EP1385784A1 - Method for the generation of energy - Google Patents
Method for the generation of energyInfo
- Publication number
- EP1385784A1 EP1385784A1 EP02742688A EP02742688A EP1385784A1 EP 1385784 A1 EP1385784 A1 EP 1385784A1 EP 02742688 A EP02742688 A EP 02742688A EP 02742688 A EP02742688 A EP 02742688A EP 1385784 A1 EP1385784 A1 EP 1385784A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sif
- silicates
- energy
- converted
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/065—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents from a hydride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/08—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents with metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for generating energy.
- Si silicon
- Si0 2 silicon dioxide
- the present invention is based on the object of specifying a method for generating energy in which the large silicon deposits present on earth are used and silicon is used as an energy carrier.
- the silicon obtained in a first step is then converted to silicon dioxide with water, releasing energy and generating hydrogen.
- the energy obtained can, for example, be used directly as drive energy (operating a turbine, etc.) or can be stored, for example, as thermal energy.
- the silicon is converted in a turbine chamber, so that thermal energy is converted directly into kinetic energy here. Conventional reaction chambers with removal of the thermal energy can also be used.
- the Si0 2 produced in the process according to the invention which is obtained in a high degree of purity, can be used for corresponding purposes (fillers, adsorbents, pouring aids, etc.) or can be recycled in order to recover silicon therefrom.
- silicon has approximately the same energy content and approximately the same energy density (determined from the heat of formation of the oxides).
- silicon has the great advantage as an energy source that no environmentally harmful substances (CO, CO, hydrocarbons) are formed when it is implemented.
- the Si is preferably obtained from sand, in particular desert sand. It has been shown that no high-purity SiO 2 is required for the process according to the invention, but that sand, in particular desert sand, can be used which, as analyzes have shown, has about one
- Si0 2 content of 80-85% Si0 2 content of 80-85%.
- Sand, in particular desert sand, is available on a large scale and can therefore be used directly for the process according to the invention for energy generation without prior treatment.
- the first step of the method according to the invention namely the extraction of Si from SiO 2 , is carried out essentially in the following way:
- SiO 2 and / or silicates, including fluorosilicates are preferably reacted directly or indirectly with hydrofluoric acid to give SiF 4 , as listed under point 1.
- Si0 2 sources can be used, whereby the contaminants do not interfere, since "self-cleaning" takes place through the SiF 4 condensation.
- Si can preferably be converted to Si thermolytically, catalytically or by metal reduction. Thermolysis is carried out between approximately 1500 and 2000 ° C. Transition metal catalysts are preferably used in the catalytic procedure, preferably manganese and nickel complexes of oxidation state IV.
- the main step of the method according to the invention namely the conversion of the Si with water to Si0 2 is preferably carried out so that process water is sprayed onto finely divided Si powder in a reaction chamber (turbine chamber etc.).
- Sea water which is available on a large scale is preferably used as process water.
- the released hydrogen can be burned into water for further energy generation or can be used as an efficient hydrogen carrier by reaction to ammonia.
- the process is therefore distinguished by the further advantage that water or fertilizer can be obtained in this way, which is a particularly great further advantage for desert countries.
- SiF 4 silicon tetrafluoride
- a mixture of fluorosilicates or SiF 4 with Na or potassium is heated to a temperature of 50-500 ° C. in a 0 2 -free atmosphere or in vacuo.
- sodium preferably between 250 and 650 ° C
- potassium between room temperature and 100 ° C.
- Si is also obtained in this way.
- Another possibility for the production of SiF 4 consists of the reaction of CaF 2 , Si0 and H 2 S0 4 .
- Energy sources used the implementation of which can be carried out in an environmentally friendly manner using resources that are available on a large scale.
- an energy of 911 kJoules / mol is generated, including the hydrogen combustion.
- the water used for the reaction can be external water, for example sea water, or process water (water obtained from original reactions for producing SiF 4 ).
- the hydrogen generated in the process according to the invention can also be converted to HF with released fluorine, which can be used in the circuit. It can also be used conventionally with nitrogen to produce ammonia.
- the attached figure shows schematically the individual energy levels in the method according to the invention.
- alkali metals and alkaline earth metals and their hydrides for example Ca, CaH 2 , K, Na, NaH, but also Mg, Al. Na, K, Ca, CaH 2 is particularly preferably used, where in the case of a reaction with CaH 2 :
- CaF 2 can be converted electrolytically into calcium and fluorine, but can also be converted into HF + CaS0 4 with H 2 S0 4 . Then Ca can be used again for SiF 4 reduction or HF for SiF 4 production from Si0 2 .
- the reduction preferably takes place at a higher temperature (600-1000 ° C).
- CaH 2 is preferably used:
- the monosilane (SiH 4 ) obtained is preferably pyrolyzed at temperatures between 700 and 1,000 ° C:
- SiF 4 When SiF 4 is converted into difluorosilane (H 2 SiF 2 ), it decomposes in a temperature range of 200-500 ° C, with precious metal catalysis (Pt, Pd) at room temperature, in Si, SiF 4 and H 2 .
- Pt, Pd precious metal catalysis
- H 2 SiF 2 is represented in the following way:
- Trifluorosilane can also be produced from F 2 Si using hydrofluoric acid
- Trifluorosilane can then be pyrolytically converted to Si + 3HF with hydrogen at 1,000-1,400 ° C.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10121477 | 2001-05-03 | ||
DE10121477 | 2001-05-03 | ||
DE10131505 | 2001-07-02 | ||
DE10131505 | 2001-07-02 | ||
DE10201773A DE10201773A1 (en) | 2001-05-03 | 2002-01-18 | Process for energy generation |
DE10201773 | 2002-01-18 | ||
PCT/DE2002/001531 WO2002090257A1 (en) | 2001-05-03 | 2002-04-26 | Method for the generation of energy |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1385784A1 true EP1385784A1 (en) | 2004-02-04 |
Family
ID=27214416
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02742688A Withdrawn EP1385784A1 (en) | 2001-05-03 | 2002-04-26 | Method for the generation of energy |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040151664A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1385784A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10291940D2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002090257A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10258072A1 (en) * | 2002-12-11 | 2004-07-01 | Wacker-Chemie Gmbh | Process for the production of hydrogen |
DE102006020786B4 (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2009-06-25 | Rev Renewable Energy Ventures, Inc. | Process for the production of hydrogen |
DE102006034885A1 (en) * | 2006-07-25 | 2008-08-07 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Hydrogen and energy production by thermal conversion of silanes |
US8192522B2 (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2012-06-05 | Et-Energy Corp. | Chemical process for generating energy |
CA2747099A1 (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2010-06-24 | Silicon Fire Ag | Silicon or elementary metals as energy carriers |
EP2367753A1 (en) | 2008-12-18 | 2011-09-28 | Silicon Fire AG | Method and plant for providing an energy carrier using carbon dioxide as a carbon supplier and using electricity |
CA2747083A1 (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2010-06-24 | Silicon Fire Ag | Method for providing an energy carrier |
GB0919830D0 (en) | 2009-11-12 | 2009-12-30 | Isis Innovation | Preparation of silicon for fast generation of hydrogen through reaction with water |
US8921628B2 (en) | 2011-03-10 | 2014-12-30 | Kior, Inc. | Refractory mixed-metal oxides and spinel compositions for thermo-catalytic conversion of biomass |
US9518229B2 (en) | 2012-07-20 | 2016-12-13 | Inaeris Technologies, Llc | Catalysts for thermo-catalytic conversion of biomass, and methods of making and using |
GB201217525D0 (en) | 2012-10-01 | 2012-11-14 | Isis Innovation | Composition for hydrogen generation |
US9522392B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-12-20 | Inaeris Technologies, Llc | Phosphorous promotion of zeolite-containing catalysts |
CN115397773A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2022-11-25 | 博斯凯矽剂科技株式会社 | Composite material |
US11383975B2 (en) | 2020-05-25 | 2022-07-12 | Silican Inc. | Composite for generating hydrogen |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE759122A (en) * | 1969-11-19 | 1971-05-18 | Union Carbide Corp | PROCESS AND CHARGE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SILICON IN AN ELECTRIC ARC OVEN BY CARBOTHERMAL REDUCTION OF SILICA |
US3975913A (en) * | 1973-12-20 | 1976-08-24 | Erickson Donald C | Gas generator and enhanced energy conversion systems |
US4781565A (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1988-11-01 | Sri International | Apparatus for obtaining silicon from fluosilicic acid |
FI72952C (en) * | 1985-03-11 | 1987-08-10 | Kemira Oy | FOERFARANDE FOER FRAMSTAELLNING AV KISEL. |
US4676968A (en) * | 1985-07-24 | 1987-06-30 | Enichem, S.P.A. | Melt consolidation of silicon powder |
JPS62128915A (en) * | 1985-11-26 | 1987-06-11 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | Production of monosilane |
US5012719A (en) * | 1987-06-12 | 1991-05-07 | Gt-Devices | Method of and apparatus for generating hydrogen and projectile accelerating apparatus and method incorporating same |
DE3841210A1 (en) * | 1988-12-07 | 1990-06-28 | Siemens Ag | Process for preparing silicon tetrafluoride |
JPH0459601A (en) * | 1990-06-26 | 1992-02-26 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Production of hydrogen |
RU2035397C1 (en) * | 1990-12-13 | 1995-05-20 | Терешин Виктор Дмитриевич | Method of producing semiconductive silicon |
US6582676B2 (en) * | 2000-08-14 | 2003-06-24 | The University Of British Columbia | Hydrogen generation from water split reaction |
-
2002
- 2002-04-26 US US10/476,910 patent/US20040151664A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-04-26 WO PCT/DE2002/001531 patent/WO2002090257A1/en active Application Filing
- 2002-04-26 EP EP02742688A patent/EP1385784A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-04-26 DE DE10291940T patent/DE10291940D2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO02090257A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10291940D2 (en) | 2004-11-11 |
WO2002090257A1 (en) | 2002-11-14 |
US20040151664A1 (en) | 2004-08-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1385784A1 (en) | Method for the generation of energy | |
EP1857168A2 (en) | Oil-bearing sands and shales, their mixtures as raw materials for fixing or dissociating carbon dioxide and NOx, and for producing cristalline silicium, hydrogen, silicon nitride, silicium carbide and silanes | |
DE10201773A1 (en) | Process for energy generation | |
EP2043949B1 (en) | Hydrogen and energy generation by thermal conversion of silanes | |
EP1597195A2 (en) | Method for producing hydrogen | |
EP3526315B1 (en) | Method for producing methane | |
EP2403800B1 (en) | Method for producing ammonia | |
DE102010045260A1 (en) | Process for the preparation of fluorinated polysilanes | |
EP1918248A2 (en) | Provision of H2O2 from sulphuric acid which is produced from the sulphur residue during combustion of fossil fuels, and utilisation of H2O2 as an energy carrier | |
WO2002026625A2 (en) | Novel concept for generating power via an inorganic nitrogen cycle, based on sand as the starting material and producing higher silanes | |
EP2226290A2 (en) | Method for preparing and using a fuel, in particular for vehicles | |
WO2007141017A2 (en) | Process for producing crystalline silicon and gaseous hydrogen | |
DE10121475A1 (en) | Process for energy generation | |
DE10039753A1 (en) | Production of ammonia for use in e.g. synthetic fertilizers, comprises forming silicon nitride from silicon (compound) and nitrogen, in the presence of a transition metal (oxide) catalyst, and reacting it with a strong base | |
WO2014177560A1 (en) | Method for producing silicon tetrafluoride | |
WO2003059814A1 (en) | Method for producing silicon | |
DE102010044755A1 (en) | Process for producing high purity silicon | |
DE102010009502A1 (en) | Process for the production of urea | |
DE301682C (en) | ||
DE102016206376A1 (en) | Circular process for the energy-efficient production of ammonia | |
DE102021004440A1 (en) | Process for the production of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen | |
DE2365120C3 (en) | Process for producing hydrogen by splitting water | |
EP1284946A1 (en) | Method for powering a drive | |
DE102007058654A1 (en) | Cyclic production of silicon or silicon compounds and hydrogen, by pyrolyzing impure oil-containing sand or shale and forming silicon tetrafluoride for conversion into silicon by thermite process | |
DE10217125A1 (en) | Process for the production of silicon |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20031125 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO SI |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: DOW CORNING CORPORATION Owner name: WACKER CHEMIE AG |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: POWER AVENUE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20070508 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20091101 |