EP1358777A1

EP1358777A1 - Method and device for localising packet data service enabled radio stations in a communication system

Info

Publication number: EP1358777A1
Application number: EP02715448A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Carsten Ball; Ralf Krannich; Christian Mucke
Original assignee: Siemens AG
Current assignee: Siemens AG
Priority date: 2001-02-08
Filing date: 2002-01-17
Publication date: 2003-11-05
Also published as: WO2002063909A1; US20050075112A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for localising packet data service enabled stations (MS) in a radio communication system (GSM), whereby each station (MS) communicates with a network station (BTS) associated therewith on the network thereof via at least one radio interface (V) within a radio cell (Z). Localisation of the position of the stations (MS) is carried out by said network either periodically or according to demand. In order to enable fast provision of said localised information, the actual locations and experienced radio conditions of the station(s) (MS) are stored by the network. The packet data service enabled stations (MS) can be used advantageously for determining other known methods, for example, for other methods known for other purposes, e.g. for determining received field intensity and/or interference level, for carrying out cell change and/or for activating a polling request.

Description

description

Method and device for determining the location of packet data service-capable radio stations in a communication system

The invention relates to a method for determining the location of packet data service-capable radio stations in a communication system with the main features of claim 1 and a communication system with devices for performing such a method.

In radio communication systems, information, for example voice, picture information or other data, is transmitted with the aid of electromagnetic waves via a radio interface between the sending and receiving station (base station or subscriber station). The electromagnetic waves are emitted at carrier frequencies that lie in the frequency band provided for the respective system. For future mobile radio systems with CDMA or TD / CDMA transmission methods (TD / CDMA: Time / Code Division Multiple Access) via the radio interface, for example the UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) or other 3rd generation systems, frequencies in the frequency band of approx 2000 MHz provided.

Novel data services such as the packet data service GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) and its extension EDGE / EGPRS (Enhanced Data Rates for.) Are currently used in existing mobile radio networks based on the GSM standard (GSM: Global System for Mobile Communications) with frequencies between 400 MHz and 2000 MHz GSM Evolution / Enhanced GPRS) introduced. The transmission in the mobile radio network does not take place in a connection-oriented or circuit-switched manner, but in the form of packet data. This type of transmission makes better use of the given transmission resources in the mobile radio network, for example by multiplexing. In the TDMA method, such as GSM or TDD-UMTS (TDD: Time Division Duplex), a broadband carrier with a frequency range of 5 MHz for UMTS or a narrowband carrier with, for example, 200 kHz is divided for a TDMA component provided with GSM in several time slots of the same duration. With TDD-UMTS, part of the time slots in the downward direction DL (Downlmk) from the base station to the subscriber is used on the same carrier frequency and part of the time slots in the upward direction UL (Uplmk) from the subscriber station to the base station. In the GSM standard, eight time slots are provided for the upward connection and the downward connection, each on two 200 kHz carrier frequencies separated by a duplex spacing. A packet data traffic channel PDTCH (Packet Data Traffic Channel) is assigned to each time slot for data transmission with the packet data services GPRS / EGPRS according to the GSM standard. The packet data traffic channels are unidirectional. A transmission takes place either m uplink (UL) for the packet data transmission from the subscriber station to the base station or m downlink (DL) for the packet data transmission from the base station to the subscriber station. In this case, a packet data traffic channel can be assigned to a subscriber for static channel allocation (fixed allocation according to GSM 04.60) for a specific time interval or with dynamic channel allocation (dynamic allocation according to GSM 04.60) to several subscribers at the same time, ie several subscribers are assigned to this packet data Traffic channel supplied (multiplex g). This applies to the up and down connection independently of each other.

With these systems it is necessary to determine the current locations of subscriber stations for a variety of purposes. For the efficient implementation of location determination, location determination services are known, which are also used for subscriber stations for packet data-capable (GPRS, EDGE) mobile radio services, GSM mobile radio networks. For circuit-switched services, there are already a large number of methods in the standard, such as TA (Timing Advance), E-OTD (Enhanced Observed Time Difference), GPS (Global Positioning System), etc. With the method TA receives for example the responsible mobile station

Localization Center (SMLC: Serving Mobile Location Center) a request for the current position of a particular subscriber station. If the subscriber station is idle at this time, it is addressed from the network or a paging ^{w is} carried out, whereupon the network assigns a channel to the subscriber station. In the reserved or switched state (“dedicated mode *), the subscriber station is already active on one channel. The responsible mobile station localization center then requests the TA currently used in the base station system and optionally the measurement report last sent by the subscriber station (measurement report) from the base station system. After forwarding this data to the responsible mobile station localization center, the position of the subscriber station is calculated there according to known methods and the position result is then forwarded to the requesting unit. There are also methods in which, for example, the subscriber station independently continuously calculates its position and communicates it to the network on the basis of inquiries, or methods which determine the location by means of an external device

Hardware, e.g. a so-called location determination unit (LMU).

A disadvantage of such methods is that the network must assign dedicated channels to the subscriber station, for example for querying position-relevant measurement data, which is ultimately disadvantageous for the cell capacity. Furthermore, only one subscriber station at a time can be queried. Upon request, the base station system must contact the subscriber station each time before it can deliver the measurement data relevant to the position to the responsible mobile station localization center. Without prior The question is therefore not known to the network in the case of existing location determination methods (LCS: location service) the position of a subscriber station.

In such location determination methods, known calculation methods are used to determine the location of the subscriber stations, for example in the TA method, runtime values between the subscriber station and the supplying base station.

The object of the invention is to propose an improved method for determining the location of subscriber-side stations capable of packet data service in a communication system or a device for carrying out such a method.

This object is achieved by the method for determining the location of parcel data service-capable subscriber stations, a communication system with the features of patent claim 1 and the communication system with devices for carrying out such a method with the features of patent claim 10 or a memory therefor.

Advantageous refinements are the subject of dependent claims.

This method advantageously means that the network does not have to assign dedicated channels to the subscriber station, so that the cell capacity is protected. In addition, not only individual subscriber stations can be queried one after the other, but also several at the same time.

At least one network-side device, which is preferably a component of the base station system, holds location information about the subscriber stations in its area, so that they immediately respond to inquiries without having to contact the corresponding subscriber station again must provide the position of this subscriber station or the position-relevant measurement data.

A method is thus provided for GPRS / EGPRS-capable subscriber stations, in which the base station system is always informed about the location of the subscriber stations or the position-relevant measurement data in its cells, so that the base station system requests higher levels / layers without triggering the can answer the desired subscriber station immediately. Furthermore, by setting trigger points - for example by defining a specific location area in its coverage area - the network can automatically inform function units immediately downstream, without request, when a subscriber station enters this area, stays there or leaves it. In this case, the SMLC functionality can be integrated on the network side or in the base station system or remotely located in a separate facility (physical or stand-alone SMLC). On the basis of the information obtained, such as the location of all subscriber stations, the signal level (signal level) of the serving cell (s) (Servmg-Cell) as well as the neighboring cells and the interference level at the location of the subscriber stations, the network can provide a complete radio field planning map and create a highly accurate distribution map of the subscriber stations in the cells. The method comes without additional new measuring devices, i.e. even without additional new modules or hardware.

A preferred basis of the method is based on the fact that GPRS / EGPRS-capable subscriber stations are in principle permanently logged on to the network and are known to it (GPRS attached). The network can specifically request the subscriber station or, via broadcast system information, all subscriber stations in the cell to periodically send messages from which the network determines the position of the subscriber station. The network can therefore set trigger points at a known subscriber station position at which the When entering / leaving a certain cell area, for example a shopping center, the network can immediately send information, for example advertising, special offers, kmo programs, etc. to the subscriber station, for example by means of SMS (Short Message Service).

The method is advantageously based entirely on known signaling of the GSM specifications, which, however, are used very advantageously and in a completely new combination, e.g. So-called "Network Controlled Cell Reselection", "Network Controlled Measurement Reports" and "Extended Measurement Reports" The method works both with a subscriber station in the idle state and in the operating state (idle or packet transfer mode).

The advantage of using GPRS / EGPRS is that no dedicated channels have to be assigned. Instead, the subscriber stations provide periodic measurement reports (measurement reports), which advantageously always occupy only a 20 ms radio block or a few radio blocks for longer messages on a packet data channel (PDCH), or the subscriber stations are switched to so-called shared channels if required ( shared channels), where they multiplex their data with other subscriber stations.

Another particular advantage of the method is that so-called Class A telephones, or DTM (dual transfer mode) or simple Class A telephones, in contrast to today's operating methods (E-OTD, GPS based on circuit-switched services) ) can operate the location determination service (LCS) without a service interrupt, even though the call is switched at the same time. This is possible because (Simple) Class A subscriber stations allow simultaneous operation of voice and data, ie the location determination service can run on the packet-switching ched) channel are operated while a call is in progress on the circuit-switched (circuit switched) channel.

The algorithms used in the simplest exemplary embodiment are known process elements which are used to determine and report the interference level in a cell at the location of the subscriber station MS, for the cell change or optionally packet / data retrieval requests. However, these three can also be used for location determination by means of the method described.

The method can be applied to all GPRS / EGPRS-capable subscriber stations in the cell. To reduce the load in the network, however, only individual participants can be operated. This can also be used to make this service available only for a fee.

An embodiment is explained below with reference to the drawing. Show it:

1 is a schematic overview of a radio communication system,

Fig. 2-4 The messages available in the GSM standard for the measurement reports, which can be used to carry out a method for determining the location of a GPRS-capable subscriber station.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, a mobile radio system as an example of a radio communication system consists of a plurality of mobile switching centers MSC and service and access network nodes SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node) which are networked with one another or have access to a fixed network PSTN or a packet data network Establish PDN. Furthermore, these mobile switching centers MSC are each connected to at least one base station control device BSC / one device RNM for allocating radio resources. Each of these These devices in turn enable a connection to at least one base station BTS. Such a base station BTS can establish a connection to subscriber-side or subscriber stations, for example mobile stations MS or other mobile and stationary terminals, via a radio interface. The base stations and the devices controlling them form a base station system (BSS / Base Station System).

Each base station BTS forms at least one radio cell Z, within which communication with subscriber stations MS, MSI, ... is possible. In the case of sectorization or hierarchical cell structures, a plurality of radio cells Z are also supplied per base station BTS. The areas of adjacent radio cells typically overlap, so that a change from the area of one radio cell Z to the area of another radio cell Z is possible without problems.

1 shows, by way of example, existing connections VI, V2, V3 for the transmission of useful information and signaling information between mobile subscriber stations MS and a base station BTS and a request for resource allocation or a short confirmation message in an access channel (P) RACH ((packet ) Random Access CHannel) represented by another mobile station MS. Furthermore, an organization channel BCCH (Broadcast Control CHannel) is shown, which is provided for the transmission of user and signaling information with a defined transmission power by each of the base stations BTS for all mobile stations MS.

An operation and maintenance center OMC implements control and maintenance functions for the mobile radio system or for parts thereof. The functionality of this structure can be transferred to other radio communication systems, in particular for subscriber access networks with a wireless subscriber line. According to an exemplary preferred embodiment, in such a system a method for determining the location of one or more subscriber stations MS for the packet data system GPRS / EGPRS in transmission mode (“transfer mode”) with active packet data transmission (temporary block flow: TBFs) and in the idle state (“idle Mode ") can be applied. In the network, a data list X is created for the registered subscriber stations MS in the area of the base station control device BSC or possibly also in the supporting network node for a serving packet data network (SGSN: Serv GPRS Support Node) or in the SMLC, the location for the respective subscriber stations MS , Timmg Advance TA in the respective cell Z (Servmg-Cell), RXLEV values (RXLEV: REceive LEVel / receive level) and interference values can be saved.

To control the process sequences, for example, control messages and control mechanisms which are known per se and which are known per se can be used, but currently (see, for example, GSM 04.60, GSM 05.08) are used for entirely different purposes in each case.

The messages transmitted from the subscriber station to the network and their contents are outlined in FIGS. 2-4.

Exemplary algorithm sequences can be provided in particular for the registration of a subscriber station capable of packet data service and the external request for a position determination.

When a subscriber station for GPRS / EGPRS logs on to the network, its position is to be determined and stored continuously, which is why the subscriber station is asked to periodically send the measurement reports. The network evaluates these and the TA measured values and calculates the position of the subscriber station MS. The subscriber station MS may also be moved to the neighboring cells by "NC Cell Reselection". For the operation of incoming external subscriber station position requests, if the position of the subscriber station MS in the network is known with sufficient accuracy, this information can be transmitted directly from the base station system BSS. Otherwise, the subscriber station MS must be polled in order to first determine the position or to improve the position information sufficiently.

With GPRS / EGPRS, so-called "NC measurement reports" or network-initiated measurement reports are sent periodically from dedicated or all subscriber stations MS of cell Z to the network-side devices, if this is done by the base station BTS via a radio or message channel communicated requirement, e.g. the PSI 5 Packet_System_Informatιon_Message is required (NC_CONTROL_ORDER field). The period of such transmissions can in the currently known system by means of appropriate broadcast / broadcast parameters for subscriber stations MS in idle mode (idle mode) (NC_Reportmg_Peπod) _ or. for subscriber stations MS in transmission mode (transfer mode) (NC_Reportmg_Perιod_C) _ between 0.48 and 60.44 seconds can be set. The message contains the identifier TLLI (Temporary Logical Link Identifier) of the subscriber station as well as the reception level (RXLEV_SERVING CELL) and the interference (INTERFERENCE_SERVING CELL) in the cell (see FIGS. 2, 3) at the site of the subscriber station MS. The reception levels of the neighboring cells are also transmitted (RXLEV_N).

Furthermore, so-called extended measurement reports or "EXTENDED Measurement Reports" can periodically be sent to subscriber stations MS in idle mode (EXT_CONTROL_ORDER). The period can currently be set between 60 and 7,680 seconds.

In addition to the subscriber identification (TLLI), this report or report contains the interference level at the location of the subscriber station MS on all eight time slots currently (I_LEVEL_TN0 ... 7) and the reception field strength values RXLEV of the neighboring cells (RXLEV_N) at the location of the subscriber station MS.

The neighboring cell list to be measured (ARFCN, BSIC, ...) is previously assigned to the subscriber station MS by the network (e.g. currently: (BA (GPRS), NC_FREQUENCY_LIST, EXT_FREQUENCY_LIST)).

On the network side, it can be specified that such measurement reports (NC measurement reports or extended measurement reports) should be periodically sent to the network instead of all only from certain subscriber stations MS in cell Z. There is currently the message "Package_Measurement_Order". A restriction to the transmission of the location information of only individual subscriber stations MS is advantageous if e.g. Too many subscriber stations MS are in a cell, so that there could possibly be an overload situation, or if not all subscriber stations MS are to use the location determination service (LCS), for example because the subscribers of the corresponding subscriber stations MS are not registered and approved for this service are.

In addition, the period for communicating the position-relevant measurement data to the network can be set differently for different subscriber stations MS, which leads to certain quality differences in the accuracy. Moving subscriber stations MS can thus be instructed to send their position-relevant measurement data more often than subscriber stations MS that do not move at all or only slowly.

The subscriber station MS advantageously communicates the measurement data to the network in idle mode by first performing an access to the network and requesting one or more radio / radio blocks. Using the access signal (access burst), the base station BTS can immediately see the time advance (timing advance TA) and thus the distance between the subscriber station MS and the base station Determine BTS. With the current methods, this is possible with an accuracy of approx. 500m. This accuracy can be increased by averaging several TA values.

Finally, the location of the subscriber station MS can be calculated more precisely, however, as a rule, by means of the additionally available values of the reception field strength RXLEV of the neighboring cells, generally known electromagnetic propagation laws and the known positions of the base stations BTSn of the neighboring cells Zn.

Is a map with network planning data, e.g. predicted signal field strengths in the coverage area of the network, stored, the location of the subscriber station MS can be determined more precisely by an automated comparison with the map. For this purpose, an iterative method can be used, since the method described here calculates a highly precise level / interference map, which in turn can then serve as input for further calculations above.

The linking of the data to the subscriber station MS and their storage in a network-side device such as the memory X of the base station control unit BSC (or in packet networks the so-called Servmg GPRS Support Node (SGSN) or the SMLC) is preferably carried out using identification indicators such as the known TLLI (Temporary Logical Link Identifier), which is unique for each subscriber station MS and is contained in the above-mentioned messages.

To further improve the location, the network or its base station control device BSC can use the subscriber station MS in the idle state (idle mode) by means of a network-controlled line shift ("Network Controlled Cell Reselection") one after the other from the cell Z serving the subscriber station (Servmg Cell) m the neighboring cells Zn move, in whose reception area the subscriber station MS is also located. The number N of such neighboring cells Zn, into which this subscriber station MS can be moved, is advantageously at least three (N> = 3). The currently known message "Package_Cell_Change_Order" can be used for this.

Advantageously, the use of services or methods of the GPRS service means that no interruption of existing services ("service interrupt") is required, since no data is sent in idle mode. When using the method for subscriber stations MS in the transmission mode (transfer mode), however, data can be lost which must be retransmitted later or repeated.

Advantageously, a subscriber station MS to be shifted according to the method should always first be pushed into the neighboring cell (s) with the greatest reception field strength RXLEV. By moving the network also receives information about the time progress TA to N neighboring base stations BTSn and can now calculate the location even more precisely with known methods, such as the intersection calculation of the N distance circles around the N base stations BTSn. In order to remain consistent with the data management and to minimize the administrative effort, a subscriber station MS should preferably only ever be moved between the cells of a base station control device (BSC) area.

Starting from the above-mentioned low resolution of the TA value of approx. 500 m, the resolution can be greatly improved by the network averaging the TA values coming in periodically from the subscriber stations MS over time. The same averaging should also be carried out for the values of the reception field strengths RXLEV of the serving cell and the neighboring cells. Another potential for improvement lies in oversampling the access Signals (access bursts) in the base station BTS or the use of further equalizer values.

The network can also allow the access signals (access bursts) on the time control channel for packet data PTCCH (Packet Timing Control Channel) to flow into the averaging from subscriber stations MS in the packet transfer mode, which are currently approx. sent to the network every 2 seconds. If this information is not sufficient for a subscriber station MS in terms of accuracy, then the network can query or "poll" the subscriber station MS, e.g. by means of the so-called "Packet_Pollmg_Request" message. In this case, the subscriber station MS in the uplink sends four successive access bursts for packet control confirmations (“Packet_Control_Acknowledgments”). Through multiple pollen in short time intervals, the network can obtain any number of access bursts for the highly precise determination of the time progress TA of a subscriber station MS m of a cell Z or Zn.

In the near future, several hundred to a few thousand subscriber stations MS will often be registered per cell Z in the network. This large number as well as the large amount of data coming in periodically or directly requested by certain subscriber stations MS is sufficient over a long time, very good carrier / interference (C / I) cards (C / I: Carrier to Interference) Network. In addition, the location determination makes it possible to observe the distribution of subscriber stations MS in cell Z. In the area of identified clusters (hot spots), the installation of new base stations BTS bottlenecks can be avoided.

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to obtain an adaptive method whereby a self-learning / optimizing network can be built up. Such cards can be created especially for different times of the day, e.g. Busy hour, night time.

The use of known GPRS methods offers a clever connection of existing GSM signaling to collect the necessary information. In contrast to today's methods, permanent location determination of the subscriber stations MS takes place without increased effort.

In particular, it is possible to set trigger points so that subscriber stations MS that are located in a specific area, e.g. a shopping center, stop immediately via SMS, email or other information, e.g. Advertising, special offers etc., can be supplied.

The application of the method is particularly advantageous for Class A or Simple Class A subscriber stations, since no "service interrupt" is necessary for existing voice connections.

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If a subscriber station is in the so-called packet transfer mode, i.e. a packet data connection is activated, the network also evaluates the TA values that it currently receives via the "Packet Timing Control Channel" (PTCCH) approximately every 2 seconds for continuous TA setting.

Claims

claims

1. Method for determining the location of packet data service-capable stations (MS) in a radio communication system (GSM), each station (MS) using at least one radio interface (V) within a radio cell (Z) with its associated network-side network station (BTS ) communicates, whereby

- On the part of the network, a location determination for determining the location of the station (s) MS is carried out one or more times on request, characterized in that

- the network requests the station (s) (MS) to periodically send messages from which the network determines the positions of the subscriber stations, and - current locations of the station (s) (MS) on the network and / or those for determining the location of the measured data (s) (MS) and the associated network station (BTS) are stored.

2. The method of claim 1, in which to determine the location of the station (s) (MS), the station (s) need not have a dedicated connection to the network.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, in which one or more times a method for performing a cell change is used to determine the location of the station (s) (MS) regardless of whether the station (s) (MS) is active in the transmission mode or is passive in sleep mode.

4. The method according to claim 1, in which the accuracy of the location values and measured values stored in the memory, in particular the reception level, interference level and / or retention time (timing advance TA) of the station (s) (MS) are averaged and improved over time.

5. The method according to any preceding claim, in which to determine the location of the station (s) (MS) e - or multiple em method for activating the station (MS) is used by means of a polling request.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the network-side devices are supplied with the values stored on the network side when the location of at least one station (MS) is requested.

7. The method according to any preceding claim, wherein the station (MS) for determining the location of a network-side device (BTS) is addressed in a packet data service mode (GPRS / EGPRS).

8. The method as claimed in claim 1, in which maps for displaying signal field strengths, interference levels or the network load are created using the stored values.

9. The method as claimed in claim 1, in which the network independently sends messages to the station (MS) on the basis of the stored location values and when predefined trigger points are met, or other network-side units prompted for this.

10. Communication system device for performing a method according to a preceding claim for location determination of packet data service-capable stations (MS) m a radio communication system (GSM) with

- if necessary, at least one network-side network station (BTS) for operating at least one radio cell (Z) within the at least one station (MS) communicates with the network station (BTS) via a radio interface (V), - at least one network device for instructing the station ( en) (MS) to carry out a location determination on request to determine the location of the station (s) (MS), marked by

- A network-side memory (X) for storing current locations or for storing TA values and / or reception / interference levels of the station (s) (MS) required for determining locations.

11. Location memory (X) for the communication system according to claim 10 or for storing current locations of station (s) (MS) determined according to a method according to one of claims 1-9.