EP1358808A1 - A curling device - Google Patents

A curling device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1358808A1
EP1358808A1 EP03425261A EP03425261A EP1358808A1 EP 1358808 A1 EP1358808 A1 EP 1358808A1 EP 03425261 A EP03425261 A EP 03425261A EP 03425261 A EP03425261 A EP 03425261A EP 1358808 A1 EP1358808 A1 EP 1358808A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strip
curling
vibrator means
curling element
predetermined frequency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03425261A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1358808B1 (en
Inventor
Fiorenzo Draghetti
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GD SpA
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GD SpA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1358808A1 publication Critical patent/EP1358808A1/en
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Publication of EP1358808B1 publication Critical patent/EP1358808B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
    • A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
    • A24C5/47—Attaching filters or mouthpieces to cigars or cigarettes, e.g. inserting filters into cigarettes or their mouthpieces
    • A24C5/471—Attaching filters or mouthpieces to cigars or cigarettes, e.g. inserting filters into cigarettes or their mouthpieces by means of a connecting band

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a curling device preferably for cigarette making machines.
  • the invention finds application to advantage in the art field of cigarette making machinery, and in particular of filter tip attachments, that is to say machine units by which filters and cigarettes are assembled. Reference is made explicitly to this art field in the following specification, albeit with no limitation in general scope implied.
  • cigarettes and filter tips are assembled by interposing a double length filter plug between two axially aligned cigarette sticks, then joining the filter to the sticks on each side by applying a previously gummed tipping paper, and ultimately cutting the double assembly in half to create two single filter-and-cigarette assemblies.
  • a filter tip attachment generally comprises a feed station from which a continuous strip of paper material is advanced at a predetermined velocity and under a predetermined degree of tension along a feed path, likewise predetermined; the feed path passes both through a gumming station at which an adhesive substance is applied to one surface of the strip destined to engage the filter-and-cigarette assembly, and through a cutting unit by which the continuous strip is divided into discrete tipping papers ready for application.
  • Each tipping paper separated by the cutting unit is positioned at an intermediate transfer station and there associated initially with a respective filter-and-cigarette assembly, before being affixed permanently to the selfsame assembly at a further station.
  • the step of affixing the tipping paper permanently to the filter-and-cigarette assembly is accomplished normally by wrapping the paper around the assembly.
  • the object of the present invention is to address and overcome the problems encountered in prior art solutions by setting forth a curling device for cigarette makers capable of deforming the fibres of a continuous strip in such a way as to facilitate the operation by which tipping papers are wrapped around filter-and-cigarette assemblies, while at the same time guaranteeing the integrity of the continuous strip and the quality of the finished cigarettes even at high operating tempos.
  • the stated object is realized according to the invention in a device for curling a continuous strip of paper material caused to advance along a predetermined feed path toward at least one cutting unit by which the selfsame strip is divided into discrete lengths.
  • a device presents at least one curling element operating on one surface of the advancing strip at a contact zone in such a manner as to deform the strip relative to its longitudinal dimension, and is characterized in that it includes vibrator means associated with the curling element.
  • 1 denotes a curling device, in its entirety, embodied in accordance with the present invention.
  • the curling device 1 is associated with a given portion 2 of a cigarette maker, and in particular with a filter tip attachment comprising at least one feed station A from which a continuous strip 3 of paper or similar material is advanced steadily toward successive stations of the machine.
  • the continuous strip 3 is decoiled from a roll 4, subject to a predetermined tension and at a given velocity, and advanced along a predetermined feed path P that passes in succession through a gumming station 5, where one or more adhesive substances are applied to at least one adhesion surface 3a of the continuous strip 3, and a cutting unit 6 by which the gummed strip 3 is divided into discrete lengths, or tipping papers 7, each serving to join at least one filter permanently to a respective cigarette stick.
  • the adhesive substances in question are applied at the gumming station 5 by means of at least one gumming device 8 comprising an applicator roller 9 that acts directly on the adhesion surface 3a of the continuous strip 3, and a reaction roller 10 acting on the surface of the strip opposite from the applicator roller 9.
  • the strip 3 passes over a guide roller 11 positioned upstream of the curling device 1, then through a pair of pinch rolls 12 downstream of the selfsame device 1.
  • the cutting unit 6 generates the aforementioned tipping papers 7 utilizing a suction roller 14 and an auxiliary roller 15 of which the respective axes of rotation 14a and 15a are disposed substantially horizontal and parallel one with another.
  • the continuous strip 3 is taken up by the suction roller 14, and directed through a cutting zone 16 at which the selfsame roller 14 interacts with the auxiliary roller 15 in such a way as to divide the strip 3 into single tipping papers 7.
  • the suction roller 14 which presents a diameter greater than that of the auxiliary roller 15 and rotates at a peripheral velocity higher than the linear velocity of the advancing strip 3, carries a plurality of angularly equispaced blades 17 with substantially straight cutting edges set skew to the axis of rotation 14a.
  • the auxiliary roller 15 rotates at a peripheral velocity substantially matching the linear velocity of the advancing strip 3, and carries a plurality of substantially radial blades 18 equispaced around its surface of revolution. These blades 18 present cutting edges set substantially parallel to the axis of rotation 15a of the roller 15.
  • the cutting unit 6 is followed along the feed path P by a conveying roller 19 of conventional embodiment, rotatable anticlockwise, as viewed in the drawing, about an axis 19a extending parallel to the axes 14a and 15a of the cutting rollers.
  • the conveying roller 19 affords a plurality of fluted recesses 19b extending parallel to the straight line generators of the revolving surface, in which relative filter-and-cigarette assemblies 20, each consisting in two cigarette sticks separated by a double length filter plug, are retained by suction in conventional manner.
  • the filter-and-cigarette assemblies 20 are caused to advance broadside by the conveying roller 19 through a transfer zone 21 where each successive tipping paper 7 generated by the cutting unit 6 is offered to the surface of a respective assembly 20.
  • the curling device 1 is located upstream of the cutting unit 6, considered relative to the feed direction D followed by the continuous strip 3.
  • the device 1 will be positioned between the feed station A and the cutting unit 6, and more exactly between the feed station A and the gumming station 5.
  • the device 1 comprises a curling element 13, embodied as a bar 22 appearing substantially triangular in section, of which one edge 13a is offered to the adhesion surface 3a of the continuous strip 3 at a contact zone denoted 23.
  • the aforementioned guide rollers 11 and pinch rolls 12 are positioned along on the feed path P, relative to the curling element 13, in such a way as to establish a leg presenting a Vee profile of which the vertex coincides with the edge 13a of the bar 22.
  • the edge 13a of the curling element 13 is applied forcibly to the continuous strip 3 as it passes through the contact zone 23, compressing the internal fibres beneath the surface directed toward the curling element 13, while stretching the internal fibres beneath the surface directed away from the selfsame curling element.
  • the curling element 13 is connected by a rod 24 to vibrator means indicated schematically as a block denoted 25, such as will cause the bar 22 to vibrate at a predetermined frequency.
  • the rod 24 might be replaced by any other means of connection capable of transferring the energy from the vibrator means 25 to the bar 22, or alternatively, the bar 22 could be coupled direct to the vibrator means 25.
  • the vibrator means 25 are of conventional type, for example electrical, mechanical or pneumatic in operation, and preferably will take the form of an ultrasound generator.
  • the vibratory motion transmitted to the bar 22 by the vibrator means 25 can be rectilinear, oriented along an essentially rectilinear direction parallel to the rod 24, hence transverse to the strip 3, or oriented along a direction transverse to the rod 24 and coinciding with the direction followed by the strip 3 as it passes through the contact zone 23.
  • the vibratory motion can be generated by two directional components, one transverse to the other, in which case the trajectory described could be looped, elliptical or circular in outline.
  • the treatment applied to the strip 3 in producing a given depth of curl at a given rate of feed is more delicate, and any risk of tearing the material is avoided.

Abstract

A curling device (1) for a filter tip attachment comprises an element (13) placed in contact with a strip (3) of paper material advancing continuously along a given path (P), and serving to deform the strip (3) in such a way that single tipping papers (7) obtained by cutting the strip (3) are invested with a curled profile; the curling device (1) is associated with a mechanism (25) such as will cause it to vibrate, describing rectilinear or looped trajectories at a predetermined frequency, so as to reduce friction between the curling element (13) and the strip (3).

Description

  • The present invention relates to a curling device preferably for cigarette making machines.
  • The invention finds application to advantage in the art field of cigarette making machinery, and in particular of filter tip attachments, that is to say machine units by which filters and cigarettes are assembled. Reference is made explicitly to this art field in the following specification, albeit with no limitation in general scope implied.
  • Conventionally, cigarettes and filter tips are assembled by interposing a double length filter plug between two axially aligned cigarette sticks, then joining the filter to the sticks on each side by applying a previously gummed tipping paper, and ultimately cutting the double assembly in half to create two single filter-and-cigarette assemblies.
  • A filter tip attachment generally comprises a feed station from which a continuous strip of paper material is advanced at a predetermined velocity and under a predetermined degree of tension along a feed path, likewise predetermined; the feed path passes both through a gumming station at which an adhesive substance is applied to one surface of the strip destined to engage the filter-and-cigarette assembly, and through a cutting unit by which the continuous strip is divided into discrete tipping papers ready for application.
  • Each tipping paper separated by the cutting unit is positioned at an intermediate transfer station and there associated initially with a respective filter-and-cigarette assembly, before being affixed permanently to the selfsame assembly at a further station. The step of affixing the tipping paper permanently to the filter-and-cigarette assembly is accomplished normally by wrapping the paper around the assembly.
  • This wrapping operation is much facilitated by a curling device installed between the feed station and the cutting unit, which engages the advancing strip and brings about a plastic deformation of the internal fibres. The material thus assumes a given curvature, when relieved of longitudinal tension, with the result that the application of the papers to the respective filter-and-cigarette assemblies is made easier.
  • Notwithstanding the application of tipping papers to filter-and-cigarette assemblies is assisted thus by the use of conventional curling devices, which consist essentially in a sharp-edged or blade-like element offered in contact to the continuous strip and designed to weaken the material transversely, it has been found that such devices betray certain drawbacks attributable principally to the friction generated at the area of contact between the device and the strip.
  • In particular, it has been observed that the deforming action of the curling device generates high frictional forces tending often to degrade or to break the strip material at the high operating speeds of filter tip attachments now in service.
  • The object of the present invention is to address and overcome the problems encountered in prior art solutions by setting forth a curling device for cigarette makers capable of deforming the fibres of a continuous strip in such a way as to facilitate the operation by which tipping papers are wrapped around filter-and-cigarette assemblies, while at the same time guaranteeing the integrity of the continuous strip and the quality of the finished cigarettes even at high operating tempos.
  • The stated object is realized according to the invention in a device for curling a continuous strip of paper material caused to advance along a predetermined feed path toward at least one cutting unit by which the selfsame strip is divided into discrete lengths. Such a device presents at least one curling element operating on one surface of the advancing strip at a contact zone in such a manner as to deform the strip relative to its longitudinal dimension, and is characterized in that it includes vibrator means associated with the curling element.
  • The invention will now be described in detail, by way of example, with the aid of the accompanying drawing, which is a schematic illustration showing one portion of a cigarette maker equipped with a curling device according to the present invention.
  • Referring to the drawing, 1 denotes a curling device, in its entirety, embodied in accordance with the present invention.
  • The curling device 1 is associated with a given portion 2 of a cigarette maker, and in particular with a filter tip attachment comprising at least one feed station A from which a continuous strip 3 of paper or similar material is advanced steadily toward successive stations of the machine.
  • The continuous strip 3 is decoiled from a roll 4, subject to a predetermined tension and at a given velocity, and advanced along a predetermined feed path P that passes in succession through a gumming station 5, where one or more adhesive substances are applied to at least one adhesion surface 3a of the continuous strip 3, and a cutting unit 6 by which the gummed strip 3 is divided into discrete lengths, or tipping papers 7, each serving to join at least one filter permanently to a respective cigarette stick.
  • The adhesive substances in question are applied at the gumming station 5 by means of at least one gumming device 8 comprising an applicator roller 9 that acts directly on the adhesion surface 3a of the continuous strip 3, and a reaction roller 10 acting on the surface of the strip opposite from the applicator roller 9.
  • As discernible from the accompanying drawing, the strip 3 passes over a guide roller 11 positioned upstream of the curling device 1, then through a pair of pinch rolls 12 downstream of the selfsame device 1.
  • The cutting unit 6 generates the aforementioned tipping papers 7 utilizing a suction roller 14 and an auxiliary roller 15 of which the respective axes of rotation 14a and 15a are disposed substantially horizontal and parallel one with another.
  • The continuous strip 3 is taken up by the suction roller 14, and directed through a cutting zone 16 at which the selfsame roller 14 interacts with the auxiliary roller 15 in such a way as to divide the strip 3 into single tipping papers 7.
  • The suction roller 14, which presents a diameter greater than that of the auxiliary roller 15 and rotates at a peripheral velocity higher than the linear velocity of the advancing strip 3, carries a plurality of angularly equispaced blades 17 with substantially straight cutting edges set skew to the axis of rotation 14a.
  • The auxiliary roller 15 rotates at a peripheral velocity substantially matching the linear velocity of the advancing strip 3, and carries a plurality of substantially radial blades 18 equispaced around its surface of revolution. These blades 18 present cutting edges set substantially parallel to the axis of rotation 15a of the roller 15.
  • The cutting unit 6 is followed along the feed path P by a conveying roller 19 of conventional embodiment, rotatable anticlockwise, as viewed in the drawing, about an axis 19a extending parallel to the axes 14a and 15a of the cutting rollers. The conveying roller 19 affords a plurality of fluted recesses 19b extending parallel to the straight line generators of the revolving surface, in which relative filter-and-cigarette assemblies 20, each consisting in two cigarette sticks separated by a double length filter plug, are retained by suction in conventional manner. The filter-and-cigarette assemblies 20 are caused to advance broadside by the conveying roller 19 through a transfer zone 21 where each successive tipping paper 7 generated by the cutting unit 6 is offered to the surface of a respective assembly 20.
  • As discernible from the accompanying drawing, the curling device 1 is located upstream of the cutting unit 6, considered relative to the feed direction D followed by the continuous strip 3. In a preferred embodiment, the device 1 will be positioned between the feed station A and the cutting unit 6, and more exactly between the feed station A and the gumming station 5.
  • In particular, and as intimated previously, the device 1 comprises a curling element 13, embodied as a bar 22 appearing substantially triangular in section, of which one edge 13a is offered to the adhesion surface 3a of the continuous strip 3 at a contact zone denoted 23.
  • The aforementioned guide rollers 11 and pinch rolls 12 are positioned along on the feed path P, relative to the curling element 13, in such a way as to establish a leg presenting a Vee profile of which the vertex coincides with the edge 13a of the bar 22. With the strip 3 thus constrained to make a sharp change in direction at the contact zone 23, the structure of the material becomes permanently deformed, assuming a predetermined curvature such that the gummed surface 7a of each tipping paper 7 separated by the cutting unit 6 and then offered in contact to a filter-and-cigarette assembly 20 will be concavely profiled. In other words, the edge 13a of the curling element 13 is applied forcibly to the continuous strip 3 as it passes through the contact zone 23, compressing the internal fibres beneath the surface directed toward the curling element 13, while stretching the internal fibres beneath the surface directed away from the selfsame curling element.
  • The curling element 13 is connected by a rod 24 to vibrator means indicated schematically as a block denoted 25, such as will cause the bar 22 to vibrate at a predetermined frequency. Naturally enough, the rod 24 might be replaced by any other means of connection capable of transferring the energy from the vibrator means 25 to the bar 22, or alternatively, the bar 22 could be coupled direct to the vibrator means 25.
  • The vibrator means 25 are of conventional type, for example electrical, mechanical or pneumatic in operation, and preferably will take the form of an ultrasound generator.
  • The vibratory motion transmitted to the bar 22 by the vibrator means 25 can be rectilinear, oriented along an essentially rectilinear direction parallel to the rod 24, hence transverse to the strip 3, or oriented along a direction transverse to the rod 24 and coinciding with the direction followed by the strip 3 as it passes through the contact zone 23.
  • Finally, the vibratory motion can be generated by two directional components, one transverse to the other, in which case the trajectory described could be looped, elliptical or circular in outline.
  • It has been observed that the motion transmitted by the vibrator means 25 to the bar 22 has the effect of reducing frictional forces in play at the contact zone 23 when the edge 13a of the curling element engages the adhesion surface 3a of the strip 3, so that the tension values registering in the strip 3 upstream and downstream of the curling device 1 can be rendered uniform.
  • Finally, with the adoption of a curling device 1 according to the present invention, the treatment applied to the strip 3 in producing a given depth of curl at a given rate of feed is more delicate, and any risk of tearing the material is avoided.

Claims (7)

  1. A device for curling a continuous strip (3) of paper material advancing along a predetermined feed path (P) toward at least one cutting unit (6) by which the selfsame strip is divided into discrete lengths (7), wherein the device (1) presents at least one curling element (13) operating on one surface of the advancing strip (3) at a contact zone (23) in such a manner as to deform the strip relative to its longitudinal dimension, characterized in that it includes vibrator means (25) associated with the curling element (13).
  2. A device as in claim 1, wherein the curling element (13) is set in motion by the vibrator means (25) at a predetermined frequency and in a substantially rectilinear direction, transverse to the strip (3).
  3. A device as in claim 1, wherein the curling element (13) is set in motion by the vibrator means (25) at a predetermined frequency and in a direction substantially parallel to the direction followed by the strip (3) through the contact zone (23).
  4. A device as in claim 1, wherein the curling element (13) is set in motion by the vibrator means (25) at a predetermined frequency and in such a way as to describe a trajectory determined by two directional components transverse one to the other.
  5. A device as in claim 1, wherein the curling element (13) is set in motion by the vibrator means (25) at a predetermined frequency and in such a way as to describe a closed loop trajectory.
  6. A device as in claims 1 to 5, wherein the vibrator means (25) are electrical, mechanical or pneumatic in operation.
  7. A device as in claim 6, wherein the vibrator means (25) consist in an ultrasound vibrator device.
EP03425261A 2002-05-03 2003-04-28 A curling device Expired - Lifetime EP1358808B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2002BO000259A ITBO20020259A1 (en) 2002-05-03 2002-05-03 CURLING DEVICE
ITBO20020259 2002-05-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1358808A1 true EP1358808A1 (en) 2003-11-05
EP1358808B1 EP1358808B1 (en) 2005-11-30

Family

ID=11440105

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03425261A Expired - Lifetime EP1358808B1 (en) 2002-05-03 2003-04-28 A curling device

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20030205235A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1358808B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1285295C (en)
AT (1) ATE311123T1 (en)
DE (1) DE60302488T2 (en)
IT (1) ITBO20020259A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202012101461U1 (en) 2011-04-19 2012-05-02 G.D Società per Azioni curling
WO2015001316A1 (en) * 2013-07-03 2015-01-08 British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited Curling machine
WO2016071699A1 (en) * 2014-11-07 2016-05-12 British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited Smoking article assembly machine and method of making a smoking article
US11291861B2 (en) 2019-03-08 2022-04-05 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Delivery of radiation by column and generating a treatment plan therefor

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080017203A1 (en) * 2006-07-19 2008-01-24 Barry Smith Fagg Apparatus and methods for manufacturing cigarette tubes
WO2014086999A1 (en) 2012-12-07 2014-06-12 Philip Morris Products S.A. Method and apparatus for manufacturing smoking article components having a removable wrap
WO2015082387A1 (en) 2013-12-04 2015-06-11 Voith Patent Gmbh Roller cutting unit and method for separating fibre material into sections
DE102014221085A1 (en) * 2014-10-17 2016-04-21 Audi Ag Device and method for separating and depositing fiber material
CN111105905B (en) * 2018-10-25 2021-03-26 浙江荣泰电工器材有限公司 Mica string rod one-time forming device
IT201900009162A1 (en) 2019-06-17 2020-12-17 Engraving Solutions S R L METHOD AND MACHINE FOR PRODUCING ROLLS OF RAPE MATERIAL WRAPPED ON TUBULAR CORE AND RELATED PRODUCT OBTAINED
CN110973690B (en) * 2019-12-10 2021-03-26 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 Tipping paper crimping device

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US3962957A (en) * 1974-09-10 1976-06-15 Hauni-Werke Korber & Co., Kg Curling device for webs of paper or the like
EP0795278A1 (en) * 1996-03-12 1997-09-17 G.D Societa' Per Azioni Method and unit for the continuous feed of a strip of material to a machine
US20020020419A1 (en) * 2000-06-08 2002-02-21 Berthold Maiwald Method of and apparatus for applying adhesive to a running web of wrapping material for smokers products

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US3802037A (en) * 1971-10-28 1974-04-09 Todoroki Ind Method of manufacturing bulky yarns
US4975132A (en) * 1987-10-30 1990-12-04 Tri-Tech Systems International, Inc. Plastic closures for containers and cans and methods and apparatus for producing such closures
GB9124249D0 (en) * 1991-11-14 1992-01-08 Goldstein Fredric Ribbon curling and shredding device
US5316539A (en) * 1992-09-01 1994-05-31 Lexmark International, Inc. Self-adjusting paper recurler
US6487833B1 (en) * 2000-01-29 2002-12-03 Howard W. Jaenson Strap welding system and method
US6575173B2 (en) * 2001-08-31 2003-06-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Ultrasonic device for the treatment of hair and other fibers

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3962957A (en) * 1974-09-10 1976-06-15 Hauni-Werke Korber & Co., Kg Curling device for webs of paper or the like
EP0795278A1 (en) * 1996-03-12 1997-09-17 G.D Societa' Per Azioni Method and unit for the continuous feed of a strip of material to a machine
US20020020419A1 (en) * 2000-06-08 2002-02-21 Berthold Maiwald Method of and apparatus for applying adhesive to a running web of wrapping material for smokers products

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202012101461U1 (en) 2011-04-19 2012-05-02 G.D Società per Azioni curling
ITBO20110211A1 (en) * 2011-04-19 2012-10-20 Gd Spa CURLING DEVICE.
WO2015001316A1 (en) * 2013-07-03 2015-01-08 British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited Curling machine
WO2016071699A1 (en) * 2014-11-07 2016-05-12 British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited Smoking article assembly machine and method of making a smoking article
KR20170068522A (en) * 2014-11-07 2017-06-19 브리티시 아메리칸 토바코 (인베스트먼츠) 리미티드 Smoking article assembly machine and method of making a smoking article
CN106998792A (en) * 2014-11-07 2017-08-01 英美烟草(投资)有限公司 Smoking product kludge and the method for making smoking product
CN106998792B (en) * 2014-11-07 2018-09-07 英美烟草(投资)有限公司 Smoking product kludge and the method for making smoking product
KR102028740B1 (en) 2014-11-07 2019-10-04 브리티시 아메리칸 토바코 (인베스트먼츠) 리미티드 Smoking article assembly machine and method of making a smoking article
US11291861B2 (en) 2019-03-08 2022-04-05 Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. Delivery of radiation by column and generating a treatment plan therefor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE311123T1 (en) 2005-12-15
CN1285295C (en) 2006-11-22
ITBO20020259A0 (en) 2002-05-03
US20030205235A1 (en) 2003-11-06
CN1454536A (en) 2003-11-12
ITBO20020259A1 (en) 2003-11-03
EP1358808B1 (en) 2005-11-30
DE60302488T2 (en) 2006-08-10
DE60302488D1 (en) 2006-01-05

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