EP1371776B1 - Calandre et procédé pour le fonctionnement d' un calandre - Google Patents

Calandre et procédé pour le fonctionnement d' un calandre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1371776B1
EP1371776B1 EP03009655A EP03009655A EP1371776B1 EP 1371776 B1 EP1371776 B1 EP 1371776B1 EP 03009655 A EP03009655 A EP 03009655A EP 03009655 A EP03009655 A EP 03009655A EP 1371776 B1 EP1371776 B1 EP 1371776B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic field
roll
field generating
calender
generating device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP03009655A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1371776A3 (fr
EP1371776A2 (fr
Inventor
Rolf Dr.-Ing. Van Haag
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
Voith Patent GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1371776A2 publication Critical patent/EP1371776A2/fr
Publication of EP1371776A3 publication Critical patent/EP1371776A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1371776B1 publication Critical patent/EP1371776B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
    • D21G1/0073—Accessories for calenders
    • D21G1/008—Vibration-preventing or -eliminating devices
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
    • D21G1/002—Opening or closing mechanisms; Regulating the pressure
    • D21G1/004—Regulating the pressure
    • D21G1/0053—Regulating the pressure using magnetic forces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a calender with a plurality of rolls arranged in a roll stack and a sensor arrangement which detects a vibration of at least one roll. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating a calender with a plurality of rollers, which are pressed against each other in a roll stack, wherein determined at least one roller oscillations.
  • a calender which is provided for treating a paper web.
  • the paper web is passed through the calender and pressurized in the nips, which are formed between adjacent calender rolls, and optionally at elevated temperature.
  • so-called "soft” rolls interact with "hard” rolls. In some positions, two “soft” rollers act together.
  • the soft rolls are in this case covered with a plastic covering which is more flexible than the surface of the hard rolls.
  • the invention has for its object to reduce the barring formation.
  • At least one roller has a controllable magnetic field generating device which generates a force acting on another roller magnetic field in response to signals of the sensor array.
  • a magnetic field acting on another roller generates forces between the roller provided with the magnetic field generating device and the other roller. These forces do not have to be overly large. It is therefore not essential to make these forces as large as they are necessary for pressurizing the web. With the magnetically induced forces but can vibrations to which the roller is exposed, influence. This influence can basically increase or decrease the vibrations of the roller. It is therefore additionally seen as a measure that the magnetic field generating device is controlled in response to signals of the sensor arrangement, which detects a vibration in the calender.
  • the application of a magnetic field to a roller is known per se from DE-C-195 07 828.
  • the magnetic field generating means is used to generate the forces required to pressurize the web. This is not required in the present invention as stated above.
  • the forces used to pressurize may be generated in a conventional manner, for example by means of hydraulic support elements provided in one or both end rollers of the roller stack.
  • the magnetic field generating device serves only to influence the vibration of the rollers to the effect that the barring formation is reduced or even prevented.
  • the magnetic field preferably acts on at least one neighboring roller.
  • the magnetic field generates forces between the rollers whose resultant is directed substantially in the press direction.
  • the press direction is the direction in which the rollers are pressed against each other.
  • the rollers are slightly offset with respect to a plane in which the axes of rotation of the two end rollers lie. For this reason, it is not necessary that the forces generated by the magnetic field are directed exactly parallel to this plane. Smaller deviations are possible.
  • the rollers an additional vibration is impressed, which has an essential component perpendicular to the plane. This keeps the load on the bearing assembly in the stator of the calender small. Nevertheless, a sufficient vibration damping is possible.
  • At least two rollers each have a magnetic field generating device. This results in further possibilities for damping vibrations that occur in the calender.
  • the magnetic field generating means are controllable in dependence on each other.
  • the magnetic field generating devices can be controlled in such a way that they simultaneously exert an attractive effect on one another in order to produce a correspondingly strong vibration excitation.
  • the two magnetic field generating devices can drive so that repel the magnetic fields. While the first mode of operation leads to a slight increase in the compressive stresses in the nip between the two rolls, the latter mode of operation leads to a slight decrease in the pressure in the nip. Both measures affect the treatment of the material web in the nip practically not or not appreciably. But they are well suited to positively influence the vibration behavior of the calender so that a barring formation is reduced.
  • the magnetic field generating means comprises a magnetic path having a component in the axial direction of the roller.
  • the magnetic field can thus close in the axial direction of the roller. This keeps small magnetic losses, which could arise through a larger air gap in the "return path" of the magnetic path.
  • the magnetic field generating means acts on a predetermined length of the roller which is shorter than the axial length of the roller.
  • a vibration damping also sufficient magnetic fields, which are relatively short in the axial direction.
  • a force application or a force impact on a region of the roller, which limits itself to a relatively short axial length nevertheless leads to a vibration influencing of the entire roller and thus to an influence of the vibration in the calender. Indeed requires a shorter magnetic field generating device even less electrical energy.
  • the magnetic field generating device is arranged in or on an intermediate roll.
  • Intermediate rollers generally have sufficient space inside to accommodate the magnetic field generating device in contrast to end rollers, which do not provide sufficient space for a magnetic field generating device due to hydraulic support elements in the rule.
  • the magnetic field generating device acts between roll neck. There is still sufficient space available in the rule, so that the magnetic field generating device can be positioned without impeding the functioning of the rollers or the calender in the rest.
  • the magnetic field generating means is disposed axially within bearings in which the roller is mounted.
  • This design has the advantage that the forces caused by the magnetic field generating device on the rollers are not damped by the bearing. Rather, the forces act directly on the rollers within a space bounded by the bearings, so that possible vibrations can be fought directly at the place of their formation.
  • the magnetic field generating means is disposed within a hollow roll shell.
  • the magnetic field generating device can be arranged there be where she works best. Magnetic losses are kept short.
  • the magnetic field generating device which is usually designed as an electromagnet, can be easily supplied, since a rotary feedthrough for electrical leads is well known.
  • the magnetic field generating device preferably has its influencing maximum at at least one position at which a natural oscillation of the roller has a vibration antinode.
  • a magnetic field generating device is provided for each antinode. This can be the best damping effects.
  • the object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned in that by means of a magnetic field Additional forces between rollers generated as a function of the determined vibrations.
  • the additional forces are allowed to act directly on the rollers.
  • the additional forces are therefore not introduced via one or more bearings in the rollers.
  • rolling bearings allow vibration initiation only up to a frequency of about 200 to 250 Hz. Frequency wise beyond Schwingungsbeaufschlagonne be damped too much by a rolling bearing. If, on the other hand, the additional forces are allowed to act directly on the rollers, bypassing the bearings, because the additional forces are generated, as it were, on the roller-side side of the bearings, then higher-frequency forces can be acted upon by the rollers and, accordingly, higher-frequency vibrations can be counteracted.
  • the additional forces are allowed to act in a press plane.
  • the vibrations are then eliminated mainly in the press plane.
  • positional loads are kept low perpendicular to the press plane.
  • the additional forces are allowed to act as a function of the pressure-increasing or pressure-reducing vibrations in a nip. It is therefore not dependent on exerting by the magnetic or the magnetic attraction of adjacent rolls.
  • the adjacent rollers can also repel, if this is favorable for a damping of the vibrations.
  • the additional forces are generated where a vibration of a natural oscillation of the roller is to be expected.
  • at least the position of the antinodes of the natural vibrations of the roller can be determined in advance with a relatively high reliability. If one lets the additional forces act where the vibration amplitude of the natural vibration is greater, then the damping effect is strongest.
  • a calender 1 shown only schematically has a roll stack of five rolls 2-6, of which at least one roll carries an elastic cover.
  • the rolls 2, 4, 6 are elastic rolls, i. designed as rollers with an elastic coating. This is not shown in detail.
  • the two end rollers 2, 6 are designed as deflection adjustment rollers, ie they have schematically illustrated hydrostatic or hydrodynamic support elements 7, 8, which generate mutually directed forces. These forces in turn lead to pressures in the nips 9-12, through which a material web, not shown, for example, a paper web, can be performed to be subjected to elevated pressures there.
  • the calender 1 may further be provided with heat rollers, which are not shown in detail.
  • the two upper center rolls 3, 4 are formed as hollow rolls, i. the roller 3 has a roll shell 13, which is supported by bearings 15, 16 on a support 19.
  • the roller 4 has a roll shell 14, which is supported on a support 20 via bearings 17, 18.
  • a Switzerland generating device 21 is provided in the form of an electromagnet.
  • the magnetic field generating means 21 to a first electromagnet 21 a and a second electromagnet 21 b, which are axially offset (relative to the axial direction of the roller 3) to each other and are excited opposite to each other.
  • the magnetic path 22 passes through the carrier 19 and the two electromagnets 21a, 21b.
  • measures can be provided in a manner not shown in order to prevent a magnetic short circuit. This may be e.g. to act "air gap" inserts of magnetically non-conductive material.
  • the roller 4 has a magnetic field generating device 23 which has two axially offset electromagnets 23a, 23b, which are also flowed through in opposite directions and form a magnetic circuit 24, which closes by the carrier 20.
  • vibration sensors 25 are arranged, which are connected to a control device 26.
  • the control device 26 now controls, based on the signals of the vibration sensors 25, the magnetic field generating means 21, 23 so that these magnetic field generating means 21, 23 generate magnetic fields and associated forces between the rollers 3, 4, which leads to a weakening or even to a Eliminate the vibrations in the calender lead.
  • the magnetic field generating means 21, 23 are both operated so that the two rollers 3, 4 are attracted to each other. In this case, the line load in nip 10 is increased slightly.
  • the magnetic field generating means 21, 23 but can also be operated so that the rollers 3, 4 repel. In this case, the line load in the nip 10 is lowered slightly.
  • the magnetic field generating means 21, 23 are fed by the control means 26 with electric currents. By controlling the currents one is able to generate alternating magnetic fields, whereby the magnetic fields can certainly oscillate in higher frequency ranges.
  • this "higher frequency” refers to the operating frequency of the calender 1 and the rotational speeds of the rollers 2-6.
  • the frequencies of the magnetic fields can therefore be in the range of 100 to 3000 Hz, so they are still manageable.
  • the stationary magnetic field generating means 21, 23 can also provide magnetic field generating means which rotate in a manner not shown together with the rollers 3, 4.
  • the magnetic field generating devices distributed in the circumferential direction a plurality of electromagnets, which are then driven not only in response to the vibrations which are determined via the vibration sensors 25, but also in dependence on their instantaneous rotational angular position with respect to the adjacent roller.
  • these magnetic field generating devices should then be controlled so that the magnetic fields and the forces generated thereby act substantially in the press direction, ie parallel to a plane that connects the axes of rotation of the two end rollers 2, 6 together.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show a further embodiment of a calender in which a magnetic field generating device 21 is arranged between rollers 3, 4. This embodiment can be used alone or in combination with the magnetic field generating device shown in Figs. 1 and 2 are used.
  • the magnetic field generating device 21 acts on roll necks 30, 31 of the intermediate rolls 3, 4, the roll necks 30, 31 being mounted in supports 34, 35 via rolling bearings 32, 33.
  • the carrier 34, 35 may be arranged in a manner not shown, but known per se via levers in the framing of a calender.
  • the magnetic field generating device 21 now acts axially within the roller bearings 32, 33 on the rollers 3, 4.
  • the magnetic field generating device 21 may be connected to the carrier 34 of the upper intermediate roller 3 via a holder 36. So it remains when lowering the lower roller 4 in relative proximity to the roll neck 30 of the upper roller 3 and then takes a distance to the roll neck 31 of the lower roller 4 a.
  • the magnetic field generating device 21 is shown only schematically in FIG. 3. Their magnetic field 37 is guided by a schematically illustrated yoke 38, which extends with pole pieces 39, 40 into the immediate vicinity of the pins 30, 31.
  • the magnetic field generating means 21 when the magnetic field generating means 21 is energized, it generates a magnetic field which either attracts or repels the roll pins 30, 31 from each other.
  • the rollers 3, 4 realize, which can be controlled so that vibrations, which form in the calender, be combated.
  • the vibration sensors required for this purpose are not shown in detail in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the magnetic field generating means 21, 23 so that their maximum action is where the antinodes of the natural frequencies of the rollers 3, 4 or one of the rollers 3, 4 are to be expected. There is then the damping effect of the magnetic field generating means 21, 23 largest.
  • the antinodes of natural vibration the corresponding roller 3, 4 can be calculated in advance with the necessary accuracy or simply estimate.

Landscapes

  • Paper (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Calandre comprenant plusieurs cylindres (3, 4) disposés dans un empilement de cylindres et un agencement de capteurs (25) qui détecte une oscillation d'au moins un cylindre (3, 4), caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un cylindre (3, 4) présente un dispositif de génération d'un champ magnétique commandable (21, 23), qui produit un champ magnétique agissant sur un autre cylindre (4, 3) en fonction de signaux de l'agencement de capteurs (25).
  2. Calandre selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le champ magnétique agit sur au moins un cylindre voisin (3, 4).
  3. Calandre selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le champ magnétique produit des forces entre les cylindres (3, 4), dont la résultante est orientée essentiellement dans la direction de pressage.
  4. Calandre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins deux cylindres (3, 4) présentent à chaque fois un dispositif de génération d'un champ magnétique (21, 23).
  5. Calandre selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que les dispositifs de génération de champ magnétique (21, 23) peuvent être commandés l'un en fonction de l'autre.
  6. Calandre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de génération de champ magnétique (21, 23) présente un chemin magnétique (22, 24) qui présente une composante dans la direction axiale du cylindre (3, 4).
  7. Calandre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de génération de champ magnétique (21, 23) agit sur une longueur prédéfinie du cylindre (3, 4) qui est plus courte que la longueur axiale du cylindre (3, 4).
  8. Calandre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de génération de champ magnétique (21, 23) est disposé dans ou sur un cylindre intermédiaire (3, 4).
  9. Calandre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de génération de champ magnétique (21) agit entre des mandrins de cylindre (30, 31).
  10. Calandre selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de génération de champ magnétique (21) est disposé axialement à l'intérieur de paliers (32, 33) dans lesquels le cylindre (3, 4) est monté.
  11. Calandre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de génération de champ magnétique (21, 23) est disposé à l'intérieur d'une enveloppe de cylindre creuse (13, 14).
  12. Calandre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de génération de champ magnétique (21, 23) présente son influence maximale au niveau d'au moins une position à laquelle une oscillation propre au cylindre (3, 4) présente un ventre d'oscillation.
  13. Calandre selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que pour chaque ventre d'oscillation, on prévoit un dispositif de génération de champ magnétique (21, 23).
  14. Procédé pour faire fonctionner une calandre comprenant plusieurs cylindres (3, 4), qui sont pressés les uns contre les autres dans un empilement de cylindres, dans lequel on détecte des oscillations au niveau d'au moins un cylindre (3, 4), caractérisé en ce que l'on produit à l'aide d'un champ magnétique des forces supplémentaires entre les cylindres (3, 4) en fonction des oscillations détectées.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que l'on fait agir les forces supplémentaires directement sur les cylindres (3, 4).
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 14 ou 15,
    caractérisé en ce que l'on fait agir les forces supplémentaires entre des cylindres adjacents (3, 4).
  17. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 16, caractérisé en ce que l'on fait agir les forces supplémentaires dans un plan de pressage.
  18. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 17, caractérisé en ce que l'on fait agir les forces supplémentaires en fonction des oscillations en augmentant la pression ou en la diminuant dans une ligne de contact (10).
  19. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 18, caractérisé en ce que l'on produit les forces supplémentaires là où on s'attend à un ventre d'oscillation d'une oscillation propre au cylindre (3, 4).
EP03009655A 2002-05-16 2003-04-30 Calandre et procédé pour le fonctionnement d' un calandre Expired - Fee Related EP1371776B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2002121680 DE10221680C1 (de) 2002-05-16 2002-05-16 Kalander und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kalanders
DE10221680 2002-05-16

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1371776A2 EP1371776A2 (fr) 2003-12-17
EP1371776A3 EP1371776A3 (fr) 2005-02-02
EP1371776B1 true EP1371776B1 (fr) 2006-12-13

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EP03009655A Expired - Fee Related EP1371776B1 (fr) 2002-05-16 2003-04-30 Calandre et procédé pour le fonctionnement d' un calandre

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EP (1) EP1371776B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10221680C1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010094834A1 (fr) * 2009-02-20 2010-08-26 Metso Paper, Inc. Agencement pour amortissement de vibration dans une machine à toile fibreuse

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI119519B (fi) 2007-06-27 2008-12-15 Metso Paper Inc Paperikoneen tela ja värähtelyn vaimennin
DE102007041725A1 (de) 2007-09-04 2009-03-05 Voith Patent Gmbh Kalander und Kalanderzwischenwalze
DE102008026344A1 (de) 2008-05-31 2009-12-03 Voith Patent Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kalanders und Kalander

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19507828C1 (de) * 1995-02-22 1996-03-28 Rindfleisch Hans Jochen Dr Ing Elektromagnetische Walzenanordnung zur Erzeugung eines Preßdrucks für die Behandlung von bahnförmigen Materialien
DE10008800B4 (de) * 2000-02-25 2005-10-27 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Kalanderwalze und Kalanderwalze

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010094834A1 (fr) * 2009-02-20 2010-08-26 Metso Paper, Inc. Agencement pour amortissement de vibration dans une machine à toile fibreuse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1371776A3 (fr) 2005-02-02
DE50305932D1 (de) 2007-01-25
EP1371776A2 (fr) 2003-12-17
DE10221680C1 (de) 2003-10-09

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