EP1384970B1 - Subcalibre projectile having multiple supports - Google Patents

Subcalibre projectile having multiple supports Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1384970B1
EP1384970B1 EP03291631A EP03291631A EP1384970B1 EP 1384970 B1 EP1384970 B1 EP 1384970B1 EP 03291631 A EP03291631 A EP 03291631A EP 03291631 A EP03291631 A EP 03291631A EP 1384970 B1 EP1384970 B1 EP 1384970B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
sabot
projectile according
shoe
radial
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP03291631A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1384970A1 (en
Inventor
Nicolas Eches
Jean-Paul Fauchon
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Nexter Munitions SA
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Nexter Munitions SA
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Publication of EP1384970A1 publication Critical patent/EP1384970A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/061—Sabots for long rod fin stabilised kinetic energy projectiles, i.e. multisegment sabots attached midway on the projectile

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of sub-calibrated projectiles comprising a shoe of gauge formed of at least two segments and surrounding a sub-calibrated bar, as described in FIG. US H 1412 .
  • Such projectiles are well known and are usually referred to as arrow projectiles because the bar is stabilized by a stabilizer.
  • the shoe usually has a push plate gauge on which is mounted a sealing belt.
  • the shoe also has another support bearing gauge to complete the guidance of the projectile in the tube by preventing tilting of the axis of the bar relative to the axis of the tube.
  • This other bearing surface may be in front of the guide plate as described below with reference to the figure 1 (hoof said "towed-pushed").
  • the increase in velocity can be obtained by an increase in the mass of the propellant charge, which leads to the design of projectiles in which the thrust plate is disposed very far forward.
  • the hoof thrust plate is thus introduced into the barrel of the weapon well before the rear support surface does not come to stabilize the hoof. There is then in the first moments of the internal ballistic phase a risk of pivoting of the projectile around the hinge constituted by the belt. Such pivoting leads to a bad angular positioning of the projectile in the tube which can lead to oscillations disrupting the stability of the flight of the bar.
  • the shoe must then be reinforced at its rear to ensure the drive of the inertia of the bar, which is detrimental to the lightness of the shoe.
  • an elongated bar causes bending oscillations of the rear portion of the projectile in the barrel of the weapon which also leads to a disruption of the stability of the projectile flight.
  • the projectile according to the invention comprises a shoe of reduced mass but nevertheless ensuring improved guidance of the projectile in the tube to avoid positioning obliquities and vibrations of the bar.
  • the subject of the invention is a sub-calibrated projectile comprising a shoe with a caliber formed of at least two segments and surrounding a sub-calibrated bar, projectile characterized in that the shoe comprises at least three support bearings substantially of caliber, spaced apart axially from each other.
  • the distance between the two most distant ranges will preferably be greater than or equal to 3 calibres.
  • At least one bearing surface is constituted by a thrust plate comprising at least one groove receiving a belt, a thrust plate which is located axially between two other bearing surfaces. support.
  • the thrust plate will be disposed at a distance from a median transverse plane PM, plane orthogonal to the bar and passing through the center of gravity of the complete projectile, distance which will be between 0.5 and 1.5 calibers.
  • a front support surface may be constituted by radial arms evenly distributed angularly around the shoe.
  • Each arm may carry at its end a plastic pad for guiding the shoe in the tube.
  • a rear support surface may be constituted by radial pads, evenly distributed angularly around the shoe.
  • Each radial stud may be integral with a segment of the shoe.
  • each radial stud may be formed by the juxtaposition of two parts, each integral with a separate segment of the shoe.
  • Each radial stud may bear at its end a pad of friction-resistant material, for example steel, guiding the shoe in the tube
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show two arrow projectiles according to the prior art.
  • the projectile 1 represented at figure 1 is a conventional projectile comprising a shoe 2 formed of three sectors surrounding a bar 4 carrying a tail 5.
  • the shoe 2 has a front support surface 6 which has the shape of a bowl having a circular rim substantially the diameter of the tube 7 of the weapon.
  • the shoe 2 also comprises a rear bearing surface which forms a thrust plate PP on which the pressure of the propellant gases is applied.
  • This thrust plate PP comprises a groove receiving a belt 8 ensuring gastightness.
  • This shoe 2 is of the "pulled-pushed" type, which means that the thrust plate PP is axially substantially at or slightly behind a median transverse plane PM which is the plane orthogonal to the bar 4 and passing by the center of gravity of the complete projectile.
  • the projectile 1 represented at figure 2 has a similar general structure and also includes a shoe 2 formed of three segments surrounding a bar 4. It differs from the previous in that its front support surface is constituted by the thrust plate PP, while the rear bearing surface is constituted by three radial studs 9 integral with the shoe 2 and substantially to caliber.
  • Such a shoe is of the "towed” type. Indeed, the thrust plate PP carrying the belt 8 is here axially far ahead of the median transverse plane PM, orthogonal to the bar 4 and passing through the center of gravity of the complete projectile.
  • the guide length l which is the distance between the two ranges is of the order of 1.5 calibres for the towed shoe projectile according to the figure 2 and 2.5 calibres for the towed-pushed shoe projectile of the figure 1 .
  • FIGS. Figures 3a and 3b A first embodiment of a projectile 1 according to the invention is shown in FIGS. Figures 3a and 3b .
  • This projectile is a projectile shoe "pulled-pushed" just like that according to the figure 1 . It differs from the latter in that the shoe 2 comprises three support bearing substantially to the caliber and which are spaced axially from each other.
  • the guide length L that is to say the distance between the two farthest ranges (6 and 11) is greater than or equal to 3 calibres or substantially twice the previous guide bearing area 1 ( figure 1 ).
  • the rear studs 11 have a mass which is much lower than the hoof mass which would have been necessary in the rear part to prevent oscillations of the bar.
  • the projectile according to the invention therefore has improved rigidity while having a reduced mass.
  • each pad 11 will be provided with a pad 14 made of a resistant material, for example steel.
  • FIG. 4a A second embodiment of a projectile 1 according to the invention is shown in Figures 4a and 4b .
  • This projectile is a projectile with "pulled" hoof just like the one according to the figure 2 . It differs from the latter in that the shoe 2 comprises three support bearing substantially to the caliber and which are spaced axially from each other.
  • Each arm 12 carries at its end a shoe 13 made of plastic material which guides the shoe in the tube 7.
  • the guide length L that is to say the distance between the two furthest ranges (9 and 12) is greater than or equal to 3 calibers.
  • the presence of the arms 12 forming the front guide surface makes it possible to prevent the tilting of the projectile when it is put into position ( figure 4a ).
  • the distance L1 between the litters before 12 and median PP is thus greater than or equal to 1.5 calibres.
  • the mass of the arms 12 is reduced and does not overweight the shoe.
  • the projectile according to the invention therefore has improved rigidity while having a reduced mass.
  • the thrust plate PP of this shoe is located at a distance from the median transverse plane PM (plane orthogonal to the bar and passing through the center of gravity of the complete projectile) which is between 0.5 and 1.5 calibres.
  • each pad 9 will be provided with a pad 14 made of a resistant material, for example made of steel.
  • FIGS 5a and 5b show in cross section two variants of rear bearing surfaces 9 or 11.
  • Each radial stud 9 or 11 forming the rear bearing surface can thus be integral with a single segment 2a, 2b or 2c of the shoe 2 as shown in FIG. figure 5a .
  • Each radial stud 9 or 11 may instead be formed by the juxtaposition of two parts, each integral with a separate segment of the shoe 2a, 2b or 2c, as shown in FIG. figure 5b .
  • Each rear radial stud 9 or 11 will preferably have a shoe 14 of resistant material, for example steel, which will guide the shoe in the tube.
  • FIGS. 6a and 6b thus show rear studs 9 or 11 provided with pads 14 made in the form of screws introduced into threads carried by studs 9 or 11.
  • FIGS. 7a and 7b show rear pads 9 or 11 with pads 14 which are all made in the form of plates, having a tip 15 having a dovetail shape and cooperating with a complementary shaped groove arranged at the end of the stud 9 or 11.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des projectiles sous calibrés comprenant un sabot au calibre formé d'au moins deux segments et entourant un barreau sous calibré, comme décrit dans US H 1412 .The technical field of the invention is that of sub-calibrated projectiles comprising a shoe of gauge formed of at least two segments and surrounding a sub-calibrated bar, as described in FIG. US H 1412 .

De tels projectiles sont bien connus et sont habituellement appelés projectiles flèches car le barreau est stabilisé par un empennage.Such projectiles are well known and are usually referred to as arrow projectiles because the bar is stabilized by a stabilizer.

Le sabot présente généralement une plaque de poussée au calibre sur laquelle est montée une ceinture d'étanchéité.The shoe usually has a push plate gauge on which is mounted a sealing belt.

Le sabot comporte également une autre portée d'appui au calibre permettant de compléter le guidage du projectile dans le tube en empêchant les basculements de l'axe du barreau par rapport à l'axe du tube.The shoe also has another support bearing gauge to complete the guidance of the projectile in the tube by preventing tilting of the axis of the bar relative to the axis of the tube.

Cette autre portée d'appui peut se trouver en avant de la plaque de guidage comme décrit ci dessous en référence à la figure 1 (sabot dit "tracté-poussé").This other bearing surface may be in front of the guide plate as described below with reference to the figure 1 (hoof said "towed-pushed").

Elle peut aussi se trouver en arrière de la plaque de guidage comme décrit ci dessous en référence à la figure 2 (sabot dit "tracté").It can also be behind the guide plate as described below with reference to the figure 2 (hoof said "towed").

On cherche aujourd'hui à réaliser des projectiles flèches ayant des performances améliorées tant du point de vue de la vitesse du barreau que de ses capacités de perforation.Today, it is sought to produce arrow projectiles having improved performance in terms of bar speed and perforation capabilities.

L'accroissement de la vitesse peut être obtenu par une augmentation de la masse de la charge propulsive, ce qui conduit à concevoir des projectiles dans lesquels la plaque de poussée est disposée très en avant.The increase in velocity can be obtained by an increase in the mass of the propellant charge, which leads to the design of projectiles in which the thrust plate is disposed very far forward.

La plaque de poussée du sabot se trouve donc introduite dans le tube de l'arme bien avant que la portée d'appui arrière ne vienne stabiliser le sabot. Il existe alors dans les premiers instants de la phase de balistique intérieure un risque de pivotement du projectile autour de la charnière constituée par la ceinture. Un tel pivotement conduit à un mauvais positionnement angulaire du projectile dans le tube qui peut conduire à des oscillations perturbant la stabilité du vol du barreau.The hoof thrust plate is thus introduced into the barrel of the weapon well before the rear support surface does not come to stabilize the hoof. There is then in the first moments of the internal ballistic phase a risk of pivoting of the projectile around the hinge constituted by the belt. Such pivoting leads to a bad angular positioning of the projectile in the tube which can lead to oscillations disrupting the stability of the flight of the bar.

Les travaux sur l'amélioration des performances conduisent également à concevoir des projectiles incorporant un barreau très long dont la partie arrière pénètre profondément dans le chargement propulsif.The work on improving performance also leads to the design of projectiles incorporating a very long bar whose rear part penetrates deeply into the propellant charge.

Le sabot doit alors se trouver renforcé au niveau de sa partie arrière pour assurer l'entraînement de l'inertie du barreau, ce qui est préjudiciable à la légèreté du sabot.The shoe must then be reinforced at its rear to ensure the drive of the inertia of the bar, which is detrimental to the lightness of the shoe.

De plus, un barreau allongé entraîne des oscillations de flexion de la partie arrière du projectile dans le tube de l'arme ce qui conduit également à une perturbation de la stabilité du vol du projectile.In addition, an elongated bar causes bending oscillations of the rear portion of the projectile in the barrel of the weapon which also leads to a disruption of the stability of the projectile flight.

C'est le but de l'invention que de proposer un projectile ne présentant pas de tels inconvénients.It is the object of the invention to provide a projectile without such disadvantages.

Ainsi le projectile selon l'invention comporte un sabot de masse réduite mais assurant néanmoins un guidage amélioré du projectile dans le tube permettant d'éviter les obliquités de positionnement ainsi que les vibrations du barreau.Thus, the projectile according to the invention comprises a shoe of reduced mass but nevertheless ensuring improved guidance of the projectile in the tube to avoid positioning obliquities and vibrations of the bar.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet un projectile sous calibré comprenant un sabot au calibre formé d'au moins deux segments et entourant un barreau sous calibré, projectile caractérisé en ce que le sabot comporte au moins trois portées d'appui sensiblement au calibre, espacées axialement les unes des autres.Thus, the subject of the invention is a sub-calibrated projectile comprising a shoe with a caliber formed of at least two segments and surrounding a sub-calibrated bar, projectile characterized in that the shoe comprises at least three support bearings substantially of caliber, spaced apart axially from each other.

La distance entre les deux portées les plus éloignées sera de préférence supérieure ou égale à 3 calibres.The distance between the two most distant ranges will preferably be greater than or equal to 3 calibres.

Selon un mode particulier de réalisation au moins une portée d'appui, dite portée d'appui médiane, est constituée par une plaque de poussée comportant au moins une gorge recevant une ceinture, plaque de poussée qui se situe axialement entre deux autres portées d'appui.According to a particular embodiment, at least one bearing surface, called the median support surface, is constituted by a thrust plate comprising at least one groove receiving a belt, a thrust plate which is located axially between two other bearing surfaces. support.

Avantageusement, la plaque de poussée sera disposée à une distance d'un plan transversal médian PM, plan orthogonal au barreau et passant par le centre de gravité du projectile complet, distance qui sera comprise entre 0,5 et 1,5 calibres.Advantageously, the thrust plate will be disposed at a distance from a median transverse plane PM, plane orthogonal to the bar and passing through the center of gravity of the complete projectile, distance which will be between 0.5 and 1.5 calibers.

Une portée d'appui avant pourra être constituée par des bras radiaux régulièrement répartis angulairement autour du sabot.A front support surface may be constituted by radial arms evenly distributed angularly around the shoe.

Chaque bras pourra porter à son extrémité un patin en matière plastique assurant le guidage du sabot dans le tube.Each arm may carry at its end a plastic pad for guiding the shoe in the tube.

Une portée d'appui arrière pourra être constituée par des plots radiaux, régulièrement répartis angulairement autour du sabot.A rear support surface may be constituted by radial pads, evenly distributed angularly around the shoe.

Chaque plot radial pourra être solidaire d'un segment du sabot.Each radial stud may be integral with a segment of the shoe.

Alternativement, chaque plot radial pourra être formé par la juxtaposition de deux parties, chacune solidaire d'un segment distinct du sabot.Alternatively, each radial stud may be formed by the juxtaposition of two parts, each integral with a separate segment of the shoe.

Chaque plot radial pourra porter à son extrémité un patin en matériau résistant au frottement, par exemple en acier, assurant le guidage du sabot dans le tubeEach radial stud may bear at its end a pad of friction-resistant material, for example steel, guiding the shoe in the tube

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre de modes particuliers de réalisation, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés et dans lesquels :

  • les figures 1 et 2 représentent en coupe longitudinale deux projectiles selon l'art antérieur mis à poste dans le tube d'une arme,
  • les figures 3a et 3b représentent en coupe longitudinale un projectile selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, la figure 3a montre le projectile mis à poste et la figure 3b le projectile à l'intérieur du tube lors du tir,
  • les figures 4a et 4b représentent en coupe longitudinale un projectile selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, la figure 4a montre le projectile mis à poste et la figure 4b le projectile à l'intérieur du tube lors du tir,
  • les figures 5a et 5b montrent en coupe transversale deux variantes de réalisation des portées d'appui arrières,
  • les figures 6a et 6b montrent en coupes longitudinales et transversales partielles un mode de réalisation d'une portée d'appui arrière,
  • les figures 7a et 7b montrent en coupes longitudinales et transversales partielles un autre mode de réalisation d'une portée d'appui arrière.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of particular embodiments, a description given with reference to the accompanying drawings and in which:
  • the Figures 1 and 2 represent in longitudinal section two projectiles according to the prior art placed in position in the tube of a weapon,
  • the Figures 3a and 3b represent in longitudinal section a projectile according to a first embodiment of the invention, the figure 3a shows the projectile put to post and the figure 3b the projectile inside the tube when firing,
  • the Figures 4a and 4b represent in longitudinal section a projectile according to a second embodiment of the invention, the figure 4a shows the projectile put to post and the figure 4b the projectile inside the tube when firing,
  • the Figures 5a and 5b show in cross section two alternative embodiments of the rear bearing seats,
  • the Figures 6a and 6b show in partial longitudinal and transverse sections an embodiment of a rear support surface,
  • the Figures 7a and 7b show in partial longitudinal and transverse sections another embodiment of a rear support surface.

Les figures 1 et 2 montrent deux projectiles flèches selon l'art antérieur.The Figures 1 and 2 show two arrow projectiles according to the prior art.

Le projectile 1 représenté à la figure 1 est un projectile classique comportant un sabot 2 formé de trois secteurs entourant un barreau 4 portant un empennage 5.The projectile 1 represented at figure 1 is a conventional projectile comprising a shoe 2 formed of three sectors surrounding a bar 4 carrying a tail 5.

Le sabot 2 comporte une portée d'appui avant 6 qui a la forme d'une cuvette ayant un rebord circulaire sensiblement au diamètre du tube 7 de l'arme.The shoe 2 has a front support surface 6 which has the shape of a bowl having a circular rim substantially the diameter of the tube 7 of the weapon.

Le sabot 2 comporte également une portée d'appui arrière qui forme une plaque de poussée PP sur laquelle s'applique la pression des gaz propulsifs.The shoe 2 also comprises a rear bearing surface which forms a thrust plate PP on which the pressure of the propellant gases is applied.

Cette plaque de poussée PP comporte une gorge recevant une ceinture 8 assurant l'étanchéité aux gaz.This thrust plate PP comprises a groove receiving a belt 8 ensuring gastightness.

Ce sabot 2 est de type "tracté-poussé", ce qui veut dire que la plaque de poussée PP se situe axialement sensiblement au niveau ou bien légèrement en arrière d'un plan transversal médian PM qui est le plan orthogonal au barreau 4 et passant par le centre de gravité du projectile complet.This shoe 2 is of the "pulled-pushed" type, which means that the thrust plate PP is axially substantially at or slightly behind a median transverse plane PM which is the plane orthogonal to the bar 4 and passing by the center of gravity of the complete projectile.

On voit que lorsque ce projectile est mis à poste dans le tube de l'arme les deux portées d'appui sont en contact avec le tube. Cependant la longueur de barreau 4 qui se trouve encore dans la chambre 10 de l'arme est importante. Des oscillations de flexion de la partie arrière du barreau interviendront lors du tir ce qui perturbera la stabilité du vol du barreau. Les solutions mises en oeuvre à ce jour conduisent à renforcer la rigidité de la partie arrière du sabot en augmentant l'épaisseur du sabot ce qui alourdit celui ci.It can be seen that when this projectile is put in position in the tube of the weapon, the two bearing surfaces are in contact with the tube. However, the length of the bar 4 which is still in the chamber 10 of the weapon is important. Oscillations of flexion of the rear part of the bar will intervene during the shooting which will disturb the stability of the flight of the bar. The solutions implemented to date lead to reinforce the rigidity of the rear part of the shoe by increasing the thickness of the shoe which makes it heavier.

Le projectile 1 représenté à la figure 2 a une structure générale analogue et comprend lui aussi un sabot 2 formé de trois segments entourant un barreau 4. Il diffère du précédent en ce que sa portée d'appui avant est constituée par la plaque de poussée PP, tandis que la portée d'appui arrière est constituée par trois plots 9 radiaux solidaires du sabot 2 et sensiblement au calibre.The projectile 1 represented at figure 2 has a similar general structure and also includes a shoe 2 formed of three segments surrounding a bar 4. It differs from the previous in that its front support surface is constituted by the thrust plate PP, while the rear bearing surface is constituted by three radial studs 9 integral with the shoe 2 and substantially to caliber.

Un tel sabot est de type "tracté". En effet, la plaque de poussée PP portant la ceinture 8 se situe ici axialement très en avant du plan transversal médian PM, orthogonal au barreau 4 et passant par le centre de gravité du projectile complet.Such a shoe is of the "towed" type. Indeed, the thrust plate PP carrying the belt 8 is here axially far ahead of the median transverse plane PM, orthogonal to the bar 4 and passing through the center of gravity of the complete projectile.

On voit que lorsque ce projectile est mis à poste dans le tube de l'arme (comme représenté sur la figure 2), la portée d'appui arrière se trouve dans la chambre. Elle ne pourra assurer sa fonction de guidage que lorsque le projectile aura pénétré plus avant dans le tube de l'arme. Il en résulte un risque de pivotement du projectile autour de la ceinture 8.We see that when this projectile is put in position in the tube of the weapon (as represented on the figure 2 ), the rear support range is in the chamber. It can not ensure its guiding function when the projectile has penetrated further into the barrel of the weapon. This results in a risk of pivoting of the projectile around the belt 8.

Dans les deux cas la longueur de guidage l qui est la distance entre les deux portées est de l'ordre de 1,5 calibres pour le projectile à sabot tracté selon la figure 2 et de 2,5 calibres pour le projectile à sabot tracté-poussé de la figure 1.In both cases the guide length l which is the distance between the two ranges is of the order of 1.5 calibres for the towed shoe projectile according to the figure 2 and 2.5 calibres for the towed-pushed shoe projectile of the figure 1 .

Un premier mode de réalisation d'un projectile 1 selon l'invention est représenté aux figures 3a et 3b.A first embodiment of a projectile 1 according to the invention is shown in FIGS. Figures 3a and 3b .

Ce projectile est un projectile à sabot "tracté-poussé" tout comme celui selon la figure 1. Il diffère de ce dernier en ce que le sabot 2 comporte trois portées d'appui sensiblement au calibre et qui sont espacées axialement les unes des autres.This projectile is a projectile shoe "pulled-pushed" just like that according to the figure 1 . It differs from the latter in that the shoe 2 comprises three support bearing substantially to the caliber and which are spaced axially from each other.

Le projectile comprend ainsi :

  • une portée d'appui avant 6 qui a la forme d'une cuvette ayant un rebord circulaire sensiblement au diamètre du tube 7 de l'arme,
  • une portée d'appui médiane qui est constituée par la plaque de poussée PP portant la ceinture 8,
  • une portée d'appui arrière constituée par des plots radiaux 11 régulièrement répartis angulairement autour du sabot 2.
The projectile thus comprises:
  • a bearing surface before 6 which has the shape of a bowl having a circular rim substantially to the diameter of the tube 7 of the weapon,
  • a median support surface which is constituted by the push plate PP carrying the belt 8,
  • a rear support surface consisting of radial studs 11 regularly distributed angularly around the shoe 2.

Il résulte d'une telle configuration que lorsque le projectile 1 se trouve à l'intérieur du tube 7 (figure 3b) le barreau se trouve maintenu par rapport au tube par trois portées de guidage (6, PP et 11).It results from such a configuration that when the projectile 1 is inside the tube 7 ( figure 3b ) the bar is held relative to the tube by three guide surfaces (6, PP and 11).

On évite ainsi les oscillations de la partie arrière du barreau même pour des barreaux de grande longueur (supérieure à 30 fois leur diamètre).This avoids the oscillations of the rear part of the bar even for bars of great length (greater than 30 times their diameter).

La longueur de guidage L, c'est à dire la distance entre les deux portées les plus éloignées (6 et 11) est supérieure ou égale à 3 calibres soit sensiblement le double de la portée de guidage antérieure l (figure 1).The guide length L, that is to say the distance between the two farthest ranges (6 and 11) is greater than or equal to 3 calibres or substantially twice the previous guide bearing area 1 ( figure 1 ).

Les plots arrière 11 ont une masse qui est bien inférieure à la masse de sabot qui aurait été nécessaire en partie arrière pour empêcher les oscillations du barreau. Le projectile selon l'invention a donc une rigidité améliorée tout en ayant une masse réduite.The rear studs 11 have a mass which is much lower than the hoof mass which would have been necessary in the rear part to prevent oscillations of the bar. The projectile according to the invention therefore has improved rigidity while having a reduced mass.

Afin d'éviter une détérioration des plots arrière 11 lors du passage du cône de forcement, on dotera chaque plot 11 d'un patin 14 en matériau résistant par exemple en acier.In order to avoid deterioration of the rear studs 11 during the passage of the forcing cone, each pad 11 will be provided with a pad 14 made of a resistant material, for example steel.

Un deuxième mode de réalisation d'un projectile 1 selon invention est représenté aux figures 4a et 4b.A second embodiment of a projectile 1 according to the invention is shown in Figures 4a and 4b .

Ce projectile est un projectile à sabot "tracté" tout comme celui selon la figure 2. Il diffère de ce dernier en ce que le sabot 2 comporte trois portées d'appui sensiblement au calibre et qui sont espacées axialement les unes des autres.This projectile is a projectile with "pulled" hoof just like the one according to the figure 2 . It differs from the latter in that the shoe 2 comprises three support bearing substantially to the caliber and which are spaced axially from each other.

Le projectile comprend ainsi :

  • une portée d'appui arrière constituée par des plots radiaux 9 régulièrement répartis angulairement autour du sabot 2,
  • une portée d'appui médiane qui est constituée par la plaque de poussée PP portant la ceinture 8,
  • une portée d'appui avant qui est constituée par des bras radiaux 12 régulièrement répartis angulairement autour du sabot 2.
The projectile thus comprises:
  • a rear support surface consisting of radial studs 9 regularly distributed angularly around the shoe 2,
  • a median support surface which is constituted by the push plate PP carrying the belt 8,
  • a front support surface which consists of radial arms 12 regularly distributed angularly around the shoe 2.

Chaque bras 12 porte à son extrémité un patin 13 en matière plastique qui assure le guidage du sabot dans le tube 7.Each arm 12 carries at its end a shoe 13 made of plastic material which guides the shoe in the tube 7.

Là encore, il résulte de cette configuration que lorsque le projectile 1 se trouve à l'intérieur du tube 7 (figure 4b) le barreau se trouve maintenu par rapport au tube par trois portées de guidage (9, PP et 12).Again, it follows from this configuration that when the projectile 1 is inside the tube 7 ( figure 4b ) the bar is held relative to the tube by three guide surfaces (9, PP and 12).

On évite ainsi les oscillations de la partie arrière du barreau même pour des barreaux de grande longueur (supérieure à 30 fois leur diamètre).This avoids the oscillations of the rear part of the bar even for bars of great length (greater than 30 times their diameter).

La longueur de guidage L, c'est à dire la distance entre les deux portées les plus éloignées (9 et 12) est supérieure ou égale à 3 calibres.The guide length L, that is to say the distance between the two furthest ranges (9 and 12) is greater than or equal to 3 calibers.

De plus la présence des bras 12 formant la portée de guidage avant permet d'empêcher le basculement du projectile lorsqu'il est mis à poste (figure 4a).In addition, the presence of the arms 12 forming the front guide surface makes it possible to prevent the tilting of the projectile when it is put into position ( figure 4a ).

La distance L1 entre les portées avant 12 et médiane PP est ainsi supérieure ou égale à 1,5 calibres.The distance L1 between the litters before 12 and median PP is thus greater than or equal to 1.5 calibres.

La masse des bras 12 est réduite et n'alourdit pas de façon excessive le sabot. Le projectile selon l'invention a donc une rigidité améliorée tout en ayant une masse réduite.The mass of the arms 12 is reduced and does not overweight the shoe. The projectile according to the invention therefore has improved rigidity while having a reduced mass.

Par ailleurs la plaque de poussée PP de ce sabot se trouve disposée à une distance du plan transversal médian PM (plan orthogonal au barreau et passant par le centre de gravité du projectile complet) qui est comprise entre 0,5 et 1,5 calibres.In addition, the thrust plate PP of this shoe is located at a distance from the median transverse plane PM (plane orthogonal to the bar and passing through the center of gravity of the complete projectile) which is between 0.5 and 1.5 calibres.

Une telle disposition permet d'optimiser la masse du sabot. Ainsi la plaque de poussée PP du projectile se trouve avancée par rapport au cône de forcement 16 de l'arme lorsque la munition est mise à poste.Such an arrangement optimizes the mass of the shoe. Thus, the thrust plate PP of the projectile is advanced relative to the forcing cone 16 of the weapon when the ammunition is put in position.

On peut vérifier par le calcul que le gain de masse optimal pour un sabot de calibre 120mm est obtenu en avançant la plaque de poussée de 80mm environ par rapport à sa position habituelle au niveau du cône de forcement 16. Il en résulte un allégement du sabot de 15 à 20% pour un coût de fabrication analogue.It can be verified by calculation that the optimum mass gain for a shoe 120mm caliber is obtained by advancing the thrust plate about 80mm from its usual position at the forcing cone 16. This results in a lightening of the hoof from 15 to 20% for a similar manufacturing cost.

Il sera possible de donner aux bras 12 un profil avant formant poche recevant l'écoulement aérodynamique à la sortie du tube de l'arme. Une telle disposition permet de faciliter la séparation des segments du sabot à la sortie du tube de l'arme.It will be possible to give the arms 12 a front profile forming a pocket receiving the aerodynamic flow at the exit of the barrel of the weapon. Such an arrangement facilitates the separation of the segments of the shoe at the exit of the barrel of the weapon.

Afin d'éviter une détérioration des plots arrière 9 lors du passage du cône de forcement 16, on dotera chaque plot 9 d'un patin 14 en matériau résistant par exemple en acier.In order to avoid damage to the rear pads 9 during the passage of the forcing cone 16, each pad 9 will be provided with a pad 14 made of a resistant material, for example made of steel.

Les figures 5a et 5b montrent en coupe transversale deux variantes de réalisation des portées d'appui arrières 9 ou 11.The Figures 5a and 5b show in cross section two variants of rear bearing surfaces 9 or 11.

Chaque plot radial 9 ou 11 formant la portée arrière peut ainsi être solidaire d'un seul segment 2a, 2b ou 2c du sabot 2 comme représenté à la figure 5a.Each radial stud 9 or 11 forming the rear bearing surface can thus be integral with a single segment 2a, 2b or 2c of the shoe 2 as shown in FIG. figure 5a .

Chaque plot radial 9 ou 11 peut être au contraire formé par la juxtaposition de deux parties, chacune solidaire d'un segment distinct du sabot 2a, 2b ou 2c, comme représenté à la figure 5b.Each radial stud 9 or 11 may instead be formed by the juxtaposition of two parts, each integral with a separate segment of the shoe 2a, 2b or 2c, as shown in FIG. figure 5b .

Chaque plot radial arrière 9 ou 11 sera de préférence doté d'un patin 14 en matériau résistant, par exemple en acier, qui assurera le guidage du sabot dans le tube.Each rear radial stud 9 or 11 will preferably have a shoe 14 of resistant material, for example steel, which will guide the shoe in the tube.

Les figures 6a et 6b montrent ainsi des plots arrière 9 ou 11 dotés de patins 14 réalisés sous la forme de vis introduites dans des taraudages portés par les plots 9 ou 11.The Figures 6a and 6b thus show rear studs 9 or 11 provided with pads 14 made in the form of screws introduced into threads carried by studs 9 or 11.

Les figures 7a et 7b montrent des plots arrière 9 ou 11 dotés de patins 14 qui sont tous réalisés sous la forme de plaquettes, dotées d'un embout 15 ayant une forme en queue d'aronde et coopérant avec une rainure de forme complémentaire aménagée à l'extrémité du plot 9 ou 11.The Figures 7a and 7b show rear pads 9 or 11 with pads 14 which are all made in the form of plates, having a tip 15 having a dovetail shape and cooperating with a complementary shaped groove arranged at the end of the stud 9 or 11.

Il est bien entendu possible de concevoir un projectile comportant plus de trois portées d'appui. Il est également possible de concevoir un projectile comportant trois portées d'appui et dans lequel la plaque de poussée portant la ceinture constitue la portée la plus en avant ou bien la portée la plus en arrière.It is of course possible to design a projectile with more than three support spans. It is also possible to design a projectile having three bearing spans and wherein the thrust plate wearing the belt is the most forward reach or the rearmost reach.

Claims (10)

  1. A sub-calibre projectile (1) comprising a calibred sabot (2) formed of at least two segments and surrounding a sub-calibred penetrator (4), characterised in that the sabot incorporates at least three substantially calibred support seats (6, 12; PP; 9,11), axially spaced from one another.
  2. A projectile according to Claim 1, characterised in that the distance between the two supports (6,12; 9,11) the furthest apart is greater than or equal to 3 calibres.
  3. A projectile according to Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that at least one support seat, called the median support seat, is formed by a push plate (PP) incorporating at least one groove to receive a band (8), such push plate axially located between two other support seats.
  4. A projectile according to Claim 3, characterised in that the push plate (PP) is positioned at a distance from a median transverse plane (PM), such plane being orthogonal to the penetrator and passing through the centre of gravity of the full projectile, such distance being between 0.5 and 1.5 calibres.
  5. A projectile according to Claims 3 or 4, characterised in that a forward support seat is constituted by radial arms (12) evenly spaced angularly around the sabot (2).
  6. A projectile according to Claim 5, characterised in that each arm (12) carries a foot (13) of a plastic material at its end ensuring the guidance of the sabot in the barrel.
  7. A projectile according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that a rear support seat is constituted by radial studs (9, 11), evenly spaced angularly around the sabot.
  8. A projectile according to Claim 7, characterised in that each radial stud (9, 11) is integral with a segment of the sabot.
  9. A projectile according to Claim 7, characterised in that each radial stud (9, 11) formed by the juxtaposition of two parts, each integral with a separate segment of the sabot.
  10. A projectile according to Claim 9, characterised in that each radial stud (9, 11) carries a foot (14) of a friction resistant material, for example steel, ensuring the guidance of the sabot in the barrel.
EP03291631A 2002-07-24 2003-07-02 Subcalibre projectile having multiple supports Expired - Lifetime EP1384970B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0209409 2002-07-24
FR0209409A FR2842897B1 (en) 2002-07-24 2002-07-24 MULTI-PUSH CALIBER PROJECTILE

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EP1384970A1 EP1384970A1 (en) 2004-01-28
EP1384970B1 true EP1384970B1 (en) 2008-03-05

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EP03291631A Expired - Lifetime EP1384970B1 (en) 2002-07-24 2003-07-02 Subcalibre projectile having multiple supports

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EP (1) EP1384970B1 (en)
DE (1) DE60319469T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2842897B1 (en)
IL (1) IL157066A (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2906360B1 (en) 2006-09-22 2010-11-12 Giat Ind Sa PROJECTILE UNDER SIZE COMPRISING AN ASYMMETRIC SHAFT.
FR2948185A1 (en) 2009-07-20 2011-01-21 Nexter Munitions DEVICE FOR CONNECTING CONCORDANCE OF SHAPE BETWEEN A SHOE AND A BAR OF A PROJECTILE
FR2987891B1 (en) 2012-03-06 2014-09-26 Nexter Munitions PROJECTILE UNDER CALIBER HAVING A DRAINED HEAD STRUCTURE
FR3110687B1 (en) 2020-05-20 2022-05-27 Nexter Munitions Sub-caliber projectile and method for neutralizing a target using such a projectile.

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4802415A (en) * 1987-12-28 1989-02-07 Ford Aerospace Corporation Telescoped ammunition round having subcaliber projectile sabot with integral piston
USH1412H (en) * 1994-02-16 1995-02-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Sabot stiffener for kinetic energy projectile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1384970A1 (en) 2004-01-28
FR2842897A1 (en) 2004-01-30
IL157066A0 (en) 2004-02-08
FR2842897B1 (en) 2004-09-03
DE60319469T2 (en) 2009-03-26
DE60319469D1 (en) 2008-04-17
IL157066A (en) 2012-02-29

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