EP1372435B1

EP1372435B1 - Pump with axial conduit

Info

Publication number: EP1372435B1
Application number: EP02761991A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Robert B. Chaffee
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-03-30
Filing date: 2002-04-01
Publication date: 2010-12-08
Anticipated expiration: 2022-04-01
Also published as: EP1372435A1; CA2442553C; WO2002082955A1; CA2442553A1

Abstract

The present invention is related to pumps and, more specifically, to pumps for use with inflatable devies. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a pump (10) is provided. The pump (10) includes an outer housing (20) and an inner housing (30) positioned within the outer housing (20) and defining a fluid conduit (40) between the inner housing (30) and the outer housing (20). The pump also includes a motor (50) positioned within the inner housing, a vane (70) occupying a majority of the fluid conduit (40), and an impeller (60) positioned within the fluid conduit and connected to the motor (50). According to one embodiment of the present invention, an inflatable device is provided. The inflatable device includes a substantially fluid impermeable bladder (120), a valve assembly (110), and a hand holdable pump (10) detachably connected to the valve assembly. A majority of the hand holdable pump and valve assembly are positioned within the bladder. In this embodiment, the average distance between an inner surface of the outer housing (20), and an outer surface of the inner housing (30) is less than about 25% of the average diameter of the outer housing.

Description

The present invention is related to pumps and, more specifically, to pumps for use with inflatable devices.
A variety of methods of providing air or other fluids to inflatable devices have been proposed. Typically a pump is used to supply air to an orifice in the inflatable device. Such pumps may include a motor that drives an impeller, moving the air into the inflatable device.
Motorized pumps may be powered by electricity. Typically, such electricity is provided by a connection to standard house current or, where portability is desired, by batteries.
According to the present invention, there is provided a pump comprising an outer housing including an outlet constructed to provide fluid to an inflatable device; an inner housing positioned within the outer housing and defining a fluid conduit between the inner housing and the outer housing; a motor positioned within the inner housing; a vane occupying a majority of the fluid conduit, wherein the vane is configured to direct a flow of the fluid in a generally axial direction in the fluid conduit; and an impeller connected to the motor, wherein the pump is constructed with an average distance between an inner surface of the outer housing and an outer surface of the inner housing configured to improve the flow of fluid such that the vane in combination with the fluid conduit enhance a pressurization of the fluid and provide the axial fluid flow of air through the fluid conduit.
The present invention also provides an inflatable device comprising a substantially fluid impermeable bladder, a valve assembly and a pump according to the invention, the pump being detachably connected to the valve assembly.
According to the invention, there is also provided a method of enhancing the pressurization of a fluid flowing through a fluid conduit between the inner and outer housings of a pump, the pump having a vane that occupies a majority of the fluid conduit, the vane being configured to direct a flow of the fluid in a generally axial direction in the fluid conduit, the method including the step of constructing the pump so that an average distance between an inner surface of the outer housing and an outer surface of the inner housing improves the flow of fluid such that the vane in combination with the fluid conduit enhances the pressurization of the fluid and provides the axial fluid flow of air through the fluid conduit.

Brief Description Of Drawings

The foregoing and other advantages of the present invention will be more fully appreciated with reference to the following drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional, elevational view of a pump according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an axial, elevational view of the pump of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional, elevational view of a pump according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective, elevational view of one aspect of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a pump according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the pump of FIG. 6;
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of one aspect of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cut-away view of the aspect of FIG. 7; and
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the aspect of FIG. 7.

Detailed Description

The present invention is directed to a pump with an axial fluid conduit. In one embodiment, the pump of the present invention may include an outer housing and an inner housing positioned within the outer housing. The axial fluid conduit may be defined between the inner housing and the outer housing. A motor may be positioned within the inner housing and an impeller positioned within the fluid conduit and connected to the motor.
Referring now to the figures, and, in particular, to FIGS. 1-2 and 5-6, one embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the pump 10 may include an outer housing 20 and an inner housing 30 positioned within outer housing 20. A fluid conduit 40 may be defined between outer housing 20 and inner housing 30. A motor 50 may be positioned within inner housing 30 and an impeller 60 positioned within fluid conduit 40 and connected to motor 50. The connection may be any attachment known to those of skill in the art.
Outer housing 20 may be constructed in any manner and of any material(s) that render pump 10 sufficiently durable for its intended application and provide a suitable outer wall for fluid conduit 40. For example, outer housing 20 may be constructed of a lightweight, inexpensive, durable, and fluid-tight material. Outer housing 20 may also be shaped such that it is not cumbersome. For example, outer housing 20 may be ergonomically designed. Materials for construction of outer housing 20 include a wide variety of relatively rigid thermoplastics, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or acrylonitrile-butadiene-sytrene (ABS). However, outer housing 20 may also be constructed of other materials, such as metals, metal alloys, and the like.
Outer housing 20 may be constructed in any shape capable of containing an inner housing 30. For example, outer housing 20 may be constructed generally cylindrically. In some embodiments, outer housing 20 may be larger (e.g., have a larger diameter) where it contains inner housing 30, and smaller (e.g., have a smaller diameter) at an inlet 22 and an outlet 24 of outer housing 20. It should be understood that inlet 22 and outlet 24 have been labeled arbitrarily and that fluid can be moved through pump 10 in either direction. For example, pump 10 may be operated in a first direction to push air from inlet 22 to outlet 24 or in a second direction to pull air from outlet 24 to inlet 22.
Inlet 22 may be constructed to facilitate air flow into fluid conduit 40. For example, inlet 22 may be constructed to prevent blockage of inlet 22. In one embodiment, inlet 22 includes protrusions 26 to inhibit blockage of inlet 22. Inlet 22 may also be constructed to prevent foreign objects from contacting impeller 60. For example, inlet 22 may be constructed to have multiple small openings that are relatively difficult for a foreign object, such as a finger, to enter. In a preferred embodiment, protrusions 26 of inlet 22 are constructed as slats, inhibiting foreign objects from contacting impeller 60.
Outlet 24 may be constructed to provide fluid to a desired location. For example, outlet 24 may be constructed to provide fluid to an inflatable device. In one embodiment, outlet 24 includes structure to lock to an inlet of an inflatable device and to bias a valve of the inlet to an open position when the pump is moving fluid to the inflatable device. In another embodiment, the pump may include a solenoid to bias open the valve when the pump is adding fluid to, drawing fluid from, the inflatable device
Inner housing 30 may also be constructed in any manner and of any material(s) that are suitable for containment within outer housing 20, for serving as the inner wall of fluid conduit 40 and for containing motor 50. For example, inner housing 30 may be constructed to fit within outer housing 20, so as to provide the fluid conduit 40. In one embodiment, inner housing 30 is constructed such that it is evenly spaced from an inner surface of outer housing 20. The shape of inner housing 30 may be selected to be compatible with the shape of outer housing 20. For example, where outer housing 20 is generally cylindrical, inner housing 30 may also be generally cylindrical.
Inner housing 30 may also be constructed to securely contain motor 50. For example, inner housing 30 may include internal structure to maintain motor 50 in a desired location. Inner housing 30 may include structure to hold motor 50 in a desired location without allowing undesired vibration or noise. In one embodiment, inner housing 30 may also be constructed to contain one or more batteries to provide electrical power to motor 50. Inner housing 30 may be constructed of any material(s) sufficiently durable to contain motor 50 and suitable for use with the fluid to be pumped. For example, inner housing 30 may be constructed out of any of the same materials as outer housing 20 described supra.
Fluid conduit 40 may be defined by the construction of outer housing 20 and inner housing 30. Fluid conduit 40 may provide sufficient space for fluid flow, so as not to create a significant pressure drop. Fluid conduit 40 may also be regular in shape and substantially free of irregularities that may interfere with efficient fluid flow, potentially creating turbulence, noise and pressure loss.
Fluid conduit 40 may include structure to improve the flow of fluid through fluid conduit 40 and enhance pressurization. Improving the flow through fluid conduit 40 may decrease turbulence and generally result in a pump that is quieter and more efficient. Flow is preferably directed such that the fluid is not forced to make any sudden changes in direction. Fluid conduit 40 is generally axial in direction and impeller 60 will generally impart a rotational force on the fluid relative to the axis of fluid conduit 40. Accordingly, any structure included to improve the flow of fluid through fluid conduit 40 is preferably constructed so as to not inhibit the generally axial movement of fluid through fluid conduit 40, and may allow for the rotation of fluid within fluid conduit 40.
Inefficient fluid flow is preferred to be avoided throughout the length of fluid conduit 40. Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment, the pump is provided with structure to improve the flow of fluid through fluid conduit 40 and enhance pressurization, the structure occupying a majority of fluid conduit 40. The structure for improving the fluid flow preferably occupies at least 75% of the length of fluid conduit 40, even more preferably 90% of the length of fluid conduit 40, and most preferably substantially all of the length of fluid conduit 40, improving flow throughout fluid conduit 40. By way of illustration, what is meant by the structure occupies a majority of fluid conduit 40 is that the structure extends at least half way through the length of fluid conduit 40, not that it fills more than half the void space in fluid conduit 40. A structure occupying the majority of fluid conduit 40 is substantially different from an arrangement that simply directs fluid from an impeller into an open fluid conduit because it controls the fluid flow through a greater portion of fluid conduit 40 and thus is better able to improve fluid flow.
In one embodiment, structure to improve the flow of fluid through fluid conduit 40 and enhance pressurization includes one or more structures that direct flow of fluid. For example, referring to FIGS. 3-4 and 6, fluid conduit 40 may include vanes 70 shaped to improve fluid flow through fluid conduit 40. Vanes 70 may be constructed to direct fluid flow within fluid conduit 40 and to bridge fluid conduit 40 from an inner surface of outer housing 20 to an outer surface of inner housing 30, forcing fluid to flow through the channels defined by the vanes. However, it should be understood that vanes 70 need not extend between the inner surface of outer housing 20 and the outer surface of inner housing 30 in all embodiments, or throughout the entire fluid conduit in such embodiments where they do so extend.
Vanes 70 may be constructed to minimize any abrupt changes in fluid flow associated with inefficient flow and increased pressure drop. For example, vanes 70 may be swept in a direction of the rotation imparted by impeller 60, and may direct the flow generally axially along fluid conduit 40. As illustrated, in one embodiment, vanes 70 straighten along the length of fluid conduit 40, allowing them to gradually redirect the air from primarily rotational movement to primarily axial movement. Vanes 70 are preferably free of any rough edges or dead end pockets that may increase fluid resistance.
It should be appreciated that structure to improve the flow of fluid through fluid conduit 40 and enhance pressurization may be particularly useful where fluid conduit 40 is relatively narrow. For example, where it is desired to make pump 10 portable, yet powerful, it may be desired to make inner housing 30 relatively large to house a larger motor, while making outer housing 20 relatively small to reduce the overall size of the device. In such an embodiment, fluid conduit 40 may be relatively narrow. For example, the average distance between an inner surface of outer housing 20 to an outer surface of inner housing 30 may preferably be about 25%, more preferably about 10%, even more preferably about 5%, or less of the average diameter of outer housing 20. In the illustrated embodiment, the average distance between the inner surface of outer housing 20 to the outer surface of inner housing 30 is about 8% of the average diameter of outer housing 20. The narrowness of fluid conduit 40 may itself act as a structure to improve the flow of fluid, directing it axially along the fluid conduit, rather than allowing it to enter a relatively open area. Accordingly, a narrow fluid conduit may be sufficient is some embodiments to reduce inefficient flow.
Fluid conduit 40 may also include structure to maintain the shape of fluid conduit 40. For example, fluid conduit 40 may include structure to secure inner housing 30 relative to outer housing 20. In one embodiment, this structure may include one or more struts connecting an inner surface of outer housing 20 to the outer surface of inner housing 30. In another embodiment, one or more vanes 70 serve to both direct the fluid flow and maintain the relationship between the inner and outer housings.
Motor 50 may be any device capable of rotating impeller 60 to produce fluid flow through pump 10. For example, motor 50 may be a conventional electric motor. In one embodiment, motor 50 is preferably an efficient, lightweight motor. Motor 50 may also be relatively small, to reduce the overall size of pump 10. However, it is to be appreciated that even for a small overall size pump, the motor may still be relatively large compared to the overall size of the pump where it is desired to provide more pumping power.
Impeller 60 may be constructed in any manner and of any material(s) that allow impeller 60 to move fluid when rotated by motor 50. For example, impeller 60 may be constructed with fins capable of forcing fluid into or out of pump 10, depending on the direction of rotation of impeller 60. Impeller 60 may be made of any material capable of maintaining a desired shape of impeller 60. For example, impeller 60 may be constructed of durable and lightweight material that is compatible with the fluid to be used in pump 10. For example, impeller 60 may be constructed of a thermoplastic, such as those mentioned for use in construction of outer housing 20.
Referring to FIGS. 7-9, according to the present invention pump 10 may be used in a variety of ways. For example, pump 10 may be an independent device, such as a hand holdable pump, and may be placed in contact or connected with an inflatable device when it is desired to inflate the device, typically at a valve 110. In another embodiment, pump 10 may be incorporated into the inflatable device, detachably or permanently. One example embodiment of a pump 10 according to the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 7-9.
In the example embodiment, pump 10 may be connected to a substantially fluid impermeable bladder 120 in an inflatable device. Where pump 10 is connected to bladder 120, pump 10 may be configured so that it does not interfere with the use of the inflatable device. For example the inflatable device may be constructed with pump 10 recessed into bladder 120, as illustrated in FIGS. 7-9. Where pump 10 is recessed within bladder 120, it is an advantage of this embodiment that pump 10 will not interfere with the use of the inflatable device. For example, the exterior profile (total volume and shape) of pump 10 and the inflated device in combination may be substantially the same as the exterior profile of the inflated device absent the combination, thus reducing the opportunity for pump 10 to impact or interfere with the use of the inflatable device. For example, where pump 10 is located within bladder 120 in a mattress application, it allows an inflatable standard sized mattress to fit into a standard sized bed frame. Where pump 10 is located within bladder 120, it may be sized such that it will not come into contact with bladder 120 when bladder 120 is inflated, except at the point(s) of connection. Accordingly, the pump of the present invention, which may be constructed so as to be small and hand-holdable, may be useful in such an application. For additional information regarding incorporating pumps at least partially within a bladder, see U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 09/859,706 , which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
An embedded pump 10 may be powered by conventional household current or by battery power. It should also be understood that pump 10 can be a hand holdable pump that is detachable from the inflatable device and is configured to mate with the inflatable device and to be embedded substantially within the bladder.
Outer housing 20 may house other structure in addition to inner housing 30 and motor 50. For example, outer housing may include fluid control structure such as valves. Valves may be operated manually, by using a solenoid, or using other conventional techniques. The structure to operate the valve may also be included within outer housing 20.
Having thus described certain embodiments of the present invention, various alterations, modifications and improvements will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Such alterations, variations and improvements are intended to be within the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the foregoing description is by way of example and is not intended to be limiting. The present invention is limited only as defined in the following claims and the equivalents thereto.

Claims

A pump, comprising:
an outer housing (20) including an outlet (24) constructed to provide fluid to an inflatable device;

an inner housing (30) positioned within the outer housing (20) and defining a fluid conduit (40) between the inner housing (30) and the outer housing (20);

a motor (50) positioned within the inner housing (30);

a vane (70) occupying a majority of the fluid conduit (40), wherein the vane (70) is configured to direct a flow of the fluid in a generally axial direction in the fluid conduit (40); and

an impeller (60) connected to the motor (50),

wherein the pump is constructed with an average distance between an inner surface of the outer housing (20) and an outer surface of the inner housing (30) configured to improve the flow of fluid such that the vane (70) in combination with the fluid conduit (40) enhance a pressurization of the fluid and provide the axial fluid flow of air through the fluid conduit (40).
The pump of claim 1, wherein the vane (70) extends between an inner surface of the outer housing (20), and an outer surface of the inner housing (30).
The pump of claim 1, wherein the vane comprises a plurality of vanes (70).
The pump of claim 1, wherein the vane (70) has a sweep.
The pump of claim 4, wherein the sweep of the vane (70) gradually redirects fluid flowing through the fluid conduit (40) from primarily rotational motion to primarily axial motion.
The pump of claim 1, wherein an average distance between an inner surface of the outer housing (20) and an outer surface of the inner housing (30) is less than about 25% of the average diameter of the outer housing (20).
The pump of claim 6, wherein the average distance between an inner surface of the outer housing (20) and an outer surface of the inner housing (30) is less than about 10% of the average diameter of the outer housing (20).
The pump of claim 7, wherein the average distance between an inner surface of the outer housing (20) and an outer surface of the inner housing (30) is less than about 5% of the average diameter of the outer housing (20).
The pump of claim 1, wherein the fluid conduit (40) is free of dead end pockets.
The pump of claim 1, wherein the pump is adapted to be and is connected to an inflatable device at a valve assembly (110).
The pump of claim 10, wherein the connection is permanent.
The pump of claim 10, wherein a majority of the pump and the valve assembly (110) are positioned within a bladder (120) of the inflatable device.
The pump of claim 1, wherein the pump is constructed as a hand holdable pump.
The pump of claim 1, wherein the pump is configured to be located within a profile of an inflatable bladder (120) of an inflatable device.
The pump of claim 1, wherein the vane (70) is configured to improve flow through the fluid conduit by decreasing turbulence in the fluid conduit (40).
The pump of claim 1, wherein the vane (70) extends unbroken for at least 90% of a length of the fluid conduit (40).
The pump of claim 16, wherein the vane (70) extends unbroken for substantially all of the length of the fluid conduit.
The pump of claim 1, wherein the fluid is air, the pump further comprising an air pump.
An inflatable device comprising a substantially fluid impermeable bladder (120), a valve assembly (110) and a pump according to any preceding claim detachably connected to the valve assembly (110).
A method of enhancing the pressurization of a fluid flowing through a fluid conduit (40) between the inner and outer housings (20,30) of a pump, the pump having a vane (70) that occupies a majority of the fluid conduit (40), the vane (70) being configured to direct a flow of the fluid in a generally axial direction in the fluid conduit (40), the method including the step of constructing the pump so that an average distance between an inner surface of the outer housing (30) and an outer surface of the inner housing (20) improves the flow of fluid such that the vane (70) in combination with the fluid conduit (40) enhances the pressurization of the fluid and provides the axial fluid flow of air through the fluid conduit (40).
The method of claim 20, wherein the step of constructing the pump includes forming the vane (70) so that it extends unbroken for at least 90% of a length of the fluid conduit (40).
The method of claim 21, wherein the step of constructing the pump includes forming the vane (70) so that it extends unbroken for substantially all of the length of the fluid conduit (40).