EP1385242A1 - Spark plug - Google Patents

Spark plug Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1385242A1
EP1385242A1 EP03014237A EP03014237A EP1385242A1 EP 1385242 A1 EP1385242 A1 EP 1385242A1 EP 03014237 A EP03014237 A EP 03014237A EP 03014237 A EP03014237 A EP 03014237A EP 1385242 A1 EP1385242 A1 EP 1385242A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
center electrode
insulator body
spark plug
sealing ring
plug according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03014237A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1385242B1 (en
Inventor
Christoph Egger
Christian Francesconi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Innio Jenbacher GmbH and Co OG
Original Assignee
Jenbacher AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jenbacher AG filed Critical Jenbacher AG
Priority to AT03014237T priority Critical patent/ATE288632T1/en
Publication of EP1385242A1 publication Critical patent/EP1385242A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1385242B1 publication Critical patent/EP1385242B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/34—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the mounting of electrodes in insulation, e.g. by embedding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
    • H01T21/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spark plug with a, in particular ceramic, insulator body and a center electrode, which at least partially in a bore is mounted in the isotactor body, wherein the center electrode - preferably exclusively - by at least one encompassing sealing ring relative to the Insulator body is sealed.
  • Spark plugs have different configurations in the prior art Middle and base electrode on.
  • the center electrode is usually in one Drilled in an insulator and protrudes beyond this combustion chamber side.
  • the for the longevity and pressure resistance of the spark plug u.a. also crucial Seal between center electrode and insulator body is usually through Introduction of glass-like or other sealing compounds between the center electrode and Insulator body realized. It is important that the sealant is a gas-tight Makes connection.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a spark plug available in which the desired compressive strength is given.
  • the seal according to the invention initially has the advantage that the production of the Spark plug according to the invention over the prior art significantly simplified becomes.
  • plastically deformable sealing ring (e) but also a very durable and high pressure resistant seal between center electrode and insulator body achieved.
  • further sealing means for sealing the Center electrode are dispensed with respect to the insulator body, wherein the sealing ring or the sealing rings alone for a sufficient and high pressure resistant seal produce.
  • the sealing rings to be used for this purpose can fundamentally be made of different types Be made of material.
  • the sealing ring has at least one metal or a Alloy of metals.
  • a particularly durable and high pressure resistant Sealing is achieved when the sealing ring soft iron and / or copper and / or Nickel and / or stainless steel and / or aluminum materials and / or alloys thereof Has materials.
  • the or the Sealing rings can be at different locations inside and outside of the Be arranged insulator body.
  • a first variant provides that a sealing ring on Insulator body at the in the installed position of the spark plug to a combustion chamber of a Internal combustion engine facing end abuts, again a particular high-pressure-tight seal is achieved when a sealing ring in a part of this comprehensive depression of the insulator body rests against this.
  • center electrode carrier can be provided that a mounting ring on the to a combustion chamber of a Internal combustion engine facing end of the center electrode plugged and / or is pressed and / or welded and / or the like, in turn, a Arranged sealing ring between the mounting ring and the insulator body, is preferably clamped. Should not have a center electrode support and no Fixing ring may be provided, so the center electrode can at its in Installation position of the spark plug pointing to the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine Alternatively, an area enlarged outside the insulator body Have diameter, in which case a sealing ring between the area with arranged enlarged diameter and the insulator body or preferably can be trapped.
  • a sealing ring on the combustion chamber end of the Insulator body is arranged, instead of or in addition to it be provided that at least one sealing ring is located within the insulator body.
  • a favorable variant provides in turn that a sealing ring within the Insulator body between a shoulder of the center electrode embracing the Insulator body and a region of increased diameter of the center electrode arranged, preferably clamped.
  • a center electrode carrier and / or at least one Have fastening ring On the in the installed position of the spark plug to the combustion chamber Internal combustion engine facing end of the center electrode plugged and / or pressed and / or welded, wherein the sealing ring between the center electrode carrier and / or the fastening ring on the one hand and the insulator body on the other hand seals, and plastically deformed.
  • the insulator body 1 is from the spark plug housing. 3 includes and is against this by means of the gaskets 11 gas-tight and pressure-resistant sealed.
  • the spark plug housing 3 has a thread 4 for screwing the Spark plug in the cylinder head.
  • a spark plug connector 12 is provided at the rear end of the Center electrode 2.
  • a ground electrode carrier 5 electrically conductive placed on the spark plug housing 3 and a center electrode carrier. 7 electrically connected to the center electrode 2.
  • the connection between the Center electrode 2 and the center electrode carrier 7 takes place as in the prior art Conveniently known by placing the center electrode carrier 7 on the Center electrode 2 and then pressing and welding the two Components. The sparks occur during operation of the spark plug between the Electrodes 8 of the center electrode carrier 7 and the ground electrodes 6, which are electrically connected to the ground electrode carrier 5 are placed.
  • the center electrode 2 against the Insulator body 1 is preferably sealed only by means of the sealing rings 10.
  • a sealing ring 10 is located in the recess 9 of the insulator body 1 and is between the center electrode support 7 and the insulator body 1 is clamped.
  • One second sealing ring is between a shoulder 15 within the lsolator stresses 1 and a region 14 of the center electrode 2 of enlarged diameter clamped.
  • Arrangement of the sealing rings 10 according to the invention may be that in the prior art known use of various e.g. glassy sealants for Seal between the center electrode and insulator body 1 preferably completely omitted.
  • FIG. 2 shows a spark plug, in which no Separate center electrode carrier 7 is used.
  • This example will open the center electrode 2 attached a fastening ring 13 and / or pressed and / or welded. Between this attachment ring 13 and the Isalator emotions 1, in turn, the seal 10 is arranged or clamped in the recess 9 become.
  • a particularly favorable method for producing a spark plug according to FIG. 1 or Fig. 2 provides that initially the center electrode 2 with the addition of a seal 10 in the insulator body 1 is inserted. Finally, on the center electrode 2 their combustion chamber side facing a second sealing ring 10 is pushed, so that it comes to rest in the recess 9 of the insulator body 1.
  • Electrodes 8 preferably noble metal electrodes
  • the fixing ring 13 in FIG Direction of the sealing ring 10 by a not shown here Pressing pressed.
  • This Anpressvorganges is the Center electrode 2 supported on the side facing away from the combustion chamber side. By This Anpressvorgang it comes to a plastic deformation of the two Sealing rings 10.
  • the center electrode carrier 7 and / or the fastening ring 13 with the center electrode 2 e.g. by means of laser (continuous or pulsed laser), TIG, plasma, resistive or Electron beam welding welded.
  • laser continuous or pulsed laser
  • TIG plasma
  • resistive or Electron beam welding welded.
  • a Seal produced and fixed to the second of the center electrode support 7 and supported, so that this arrangement is resistant to high pressure and it to none Pushing out the center electrode 2 can come by the pressure in the combustion chamber.
  • Particularly favorable is the use of the laser welding process, since here the Components are welded in the prestressed press state, and the Heat input is limited to a very small, local area.
  • the spark plug is now the composite made of insulator body 1, center electrode 2 and center electrode support 7 with the seals 11 in the spark plug housing 3 installed.
  • the spark plug housing 3 can in this case be constructed of two parts, after insertion of the insulator body in the area 16 be pressed together and welded together. Then it is still in itself known manner, the ground electrode carrier 5 welded to the housing 3, wherein in advance, the ground electrodes 6 (preferably also made of precious metal) on Ground electrode carrier 5 are welded.
  • the use of a Fixing ring 13 instead of or in addition to a central electrode support 7 has the advantage that the mounting ring 13 is less easily damaged during pressing becomes.
  • the Center electrode 2 is first pressed with a mounting ring 13 and only then the comparatively sensitive center electrode carrier 7 in addition to is fixed to the combustion chamber facing end of the center electrode 2.
  • the center electrode 2 against the insulator body. 1 seal under the inventive use of the sealing rings 10, so that the Invention is not limited to the embodiments shown.
  • the Center electrode and the combustion chamber-side end in the insulator body. 1 inserted and od by appropriate rings. Like. Am from the combustion chamber remote end of the insulator body 1 are attached. In this case it is under Another favorable, if at the location of the center electrode 2, at the in the shown Embodiments of the sealing ring 13 or the central electrode support 7 sit, the Center electrode itself has a larger diameter, so in turn a Sealing ring 10 can be clamped.
  • the above-described method for Production of spark plugs in this case by a person skilled in the sense of the invention be adjusted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The ignition plug has an insulator body (1) and a central electrode (2) at least partly mounted in a bore in the insulator body, whereby the central electrode is sealed relative to the insulator by at least one sealing ring (10) enclosing it. The sealing ring has a material that is plastically deformable when compressed. The sealing ring has a metal or an alloy of a metal. AN Independent claim is also included for the following: (a) a method of manufacturing an inventive ignition plug.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Zündkerze mit einem, insbesondere keramischen, Isolatorkörper und einer Mittelelektrode, welche zumindest teilweise in einer Bohrung im Isotatorkörper gelagert ist, wobei die Mittelelektrode - vorzugsweise ausschließlich - durch mindestens einen sie umgreifenden Dichtring gegenüber dem Isolatorkörper abgedichtet ist.The present invention relates to a spark plug with a, in particular ceramic, insulator body and a center electrode, which at least partially in a bore is mounted in the isotactor body, wherein the center electrode - preferably exclusively - by at least one encompassing sealing ring relative to the Insulator body is sealed.

Zündkerzen weisen beim Stand der Technik unterschiedlichste Konfigurationen von Mittel- und Basiselektrode auf. Die Mittelelektrode ist hierbei in der Regel in einer Bohrung in einem Isolator geführt und ragt über diesen brennkammerseitig hinaus. Die für die Langlebigkeit und Druckfestigkeit der Zündkerze u.a. ebenfalls entscheidende Abdichtung zwischen Mittelelektrode und Isolatorkörper wird in der Regel durch Einbringen von glasähnlichen oder anderen Dichtmassen zwischen Mittelelektrode und Isolatorkörper realisiert. Hierbei ist es wichtig, dass die Dichtmasse eine gasdichte Verbindung herstellt.Spark plugs have different configurations in the prior art Middle and base electrode on. The center electrode is usually in one Drilled in an insulator and protrudes beyond this combustion chamber side. The for the longevity and pressure resistance of the spark plug u.a. also crucial Seal between center electrode and insulator body is usually through Introduction of glass-like or other sealing compounds between the center electrode and Insulator body realized. It is important that the sealant is a gas-tight Makes connection.

Diese beim Stand der Technik bekannte Abdichtungsmaßnahme hat den Nachteil, dass es vergleichsweise aufwendig ist, die Dichtmasse so zwischen Mittelelektrode und Isolatorkörper einzubringen, dass auch die gewünschte gasdichte Abdichtung sichergestellt ist.This sealing measure known from the prior art has the disadvantage that it is comparatively expensive, the sealant so between the center electrode and insulator body to bring that also the desired gas-tight seal is ensured.

Aus der US 4,563,158 ist eine Glasabdichtung in Form eines Ringes aus vorgesintertem Glaspulver bekannt. Der Ring wird auf die Mittelelektrode aufgeschoben. Anschließend wird das Glaspulver unter Hitzeeinwirkung verschmolzen und dabei gleichzeitig in seine endgültige Position gedrückt.From US 4,563,158 is a glass seal in the form of a ring Pre-sintered glass powder known. The ring is on the center electrode postponed. Subsequently, the glass powder is fused under heat and at the same time pressed into its final position.

Werden diese heutzutage bekannten Zündkerzen bei Brennkraftmaschinen, wie z.B. Großmotoren mit sehr hohen Innendrücken im Brennraum verwendet, so ergibt sich oft das Problem, dass die Zündkerzen nicht dauerhaft die geforderte Druckfestigkeit aufweisen. Hierdurch kann es dazu kommen, dass entweder Gas entweicht oder die Mittelelektrode aus dem Isolatorkörper während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine ausgedrückt bzw. mit hohem Druck ausgeschossen wird, was wiederum eine Gefahr für Mensch und Maschine darstellen kann. When these spark plugs known today are used in internal combustion engines, e.g. Large engines with very high internal pressures used in the combustion chamber, so often arises the problem that the spark plugs are not permanently the required compressive strength exhibit. This can lead to either gas escaping or the Center electrode from the insulator body during operation of the internal combustion engine Expressed or imposed with high pressure, which in turn is a danger can represent for man and machine.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es somit, eine Zündkerze zur Verfügung zu stellen, bei der die gewünschte Druckfestigkeit gegeben ist.Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a spark plug available in which the desired compressive strength is given.

Dies wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch erreicht, dass der Dichtring durch Verpressen plastisch verformbares Material aufweist.This is inventively achieved in that the sealing ring by pressing having plastically deformable material.

Die erfindungsgemäße Abdichtung hat zunächst den Vorteil, dass die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze gegenüber dem Stand der Technik deutlich vereinfacht wird. Darüber hinaus wird durch den oder die vorzugsweise bei Raumtemperatur (ca. 20 °C) plastisch verformbaren Dichtring(e) aber auch eine sehr haltbare und hochdruckfeste Abdichtung zwischen Mittelelektrode und Isolatorkörper erreicht. Vorzugsweise kann hierbei auf die Verwendung weiterer Dichtmittel zur Abdichtung der Mittelelektrode gegenüber dem Isolatorkörper verzichtet werden, wobei der Dichtring oder die Dichtringe alleine für sich eine ausreichende und hochdruckfeste Abdichtung herstellen.The seal according to the invention initially has the advantage that the production of the Spark plug according to the invention over the prior art significantly simplified becomes. In addition, by or preferably at room temperature (approx. 20 ° C) plastically deformable sealing ring (e) but also a very durable and high pressure resistant seal between center electrode and insulator body achieved. Preferably, the use of further sealing means for sealing the Center electrode are dispensed with respect to the insulator body, wherein the sealing ring or the sealing rings alone for a sufficient and high pressure resistant seal produce.

Die hierfür zu verwendenden Dichtringe können grundsätzlich aus verschiedenartigem Material hergestellt sein. Bevorzugt weist der Dichtring mindestens ein Metall oder eine Legierung von Metallen auf. Eine besonders langlebige und hochdruckfeste Abdichtung wird erzielt, wenn der Dichtring Weicheisen und/oder Kupfer und/oder Nickel und/oder Edelstahl und/oder Aluminiumwerkstoffe und/oder Legierungen dieser Werkstoffe aufweist.The sealing rings to be used for this purpose can fundamentally be made of different types Be made of material. Preferably, the sealing ring has at least one metal or a Alloy of metals. A particularly durable and high pressure resistant Sealing is achieved when the sealing ring soft iron and / or copper and / or Nickel and / or stainless steel and / or aluminum materials and / or alloys thereof Has materials.

Es kann hierbei sowohl die Verwendung nur eines Dichtringes als auch die Verwendung von zwei oder mehreren Dichtringen vorgesehen sein. Der oder die Dichtringe können dabei an unterschiedlichen Stellen innerhalb und außerhalb des Isolatorkörpers angeordnet sein. Eine erste Variante sieht vor, dass ein Dichtring am Isolatorkörper an dessen in Einbaustellung der Zündkerze zu einer Brennkammer einer Brennkraftmaschine weisenden Ende anliegt, wobei wiederum eine besonders hochdruckfeste Abdichtung erreicht wird, wenn ein Dichtring in einer diesen teilweise umfassenden Vertiefung des Isolatorkörpers an diesem anliegt.It can hereby both the use of only one sealing ring and the Use of two or more sealing rings may be provided. The or the Sealing rings can be at different locations inside and outside of the Be arranged insulator body. A first variant provides that a sealing ring on Insulator body at the in the installed position of the spark plug to a combustion chamber of a Internal combustion engine facing end abuts, again a particular high-pressure-tight seal is achieved when a sealing ring in a part of this comprehensive depression of the insulator body rests against this.

Beim Stand der Technik ist es bereits bekannt, auf das in Einbaustellung zu einer Brennkammer einer Brennkraftmaschine weisende Ende der Mittelelektrode einen sogenannten Mittelelektrodenträger aufzustecken und/oder aufzupressen und/oder aufzuschweißen und/oder anderweitig daran zu befestigen. Bei solchen Zündkerzen ist es meist günstig, wenn ein Dichtring zwischen dem Mittelelektrodenträger und dem Isolatorkörper angeordnet, vorzugsweise eingeklemmt ist. Alternativ zum vergleichsweise teuren und vorsichtig zu behandelnden Mittelelektrodenträger kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass ein Befestigungsring auf das zu einer Brennkammer einer Brennkraftmaschine weisende Ende der Mittelelektrode aufgesteckt und/oder aufgepresst und/oder aufgeschweißt und/oder dergleichen ist, wobei wiederum ein Dichtring zwischen dem Befestigungsring und dem Isolatorkörper angeordnet, vorzugsweise eingeklemmt ist. Sollte kein Mittelelektrodenträger und kein Befestigungsring vorgesehen sein, so kann die Mittelelektrode an ihrem in Einbaustellung der Zündkerze zur Brennkammer einer Brennkraftmaschine weisenden Ende außerhalb des Isolatorkörpers alternativ auch einen Bereich vergrößerten Durchmessers aufweisen, wobei dann ein Dichtring zwischen dem Bereich mit vergrößertem Durchmesser und dem Isolatorkörper angeordnet oder vorzugsweise eingeklemmt sein kann.In the prior art, it is already known in the installed position to a Combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine facing end of the center electrode a so-called center electrode support aufzusteß and / or press and / or aufzuschweißen and / or otherwise attach to it. In such spark plugs is it is usually favorable if a sealing ring between the center electrode carrier and the Insulator body arranged, preferably clamped. Alternative to comparatively expensive and careful to be treated center electrode carrier can be provided that a mounting ring on the to a combustion chamber of a Internal combustion engine facing end of the center electrode plugged and / or is pressed and / or welded and / or the like, in turn, a Arranged sealing ring between the mounting ring and the insulator body, is preferably clamped. Should not have a center electrode support and no Fixing ring may be provided, so the center electrode can at its in Installation position of the spark plug pointing to the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine Alternatively, an area enlarged outside the insulator body Have diameter, in which case a sealing ring between the area with arranged enlarged diameter and the insulator body or preferably can be trapped.

Neben diesen Varianten, bei denen ein Dichtring am brennkammerseitigen Ende des Isolatorkörpers angeordnet ist, kann anstelle dessen oder auch ergänzend dazu vorgesehen sein, dass mindestens ein Dichtring innerhalb des Isolatorkörpers liegt. Eine günstige Variante sieht hierbei wiederum vor, dass ein Dichtring innerhalb des Isolatorkörpers zwischen einer die Mittelelektrode umgreifenden Schulter des Isolatorkörpers und einem Bereich vergrößerten Durchmessers der Mittelelektrode angeordnet, vorzugsweise eingeklemmt ist.In addition to these variants, in which a sealing ring on the combustion chamber end of the Insulator body is arranged, instead of or in addition to it be provided that at least one sealing ring is located within the insulator body. A favorable variant provides in turn that a sealing ring within the Insulator body between a shoulder of the center electrode embracing the Insulator body and a region of increased diameter of the center electrode arranged, preferably clamped.

Wie bereits erwähnt, ist es ein wesentlicher Vorteil der verschiedenen Varianten der erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze, dass sie besonders schnell und einfach hergestellt werden können. Ein hierfür vorgesehenes Verfahren kann folgende Schritte aufweisen:

  • a) Einbringen der Mittelelektrode in die dafür vorgesehene Bohrung im Isolatorkörper, wobei mindestens ein Dichtring, vorzugsweise alle Dichtringe, an der dafür vorgesehenen Stelle angeordnet wird (werden),
  • b) Verpressen der Mittelelektrode mit dem Isolatorkörper, wobei der (die) Dichtring(e) die Mittelelektrode gegen den Isolatorkörper abdichtet (abdichten) und plastisch verformt wird (werden).
    • As already mentioned, it is a significant advantage of the different variants of the spark plug according to the invention that they can be produced particularly quickly and easily. A method provided for this purpose can have the following steps:
  • a) introducing the center electrode into the hole provided in the insulator body, at least one sealing ring, preferably all sealing rings, being arranged at the location provided for this purpose,
  • b) pressing the center electrode to the insulator body, the sealing ring (s) sealing (sealing) the center electrode against the insulator body and being plastically deformed.

    • Bei Zündkerzen, welche einen Mittelelektrodenträger und/oder mindestens einen Befestigungsring aufweisen, ist es hierbei wiederum günstig, wenn während oder nach Verfahrensschritt b) ein Mittelelektrodenträger und/oder mindestens ein Befestigungsring auf das in Einbaustellung der Zündkerze zur Brennkammer einer Brennkraftmaschine weisende Ende der Mittelelektrode aufgesteckt und/oder aufgepresst und/oder aufgeschweißt wird, wobei der Dichtring zwischen dem Mittelelektrodenträger und/oder dem Befestigungsring einerseits und dem Isolatorkörper andererseits abdichtet, und plastisch verformt wird.For spark plugs, which have a center electrode carrier and / or at least one Have fastening ring, it is here again favorable if during or after Process step b) a center electrode carrier and / or at least one Mounting ring on the in the installed position of the spark plug to the combustion chamber Internal combustion engine facing end of the center electrode plugged and / or pressed and / or welded, wherein the sealing ring between the center electrode carrier and / or the fastening ring on the one hand and the insulator body on the other hand seals, and plastically deformed.

    Weitere Einzelheiten und Merkmale der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Figurenbeschreibung. Dabei zeigt:

    Fig. 1
    eine erste Variante einer erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze mit einem Mittelelektrodenträger, und
    Fig. 2
    eine zweite erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsvariante ohne Mittelelektrodenträger.
    Further details and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the figures. Showing:
    Fig. 1
    a first variant of a spark plug according to the invention with a center electrode carrier, and
    Fig. 2
    a second embodiment of the invention without center electrode carrier.

    Die in Fig. 1 in einem Längsschnitt dargestellte Zündkerze weist, wie beim Stand der Technik bekannt, einen Isolatorkörper 1 mit einer Bohrung auf, in die eine Mittelelektrode 2 eingesetzt ist. Der Isolatorkörper 1 wird vom Zündkerzengehäuse 3 umfasst und ist gegen dieses mittels der Dichtungen 11 gasdicht und druckfest abgedichtet. Das Zündkerzengehäuse 3 weist ein Gewinde 4 zum Einschrauben der Zündkerze in den Zylinderkopf auf. Des weiteren ist am hinteren Ende der Mittelelektrode 2 ein Zündkerzensteckeranschluss 12 vorgesehen. Am brennkammerseitigen Ende der Zündkerze ist ein Masseelektrodenträger 5 elektrisch leitend auf das Zündkerzengehäuse 3 aufgesetzt und ein Mittelelektrodenträger 7 elektrisch leitend mit der Mittelelektrode 2 verbunden. Die Verbindung zwischen der Mittelelektrode 2 und dem Mittelelektrodenträger 7 erfolgt wie beim Stand der Technik bekannt günstigerweise durch Aufsetzen des Mittelelektrodenträgers 7 auf die Mittelelektrode 2 und anschließendes Verpressen und Verschweißen der beiden Bauteile. Die Zündfunken entstehen beim Betrieb der Zündkerze zwischen den Elektroden 8 des Mittelelektrodenträgers 7 und den Masseelektroden 6, welche elektrisch leitend auf den Masseelektrodenträger 5 aufgesetzt sind. The spark plug shown in Fig. 1 in a longitudinal section, as in the prior Technik known, an insulator body 1 with a bore, into which a Center electrode 2 is inserted. The insulator body 1 is from the spark plug housing. 3 includes and is against this by means of the gaskets 11 gas-tight and pressure-resistant sealed. The spark plug housing 3 has a thread 4 for screwing the Spark plug in the cylinder head. Furthermore, at the rear end of the Center electrode 2, a spark plug connector 12 is provided. At the combustion chamber-side end of the spark plug is a ground electrode carrier 5 electrically conductive placed on the spark plug housing 3 and a center electrode carrier. 7 electrically connected to the center electrode 2. The connection between the Center electrode 2 and the center electrode carrier 7 takes place as in the prior art Conveniently known by placing the center electrode carrier 7 on the Center electrode 2 and then pressing and welding the two Components. The sparks occur during operation of the spark plug between the Electrodes 8 of the center electrode carrier 7 and the ground electrodes 6, which are electrically connected to the ground electrode carrier 5 are placed.

    Erfindungsgemäß ist nun vorgesehen, dass die Mittelelektrode 2 gegen den Isolatorkörper 1 vorzugsweise ausschließlich mittels der Dichtringe 10 abgedichtet ist. Ein solcher Dichtring 10 befindet sich in der Vertiefung 9 des Isolatorkörpers 1 und ist zwischen dem Mittelelektrodenträger 7 und dem Isolatorkörper 1 eingeklemmt. Ein zweiter Dichtring ist zwischen einer Schulter 15 innerhalb des lsolatorkörpers 1 und einem Bereich 14 der Mittelelektrode 2 mit vergrößertem Durchmesser eingeklemmt. Beim Einklemmen der Dichtringe werden diese plastisch verformt, wodurch sich eine besonders gute Abdichtung ergibt. Durch die an diesem Ausführungsbeispiel gezeigte Anordnung der erfindungsgemäßen Dichtringe 10 kann die beim Stand der Technik bekannte Verwendung von verschiedenen z.B. glasartigen Dichtmassen zur Abdichtung zwischen Mittelelektrode und Isolatorkörper 1 vorzugsweise vollständig entfallen.According to the invention it is now provided that the center electrode 2 against the Insulator body 1 is preferably sealed only by means of the sealing rings 10. Such a sealing ring 10 is located in the recess 9 of the insulator body 1 and is between the center electrode support 7 and the insulator body 1 is clamped. One second sealing ring is between a shoulder 15 within the lsolatorkörpers 1 and a region 14 of the center electrode 2 of enlarged diameter clamped. When clamping the sealing rings they are plastically deformed, resulting in a particularly good sealing results. By the shown in this embodiment Arrangement of the sealing rings 10 according to the invention may be that in the prior art known use of various e.g. glassy sealants for Seal between the center electrode and insulator body 1 preferably completely omitted.

    Bei der Anordnung der erfindungsgemäßen Dichtringe 10 zwischen Mittelelektrode 2 und Isolatorkörper 1 gibt es verschiedene erfindungsgemäße Alternativen zu der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform. So zeigt Fig. 2 eine Zündkerze, bei der kein gesonderter Mittelelektrodenträger 7 zum Einsatz kommt. Bei diesem Beispiel wird auf die Mittelelektrode 2 ein Befestigungsring 13 aufgesteckt und/oder aufgepresst und/oder aufgeschweißt. Zwischen diesem Befestigungsring 13 und dem Isalatorkörper 1 kann wiederum die Dichtung 10 in der Vertiefung 9 angeordnet bzw. eingeklemmt werden.In the arrangement of the sealing rings 10 according to the invention between the center electrode 2 and insulator body 1, there are various alternatives according to the invention to that shown in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment. Thus, Fig. 2 shows a spark plug, in which no Separate center electrode carrier 7 is used. This example will open the center electrode 2 attached a fastening ring 13 and / or pressed and / or welded. Between this attachment ring 13 and the Isalatorkörper 1, in turn, the seal 10 is arranged or clamped in the recess 9 become.

    Ein besonders günstiges Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zündkerze gemäß Fig. 1 oder Fig. 2 sieht vor, dass zunächst die Mittelelektrode 2 unter Beilage einer Dichtung 10 in den Isolatorkörper 1 eingeschoben wird. Schließlich wird auf die Mittelelektrode 2 auf ihre der Brennkammer zugewandte Seite ein zweiter Dichtungsring 10 aufgeschoben, sodass dieser in der Vertiefung 9 des Isolatorkörpers 1 zu liegen kommt. Als nächster Schritt wird nun der Mittelelektrodenträger 7 mit den bereits zuvor aufgeschweißten Elektroden 8 (vorzugsweise Edelmetallelektroden) oder der Befestigungsring 13 in Richtung des Dichtringes 10 durch eine hier nicht weiter dargestellte Anpressvorrichtung gedrückt. Während dieses Anpressvorganges wird die Mittelelektrode 2 auf der von der Brennkammer abgewandten Seite abgestützt. Durch diesen Anpressvorgang kommt es zu einer plastischen Verformung der beiden Dichtringe 10. In diesem vorgespannten Zustand wird der Mittelelektrodenträger 7 und/oder der Befestigungsring 13 mit der Mittelelektrode 2 z.B. mittels Laser-(kontinuierlicher oder gepulster Laser), WIG-, Plasma-, Widerstands- oder Elektronenstrahlschweißverfahren verschweißt. Hierdurch wird zum einen eine Abdichtung erzeugt und zum zweiten der Mittelelektrodenträger 7 fixiert und abgestützt, sodass diese Anordnung hochdruckbeständig ist und es zu keinem Herausdrücken der Mittelelektrode 2 durch den Druck im Brennraum kommen kann. Besonders günstig ist die Verwendung des Laserschweißverfahrens, da hier die Bauteile im vorgespannten Presszustand verschweißt werden, und die Wärmeeinbringung auf einen sehr kleinen, lokalen Bereich beschränkt wird. Zur Ferüigstellung der Zündkerze wird nun der so hergestellte Verbund aus Isolatorkörper 1, Mittelelektrode 2 und Mittelelektrodenträger 7 unter Beilage der Dichtungen 11 in das Zündkerzengehäuse 3 eingebaut. Das Zündkerzengehäuse 3 kann hierbei aus zwei Teilen aufgebaut sein, die nach Einbringen des Isolatorkörpers im Bereich 16 miteinander verpresst und verschweißt werden. Anschließend wird noch in an sich bekannter Weise der Masseelektrodenträger 5 am Gehäuse 3 angeschweißt, wobei vorab wiederum die Masseelektroden 6 (vorzugsweise ebenfalls aus Edelmetall) am Masseelektrodenträger 5 angeschweißt werden. Die Verwendung eines Befestigungsringes 13 anstatt oder ergänzend zu einem Mittelelektrodenträger 7 hat den Vorteil, dass der Befestigungsring 13 beim Aufpressen weniger leicht beschädigt wird. So kann abweichend von Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Mittelelektrode 2 zunächst mit einem Befestigungsring 13 verpresst wird und erst anschließend der vergleichsweise empfindliche Mittelelektrodenträger 7 zusätzlich an dem zur Brennkammer weisenden Ende der Mittelelektrode 2 befestigt wird.A particularly favorable method for producing a spark plug according to FIG. 1 or Fig. 2 provides that initially the center electrode 2 with the addition of a seal 10 in the insulator body 1 is inserted. Finally, on the center electrode 2 their combustion chamber side facing a second sealing ring 10 is pushed, so that it comes to rest in the recess 9 of the insulator body 1. Next Step is now the center electrode carrier 7 with the previously welded on Electrodes 8 (preferably noble metal electrodes) or the fixing ring 13 in FIG Direction of the sealing ring 10 by a not shown here Pressing pressed. During this Anpressvorganges is the Center electrode 2 supported on the side facing away from the combustion chamber side. By This Anpressvorgang it comes to a plastic deformation of the two Sealing rings 10. In this prestressed state, the center electrode carrier 7 and / or the fastening ring 13 with the center electrode 2, e.g. by means of laser (continuous or pulsed laser), TIG, plasma, resistive or Electron beam welding welded. This will on the one hand a Seal produced and fixed to the second of the center electrode support 7 and supported, so that this arrangement is resistant to high pressure and it to none Pushing out the center electrode 2 can come by the pressure in the combustion chamber. Particularly favorable is the use of the laser welding process, since here the Components are welded in the prestressed press state, and the Heat input is limited to a very small, local area. to Ferüigstellung the spark plug is now the composite made of insulator body 1, center electrode 2 and center electrode support 7 with the seals 11 in the spark plug housing 3 installed. The spark plug housing 3 can in this case be constructed of two parts, after insertion of the insulator body in the area 16 be pressed together and welded together. Then it is still in itself known manner, the ground electrode carrier 5 welded to the housing 3, wherein in advance, the ground electrodes 6 (preferably also made of precious metal) on Ground electrode carrier 5 are welded. The use of a Fixing ring 13 instead of or in addition to a central electrode support 7 has the advantage that the mounting ring 13 is less easily damaged during pressing becomes. Thus, in deviation from FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, it can also be provided that the Center electrode 2 is first pressed with a mounting ring 13 and only then the comparatively sensitive center electrode carrier 7 in addition to is fixed to the combustion chamber facing end of the center electrode 2.

    Wie anhand der in Fig. 1 und 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiele demonstriert ist, gibt es zahlreiche verschiedene Varianten, die Mittelelektrode 2 gegen den Isolatorkörper 1 unter der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung der Dichtringe 10 abzudichten, sodass die Erfindung nicht auf die gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt ist.As demonstrated by the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, there are There are many different variants, the center electrode 2 against the insulator body. 1 seal under the inventive use of the sealing rings 10, so that the Invention is not limited to the embodiments shown.

    Alternativ zu den in Fig. 1 und 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispielen kann die Mittelelektrode auch vom brennkammerseitigen Ende in den Isolatorkörper 1 eingeschoben und durch entsprechende Ringe od. dgl. am von der Brennkammer abgewandten Ende des Isolatorkörpers 1 befestigt werden. In diesem Fall ist es unter anderem günstig, wenn an der Stelle der Mittelelektrode 2, an der in dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispielen der Dichtring 13 oder der Mittelelektrodenträger 7 aufsitzen, die Mittelelektrode selbst einen größeren Durchmesser aufweist, sodass wiederum ein Dichtring 10 eingeklemmt werden kann. Das weiter oben geschilderte Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zündkerzen kann hierbei von einem Fachmann im Sinne der Erfindung angepasst werden.As an alternative to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the Center electrode and the combustion chamber-side end in the insulator body. 1 inserted and od by appropriate rings. Like. Am from the combustion chamber remote end of the insulator body 1 are attached. In this case it is under Another favorable, if at the location of the center electrode 2, at the in the shown Embodiments of the sealing ring 13 or the central electrode support 7 sit, the Center electrode itself has a larger diameter, so in turn a Sealing ring 10 can be clamped. The above-described method for Production of spark plugs in this case by a person skilled in the sense of the invention be adjusted.

    Claims (14)

    Zündkerze mit einem Isolatorkörper und einer Mittelelektrode, welche zumindest teilweise in einer Bohrung im Isolatorkörper gelagert ist, wobei die Mittelelektrode durch mindestens einen sie umgreifenden Dichtring gegenüber dem Isolatorkörper abgedichtet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Dichtring durch Verpressen plastisch verformbares Material aufweist.Spark plug with an insulator body and a center electrode which is at least partially mounted in a bore in the insulator body, wherein the center electrode is sealed by at least one sealing ring surrounding it with respect to the insulator body, characterized in that the sealing ring has plastically deformable material by pressing. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Dichtring mindestens ein Metall oder eine Legierung von Metallen aufweist.Spark plug according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing ring comprises at least one metal or an alloy of metals. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Dichtring mindestens ein Metall aus der Gruppe, gebildet aus Weicheisen und Kupfer und Nickel und Edelstahl, oder Aluminiumwerkstoffe oder Legierungen dieser Werkstoffe aufweist.Spark plug according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing ring comprises at least one metal selected from the group consisting of soft iron and copper and nickel and stainless steel, or aluminum materials or alloys of these materials. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Dichtring am Isolatorkörper an dessen in Einbaustellung der Zündkerze zu einer Brennkammer einer Brennkraftmaschine weisenden Ende anliegt.Spark plug according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing ring bears against the insulator body at its end pointing in the installed position of the spark plug to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Dichtring in einer diesen teilweise umfassenden Vertiefung des Isolatorkörpers an diesem anliegt.Spark plug according to claim 4, characterized in that the sealing ring rests in a partially comprehensive recess of the insulator body on this. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1, wobei auf das in Einbaustellung zu einer Brennkammer einer Brennkraftmaschine weisende Ende der Mittelelektrode ein Mittelelektrodenträger aufgesteckt oder aufgepresst oder aufgeschweißt oder dergleichen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Dichtring zwischen dem Mittelelektrodenträger und dem Isolatorkörper angeordnet oder eingeklemmt ist.A spark plug according to claim 1, wherein the central end of the central electrode facing towards a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is fitted or pressed or welded onto a center electrode support or the like, characterized in that the sealing ring is arranged or clamped between the center electrode support and the insulator body. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1, wobei auf das in Einbaustellung zu einer Brennkammer einer Brennkraftmaschine weisende Ende der Mittelelektrode ein Befestigungsring aufgesteckt oder aufgepresst oder aufgeschweißt oder dergleichen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Dichtring zwischen dem Befestigungsring und dem Isolatorkörper angeordnet oder eingeklemmt ist.A spark plug according to claim 1, wherein a fixing ring is attached or pressed or welded or the like onto the end of the central electrode pointing in the installed position to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, characterized in that the sealing ring is arranged or clamped between the fastening ring and the insulator body. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mittelelektrodenträger oder der Befestigungsring an der Mittelelektrode mit einem kontinuierlichen oder gepulsten Laserschweißverfahren oder einem WIG-Schweißverfahren oder einem Plasmaschweißverfahren oder einem Elektronenstrahlschweißverfahren oder einem Widerstandschweißverfahren angeschweißt ist.A spark plug according to claim 6, characterized in that the center electrode support or the fixing ring is welded to the center electrode by a continuous or pulsed laser welding method or a TIG welding method or a plasma welding method or an electron beam welding method or a resistance welding method. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittelelektrode an ihrem in Einbaustellung der Zündkerze zur Brennkammer einer Brennkraftmaschine weisenden Ende außerhalb des Isolatorkörpers einen Bereich vergrößerten Durchmessers aufweist und der Dichtring zwischen dem Bereich mit vergrößertem Durchmesser und dem Isolatorkörper angeordnet oder eingeklemmt ist.Spark plug according to claim 1, characterized in that the center electrode at its in the installed position of the spark plug to the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine facing end outside of the insulator body has a region of increased diameter and the sealing ring between the region of increased diameter and the insulator body is arranged or clamped. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Dichtring innerhalb des Isolatorkörpers zwischen einer die Mittelelektrode umgreifenden Schulter des Isolatorkörpers und einem Bereich vergrößerten Durchmessers der Mittelelektrode angeordnet oder eingeklemmt ist.Spark plug according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing ring is arranged or clamped within the insulator body between a shoulder of the insulator body which surrounds the center electrode and a region of increased diameter of the center electrode. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Isolatorkörper ein keramischer Isolatorkörper ist.Spark plug according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulator body is a ceramic insulator body. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittelelektrode ausschließlich durch mindestens einen sie umgreifenden Dichtring gegenüber dem Isolatorkörper abgedichtet ist.Spark plug according to Claim 1, characterized in that the center electrode is sealed off from the insulator body exclusively by at least one sealing ring embracing it. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfahren folgende Schritte aufweist: a) Einbringen der Mittelelektrode in die dafür vorgesehene Bohrung im Isolatorkörper, wobei mindestens ein Dichtring oder alle Dichtringe an der dafür vorgesehenen Stelle angeordnet wird (werden). b) Verpressen der Mittelelektrode mit dem (solatorkörper, wobei der (die) Dichtring(e) die Mittelelektrode gegen den Isolatorkörper abdichtet (abdichten) und plastisch verformt wird (werden). Method for producing a spark plug according to claim 1, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: a) introducing the center electrode in the hole provided in the insulator body, wherein at least one sealing ring or all sealing rings is arranged at the designated location (will). b) compressing the center electrode with the (solatorkörper, wherein the (the) sealing ring (s), the center electrode against the insulator body seals (plastic seal) and is plastically deformed (become). Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass während oder nach Verfahrensschritt b) ein Mittelelektrodenträger oder mindestens ein Befestigungsring auf das in Einbaustellung der Zündkerze zur Brennkammer einer Brennkraftmaschine weisende Ende der Mittelelektrode aufgesteckt oder aufgepresst und/oder aufgeschweißt wird, wobei der Dichtring zwischen dem Mittelelektrodenträger oder dem Befestigungsring einerseits und dem Isolatorkörper andererseits abdichtet, und plastisch verformt wird.A method according to claim 11, characterized in that during or after process step b) a center electrode carrier or at least one mounting ring is plugged or pressed onto the pointing in the installed position of the spark plug to the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine end of the center electrode and / or welded, wherein the sealing ring between the center electrode carrier or the fastening ring on the one hand and the insulator body on the other hand seals, and is plastically deformed.
    EP03014237A 2002-07-22 2003-06-25 Spark plug Expired - Lifetime EP1385242B1 (en)

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    AT03014237T ATE288632T1 (en) 2002-07-22 2003-06-25 SPARK PLUG

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    AT11072002 2002-07-22

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    JP (1) JP2004103565A (en)
    AT (1) ATE288632T1 (en)
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    CN102089946A (en) * 2008-07-09 2011-06-08 罗伯特.博世有限公司 Installation space-optimized spark plug
    DE102017202238B3 (en) * 2017-02-13 2018-02-08 Dkt Verwaltungs-Gmbh Spark plug and a method of making a spark plug

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    DE102006043593B3 (en) * 2006-09-16 2008-04-10 Multitorch Gmbh spark plug
    AT506140B1 (en) * 2007-11-05 2009-11-15 Francesconi Christian SPARK PLUG
    CN103647218B (en) * 2013-12-11 2016-01-27 何惠元 Multigap plug
    JP6143710B2 (en) * 2014-05-21 2017-06-07 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Spark plug

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    US3569765A (en) * 1969-01-10 1971-03-09 Forest J Moray Spark plug with cuplike center electrode
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    US4563158A (en) * 1983-04-27 1986-01-07 Allied Corporation Fuel ignition device and method of assembling same
    US5569971A (en) * 1994-03-31 1996-10-29 Clifford; Gerald R. Readily assembled spark electrode

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    CN102089946A (en) * 2008-07-09 2011-06-08 罗伯特.博世有限公司 Installation space-optimized spark plug
    DE102017202238B3 (en) * 2017-02-13 2018-02-08 Dkt Verwaltungs-Gmbh Spark plug and a method of making a spark plug

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    US20050174026A1 (en) 2005-08-11
    US7105991B2 (en) 2006-09-12
    ES2235130T3 (en) 2005-07-01
    DK1385242T3 (en) 2005-06-06
    DE50300292D1 (en) 2005-03-10
    EP1385242B1 (en) 2005-02-02
    JP2004103565A (en) 2004-04-02
    MXPA03006513A (en) 2004-12-03
    ATE288632T1 (en) 2005-02-15

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