according to the invention,
FIG. 2
Timing diagrams to illustrate the data transmission between the controller and the ignition device.

Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Zündanlage besteht aus einem Steuergerät 1 und einer Zündvorrichtung 2 mit einer integrierten Zündspule 3 und einer ebenfalls integrierten Zündendstufe 4, wobei das Steuergerät 1 über eine bidirektionale Steuerleitung 5 mit der Zündvorrichtung 2 verbunden ist.The ignition system shown in Figure 1 consists of a control unit 1 and an ignition device 2 with an integrated ignition coil 3 and a likewise integrated ignition output 4, wherein the control unit 1 is connected via a bidirectional control line 5 to the ignition device 2.

Die Steuerleitung 5 ermöglicht zum einen die Steuerung des Ladevorgangs der Zündspule 3 und erlaubt zum anderen eine Rückmeldung von der Zündvorrichtung 2 zu dem Steuergerät 1 über den Ladezustand der Zündspule 3 und die Funkenbrenndauer, wie noch detailliert beschrieben wird.On the one hand, the control line 5 enables control of the charging process of the ignition coil 3 and, on the other hand, allows feedback from the ignition device 2 to the control unit 1 on the state of charge of the ignition coil 3 and the spark duration, as will be described in detail.

Im folgenden wird zunächst der strukturelle Aufbau der Zündvorrichtung 2 und des Steuergeräts 1 beschrieben, um anschließend auf deren Funktionsweise eingehen zu können.In the following, the structural design of the ignition device 2 and the control unit 1 will first be described in order to then be able to respond to their operation.

Die Zündspule 3 ist mit der aus einem IGBT bestehenden Zündendstufe 4 und einem Messwiderstand 6 in Reihe zwischen Batteriespannung UBAT und Masse geschaltet, so dass die Zündspule 3 mit dem Messwiderstand 6 beim Durchschalten der Zündendstufe 4 ein RL-Glied bildet.The ignition coil 3 is connected to the existing of an IGBT ignition output stage 4 and a measuring resistor 6 in series between battery voltage U BAT and ground, so that the ignition coil 3 forms with the measuring resistor 6 when switching the ignition output 4 an RL member.

Das Gate der Zündendstufe 4 ist über einen Treiber 7 mit dem Steuereingang der Zündvorrichtung 2 verbunden, über den die Zündvorrichtung 2 durch die bidirektionale Steuerleitung 5 mit dem Steuergerät 1 verbunden ist. Das Steuergerät 1 kann also über die bidirektionale Steuerleitung 5 die Zündendstufe 4 durchschalten, woraufhin der elektrische Strom durch die Zündspule 3 weitgehend linear ansteigt, wie in Figur 2 dargestellt ist.The gate of the ignition output stage 4 is connected via a driver 7 to the control input of the ignition device 2, via which the ignition device 2 is connected by the bidirectional control line 5 to the control unit 1. The control unit 1 can thus switch through the ignition output stage 4 via the bidirectional control line 5, whereupon the electrical current through the ignition coil 3 increases substantially linearly, as shown in FIG.

Ausgangsseitig ist die Zündspule 3 über eine Diode 8 mit einer Zündkerze 9 verbunden, so dass sich die Zündspule 3 beim Sperren der Zündendstufe 4 über die Zündkerze 9 entladen kann, wobei ein Zündfunken erzeugt wird.On the output side, the ignition coil 3 is connected via a diode 8 to a spark plug 9, so that the ignition coil 3 can discharge when blocking the ignition output stage 4 via the spark plug 9, wherein a spark is generated.

Zwischen der Zündendstufe 4 und dem Messwiderstand 6 ist ein Abgriff zur Spannungsmessung vorgesehen, der mit einem Messeingang eines Komparators 10 verbunden ist. Der andere Eingang des Komparators ist mit einem Mittenabgriff eines Spannungsteilers verbunden, der aus zwei Widerständen 11, 12 besteht, wobei die Größe des Widerstands 12 einen Referenzstromwert für die Aufladung der Zündspule 3 definiert.Between the ignition output stage 4 and the measuring resistor 6, a tap for voltage measurement is provided, which is connected to a measuring input of a comparator 10. The other input of the comparator is with a center tap of a voltage divider connected, which consists of two resistors 11, 12, wherein the size of the resistor 12 defines a reference current value for the charging of the ignition coil 3.

Ausgangsseitig ist der Komparator 10 mit der Basis eines Transistors 13 verbunden, der den Steuereingang der Zündvorrichtung über einen Widerstand 14 mit Masse verbindet und eine steuerbare Stromsenke bildet. Beim Durchschalten des Transistors 13 wird der Steuereingang der Zündvorrichtung 2 nämlich über den Widerstand 14 auf Masse gezogen, so dass die Zündvorrichtung 2 über die bidirektionale Verbindungsleitung einen zusätzlichen Strom von dem Steuergerät zieht, was von diesem erkannt werden kann. Das Durchschalten des Transistors 13 erfolgt dann, wenn der Komparator 10 erkennt, dass der durch die Zündspule 3 fließende elektrische Strom den vorgegebenen Referenzstromwert überschreitet.On the output side, the comparator 10 is connected to the base of a transistor 13, which connects the control input of the ignition device via a resistor 14 to ground and forms a controllable current sink. When the transistor 13 is turned on, the control input of the ignition device 2 is pulled to ground via the resistor 14, so that the ignition device 2 draws an additional current from the control unit via the bidirectional connection line, which can be detected by the latter. The switching of the transistor 13 takes place when the comparator 10 detects that the electric current flowing through the ignition coil 3 exceeds the predetermined reference current value.

Darüber hinaus weist die Zündvorrichtung 2 eine weitere steuerbare Stromsenke auf, die aus einem Transistor 15 und einem mit Masse verbundenen Widerstand 16 besteht, wobei die Ansteuerung des Transistors 15 durch eine nur schematisch dargestellte Diagnoseschaltung 17 erfolgt.In addition, the ignition device 2, a further controllable current sink, which consists of a transistor 15 and a resistor 16 connected to ground, wherein the driving of the transistor 15 is effected by a diagnostic circuit 17 shown only schematically.

Schließlich ermöglicht die Zündvorrichtung 2 auch noch die Übertragung der Funkenbrenndauer. Hierzu ist der masseseitige Anschluss der Zündspule 3 über einen Widerstand 18 mit einem Eingang eines Komparators 19 verbunden, wobei der andere Eingang des Komparators 19 mit Batteriespannung UBAT verbunden ist. Der Komparator 19 vergleicht also die über der Zündspule 3 abfallende elektrische Spannung mit einem vorgegebenen Referenzspannungswert, um ermitteln zu können, ob ein Zündfunke abgegeben wird.Finally, the ignition device 2 also allows the transmission of the spark duration. For this purpose, the ground-side terminal of the ignition coil 3 is connected via a resistor 18 to an input of a comparator 19, wherein the other input of the comparator 19 is connected to battery voltage U BAT . The comparator 19 thus compares the voltage drop across the ignition coil 3 electrical voltage with a predetermined reference voltage value to determine whether a spark is emitted.

Ausgangsseitig ist der Komparator mit einer steuerbaren Stromquelle verbunden, die aus einem Transistor 20 und einem Widerstand 21 besteht, wobei der Transistor 20 den Steuereingang der Zündvorrichtung 2 beim Durchschalten über-den Widerstand 21 mit Batteriespannung UBAT verbindet, so dass die Stromquelle einen Strom über die bidirektionale Steuerleitung treibt, was zu einer Herabsetzung des von der Zündvorrichtung 2 über die bidirektionale Steuerleitung von dem Steuergerät 1 gezogenen elektrischen Stroms führt, wie in Figur 2 dargestellt ist.On the output side of the comparator is connected to a controllable current source, which consists of a transistor 20 and a resistor 21, wherein the transistor 20, the control input of the ignition device 2 when switching through the resistor 21 connects with battery voltage U BAT , so that the current source drives a current through the bidirectional control line, resulting in a reduction of the electrical current drawn by the ignition device 2 via the bidirectional control line from the control unit 1, as shown in Figure 2.

Im folgenden wird nun der strukturelle Aufbau des Steuergeräts 1 beschrieben.The structural design of the control unit 1 will now be described.

Zur Einleitung des Ladevorgangs für die Zündspule 3 weist das Steuergerät einen Anschluss 22 auf, der beispielsweise von einem nicht dargestellten Mikroprozessor angesteuert werden kann, wobei der Mikroprozessor als Zeitgeber dient und die Ladezeit für die Zündspule 3 festlegt. Der Anschluss 22 ist low-aktiv und über einen Treiber 23 mit der Basis von zwei Transistoren 24, 25 verbunden, wobei der Treiber 23 der Pegelanpassung zwischen der bidirektionalen Steuerleitung 5 und dem Anschluss 22 zur Verbindung mit einem Mikroprozessor dient. Bei einem logischen Low-Pegel an dem Anschluss 22 schaltet also der Transistor 24 durch, wohingegen der Transistor 25 bei einem logisch High-Pegel durchschaltet.To initiate the charging process for the ignition coil 3, the control unit has a connection 22, which can be controlled, for example, by a microprocessor, not shown, wherein the microprocessor serves as a timer and determines the charging time for the ignition coil 3. The terminal 22 is low-active and connected via a driver 23 to the base of two transistors 24, 25, wherein the driver 23 of the level adjustment between the bidirectional control line 5 and the terminal 22 is for connection to a microprocessor. With a logic low level at the terminal 22, therefore, the transistor 24 turns on, whereas the transistor 25 turns on at a logic high level.

Der Transistor 25 ist hierbei masseseitig über einen Messwiderstand 26 mit Masse verbunden und dient im Rahmen der Zünddiagnose zur Bestimmung der von der Zündvorrichtung 2 über die bidirektionale Steuerleitung 5 übertragenen Funkenbrenndauer. Hierzu ist der Messwiderstand 26 mit den beiden Eingängen eines Komparators 27 verbunden, der somit den durch den Messwiderstand 26 fließenden Strom mit einem vorgegebenen Referenzwert vergleicht.The transistor 25 is in this case ground side connected via a measuring resistor 26 to ground and is used in the ignition diagnosis to determine the transmitted from the ignition device 2 via the bidirectional control line 5 spark duration. For this purpose, the measuring resistor 26 is connected to the two inputs of a comparator 27, which thus compares the current flowing through the measuring resistor 26 with a predetermined reference value.

Ausgangsseitig ist der Komparator 27 mit der Basis eines Transistors 28 verbunden, der beim Durchschalten einen Anschluss 28 auf Masse zieht. Das digitale Signal an dem Anschluss 29 gibt also den Strom durch den Messwiderstand wieder und ist während der Funkenbrenndauer auf Low.On the output side, the comparator 27 is connected to the base of a transistor 28, which pulls a terminal 28 to ground when turned on. The digital signal at the terminal 29 thus reflects the current through the measuring resistor and is low during the spark-burning time.

Der Transistor 24 ist über einen Messwiderstand 30 mit Batteriespannung UBAT verbunden, wobei der Messwiderstand 30 wiederum mit den beiden Eingängen eines Komparators 31 verbunden ist, der somit den durch den Messwiderstand 30 fließenden elektrischen Strom mit einem vorgegebenen Referenzwert vergleicht.The transistor 24 is connected via a measuring resistor 30 with battery voltage U BAT , wherein the measuring resistor 30 is in turn connected to the two inputs of a comparator 31, which thus compares the electrical current flowing through the measuring resistor 30 with a predetermined reference value.

Ausgangsseitig ist der Komparator 31 mit der Basis eines Transistors 32 verbunden, der beim Durchschalten einen Anschluss 33 auf Masse zieht, so dass der Anschluss 33 einen Low-Pegel annimmt, wenn der Strom durch den Messwiderstand 30 den vorgegebenen Referenzwert übersteigt.On the output side, the comparator 31 is connected to the base of a transistor 32, which pulls a terminal 33 to ground when turned on, so that the terminal 33 assumes a low level when the current through the measuring resistor 30 exceeds the predetermined reference value.

Im folgenden wird nun unter Bezugnahme auf die in Figur 2 dargestellten Signalverläufe die Funktionsweise der vorstehend beschriebenen Anordnung erläutert.The operation of the arrangement described above will now be explained with reference to the waveforms shown in Figure 2.

An dem Anschluss 22 des Steuergeräts 1 liegt ein Signal 34 an, das von einem nicht dargestellten Mikroprozessor erzeugt wird, wobei das Signal 34 während der Low-Phase den Transistor 24 und während der High-Phase den Transistor 25 durchschaltet, so dass die bidirektionale Steuerleitung 5 einen vorgegebenen Signalverlauf 35 mit einem bestimmten elektrischen Potential annimmt.At the terminal 22 of the controller 1 is a signal 34, which is generated by a microprocessor, not shown, wherein the signal 34 during the low phase, the transistor 24 and during the high-phase transistor 25 turns on, so that the bidirectional control line 5 assumes a predetermined waveform 35 with a certain electrical potential.

Das Durchschalten des Transistors 24 führt wiederum dazu, dass auch die Zündendstufe 4 in der Zündvorrichtung 2 durchschaltet, so dass durch die Reihenschaltung aus der Zündspule 3, der Zündendstufe 4 und dem Messwiderstand 6 ein annähernd linear zunehmender Strom mit einem vorgegebenen Signalverlauf 36 fließt. Die Linearität des Stromverlaufs 36 folgt aus der Tatsache, dass die Induktivität der Zündspule 3 nicht konstant ist.Turning on the transistor 24 in turn means that the ignition output stage 4 in the ignition device 2 turns on, so that flows through the series circuit of the ignition coil 3, the ignition output stage 4 and the measuring resistor 6, an approximately linearly increasing current with a predetermined waveform 36. The linearity of the current curve 36 follows from the fact that the inductance of the ignition coil 3 is not constant.

Die Zunahme des elektrischen Stroms durch die Zündspule 3 und den Messwiderstand 6 führt zu einer zunehmenden Spannungsdifferenz an den Eingängen des Komparators, so dass der Komparator 10 den Transistor 13 durchschaltet, wenn der Strom durch die Zündspule 3 einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert Ith erreicht. Das Durchschalten des Transistors 13 führt dann dazu, dass die bidirektionale Steuerleitung 5 in der Zündvorrichtung 2 über den Widerstand 14 auf Masse gezogen wird, so dass ein größerer Strom über die bidirektionale Steuerleitung 5 fließt, wie aus dem Signalverlauf 37 ersichtlich ist. Der größere Stromfluss über den Widerstand 30 und die bidirektionale Steuerleitung 5 führt dazu, dass der Komparator 31 den Transistor 32 durchschaltet, so dass der Anschluss 33 auf Masse gezogen wird, wie anhand des Signalverlaufs 38 dargestellt ist.The increase in the electrical current through the ignition coil 3 and the measuring resistor 6 leads to an increasing voltage difference at the inputs of the comparator, so that the comparator 10 turns on the transistor 13 when the current through the ignition coil 3 reaches a predetermined threshold I th . The switching of the transistor 13 then causes the bidirectional control line 5 is pulled in the ignition device 2 via the resistor 14 to ground, so that a larger current flows through the bidirectional control line 5, as can be seen from the waveform 37. The greater current flow through the resistor 30 and the bidirectional control line 5 causes the comparator 31, the transistor 32 turns on, so that the terminal 33 is pulled to ground, as shown by the waveform 38 is shown.

Die Low-Phase des Signalverlaufs 38 wird von einem Zähler in dem nicht dargestellten Mikroprozessor ausgewertet. Nach Ablauf einer vorgegebenen Zeit setzt der als Zeitgeber dienende Mikroprozessor den Anschluss 22 wieder auf logisch High, so dass der Transistor 24 sperrt und der Transistor 25 durchschaltet, wobei das elektrische Potential auf der bidirektionalen Steuerleitung auf logisch Low gezogen wird, wie an dem Signalverlauf 35 erkennbar ist. Darüber hinaus führt das Sperren des Transistors 24 auch zu einem Sperren der Zündendstufe 4, woraufhin der Strom durch die Zündspule 3 schlagartig einbricht, wie aus dem Signalverlauf 36 entnehmbar ist.The low phase of the waveform 38 is evaluated by a counter in the microprocessor, not shown. After a predetermined time, the microprocessor serving as a timer sets the terminal 22 back to logic high, so that the transistor 24 blocks and the transistor 25 turns on, wherein the electrical potential on the bidirectional control line is pulled to logic low, as on the waveform 35th is recognizable. In addition, the blocking of the transistor 24 also leads to a blocking of the ignition output stage 4, whereupon the current through the ignition coil 3 abruptly breaks, as can be seen from the waveform 36.

Da sich der Strom durch die Zündspule 3 aufgrund der Induktivität der Zündspule 3 nicht schlagartig ändern kann entlädt sich die Zündspule 3 über die Zündkerze 9, so dass ein Zündfunken abgegeben wird. Hierbei wird in der Zündspule 3 primärseitig eine Spannung induziert, wie an dem Signalverlauf 39 erkennbar ist. Die primärseitige Induktion der Spannung in der Zündspule während des Zündvorgangs führt dazu, dass der Komparator 19 den Transistor 20 der steuerbaren Stromquelle durchschaltet, so dass die Zündvorrichtung 2 einen Strom über die bidirektionale Steuerleitung 5 in Richtung des Steuergeräts 1 treibt, wie anhand des Signalverlaufs 37 erkennbar ist. Während des Zündvorgangs ändert sich also die Polarität des über die bidirektionale Steuerleitung 5 fließenden Stroms. Der auf diese Weise von der Zündvorrichtung getriebene Strom fließt über den Transistor 25 und den Messwiderstand 26 gegen Masse, so dass der Komparator 27 den Transistor 28 durchschaltet, woraufhin der Anschluss 29 auf Masse gezogen wird, wie an dem Signalverlauf 40 erkennbar ist. Der Low-Pegel an dem Anschluss 29 signalisiert also die Dauer des Zündfunkens. Auf diese Weise kann der an dem Anschluss 29 angeschlossene nicht dargestellte Mikroprozessor erkennen, ob die in der Zündspule 3 vor dem eigentlichen Zündvorgang gespeicherte elektrische Energie ausgereicht hat, um einen Zündfunken auszulösen.Since the current through the ignition coil 3 due to the inductance of the ignition coil 3 can not change abruptly, the ignition coil 3 discharges through the spark plug 9, so that a spark is emitted. Here, a voltage is induced in the ignition coil 3 on the primary side, as can be seen on the signal curve 39. The primary-side induction of the voltage in the ignition coil during the ignition process causes the comparator 19 turns on the transistor 20 of the controllable current source, so that the ignition device 2 drives a current via the bidirectional control line 5 in the direction of the control unit 1, as shown by the signal waveform 37th is recognizable. During the ignition process, the polarity changes of the current flowing through the bidirectional control line 5. The thus driven by the igniter current flows through the transistor 25 and the measuring resistor 26 to ground, so that the comparator 27 turns on the transistor 28, after which the terminal 29 is pulled to ground, as can be seen on the waveform 40. The low level at the terminal 29 thus signals the duration of the spark. In this way, the not shown microprocessor connected to the terminal 29 can detect whether the stored in the ignition coil 3 before the actual ignition electrical energy has been sufficient to trigger a spark.

Der an den Anschlüssen 22, 29 und 33 angeschlossene Mikroprozessor regelt hierbei den Einschaltzeitpunkt für die Zündendstufe 4 in Abhängigkeit von der Rückmeldung über den Ladezustand.The microprocessor connected to the terminals 22, 29 and 33 in this case regulates the switch-on time for the ignition output stage 4 as a function of the feedback on the state of charge.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das vorstehend beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. Vielmehr ist eine Vielzahl von Varianten und Abwandlungen denkbar, die ebenfalls von dem Erfindungsgedanken Gebrauch machen und in den Schutzbereich fallen.The invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. Rather, a variety of variants and modifications are conceivable, which also make use of the inventive idea and fall within the scope.

Claims (6)

  1. Ignition system (1, 2) for an internal combustion engine, provided with an output for electrical activation of an ignition element (9) for a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine,
    an electrical energy accumulator (3) connected to the output for accumulating the electrical energy required for activating the ignition element (9),
    a controllable control element (4) connected to the energy accumulator (3) for charging the energy accumulator (3) during a predefined charge time,
    a measuring unit (6, 10-12) for detecting the charge state of the energy accumulator (3),
    whereby, to set the charge time for the energy accumulator (3), a timer (22, 29, 33) is provided, said timer being connected to the control element (4) on the output side, whereas the measuring unit (6, 10-12) is connected to said timer (22, 29, 33) in a feedback loop so that the timer (22, 29, 33) regulates the charge time according to the measured charge state of the energy accumulator (3) and
    whereby the measuring unit (6, 10-12) and the control element (4) on the one hand, and the timer (22, 29, 33) on the other hand, are interconnected via a bidirectional control line (5),
    characterized in that
    the energy accumulator (3) is connected to a voltmeter (18, 19) that monitors the ignition voltage, in which case the voltmeter (18, 19) is connected to the control line on the output side via a controllable current source (20, 21) or a controllable current sink to superimpose a current signal (37) on the control line according to the measured voltage.
  2. Ignition system (1, 2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring unit (6, 10-12) has a precision resistor (6) that is connected in series to the energy accumulator.
  3. Ignition system (1, 2) according to claim 2, characterized in that a threshold element (10) is arranged in the feedback loop between the measuring unit (6, 10-12) and the timer (22, 29, 33) that compares the measured charge state of the energy accumulator (3) with a predefined threshold value and generates a control signal for the timer (22, 29, 33) according to the comparison.
  4. Ignition system (1, 2) according to at least one of the previous claims, characterized in that the measuring unit (6, 10-12) is connected to the control line via a controllable current sink (13, 14) and/or a controllable current source (20, 21) to superimpose a current signal (37) on the control line for feedback to the timer.
  5. Ignition system (1, 2) according to at least one of the previous claims, characterized in that the voltmeter (18, 19) has a comparator (19) with two inlets between which the energy accumulator (3) is connected, in which case the comparator (19) activates the controllable current source (20, 21) or the controllable current sink when exceeding a predefined reference voltage value.
  6. Ignition system (1, 2) according to claim 5, characterized in that the energy accumulator (3) is connected to the comparator via a protective resistor (18).
EP02745098A 2001-06-06 2002-05-28 Ignition system for an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP1392971B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10127362 2001-06-06
DE10127362A DE10127362C2 (en) 2001-06-06 2001-06-06 Ignition system for an internal combustion engine
PCT/DE2002/001959 WO2002099273A1 (en) 2001-06-06 2002-05-28 Ignition system for an internal combustion engine

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EP1392971A1 EP1392971A1 (en) 2004-03-03
EP1392971B1 true EP1392971B1 (en) 2006-11-22

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EP (1) EP1392971B1 (en)
KR (1) KR100853053B1 (en)
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MXPA03011172A (en) 2004-02-26
KR100853053B1 (en) 2008-08-19
EP1392971A1 (en) 2004-03-03
US20040123853A1 (en) 2004-07-01
DE10127362C2 (en) 2003-05-15
DE10127362A1 (en) 2003-01-02
DE50208789D1 (en) 2007-01-04
KR20040008213A (en) 2004-01-28
WO2002099273A1 (en) 2002-12-12

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