EP1363300B1 - Circuit breaker for high currents and low voltage - Google Patents

Circuit breaker for high currents and low voltage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1363300B1
EP1363300B1 EP20030010745 EP03010745A EP1363300B1 EP 1363300 B1 EP1363300 B1 EP 1363300B1 EP 20030010745 EP20030010745 EP 20030010745 EP 03010745 A EP03010745 A EP 03010745A EP 1363300 B1 EP1363300 B1 EP 1363300B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
circuit breaker
actuating mechanism
breaker according
articulated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP20030010745
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1363300A2 (en
EP1363300A3 (en
Inventor
Gregor Fleitmann
Uwe Linzenich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eaton Industries GmbH
Original Assignee
Moeller GmbH
Kloeckner Moeller GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1363300A2 publication Critical patent/EP1363300A2/en
Publication of EP1363300A3 publication Critical patent/EP1363300A3/en
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Publication of EP1363300B1 publication Critical patent/EP1363300B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/22—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact
    • H01H1/221—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact and a contact pressure spring acting between the pivoted member and a supporting member
    • H01H1/226—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact and a contact pressure spring acting between the pivoted member and a supporting member having a plurality of parallel contact bars
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/58—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals
    • H01H1/5822—Flexible connections between movable contact and terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1009—Interconnected mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/02—Housings; Casings; Bases; Mountings
    • H01H2071/0292—Housing or frames containing grooves or slots for guiding movable parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit breaker for high currents and low voltage according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a housing made of insulating molding material consists of a lower part and of a shell to be screwed onto this and is divided by parallel inner partition walls into a plurality of adjacent pole spaces.
  • An actuating mechanism, a number of contact units corresponding to the number of poles of the circuit breaker and operable by the actuating mechanism, associated and outgoing connection means and trigger means for automatically opening the contact units when adjustable boundary conditions are exceeded by the currents flowing through the contact units are stored in the lower part and fixed there partly.
  • Each pole space has a stationary contact connected to the bottom part and a plurality of movable contact fingers arranged in parallel.
  • the movable contact fingers are limited against the action of contact springs stored in a U-shaped metallic contact holder.
  • the contact holder of all poles are screwed with a transverse to the pole spaces extending connecting web.
  • the connecting bridge consists of a plastic-coated rod-like steel core and is rotatably mounted between the lower part and upper part. For this purpose, corresponding bearing points are formed in the intermediate walls.
  • On the connecting web shielding segments are formed, which engage in insulating deep grooves, which connect to provided for the connecting web recesses in the intermediate walls.
  • the contact holder of the middle pole is pivotally connected to lower toggle levers of a toggle lever system belonging to the actuating mechanism.
  • the actuating mechanism also has an actuating lever, a force accumulator, a locking and unlockable support lever and a latching mechanism operatively connected to the triggering means.
  • the actuating mechanism is mounted between two side panels, which in turn are mounted in the lower part.
  • the contact fingers take against the fixed contacts an open or closed-Ge Position.
  • the contact fingers are connected in the opposite direction from the fixed contacts and beyond their bearing axis in the contact holders, each with a flexible connecting conductor which extends below the connecting web and is connected at the other end with a fixed busbar.
  • a disadvantage of this solution is that in the interaction of the metallic contact holder with the metallic actuating mechanism and the connecting web there is a considerable risk of electrical voltage carryover between the pole spaces or the contact units. Furthermore, due to the nature of the coupling of the contact units with the actuating mechanism and due to their axis of rotation defined by the connecting bridge only a moderate compromise between the opening angle of the contact units, the power transmission from the actuating mechanism to the contact holder and the opening and closing speed of the contact units can be obtained. Due to their arrangement and length during switching operations, the flexible connection conductors are considerably compressed or stretched, so that the connection conductors are both exposed to wear that is not negligible and also exert considerable forces on the contact fingers and thus adversely affect their dynamics during switching operations.
  • One after US Pat. No. 4,866,225 known three-pole circuit breaker has a transverse connecting web, which contains a partially formed with insulating rod-like metal stiffener which is offset from contact pressure means. Made of insulating contact holder are integrally connected to the insulating parts of the connecting web. In each case between two polar spaces arranged connecting links are on the one hand rigidly connected to the metal reinforcement and on the other hand hingedly connected to an actuating mechanism. The metal connections to the metal reinforcement there is a risk of voltage carryover to the actuating mechanism.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide an improved contact holder-connecting web arrangement.
  • an electrical voltage-free actuating mechanism can advantageously be combined with the contact system to form a compact design, wherein electrical voltage carryover via the metallic actuating mechanism is avoided.
  • This makes it possible to realize the largest possible creepage and clearance distances between the individual pole spaces and between them and the operating elements connected to the actuating mechanism, which advantageously has an effect, in particular at the upper limit of the low voltage, ie at 1000 V.
  • the geometric position of the pivot axis of the contact holder can be fixed independently of the current paths. Due to their optimal guidance in extension to said pivot axis experience the flexible connection conductor - i. Gen.
  • the favorable position of said pivot axis and the compact design of the connecting web allow a quasi-direct power transmission from the support lever of the actuating mechanism, ie over the short path from the one end mounted in the support lever and connected to the other end with the retaining plate and almost stretched toggle lever system on the moving parts of the contact system. This allows relatively short opening times of the contact system when the circuit breaker is triggered.
  • the side panels may be formed in the usual way as sheets. As side panels but can also serve the intermediate walls.
  • a development of the invention consists in the advantageous embodiment of the retaining plate.
  • the retaining plate has a sufficient rigidity by a U-shaped design.
  • the direct connection of the retaining plate with the connecting web has a positive effect on the torsional rigidity of the moving parts of the contact units.
  • For a favorable torque transfer from the toggle lever system of the actuating mechanism to the contact units are lower toggle approximately in the middle between the attachment to the connecting web and the storage in the side panels hinged.
  • the bearings are space-saving realized by rivet joints.
  • the forces to be absorbed by lateral simple support tabs increase the flexural rigidity of the moving parts of the contact units. This advantage has an effect especially on circuit breakers with more than three poles.
  • the moving parts of the contact system are additionally intercepted in this way at the two lateral ends in order to provide the design with the greatest possible stability.
  • the support tabs also need for pivoting no continuous, mounted in the lower part pivot axis.
  • the pivotable mounting of the support tabs is preferably carried out on space-saving rivet joints, which are connected to the base defined support angles.
  • the high-voltage three-pole low-voltage circuit breaker is surrounded by a molded case, of which in Fig. 1 only the lower part 2 is shown.
  • the lateral outer walls 4 and the two intermediate walls 5 serve for lateral delimitation of three parallel polar spaces 6 to 8.
  • the polar spaces 6 to 8 are associated with contact units 9, 10 and 11.
  • Each contact unit 9, 10, 11 consists of a defined in the lower part 2 fixed contact 16, a plurality of parallel movable contact fingers 18 and an arc extinguishing unit 20.
  • the belonging to a contact unit 9, 10 and 11 contact fingers 18 are by means of a pivot axis 22 in a U -shaped contact holder 24 limited pivotally mounted and are based in a known manner against contact pressure springs 26 off.
  • the fixed contacts 16 are connected via first bus bars 12 to first terminals 14.
  • the contact fingers 18 are connected via flexible connecting conductors 17 with second busbars 13, to which connect second terminals, not shown.
  • the actuating mechanism 30 includes an actuating lever 32, via which the circuit breaker is externally operable.
  • the actuating mechanism 30 further comprises a toggle lever system 34 and is triggered via release means, not shown.
  • the structure and operation of such a conventional actuating mechanism 30 is from the aforementioned EP 0 206 882 B1 to see.
  • the toggle mechanism 34 is connected to a spring force accumulator and has an upper toggle lever and two via a toggle lever axis connected thereto lower toggle lever 36.
  • the contact holder 24 of all contact units 9 to 11 are interconnected.
  • the contact holder 24 and the connecting web 38 have been made in one piece of insulating molding material, wherein a likewise transverse rod-like steel core 40 has been overmolded.
  • the above the contact pressure springs 26 extending steel core 40 gives the existing of the three contact holders 24 and the connecting web 38 movable system sufficient rigidity against both bending and torsion.
  • a U-shaped retaining plate 42 engages with its center leg 44 and its two outer legs 46, the contact holder 24 of the central contact unit 10 and is screwed immovably at its pointing to the arc extinguishing 20 end via two bends 48 with the connecting web 38.
  • the outer legs 46 are pivotally mounted in the side panels 28 via a respective bearing point 50 designed as a riveting joint.
  • the holding plate 42 is in its middle region with its outer legs 46 also via rivet-shaped joints 52 connected to the lower knee levers 36.
  • connection conductors 17 extend approximately in a plane which encloses the connection points of the connection conductors 17 with the contact fingers 18 and the pivot axis 51, so that the connection points of the connection conductors 17 with the second conductor rails 13 are also approximately in this plane.
  • the connecting conductors 17 have a relatively small length, are exposed to switching operations only small compression and expansion movements and thus low internal friction and exert relatively low forces and torques on the contact fingers 18.
  • 5 elongated recesses 54 are provided for the connecting web 38 in the intermediate walls.
  • the consisting of the contact holders 24 and the connecting web 38 molded part further includes four Abnesegmente 56 and 57, which extend in pairs and in close proximity to both sides of the intermediate walls 5.
  • support tabs 60 of sheet metal are fixed immovably to the outer sides of the contact holders 24 belonging to the two outer contact units 9 and 11 small distance to the outer walls 4 extending in the lower part 2 are pivotally mounted.
  • an articulated rivet connection 62 connects one of the support tabs 60, each with a support bracket 64.
  • the support bracket 64 are fixed in the lower part 2 characterized in that they are screwed when screwing the second busbars 13 in the lower part 3 between a set back in the associated busbar 13 gradation 66 and the Floor 3 have been determined positive and positive.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Leistungsschalter für hohe Ströme und Niederspannung nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a circuit breaker for high currents and low voltage according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der Druckschrift EP 0 206 882 B1 ist ein Leistungsschalter bekannt. Ein Gehäuse aus isolierendem Formstoff besteht aus einem Unterteil und aus einem auf diesem aufzuschraubenden Oberteil und ist durch parallel verlaufende innere Zwischenwände in mehrere nebeneinander liegende Polräume aufgeteilt. Ein Betätigungsmechanismus, eine der Polzahl des Leistungsschalters entsprechende und durch den Betätigungsmechanismus betätigbare Anzahl von Kontakteinheiten, zugehörige Lichtbogenlöscheinheiten, zu- und abgehende Anschlussmittel sowie Auslösemittel zum automatischen Öffnen der Kontakteinheiten beim Überschreiten einstellbarer Grenzbedingungen durch die über die Kontakteinheiten fließenden Ströme sind in dem Unterteil gelagert und dort zum Teil befestigt. Jeder Polraum weist einen mit dem Bodenteil verbundenen feststehenden Kontakt und mehrere parallel angeordnete bewegliche Kontaktfinger auf. Die beweglichen Kontaktfinger sind gegen die Wirkung von Kontaktdruckfedern begrenzt in einem U-förmigen metallischen Kontakthalter gelagert. In abgewandter Richtung von den Kontaktdruckfedern sind die Kontakthalter aller Pole mit einem quer über die Polräume sich erstreckenden Verbindungssteg verschraubt. Der Verbindungssteg besteht aus einem mit Kunststoff umspritzten stangenartigen Stahlkern und ist zwischen Unterteil und Oberteil drehbar gelagert. Dazu sind in den Zwischenwänden entsprechende Lagerstellen ausgeformt. An dem Verbindungssteg sind Abschirmsegmente angeformt, die isolierend in tiefe Nuten greifen, die sich an für den Verbindungssteg vorgesehenen Aussparungen in den Zwischenwänden anschließen. Der Kontakthalter des mittleren Pols ist gelenkig mit unteren Kniehebeln eines zu dem Betätigungsmechanismus gehörenden Kniehebelsystems verbunden. Der Betätigungsmechanismus weist außer dem Kniehebelsystem noch einen Betätigungshebel, einen Kraftspeicher, einen ver- und entklinkbaren Stützhebel und einen mit den Auslösemittel in Wirkverbindung stehenden Verklinkungsmechanismus auf. Der Betätigungsmechanismus ist zwischen zwei Seitenblenden gelagert, die ihrerseits im Unterteil befestigt sind. Mittels des Betätigungsmechanismus nehmen die Kontaktfinger gegenüber den feststehenden Kontakten eine geöffnete bzw. ge-Schlossene Stellung ein. Die Kontaktfinger sind in abgewandter Richtung von den Festkontakten und jenseits ihrer Lagerachse in den Kontakthaltern mit je einem flexiblen Verbindungsleiter verbunden, der unterhalb des Verbindungssteges verläuft und am anderen Ende mit einer festliegenden Stromschiene verbunden ist.From the publication EP 0 206 882 B1 is a circuit breaker known. A housing made of insulating molding material consists of a lower part and of a shell to be screwed onto this and is divided by parallel inner partition walls into a plurality of adjacent pole spaces. An actuating mechanism, a number of contact units corresponding to the number of poles of the circuit breaker and operable by the actuating mechanism, associated and outgoing connection means and trigger means for automatically opening the contact units when adjustable boundary conditions are exceeded by the currents flowing through the contact units are stored in the lower part and fixed there partly. Each pole space has a stationary contact connected to the bottom part and a plurality of movable contact fingers arranged in parallel. The movable contact fingers are limited against the action of contact springs stored in a U-shaped metallic contact holder. In the opposite direction of the contact pressure springs, the contact holder of all poles are screwed with a transverse to the pole spaces extending connecting web. The connecting bridge consists of a plastic-coated rod-like steel core and is rotatably mounted between the lower part and upper part. For this purpose, corresponding bearing points are formed in the intermediate walls. On the connecting web shielding segments are formed, which engage in insulating deep grooves, which connect to provided for the connecting web recesses in the intermediate walls. The contact holder of the middle pole is pivotally connected to lower toggle levers of a toggle lever system belonging to the actuating mechanism. In addition to the toggle lever system, the actuating mechanism also has an actuating lever, a force accumulator, a locking and unlockable support lever and a latching mechanism operatively connected to the triggering means. The actuating mechanism is mounted between two side panels, which in turn are mounted in the lower part. By means of the actuating mechanism, the contact fingers take against the fixed contacts an open or closed-Ge Position. The contact fingers are connected in the opposite direction from the fixed contacts and beyond their bearing axis in the contact holders, each with a flexible connecting conductor which extends below the connecting web and is connected at the other end with a fixed busbar.

Ein Nachteil dieser Lösung besteht darin, dass im Zusammenwirken der metallischen Kontakthalter mit dem metallischen Betätigungsmechanismus und dem Verbindungssteg eine nicht unerhebliche Gefahr einer elektrischen Spannungsverschleppung zwischen den Polräumen bzw. den Kontakteinheiten besteht. Weiterhin kann infolge der Art der Kopplung der Kontakteinheiten mit dem Betätigungsmechanismus und infolge ihrer durch den Verbindungssteg festgelegten Drehachse nur ein mäßiger Kompromiss zwischen dem Öffnungswinkel der Kontakteinheiten, der Kraftübertragung vom Betätigungsmechanismus auf die Kontakthalter sowie der Öffnungs- und der Schließgeschwindigkeit der Kontakteinheiten erlangt werden. Die flexiblen Verbindungsleiter werden bedingt durch ihre Anordnung und Länge bei Schaltvorgängen erheblich gestaucht bzw. gedehnt, sodass die Verbindungsleiter sowohl einem nicht zu vernachlässigenden Verschleiß ausgesetzt sind als auch erhebliche Kräfte auf die Kontaktfinger ausüben und damit deren Dynamik bei Schaltvorgängen nachteilig beeinflussen.A disadvantage of this solution is that in the interaction of the metallic contact holder with the metallic actuating mechanism and the connecting web there is a considerable risk of electrical voltage carryover between the pole spaces or the contact units. Furthermore, due to the nature of the coupling of the contact units with the actuating mechanism and due to their axis of rotation defined by the connecting bridge only a moderate compromise between the opening angle of the contact units, the power transmission from the actuating mechanism to the contact holder and the opening and closing speed of the contact units can be obtained. Due to their arrangement and length during switching operations, the flexible connection conductors are considerably compressed or stretched, so that the connection conductors are both exposed to wear that is not negligible and also exert considerable forces on the contact fingers and thus adversely affect their dynamics during switching operations.

Aus der Druckschrift US 4 849 589 A ist ein gattungsgemäßer dreipoliger Leistungsschalter bekannt. Ein aus massivem Isolierstoff geformter querliegenden Verbindungssteg verläuft oberhalb eines Teils von Kontaktdruckfedern, während ein anderer Teil von Kontaktdruckfedern demgegenüber versetzt angeordnet ist. Metallische Kontakthalter sind über U-förmige Metallklammern mit dem Verbindungssteg verbunden. Der Kontakthalter des mittleren Polraums ist mit einem Betätigungsmechanismus gelenkig gekoppelt. Alle Kontakthalter sind in einem Gehäuseunterteil schwenkbar gelagert. Die Kontaktfinger mit festliegenden Stromschienen verbindende flexible Verbindungsleiter sind um die Schwenkachsen der Kontakthalter herum geführt. Die metallischen Kontakthalter. Ein Nachteil dieser Lösung besteht darin, dass im Zusammenwirken der metallischen Kontakthalter mit dem metallischen Betätigungsmechanismus wiederum eine nicht unerhebliche Gefahr einer elektrischen Spannungsverschleppung zwischen den Polräumen bzw. den Kontakteinheiten besteht. Infolge der von dem Betätigungsmechanismus abgekoppelten Lagerung der Kontakthalter besteht eine nachteilige Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Toleranzen der Einbaulage des Betätigungsmechanismus, der Lagerung der Kontakthalter sowie der gelenkigen Kopplung zwischen Betätigungsmechanismus und mittlerem Kontakthalter unterein-ander. Die bei der erstgenannten Lösung mit der Anordnung der flexiblen Verbindungsleiter verbundenen Nachteile treten auch hier auf.From the publication US 4,849,589 A is a generic three-pole circuit breaker known. A formed of solid insulating transverse connecting web extends above a portion of contact pressure springs, while another part of contact pressure springs is arranged offset. Metallic contact holders are connected via U-shaped metal brackets with the connecting web. The contact holder of the middle pole space is pivotally coupled to an actuating mechanism. All contact holders are pivotally mounted in a lower housing part. The contact fingers with fixed busbars connecting flexible connection conductors are guided around the pivot axes of the contact holder around. The metallic contact holder. A disadvantage of this solution is that the interaction of the metallic contact holder with the metallic actuating mechanism in turn there is a considerable risk of electrical voltage carryover between the pole spaces or the contact units. As a result of the decoupled from the actuating mechanism storage of the contact holder is a disadvantageous sensitivity to tolerances of the installation position of the actuating mechanism, the storage of the contact holder and the articulated coupling between the actuating mechanism and middle contact holder with each other. The disadvantages associated with the arrangement of the flexible connecting conductors in the first-mentioned solution also occur here.

Ein nach US 4 866 225 A bekannter dreipoliger Leistungsschalter weist einen querliegenden Verbindungssteg auf, der eine mit Isolierstoff teilweise umformte stangenartige Metallversteifung enthält, der versetzt gegenüber Kontaktdruckmitteln verläuft. Aus Isolierstoff bestehende Kontakthalter sind einstückig mit den isolierenden Teilen des Verbindungsstegs verbunden. Jeweils zwischen zwei Polräumen angeordnete Verbindungsglieder sind einerseits starr mit der Metallversteifung und anderseits gelenkig mit einem Betätigungsmechanismus verbunden. Über die metallischen Verbindungen zur Metallversteifung besteht die Gefahr von Spannungsverschleppungen zum Betätigungsmechanismus. Diese Lösung erfordert eine vom Betätigungsmechanismus abgekoppelte Lagerung des Verbindungssteges, wodurch hier eine nachteilige Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Toleranzen der Einbaulage des Betätigungsmechanismus, der Lagerung des Verbindungsstegs sowie der gelenkigen Kopplung zwischen Betätigungsmechanismus und Verbindungssteg untereinander besteht.One after US Pat. No. 4,866,225 known three-pole circuit breaker has a transverse connecting web, which contains a partially formed with insulating rod-like metal stiffener which is offset from contact pressure means. Made of insulating contact holder are integrally connected to the insulating parts of the connecting web. In each case between two polar spaces arranged connecting links are on the one hand rigidly connected to the metal reinforcement and on the other hand hingedly connected to an actuating mechanism. The metal connections to the metal reinforcement there is a risk of voltage carryover to the actuating mechanism. This solution requires a decoupled from the actuating mechanism mounting of the connecting web, whereby here is a disadvantageous sensitivity to tolerances of the mounting position of the actuating mechanism, the storage of the connecting web and the articulated coupling between the actuating mechanism and connecting web with each other.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine verbesserte Kontakthalter-Verbindungssteg-Anordnung zu schaffen.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide an improved contact holder-connecting web arrangement.

Ausgehend von einem Leistungsschalter der eingangs genannten Art wird die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des unabhängigen Anspruches gelöst, während den abhängigen Ansprüchen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung zu entnehmen sind.Starting from a circuit breaker of the type mentioned, the object is achieved by the features of the independent claim, while the dependent claims advantageous developments of the invention can be seen.

Durch die Anordnung des Stahlkerns direkt oberhalb der Kontaktdruckfedern ist die Verformung des Verbindungssteges sehr gering, da sie lediglich auf Biegung und nicht wie bei einer Torsionswelle mit langen Hebelarmen auf Verdrehung belastet wird, wobei die Schwenkachse in einfacher Weise durch das in den Seitenblenden des Betätigungsmechanismus gelagerte Halteblech bestimmt wird. Dadurch wird trotz der vorteilhaften einstückigen Formgebung von Kontakthaltern und Verbindungssteg die Übertragung hoher Kontaktkräfte bei einer geringen zulässigen Verformung der beweglichen Teile der Kontakteinheiten verbessert. Durch die Lagerung des Halteblechs und damit der beweglichen Teile des Kontaktsystems in den Seitenblenden des Betätigungsmechanismus besteht keine quer durch das Gehäuse verlaufende Lagerachse für diese beweglichen Teile. Dadurch lässt sich in vorteilhafter Weise ein von elektrischer Spannung freier Betätigungsmechanismus mit dem Kontaktsystem zu einer kompakten Bauweise kombinieren, wobei eine elektrische Spannungsverschleppung über den metallischen Betätigungsmechanismus vermieden wird. Damit lassen sich möglichst große Luft- und Kriechstrecken zwischen den einzelnen Polräumen und zwischen diesen und den mit dem Betätigungsmechanismus verbundenen Bedienelementen realisieren, was sich mit Vorteil insbesondere an der oberen Grenze der Niederspannung, d.h. bei 1000 V, auswirkt. Die geometrische Lage der Schwenkachse der Kontakthalter ist unabhängig von den Strombahnen festlegbar. Durch ihre optimale Führung in Verlängerung zu der genannten Schwenkachse erfahren die flexiblen Verbindungsleiter - i. Allg. Litzenleiter - während der Schaltvorgänge nur eine geringe Relativbewegung und können deutlich kürzer ausgeführt werden, wobei gleichzeitig eine große Öffnungsstrecke zwischen den feststehenden Kontakten und den Kontaktfingern verwirklicht werden kann. Die erheblich verringerte Relativbewegung der Verbindungsleiter verringert deren Stauchung bzw. Dehnung. Das hat einerseits einen geringeren Verschleiß der Verbindungsleiter und anderseits eine geringere Kraftbeaufschlagung der Kontaktfinger durch die Verbindungsleiter zur Folge, was zu einer verbesserten Schaltdynamik der Kontaktfinger führt. Die günstige Lage der genannten Schwenkachse und die kompakte Bauweise des Verbindungssteges erlauben eine quasi direkte Kraftübertragung vom Stützhebel des Betätigungsmechanismus, d.h. über den kurzen Weg von dem mit einem Ende im Stützhebel gelagerten und mit dem anderen Ende mit dem Halteblech verbundenen und fast gestreckten Kniehebelsystem, auf die beweglichen Teile des Kontaktsystems. Damit können relativ kurze Öffnungszeiten des Kontaktsystems beim Auslösen des Leistungsschalters erreicht werden. Die Seitenblenden können in üblicher Weise als Bleche ausgebildet sein. Als Seitenblenden können aber auch die Zwischenwände dienen.Due to the arrangement of the steel core directly above the contact pressure springs, the deformation of the connecting web is very low, as it is loaded only on bending and not as in a torsion shaft with long lever arms on rotation, wherein the pivot axis mounted in a simple manner by that in the side panels of the actuating mechanism Holding plate is determined. Thereby, despite the advantageous one-piece shaping of contact holders and connecting web, the transmission of high contact forces is improved with a small permissible deformation of the moving parts of the contact units. By the storage of the holding plate and thus the moving parts of the contact system in the side panels of the actuating mechanism does not extend transversely through the housing extending bearing axis for these moving parts. As a result, an electrical voltage-free actuating mechanism can advantageously be combined with the contact system to form a compact design, wherein electrical voltage carryover via the metallic actuating mechanism is avoided. This makes it possible to realize the largest possible creepage and clearance distances between the individual pole spaces and between them and the operating elements connected to the actuating mechanism, which advantageously has an effect, in particular at the upper limit of the low voltage, ie at 1000 V. The geometric position of the pivot axis of the contact holder can be fixed independently of the current paths. Due to their optimal guidance in extension to said pivot axis experience the flexible connection conductor - i. Gen. Stranded conductor - during the switching operations only a small relative movement and can be made significantly shorter, while a large opening distance between the fixed contacts and the contact fingers can be realized simultaneously. The considerably reduced relative movement of the connecting conductors reduces their compression or elongation. On the one hand, this results in less wear of the connecting conductors and, on the other hand, a lower application of force to the contact fingers by the connecting conductors, which leads to improved switching dynamics of the contact fingers. The favorable position of said pivot axis and the compact design of the connecting web allow a quasi-direct power transmission from the support lever of the actuating mechanism, ie over the short path from the one end mounted in the support lever and connected to the other end with the retaining plate and almost stretched toggle lever system on the moving parts of the contact system. This allows relatively short opening times of the contact system when the circuit breaker is triggered. The side panels may be formed in the usual way as sheets. As side panels but can also serve the intermediate walls.

Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung besteht in der vorteilhaften Ausbildung des Halteblechs. Das Halteblech besitzt durch eine U-förmige Ausbildung eine ausreichende Steifigkeit. Die direkte Verbindung des Halteblechs mit dem Verbindungssteg wirkt sich positiv auf die Verwindungssteifigkeit der beweglichen Teile der Kontakteinheiten aus. Für eine günstige Momentübertragung vom Kniehebelsystem des Betätigungsmechanismus auf die Kontakteinheiten sind untere Kniehebel etwa in der Mitte zwischen der Befestigung an dem Verbindungssteg und der Lagerung in den Seitenblenden angelenkt. In eine weiteren Fortbildung der Erfindung werden die Lagerstellen platzsparend durch Nietgelenke realisiert.A development of the invention consists in the advantageous embodiment of the retaining plate. The retaining plate has a sufficient rigidity by a U-shaped design. The direct connection of the retaining plate with the connecting web has a positive effect on the torsional rigidity of the moving parts of the contact units. For a favorable torque transfer from the toggle lever system of the actuating mechanism to the contact units are lower toggle approximately in the middle between the attachment to the connecting web and the storage in the side panels hinged. In a further development of the invention, the bearings are space-saving realized by rivet joints.

Die von seitlichen einfachen Stützlaschen aufzunehmenden Kräfte erhöhen die Biegesteifigkeit der beweglichen Teile der Kontakteinheiten. Dieser Vorteil wirkt sich insbesondere bei Leistungsschaltern mit mehr als drei Polen aus. Die beweglichen Teile des Kontaktsystems werden auf diese Weise an den beiden seitlichen Enden zusätzlich abgefangen, um der Konstruktion eine möglichst große Stabilität zu verschaffen. Die Stützlaschen benötigen zum Verschwenken ebenfalls keine durchgehende, im Unterteil gelagerte Schwenkachse. Die schwenkbare Lagerung der Stützlaschen erfolgt vorzugsweise über platzsparende Nietgelenke, die mit im Unterteil festgelegten Stützwinkeln verbunden sind.The forces to be absorbed by lateral simple support tabs increase the flexural rigidity of the moving parts of the contact units. This advantage has an effect especially on circuit breakers with more than three poles. The moving parts of the contact system are additionally intercepted in this way at the two lateral ends in order to provide the design with the greatest possible stability. The support tabs also need for pivoting no continuous, mounted in the lower part pivot axis. The pivotable mounting of the support tabs is preferably carried out on space-saving rivet joints, which are connected to the base defined support angles.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem folgenden, anhand von Figuren erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiel. Es zeigen

Figur 1:
einen erfindungsgemäßen dreipoligen Leistungsschalter bei abgenommenem Oberteil des Gehäuses und entferntem Betätigungsmechanismus in perspektivischer, im wesentlichen von der Frontseite gesehener Ansicht;
Figur 2:
eine perspektivische Teildarstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Leistungsschalters, gegenüber der Darstellung von Fig. 1 von unten links gesehen;
Figur 3:
eine weitere perspektivische Teildarstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Leistungsschalters, gegenüber der Darstellung von Fig. 1 von oben links gesehen.
Further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following, explained with reference to figures embodiment. Show it
FIG. 1:
a three-pole circuit breaker according to the invention with the upper part of the housing removed and remote actuating mechanism in perspective, seen substantially from the front view;
FIG. 2:
a partial perspective view of the circuit breaker according to the invention, compared to the representation of Fig. 1 seen from below left;
FIG. 3:
a further partial perspective view of the circuit breaker according to the invention, compared to the representation of Fig. 1 seen from top left.

Der für hohe Ströme ausgelegte dreipolige Niederspannungs-Leistungsschalter ist von einem Formgehäuse umgeben, von dem in Fig. 1 nur das Unterteil 2 dargestellt ist. Die seitlichen Außenwände 4 und die beiden Zwischenwände 5 dienen zur seitlichen Begrenzung von drei parallel verlaufenden Polräumen 6 bis 8. Den Polräumen 6 bis 8 sind Kontakteinheiten 9, 10 und 11 zugeordnet. Jede Kontakteinheit 9, 10, 11 besteht aus einem im Unterteil 2 festgelegten feststehenden Kontakt 16, mehreren parallel angeordneten beweglichen Kontaktfingern 18 sowie einer Lichtbogenlöscheinheit 20. Die zu einer Kontakteinheit 9, 10 bzw. 11 gehörenden Kontaktfinger 18 sind mittels einer Schwenkachse 22 in einem U-förmigen Kontakthalter 24 begrenzt schwenkbar gelagert und stützen sich in bekannter Weise gegen Kontaktdruckfedern 26 ab. Die feststehenden Kontakte 16 sind über erste Stromschienen 12 mit ersten Anschlussklemmen 14 verbunden. Die Kontaktfinger 18 sind über flexible Verbindungsleiter 17 mit zweiten Stromschienen 13 verbunden, an die sich nicht dargestellte zweiten Anschlussklemmen anschließen.The high-voltage three-pole low-voltage circuit breaker is surrounded by a molded case, of which in Fig. 1 only the lower part 2 is shown. The lateral outer walls 4 and the two intermediate walls 5 serve for lateral delimitation of three parallel polar spaces 6 to 8. The polar spaces 6 to 8 are associated with contact units 9, 10 and 11. Each contact unit 9, 10, 11 consists of a defined in the lower part 2 fixed contact 16, a plurality of parallel movable contact fingers 18 and an arc extinguishing unit 20. The belonging to a contact unit 9, 10 and 11 contact fingers 18 are by means of a pivot axis 22 in a U -shaped contact holder 24 limited pivotally mounted and are based in a known manner against contact pressure springs 26 off. The fixed contacts 16 are connected via first bus bars 12 to first terminals 14. The contact fingers 18 are connected via flexible connecting conductors 17 with second busbars 13, to which connect second terminals, not shown.

Am Boden 3 des Unterteils 2 sind zwei Seitenblenden 28 parallel beabstandet befestigt, welche die Kontakteinheit 10 des mittleren Pols umgreifen und zwischen denen ein Betätigungsmechanismus 30 beweglich lagert. Der Betätigungsmechanismus 30 enthält einen Betätigungshebel 32, über den der Leistungsschalter von außen bedienbar ist. Der Betätigungsmechanismus 30 weist weiterhin ein Kniehebelsystem 34 auf und ist über nicht dargestellte Auslösemittel auslösbar. Der Aufbau und die Wirkungsweise eines derart üblichen Betätigungsmechanismus 30 ist aus der eingangs genannten EP 0 206 882 B1 zu ersehen. Der Kniehebelmechanismus 34 ist mit einem Federkraftspeicher verbunden und weist einen oberen Kniehebel sowie zwei über eine Kniehebelachse mit diesen verbundene untere Kniehebel 36 auf.At the bottom 3 of the lower part 2, two side panels 28 are mounted in parallel spaced, which surround the contact unit 10 of the middle pole and between which an actuating mechanism 30 movably supports. The actuating mechanism 30 includes an actuating lever 32, via which the circuit breaker is externally operable. The actuating mechanism 30 further comprises a toggle lever system 34 and is triggered via release means, not shown. The structure and operation of such a conventional actuating mechanism 30 is from the aforementioned EP 0 206 882 B1 to see. The toggle mechanism 34 is connected to a spring force accumulator and has an upper toggle lever and two via a toggle lever axis connected thereto lower toggle lever 36.

Über einen querliegenden Verbindungssteg 38 sind die Kontakthalter 24 aller Kontakteinheiten 9 bis 11 miteinander verbunden. Die Kontakthalter 24 und der Verbindungssteg 38 sind in einem Stück aus isolierendem Formstoff hergestellt worden, wobei ein ebenfalls querliegender stangenartiger Stahlkern 40 umspritzt wurde. Der oberhalb der Kontaktdruckfedern 26 verlaufende Stahlkern 40 verleiht dem aus den drei Kontakthaltern 24 und dem Verbindungssteg 38 bestehenden beweglichen System eine ausreichende Steifigkeit sowohl gegen Verbiegung als auch gegen Verwindung. Ein U-förmiges Halteblech 42 umgreift mit seinem Mittelschenkel 44 und seinen beiden Außenschenkeln 46 den Kontakthalter 24 der mittleren Kontakteinheit 10 und ist an seinem zu der Lichtbogenlöscheinheit 20 weisenden Ende über zwei Abwinkelungen 48 mit dem Verbindungssteg 38 unbeweglich verschraubt. Am anderen Ende des Halteblechs 42 sind die Außenschenkel 46 über jeweils eine als Nietgelenk ausgeführte Lagerstelle 50 in den Seitenblenden 28 schwenkbar gelagert. Durch die Lagerstellen 50 verläuft die Schwenkachse 51 des Haltebleches 42. Um die Kontakteinheiten 9 bis 11 von einer geöffneten Stellung in eine geschlossene Stellung bzw. umgekehrt überführen zu können, ist das Halteblech 42 in seinem mittleren Bereich mit seinen Außenschenkeln 46 über ebenfalls nietenförmige Gelenke 52 mit den unteren Kniehebeln 36 verbunden.Via a transverse connecting web 38, the contact holder 24 of all contact units 9 to 11 are interconnected. The contact holder 24 and the connecting web 38 have been made in one piece of insulating molding material, wherein a likewise transverse rod-like steel core 40 has been overmolded. The above the contact pressure springs 26 extending steel core 40 gives the existing of the three contact holders 24 and the connecting web 38 movable system sufficient rigidity against both bending and torsion. A U-shaped retaining plate 42 engages with its center leg 44 and its two outer legs 46, the contact holder 24 of the central contact unit 10 and is screwed immovably at its pointing to the arc extinguishing 20 end via two bends 48 with the connecting web 38. At the other end of the retaining plate 42, the outer legs 46 are pivotally mounted in the side panels 28 via a respective bearing point 50 designed as a riveting joint. In order to be able to transfer the contact units 9 to 11 from an open position into a closed position or vice versa, the holding plate 42 is in its middle region with its outer legs 46 also via rivet-shaped joints 52 connected to the lower knee levers 36.

Die Verbindungsleiter 17 verlaufen annähernd in einer Ebene, welche die Verbindungspunkte der Verbindungsleiter 17 mit den Kontaktfingern 18 und die Schwenkachse 51 einschließt, sodass die Verbindungspunkte der Verbindungsleiter 17 mit den zweiten Stromschienen 13 ebenfalls annähernd in dieser Ebene liegen. Die Verbindungsleiter 17 haben eine relativ kleine Längenausdehnung, sind bei Schaltvorgängen nur geringen Stauch- und Dehnbewegungen und damit geringen inneren Reibungen ausgesetzt und üben relativ geringe Kraft- und Drehmomente auf die Kontaktfinger 18 aus.The connection conductors 17 extend approximately in a plane which encloses the connection points of the connection conductors 17 with the contact fingers 18 and the pivot axis 51, so that the connection points of the connection conductors 17 with the second conductor rails 13 are also approximately in this plane. The connecting conductors 17 have a relatively small length, are exposed to switching operations only small compression and expansion movements and thus low internal friction and exert relatively low forces and torques on the contact fingers 18.

Um die Schaltbewegungen zu ermöglichen, sind in den Zwischenwänden 5 längliche Aussparungen 54 für den Verbindungssteg 38 vorgesehen. Das aus den Kontakthaltern 24 und dem Verbindungssteg 38 bestehende Formteil enthält weiterhin vier Abschirmsegmente 56 und 57, die jeweils paarweise und in engem Abstand zu beiden Seiten der Zwischenwände 5 verlaufen. Damit wird trotz der vorhandenen Aussparungen 54 im Bereich entstehender Lichtbögen eine Abschirmung zwischen benachbarten Polräumen 6, 7 bzw. 7, 8 bewirkt. Diese Schutzmaßnahme gegen Querkurzschlüsse und Spannungsverschleppungen infolge von Lichtbogengasen beim Auftreten von äußeren Kurzschlüssen wird noch erheblich dadurch verbessert, dass in den Lichtbogenlöscheinheiten 20 beidseitig isolierende Einsätze 58 aus gasendem Material eingebracht sind, die bis knapp vor den Verbindungssteg 38 im Bereich der Aussparungen 54 reichen.To allow the switching movements, 5 elongated recesses 54 are provided for the connecting web 38 in the intermediate walls. The consisting of the contact holders 24 and the connecting web 38 molded part further includes four Abschirmsegmente 56 and 57, which extend in pairs and in close proximity to both sides of the intermediate walls 5. Thus, in spite of the existing recesses 54 in the region of arcing occurring a shield between adjacent polar spaces 6, 7 and 7, 8 causes. This protective measure against transverse shorts and Spannungsverschleppungen due to arc gases in the occurrence of external short circuits is still significantly improved by the fact that in the Lichtbogenlöhneheiten 20 on both sides insulating inserts 58 are introduced from gassing material that extends to just before the connecting web 38 in the region of the recesses 54.

Um einer Verbiegung des Verbindungssteges 38 und damit einem ungleichmäßigen Schalten der Kontakteinheiten 9 bis 11 bei hohen mechanischen Belastungen noch besser zu begegnen, sind an den Außenseiten der zu den beiden äußeren Kontakteinheiten 9 und 11 gehörenden Kontakthalter 24 Stützlaschen 60 aus Blech unbeweglich befestigt, die in geringem Abstand zu den Außenwänden 4 verlaufend im Unterteil 2 schwenkbar gelagert sind. Jeweils eine gelenkige Nietverbindung 62 verbindet eine der Stützlaschen 60 mit jeweils einem Stützwinkel 64. Die Stützwinkel 64 sind im Unterteils 2 dadurch befestigt, dass sie beim Verschrauben der zweiten Stromschienen 13 im Unterteil 3 zwischen einer in der zugehörigen Stromschiene 13 zurückgesetzt ausgebildeten Abstufung 66 und dem Boden 3 kraft- und formschlüssig festgelegt worden sind.In order to better counteract a bending of the connecting web 38 and thus an uneven switching of the contact units 9 to 11 at high mechanical loads, support tabs 60 of sheet metal are fixed immovably to the outer sides of the contact holders 24 belonging to the two outer contact units 9 and 11 small distance to the outer walls 4 extending in the lower part 2 are pivotally mounted. In each case, an articulated rivet connection 62 connects one of the support tabs 60, each with a support bracket 64. The support bracket 64 are fixed in the lower part 2 characterized in that they are screwed when screwing the second busbars 13 in the lower part 3 between a set back in the associated busbar 13 gradation 66 and the Floor 3 have been determined positive and positive.

Claims (7)

  1. Circuit breaker for high currents and low voltage, comprising:
    a moulded housing composed of a lower part (2) and an upper part with pole spaces (6...8) formed by parallel intermediate walls (5),
    an actuating mechanism (30), which has a bell-crank system (34) and is mounted in fixed side screens (28),
    release means cooperating with the actuating mechanism (30),
    a number of contact units (9...11) which corresponds to the number of the pole spaces (6...8), which each contain a fixed contact (16) connected to the lower part (2) and a plurality of movable parallel contact fingers (18), mounted in a U-shaped contact holder (24) in a restrictedly pivotal manner with respect to the effect of contact compression springs (26) and connected via flexible jumpers (17) to fixed conductor rails (13), and also contain an arc extinguisher unit (20), the contact unit (10) belonging to a central pole space (7) being articulated to the bell-crank system (34),
    a transversely positioned insulating connecting link (38), which connects the contact holders (24) of all the contact units (9...11),
    characterised in that
    the connecting link (38) contains a bar-type steel core (40) encapsulated on all sides by moulding material, which core extends above the contact compression springs (26),
    the contact holders (24) consist of insulating moulding material and are connected integrally with the connecting link (38),
    a sheet-metal holding plate (42) is rigidly connected to the connecting link (38) in a central pole space (7), is articulated to the actuating mechanism (30) and is mounted pivotally in the side screens (28)
    and the flexible jumpers (17) are connected to the associated conductor rails (13) in the vicinity of the geometric pivot axis (51) of the sheet-metal holding plate (42) and extend approximately radially to the pivot axis (51).
  2. Circuit breaker according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the sheet-metal holding plate (42) is U-shaped, laterally encompasses with its outer arms (46) the contact holder (24) of the central contact unit (10) and is mounted in the side screens (28).
  3. Circuit breaker according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the sheet-metal holding plate (42) is screwed onto the connecting link (38) with at least one bend (48) formed at the end of its central arm (44).
  4. Circuit breaker according to the preceding claim, characterised in that lower bell-crank levers (36) of the bell-crank system (34) are articulated to the outer arms (46) in the side screens (28) approximately in the centre between the at least one bend (58) and the bearing points (50) of the outer arms (46).
  5. Circuit breaker according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the bearing points (50) of the sheet-metal holding plate (42) are constructed as rivet joints in the side screens (28).
  6. Circuit breaker according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a respective supporting lug (60) on the one hand is immovably connected to the contact holder (24) of the two outer contact units (9, 11) and on the other hand is articulated in the lower part (2).
  7. Circuit breaker according to the preceding claim, characterised in that a respective supporting lug (60) is connected to a support bracket (64) via an articulated rivet connection (62), which bracket is arranged between the fixed conductor rail (13) of each contact unit (9, 11) and the bottom (3) of the lower part (2).
EP20030010745 2002-05-17 2003-05-14 Circuit breaker for high currents and low voltage Expired - Fee Related EP1363300B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10222011 2002-05-17
DE2002122011 DE10222011C1 (en) 2002-05-17 2002-05-17 Circuit breakers for high currents and low voltage

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EP1363300A2 EP1363300A2 (en) 2003-11-19
EP1363300A3 EP1363300A3 (en) 2004-06-09
EP1363300B1 true EP1363300B1 (en) 2008-03-26

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DE (1) DE10222011C1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8901446B2 (en) 2011-02-08 2014-12-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Limit stop apparatus, circuit breakers including limit stops, and methods of using same

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4598186A (en) * 1983-05-09 1986-07-01 Square D Company Vent arrangement for high amperage molded case circuit breaker
FR2583571B1 (en) * 1985-06-12 1994-02-18 Merlin Et Gerin LOW VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH IMPROVED CUT.
US4849589A (en) * 1987-08-31 1989-07-18 Square D Company Contact assembly for a circuit breaker
US4866225A (en) * 1988-09-08 1989-09-12 Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc. Insulated light weight metallic crossbar in polyphase circuit breaker assemblies for inhibiting arcing
FR2650434B1 (en) * 1989-07-26 1995-11-24 Merlin Gerin LOW VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH MULTIPLE CONTACTS AND HIGH CURRENTS
FR2744563B1 (en) * 1996-02-06 1998-04-03 Schneider Electric Sa CONTROL MECHANISM OF A CIRCUIT-BREAKER WITH RELEASABLE LOCK ON A SHORT-CIRCUIT
CN1187772C (en) * 1999-09-30 2005-02-02 西门子公司 Low-voltage power circuit breaker composing a switching chamber and a displaceable contact unit
US6225884B1 (en) * 1999-12-21 2001-05-01 Eaton Corporation Circuit breaker with mechanical trip load terminal/magnet barrier
FR2807565B1 (en) * 2000-04-10 2003-03-14 Schneider Electric Ind Sa POLE FOR AN ELECTRIC CIRCUIT BREAKER LOW POWER VOLTAGE LIMITER AND CIRCUIT BREAKER PROVIDED WITH SUCH A POLE

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EP1363300A2 (en) 2003-11-19
DE10222011C1 (en) 2003-11-20
EP1363300A3 (en) 2004-06-09

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