EP1355294A1 - Multicomponent acoustically-resistive layer for a sound-absorbing panel and panel having such a layer - Google Patents

Multicomponent acoustically-resistive layer for a sound-absorbing panel and panel having such a layer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1355294A1
EP1355294A1 EP03362003A EP03362003A EP1355294A1 EP 1355294 A1 EP1355294 A1 EP 1355294A1 EP 03362003 A EP03362003 A EP 03362003A EP 03362003 A EP03362003 A EP 03362003A EP 1355294 A1 EP1355294 A1 EP 1355294A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
component
structural component
layer
layer according
fibers
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Granted
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EP03362003A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1355294B1 (en
Inventor
Robert André
Michel Buge
Alain Porte
Eric Rambaud
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Airbus Operations SAS
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Airbus Operations SAS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an acoustically resistive layer consisting of a plurality of superimposed and linked components and intended for constitute one of the elements of an acoustic attenuation panel, including a panel intended to be mounted in the walls of nacelles aircraft turbojets.
  • this type of panel incorporates an alveolar core, such that a honeycomb structure flanked, incident sound wave side, of a acoustic damping layer and, on the opposite side, a reflector back.
  • the acoustic damping layer is a porous structure with a role dissipative, that is to say, partially transforming the acoustic energy of the sound wave passing through it in heat.
  • This porous structure may be, for example, a metal fabric or a carbon fiber fabric whose weaving makes it possible to fulfill its function dissipating.
  • acoustic panels in front for example in the case of panels equipping nacelles of turbojet engines, also have structural properties sufficient to, in particular, receive and transfer aerodynamic efforts, inertial and those related to the maintenance of the nacelle, to the structural nacelle / engine links, it is necessary to confer on the acoustic damping layer of structural properties.
  • the present invention aims to improve these types of layer acoustic damping by optimizing their resistance to efforts requiring panels equipped with such resistive layers, both axially and radially, the forces generated by the aerodynamic flow, the engine thrust and during thrust reversal.
  • the fibers of the first structural component consist of wicks or slicks unidirectional for example carbon or glass pre-impregnated with a thermoplastic resin, in particular a resin of the family of polyetheretherketones (PEEK) or the family of polyetherimides (PEI).
  • a thermoplastic resin in particular a resin of the family of polyetheretherketones (PEEK) or the family of polyetherimides (PEI).
  • the fibers of the second structural component can also be consisting of unidirectional wicks or layers of carbon or glass, pre-impregnated with a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin.
  • the fibers of the first structural component consist of a fabric for example carbon or glass, pre-impregnated with a PEI type resin, the weft or chain of said fabric being oriented in said direction of flow aerodynamic.
  • the fibers of the second structural component can also be made of a carbon or glass fabric, weft or warp threads said fabric being oriented orthogonally to said direction of flow aerodynamic.
  • the first and second structural components have non-circular openings each having their largest dimension respectively parallel to the direction of the flow aerodynamically and orthogonally to the latter, said openings being preferably rectangular.
  • an intermediate component is interposed between the dissipative component and the second component structure, said intermediate component having a surface area open and being formed of at least one layer of fibers per example of carbon or glass bonded by a resin preferably thermoplastic material, said fibers being oriented in the direction of aerodynamic flow.
  • the intermediate component consists of wicks unidirectional or fabric whose weft or warp threads are oriented along said direction of the aerodynamic flow.
  • the intermediate component is arranged so identical to the first acoustically speaking structural component, that is to say with an identical open area rate and the openings of one of the components facing the openings of the other.
  • the first structural component of such an acoustically layer resistive allows to recover the efforts generated by the flow aerodynamics, as well as those generated by the engine, while the second structural component allows to resume orbital efforts or radial.
  • the invention also relates to an acoustic attenuation panel incorporating such an acoustically resistive layer, in particular a panel reactor nacelle air inlet, whether it consists of several segments or sectors, abutting by splinting, or of a single part comprising a single splits.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a portion of an attenuation panel acoustic for example a reactor nacelle air inlet panel, constituted, in the known manner, a sandwich formed of a central core 1 of alveolar type, flanked, aerodynamic flow side, of a layer acoustically resistive 2 and, on the opposite side, a total reflector 3.
  • a reactor nacelle air inlet panel constituted, in the known manner, a sandwich formed of a central core 1 of alveolar type, flanked, aerodynamic flow side, of a layer acoustically resistive 2 and, on the opposite side, a total reflector 3.
  • the acoustically resistive layer 2 is consisting of a first structural component 4 directly in contact with the aerodynamic flow whose direction is indicated by the arrow.
  • the first structural component 4 has a surface area appropriate open method defined, in the illustrated embodiment, by rectangular openings 5 arranged in staggered rows, aligned longitudinally along the direction of the aerodynamic flow.
  • Component 4 consists for example of a sheet of material composite obtained from wicks or layers of unidirectional fibers pre-impregnated with a suitable resin, the fibers being oriented according to the direction of aerodynamic flow.
  • the fibers are chosen for example from the group comprising the carbon fiber, glass, Kevlar, aramid fibers, fiber carbon or glass being used preferentially.
  • the impregnating resin is preferably a thermoplastic resin and in particular a resin of the family of polyetheretherketones (PEEK) or the family of polyetherimides (PEI).
  • PEEK polyetheretherketones
  • PEI polyetherimides
  • the openings 5 are made by cutting to the press after polymerization of the fiber impregnating resin for consolidation purposes composite material.
  • the perforated composite sheet constituting component 4 extends over the entire surface to cover the segment or sector of panel to achieve. Several identical sheets can be superimposed to form the component 4.
  • a dissipative component 6 consisting of a metal fabric or "wiremesh", especially a stainless steel fabric.
  • a second structural component 7 constituted, in the embodiment represented, unidirectional fibers oriented orthogonally to the direction of aerodynamic flow. These fibers can be the same as those of component 4.
  • the resin of component 4 is preferably of the type thermoplastic ensuring a good cohesion between the component 4 and the metal fabric 6,
  • the resin of component 7 can be a resin thermosetting material, such as an epoxy resin, which is sufficient for ensure adherence between component 7 and the other constituents of panel, the component 7 not being solicited by the flow aerodynamic.
  • a thermoplastic resin can nevertheless be used.
  • the appropriate open area ratio of component 7 can be obtained, as illustrated, by regular spacings 8 between wicks or groups of fibers 9, the production of the component being obtained by removal Filament.
  • the adhesion between the various constituents 1, 2, 3 of the sandwich is obtained by polymerization of the impregnating resin or resins, in the manner known.
  • Component 4 is first put in place on a mandrel (no shown) to the shape of the panel to be made, the openings 5 being arranged axially to said mandrel.
  • the metal fabric 6 is put in place. Then, the locks or fibers 9 are wound on the mandrel.
  • the alveolar core 1, as well as the rear reflector 3, are place, the whole being then put in an oven or autoclave for the purpose of polymerization.
  • the first structural component 4 may alternatively consist of a fabric whose weft or warp threads are oriented parallel to the direction of the aerodynamic flow, the sheet being pierced with openings, after consolidation of the composite material.
  • openings in the sheet may have variable dimensions and any shape, circular or non-circular.
  • the second structural component 7 may alternatively consist of of a fabric of pre-impregnated fibers whose weft or warp threads are oriented orthogonally to the direction of the aerodynamic flow, the fabric, after consolidation, being pierced with appropriate openings conferring on the component the appropriate open area ratio, the openings may have variable dimensions and any shape, circular or non-circular, in relation to the openings of the first component 4.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the panel of FIG. 1, according to which between the metallic fabric 6 and the second structural component 7 is interposed an intermediate component 10 reinforcing the action of the structural component 4.
  • the intermediate component 10 comprises fibers, for example carbon or glass oriented parallel to the direction of the aerodynamic flow and includes a open area ratio corresponding to that of the first structural component 4.
  • the impregnating resin of the fibers of component 10 is a thermoplastic type resin providing a better bond with the metal fabric 6.
  • the component 10 can be, as illustrated, identical to the component 4, that is to say formed of one or more composite sheets comprising unidirectional or woven fibers pierced with apertures 11 similar to openings 5 and next to them.
  • Component 10 can of course have a different constitution of that shown, in particular that of component 4.
  • the alveolar core 1 may consist of several layers separated by septa.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

The panel, comprising a cellular core (1) with a sounddamping layer (2) on one side and a total reflective layer (3) on the other, has the sound-damping layer made from a structural component (4) of resinbound fibres in contact with and parallel to the aerodynamic flow, a dissipating layer (6) of metallic fabric and a second structural component (7) of resin-bound fibres lying orthogonal to the aerodynamic flow. The two structural components have open surfaces and are made from glass, carbon or polymer fibres, and the metallic fabric is preferably of stainless steel.

Description

La présente invention a trait à une couche acoustiquement résistive constituée d'une pluralité de composantes superposées et liées et destinée à constituer l'un des éléments d'un panneau d'atténuation acoustique, notamment d'un panneau destiné à être monté dans des parois de nacelles de turboréacteurs d'aéronefs.The present invention relates to an acoustically resistive layer consisting of a plurality of superimposed and linked components and intended for constitute one of the elements of an acoustic attenuation panel, including a panel intended to be mounted in the walls of nacelles aircraft turbojets.

Dans la pratique, ce type de panneau intègre une âme alvéolaire, telle qu'une structure en nid d'abeilles flanquée, côté onde sonore incidente, d'une couche d'amortissement acoustique et, du côté opposé, d'un réflecteur arrière.In practice, this type of panel incorporates an alveolar core, such that a honeycomb structure flanked, incident sound wave side, of a acoustic damping layer and, on the opposite side, a reflector back.

La couche d'amortissement acoustique est une structure poreuse à rôle dissipatif, c'est-à-dire transformant partiellement l'énergie acoustique de l'onde sonore la traversant en chaleur.The acoustic damping layer is a porous structure with a role dissipative, that is to say, partially transforming the acoustic energy of the sound wave passing through it in heat.

Cette structure poreuse peut être, par exemple, un tissu métallique ou un tissu de fibres de carbone dont le tissage permet de remplir sa fonction dissipatrice.This porous structure may be, for example, a metal fabric or a carbon fiber fabric whose weaving makes it possible to fulfill its function dissipating.

Ces panneaux acoustiques devant, par exemple dans le cas de panneaux équipant des nacelles de turboréacteurs, également avoir des propriétés structurales suffisantes pour notamment recevoir et transférer les efforts aérodynamiques, inertiels et ceux liés à la maintenance de la nacelle, vers les liaisons structurales nacelle / moteur, il est nécessaire de conférer à la couche d'amortissement acoustique des propriétés structurales. These acoustic panels in front, for example in the case of panels equipping nacelles of turbojet engines, also have structural properties sufficient to, in particular, receive and transfer aerodynamic efforts, inertial and those related to the maintenance of the nacelle, to the structural nacelle / engine links, it is necessary to confer on the acoustic damping layer of structural properties.

A cette fin on a déjà proposé de réaliser une couche d'amortissement acoustique à deux composantes superposées, l'une structurale et l'autre poreuse et dissipatrice, la composante structurale étant, soit disposée entre la structure alvéolaire et la composante dissipatrice, comme illustré par le brevet GB 2 130 963, soit disposée au contact avec l'onde sonore incidente, comme illustré par le document EP 0 911 803.For this purpose it has already been proposed to produce a damping layer two-component acoustics, one structural and the other porous and dissipative, the structural component being either disposed between the alveolar structure and the dissipative component, as illustrated by the patent GB 2 130 963, disposed in contact with the incident sound wave, as illustrated by EP 0 911 803.

La présente invention vise à perfectionner ces types de couche d'amortissement acoustique en optimisant leur capacité de résistance aux efforts sollicitant les panneaux équipés de telles couches résistives, à la fois axialement et radialement, efforts générés par l'écoulement aérodynamique, la poussée du moteur et lors de l'inversion de poussée.The present invention aims to improve these types of layer acoustic damping by optimizing their resistance to efforts requiring panels equipped with such resistive layers, both axially and radially, the forces generated by the aerodynamic flow, the engine thrust and during thrust reversal.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet une couche acoustiquement résistive multicomposant, pour panneau d'atténuation acoustique du type constitué d'une âme alvéolaire flanquée, côté onde sonore incidente, d'une couche d'amortissement acoustique et, du côté opposé, d'un réflecteur arrière, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est constituée :

  • d'une première composante structurale en contact avec l'écoulement aérodynamique et formée d'au moins une couche de fibres liées par une résine appropriée et orientées selon la direction de l'écoulement aérodynamique, ladite composante comportant un taux de surface ouverte approprié ;
  • d'une composante dissipatrice disposée contre la face de ladite première composante opposée audit écoulement, formée d'un tissu métallique ;
  • et d'une seconde composante structurale formée d'au moins une couche de fibres liées par une résine appropriée, orientées orthogonalement à ladite direction d'écoulement aérodynamique, ladite seconde composante structurale étant liée à ladite âme alvéolaire et comportant un taux de surface ouverte approprié.
For this purpose, the subject of the invention is an acoustically resistive multicomponent layer for an acoustic attenuation panel of the type consisting of a cellular core flanked, on the incident sound wave side, of an acoustic damping layer and, on the opposite side , a rear reflector, characterized in that it consists of:
  • a first structural component in contact with the aerodynamic flow and formed of at least one layer of fibers bonded by a suitable resin and oriented in the direction of the aerodynamic flow, said component having an appropriate open surface ratio;
  • a dissipating component disposed against the face of said first component opposite said flow, formed of a metal fabric;
  • and a second structural component formed of at least one fiber layer bonded by a suitable resin, oriented orthogonally to said aerodynamic flow direction, said second structural component being bonded to said cellular core and having an appropriate open surface ratio .

Suivant un mode de mise en oeuvre, les fibres de la première composante structurale sont constituées de mèches ou nappes unidirectionnelles par exemple de carbone ou de verre pré-imprégnées d'une résine thermoplastique, notamment une résine de la famille de polyétheréthercétones (PEEK) ou de la famille des polyétherimides (PEI).According to one embodiment, the fibers of the first structural component consist of wicks or slicks unidirectional for example carbon or glass pre-impregnated with a thermoplastic resin, in particular a resin of the family of polyetheretherketones (PEEK) or the family of polyetherimides (PEI).

Les fibres de la seconde composante structurale peuvent être également constituées de mèches ou nappes unidirectionnelles, de carbone ou de verre, pré-imprégnées d'une résine thermoplastique ou thermodurcissable.The fibers of the second structural component can also be consisting of unidirectional wicks or layers of carbon or glass, pre-impregnated with a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin.

Suivant un autre mode de mise en oeuvre, les fibres de la première composante structurale sont constituées d'un tissu par exemple de carbone ou de verre, pré-imprégnées d'une résine de type PEI, les fils de trame ou de chaíne dudit tissu étant orientés selon ladite direction de l'écoulement aérodynamique.According to another embodiment, the fibers of the first structural component consist of a fabric for example carbon or glass, pre-impregnated with a PEI type resin, the weft or chain of said fabric being oriented in said direction of flow aerodynamic.

Les fibres de la seconde composante structurale peuvent également être constituées d'un tissu de carbone ou de verre, les fils de trame ou de chaíne dudit tissu étant orientés orthogonalement à ladite direction de l'écoulement aérodynamique.The fibers of the second structural component can also be made of a carbon or glass fabric, weft or warp threads said fabric being oriented orthogonally to said direction of flow aerodynamic.

Avantageusement, les première et seconde composantes structurales présentent des ouvertures non-circulaires présentant chacune leur plus grande dimension respectivement parallèlement à la direction de l'écoulement aérodynamique et orthogonalement à cette dernière, lesdites ouvertures étant de préférence rectangulaires.Advantageously, the first and second structural components have non-circular openings each having their largest dimension respectively parallel to the direction of the flow aerodynamically and orthogonally to the latter, said openings being preferably rectangular.

Suivant encore un autre mode de réalisation, afin de renforcer la tenue à l'effort de la première composante structurale une composante intermédiaire est interposée entre la composante dissipatrice et la seconde composante structurale, ladite composante intermédiaire comportant un taux de surface ouverte approprié et étant formée d'au moins une couche de fibres par exemple de carbone ou de verre liées par une résine de préférence thermoplastique, lesdites fibres, étant orientées selon la direction de l'écoulement aérodynamique.According to yet another embodiment, in order to reinforce the holding at the effort of the first structural component an intermediate component is interposed between the dissipative component and the second component structure, said intermediate component having a surface area open and being formed of at least one layer of fibers per example of carbon or glass bonded by a resin preferably thermoplastic material, said fibers being oriented in the direction of aerodynamic flow.

La composante intermédiaire est constituée de mèches unidirectionnelles ou d'un tissu dont les fils de trame ou de chaíne sont orientés suivant ladite direction de l'écoulement aérodynamique.The intermediate component consists of wicks unidirectional or fabric whose weft or warp threads are oriented along said direction of the aerodynamic flow.

De préférence, la composante intermédiaire est disposée de manière identique à la première composante structurale acoustiquement parlant, c'est-à-dire avec un taux de surface ouverte identique et les ouvertures de l'une des composantes en regard des ouvertures de l'autre.Preferably, the intermediate component is arranged so identical to the first acoustically speaking structural component, that is to say with an identical open area rate and the openings of one of the components facing the openings of the other.

La première composante structurale d'une telle couche acoustiquement résistive permet de reprendre les efforts générés par l'écoulement aérodynamique, ainsi que ceux générés par le moteur, cependant que la seconde composante structurale permet de reprendre les efforts orbitaux ou radiaux.The first structural component of such an acoustically layer resistive allows to recover the efforts generated by the flow aerodynamics, as well as those generated by the engine, while the second structural component allows to resume orbital efforts or radial.

En dissociant les éléments de reprise des efforts, on améliore la reprise de chaque effort.By separating the recovery elements from the efforts, we improve the recovery of each effort.

Par ailleurs, notamment dans le cas de la réalisation de la première composante structurale avec des ouvertures rectangulaires longitudinalement orientées selon la direction de l'écoulement aérodynamique, on obtient une couche résistive particulièrement résistante à l'arrachement.Moreover, in particular in the case of the realization of the first structural component with rectangular openings longitudinally oriented in the direction of the aerodynamic flow, we obtain a Resistive layer particularly resistant to tearing.

L'invention a également pour objet un panneau d'atténuation acoustique incorporant une telle couche acoustiquement résistive, notamment un panneau d'entrée d'air de nacelle de réacteur, qu'il soit constitué de plusieurs segments ou secteurs, aboutés par éclissage, ou d'une seule partie comportant une unique éclisse.The invention also relates to an acoustic attenuation panel incorporating such an acoustically resistive layer, in particular a panel reactor nacelle air inlet, whether it consists of several segments or sectors, abutting by splinting, or of a single part comprising a single splits.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages ressortiront de la description qui va suivre de modes de mise en oeuvre du dispositif de l'invention, description donnée à titre d'exemple uniquement et en regard des dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue partielle en perspective d'un panneau d'atténuation acoustique muni d'une couche acoustiquement résistive conforme à l'invention, et
  • la figure 2 est une vue analogue à celle de la figure 1, illustrant une variante de réalisation.
Other features and advantages will emerge from the following description of embodiments of the device of the invention, a description given by way of example only and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of an acoustic attenuation panel provided with an acoustically resistive layer according to the invention, and
  • Figure 2 is a view similar to that of Figure 1, illustrating an alternative embodiment.

Sur la figure 1, on a représenté une partie d'un panneau d'atténuation acoustique par exemple un panneau d'entrée d'air de nacelle de réacteur, constitué, à la manière connue, d'un sandwich formé d'une âme centrale 1 de type alvéolaire, flanquée, côté écoulement aérodynamique, d'une couche acoustiquement résistive 2 et, côté opposé, d'un réflecteur total 3. In Figure 1, there is shown a portion of an attenuation panel acoustic for example a reactor nacelle air inlet panel, constituted, in the known manner, a sandwich formed of a central core 1 of alveolar type, flanked, aerodynamic flow side, of a layer acoustically resistive 2 and, on the opposite side, a total reflector 3.

Conformément à l'invention, la couche acoustiquement résistive 2 est constituée d'une première composante structurale 4 directement en contact avec l'écoulement aérodynamique dont le sens est indiqué par la flèche.According to the invention, the acoustically resistive layer 2 is consisting of a first structural component 4 directly in contact with the aerodynamic flow whose direction is indicated by the arrow.

La première composante structurale 4 présente un taux de surface ouverte approprié défini, dans le mode de réalisation illustré, par des ouvertures rectangulaires 5 disposées en quinconce, alignées longitudinalement suivant la direction de l'écoulement aérodynamique.The first structural component 4 has a surface area appropriate open method defined, in the illustrated embodiment, by rectangular openings 5 arranged in staggered rows, aligned longitudinally along the direction of the aerodynamic flow.

La composante 4 est constituée par exemple par une tôle en matériau composite obtenue à partir de mèches ou nappes de fibres unidirectionnelles pré-imprégnées d'une résine appropriée, les fibres étant orientées suivant la direction de l'écoulement aérodynamique.Component 4 consists for example of a sheet of material composite obtained from wicks or layers of unidirectional fibers pre-impregnated with a suitable resin, the fibers being oriented according to the direction of aerodynamic flow.

Les fibres sont choisies par exemple dans le groupe comprenant les fibres de carbone, de verre, de Kevlar, les fibres aramides, les fibres de carbone ou de verre étant utilisées préférentiellement.The fibers are chosen for example from the group comprising the carbon fiber, glass, Kevlar, aramid fibers, fiber carbon or glass being used preferentially.

La résine d'imprégnation est de préférence une résine thermoplastique et notamment une résine de la famille des polyétheréthercétones (PEEK) ou de la famille des polyétherimides (PEI).The impregnating resin is preferably a thermoplastic resin and in particular a resin of the family of polyetheretherketones (PEEK) or the family of polyetherimides (PEI).

Les ouvertures 5 sont réalisées par découpe à la presse après polymérisation de la résine d'imprégnation des fibres aux fins de consolidation du matériau composite.The openings 5 are made by cutting to the press after polymerization of the fiber impregnating resin for consolidation purposes composite material.

La tôle composite perforée constituant la composante 4 s'étend sur toute la surface à recouvrir du segment ou secteur de panneau à réaliser. Plusieurs tôles identiques peuvent être superposées pour former la composante 4.The perforated composite sheet constituting component 4 extends over the entire surface to cover the segment or sector of panel to achieve. Several identical sheets can be superimposed to form the component 4.

Sous la première composante structurale 4 est disposée une composante dissipatrice 6 constituée d'un tissu métallique ou "wiremesh", tout particulièrement un tissu en acier inoxydable.Under the first structural component 4 is arranged a dissipative component 6 consisting of a metal fabric or "wiremesh", especially a stainless steel fabric.

Entre le tissu métallique 6 et l'âme alvéolaire 1 est interposée une seconde composante structurale 7 constituée, dans le mode de réalisation représenté, de fibres unidirectionnelles orientées orthogonalement à la direction de l'écoulement aérodynamique. Ces fibres peuvent être du même type que celles de la composante 4. Between the metal fabric 6 and the alveolar core 1 is interposed a second structural component 7 constituted, in the embodiment represented, unidirectional fibers oriented orthogonally to the direction of aerodynamic flow. These fibers can be the same as those of component 4.

Alors que la résine de la composante 4 est de préférence du type thermoplastique assurant une bonne cohésion entre la composante 4 et le tissu métallique 6, la résine de la composante 7 peut être une résine thermodurcissable, telle qu'une résine époxyde, ce qui est suffisant pour assurer l'adhérence entre la composante 7 et les autres constituants du panneau, la composante 7 n'étant pas sollicitée par l'écoulement aérodynamique. Une résine thermoplastique peut néanmoins être utilisée.While the resin of component 4 is preferably of the type thermoplastic ensuring a good cohesion between the component 4 and the metal fabric 6, the resin of component 7 can be a resin thermosetting material, such as an epoxy resin, which is sufficient for ensure adherence between component 7 and the other constituents of panel, the component 7 not being solicited by the flow aerodynamic. A thermoplastic resin can nevertheless be used.

Le taux approprié de surface ouverte de la composante 7 peut être obtenu, comme illustré, par des espacements réguliers 8 entre mèches ou groupes de fibres 9, la réalisation de la composante étant obtenue par dépose filamentaire.The appropriate open area ratio of component 7 can be obtained, as illustrated, by regular spacings 8 between wicks or groups of fibers 9, the production of the component being obtained by removal Filament.

L'adhésion entre les divers constituants 1, 2, 3 du sandwich est obtenue par polymérisation de la ou des résines d'imprégnation, à la manière connue.The adhesion between the various constituents 1, 2, 3 of the sandwich is obtained by polymerization of the impregnating resin or resins, in the manner known.

La composante 4 est en premier lieu mise en place sur un mandrin (non représenté) à la forme du panneau à réaliser, les ouvertures 5 étant disposées axialement audit mandrin.Component 4 is first put in place on a mandrel (no shown) to the shape of the panel to be made, the openings 5 being arranged axially to said mandrel.

Puis, le tissu métallique 6 est mis en place. Ensuite, les mèches ou fibres 9 sont bobinées sur le mandrin.Then, the metal fabric 6 is put in place. Then, the locks or fibers 9 are wound on the mandrel.

Enfin, l'âme alvéolaire 1, ainsi que le réflecteur arrière 3, sont mis en place, l'ensemble étant ensuite mis en étuve ou en autoclave à des fins de polymérisation.Finally, the alveolar core 1, as well as the rear reflector 3, are place, the whole being then put in an oven or autoclave for the purpose of polymerization.

Sur un même mandrin, il est possible de réaliser simultanément les divers segments ou secteurs constituant un panneau d'entrée d'air.On the same mandrel, it is possible to simultaneously various segments or sectors constituting an air intake panel.

La première composante structurale 4 peut être en variante constituée d'un tissu dont les fils de trame, ou de chaíne, sont orientés parallèlement à la direction de l'écoulement aérodynamique, la tôle étant percée d'ouvertures, après consolidation du matériau composite.The first structural component 4 may alternatively consist of a fabric whose weft or warp threads are oriented parallel to the direction of the aerodynamic flow, the sheet being pierced with openings, after consolidation of the composite material.

Il est à noter que les ouvertures ménagées dans la tôle peuvent avoir des dimensions variables et une forme quelconque, circulaire ou non-circulaire.It should be noted that openings in the sheet may have variable dimensions and any shape, circular or non-circular.

La seconde composante structurale 7 peut être en variante constituée d'un tissu de fibres pré-imprégnées dont les fils de trame ou de chaíne sont orientées orthogonalement à la direction de l'écoulement aérodynamique, le tissu, après consolidation, étant percé d'ouvertures appropriées conférant à la composante le taux de surface ouverte approprié, les ouvertures pouvant avoir des dimensions variables et une forme quelconque, circulaire ou non-circulaire, en rapport avec les ouvertures de la première composante 4.The second structural component 7 may alternatively consist of of a fabric of pre-impregnated fibers whose weft or warp threads are oriented orthogonally to the direction of the aerodynamic flow, the fabric, after consolidation, being pierced with appropriate openings conferring on the component the appropriate open area ratio, the openings may have variable dimensions and any shape, circular or non-circular, in relation to the openings of the first component 4.

La figure 2 illustre une variante de réalisation du panneau de la figure 1, selon laquelle entre le tissu métallique 6 et la seconde composante structurale 7 est interposée une composante intermédiaire 10 de renfort de l'action de la première composante structurale 4. A cet effet, la composante intermédiaire 10 comporte des fibres par exemple de carbone ou de verre orientées parallèlement à la direction de l'écoulement aérodynamique et comporte un taux de surface ouverte en correspondance avec celui de la première composante structurale 4.FIG. 2 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the panel of FIG. 1, according to which between the metallic fabric 6 and the second structural component 7 is interposed an intermediate component 10 reinforcing the action of the structural component 4. For this purpose, the intermediate component 10 comprises fibers, for example carbon or glass oriented parallel to the direction of the aerodynamic flow and includes a open area ratio corresponding to that of the first structural component 4.

De préférence, la résine d'imprégnation des fibres de la composante 10 est une résine de type thermoplastique assurant une meilleure liaison avec le tissu métallique 6.Preferably, the impregnating resin of the fibers of component 10 is a thermoplastic type resin providing a better bond with the metal fabric 6.

La composante 10 peut être, comme illustré, identique à la composante 4, c'est-à-dire formée d'une ou plusieurs tôles composites comportant des fibres unidirectionnelles ou tissées, percées d'ouvertures 11 analogues aux ouvertures 5 et en regard de ces dernières.The component 10 can be, as illustrated, identical to the component 4, that is to say formed of one or more composite sheets comprising unidirectional or woven fibers pierced with apertures 11 similar to openings 5 and next to them.

La composante 10 peut bien entendu avoir une constitution différente de celle représentée, en fonction notamment de celle de la composante 4.Component 10 can of course have a different constitution of that shown, in particular that of component 4.

Il est à noter que l'âme alvéolaire 1 peut être constituée de plusieurs couches séparées par des septums.It should be noted that the alveolar core 1 may consist of several layers separated by septa.

Claims (12)

Couche acoustiquement résistive multicomposant, pour panneau d'atténuation acoustique du type constitué d'une âme alvéolaire (1) flanquée, côté onde sonore incidente, d'une couche d'amortissement acoustique (2) et, du côté opposé, d'un réflecteur arrière (3), caractérisée en ce qu'elle est constituée : d'une première composante structurale (4) en contact avec l'écoulement aérodynamique et formée d'au moins une couche de fibres liées par une résine appropriée et orientées selon la direction de l'écoulement aérodynamique, ladite composante (4) comportant un taux de surface ouverte approprié ; d'une composante dissipatrice (6) disposée contre la face de ladite première composante (4) opposée audit écoulement, formée d'un tissu métallique ; et d'une seconde composante structurale (7) formée d'au moins une couche de fibres liées par une résine appropriée, orientées orthogonalement à ladite direction d'écoulement aérodynamique, ladite seconde composante structurale (7) étant liée à ladite âme alvéolaire (1) et comportant un taux de surface ouverte approprié. Acoustically resistive multicomponent layer for an acoustic attenuation panel of the type consisting of a cellular core (1) flanked, on the incident sound wave side, of an acoustic damping layer (2) and, on the opposite side, of a reflector rear (3), characterized in that it consists of: a first structural component (4) in contact with the aerodynamic flow and formed of at least one layer of fibers bonded by a suitable resin and oriented in the direction of the aerodynamic flow, said component (4) comprising a appropriate open area; a dissipating component (6) disposed against the face of said first component (4) opposed to said flow formed of a metal fabric; and a second structural component (7) formed of at least one fiber layer bonded by a suitable resin, oriented orthogonally to said aerodynamic flow direction, said second structural component (7) being bonded to said cellular core (1 ) and having an appropriate open area ratio. Couche suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les fibres des première et seconde composantes structurales (4, 7) sont constituées de mèches ou nappes unidirectionnelles.Layer according to Claim 1, characterized in that the fibers of the first and second structural components (4, 7) consist of unidirectional strands or layers. Couche suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les première et seconde composantes structurales (4, 7) sont constituées d'un tissu dont les fils, de trame ou de chaíne, sont parallèles à ladite direction de l'écoulement aérodynamique.Layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second structural components (4, 7) consist of a fabric whose son, weft or chain, are parallel to said direction of the aerodynamic flow. Couche suivant la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que les fibres sont des fibres de carbone ou de verre. Layer according to Claim 2, characterized in that the fibers are carbon or glass fibers. Couche suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que les fibres de la première composante structurale (4) sont pré-imprégnées d'une résine thermoplastique.Layer according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fibers of the first structural component (4) are pre-impregnated with a thermoplastic resin. Couche suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que les fibres de la seconde composante structurale (7) sont pré-imprégnées d'une résine thermodurcissable.Layer according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fibers of the second structural component (7) are pre-impregnated with a thermosetting resin. Couche suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que la première composante structurale (4) est percée d'ouvertures non circulaires, notamment des ouvertures rectangulaires (5) orientée parallèlement à ladite direction de l'écoulement aérodynamique.Layer according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first structural component (4) is pierced with non-circular openings, in particular rectangular openings (5) oriented parallel to said direction of the aerodynamic flow. Couche suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que la composante dissipatrice (6) est un tissu métallique, notamment en acier inoxydable.Layer according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the dissipating component (6) is a metal fabric, in particular stainless steel. Couche suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que la seconde composante structurale (7) est constituée de mèches de fibres parallèles (9) ménageant entre elles un espacement (8) déterminé.Layer according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the second structural component (7) consists of parallel fiber locks (9) between them a spacing (8) determined. Couche suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte, en outre, une composante intermédiaire (10) de renfort de la première composante structurale (4), interposée entre la composante dissipatrice (6) et la seconde composante structurale (7), constituée et disposée de manière identique à la première composante structurale (4).Layer according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises, in addition, an intermediate component (10) for reinforcing the first structural component (4), interposed between the dissipative component (6) and the second structural component (7), constituted and disposed identically to the first structural component (4). Couche suivant la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que la première composante structurale (4) et la composante intermédiaire (10) sont constituées d'au moins une tôle en matériau composite percée d'ouvertures rectangulaires (5, 11), les ouvertures des deux composantes (4, 10) étant en regard.Layer according to Claim 10, characterized in that the first structural component (4) and the intermediate component (10) consist of at least one sheet of composite material pierced with rectangular openings (5, 11), the openings of the two components (4, 10) being opposite. Panneau d'atténuation acoustique comportant au moins une éclisse, constitué d'un ou plusieurs segments ou secteurs dont les bords sont réunis par éclissage et munis chacun d'une couche acoustiquement résistive selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11.Acoustic attenuation panel comprising at least one splint, consisting of one or more segments or sectors whose edges are joined by bolting and each provided with an acoustically resistive layer according to any of claims 1 to 11.
EP03362003A 2002-04-17 2003-04-15 Multicomponent acoustically-resistive layer for a sound-absorbing panel and panel having such a layer Expired - Lifetime EP1355294B1 (en)

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FR0204801A FR2838860B1 (en) 2002-04-17 2002-04-17 MULTICOMPONENT ACOUSTICALLY RESISTIVE LAYER FOR ACOUSTICAL ATTENUATION PANEL AND PANEL THUS OBTAINED

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EP1355294B1 (en) 2008-07-16
US6840349B2 (en) 2005-01-11
CA2425364A1 (en) 2003-10-17
FR2838860B1 (en) 2005-01-21
ATE401643T1 (en) 2008-08-15
DE60322140D1 (en) 2008-08-28
US20040016595A1 (en) 2004-01-29
FR2838860A1 (en) 2003-10-24

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