EP1350083A1 - Differenzdrucksensor und verfahren zur differenzdruckmessung - Google Patents
Differenzdrucksensor und verfahren zur differenzdruckmessungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1350083A1 EP1350083A1 EP02710777A EP02710777A EP1350083A1 EP 1350083 A1 EP1350083 A1 EP 1350083A1 EP 02710777 A EP02710777 A EP 02710777A EP 02710777 A EP02710777 A EP 02710777A EP 1350083 A1 EP1350083 A1 EP 1350083A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- sensor according
- differential pressure
- pressure sensor
- vessel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L9/00—Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
- G01L9/0041—Transmitting or indicating the displacement of flexible diaphragms
- G01L9/0072—Transmitting or indicating the displacement of flexible diaphragms using variations in capacitance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L13/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring differences of two or more fluid pressure values
- G01L13/02—Devices or apparatus for measuring differences of two or more fluid pressure values using elastically-deformable members or pistons as sensing elements
- G01L13/025—Devices or apparatus for measuring differences of two or more fluid pressure values using elastically-deformable members or pistons as sensing elements using diaphragms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
- G01L19/04—Means for compensating for effects of changes of temperature, i.e. other than electric compensation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a differential pressure sensor and a method for its assembly. More specifically, the invention relates to a differential pressure sensor with an isostatically mounted pressure measuring cell.
- Differential pressure cells are used in particular to measure small pressure differences between large static pressures.
- the cells must therefore be dimensioned so that they can withstand the static pressures.
- the joints between the separating membrane and the half cells must therefore be designed to be strong enough, for example, to withstand the strong peeling stresses which arise due to the large pressure difference between the cell interior and the Environment.
- this inevitably leads to stiffening of the measuring membrane or similar impairments, which ultimately impair the measuring accuracy of the differential pressure sensor.
- the differential pressure sensor according to the invention for determining the differential pressure between two measuring points comprises a pressure container which is filled with a transmission liquid; a measuring cell arranged in the pressure container and surrounded by the transmission liquid, with two half cells and a membrane-like deformation body which separates the two half cells from one another in a pressure-tight manner; two pressure feed lines, each of which feed the pressure from one of the two measuring points to one of the two half cells; and at least one pressure accumulator, the pressure of which acts on the transmission liquid in the container.
- the transmission fluid in the pressure vessel is preferably subjected to a pressure which is greater than the nominal pressure of the differential pressure sensor and particularly preferably greater than the maximum values occurring in the event of pressure surges.
- the pressure accumulator has at least one elastically deformable body which is suitable for compensating for volume changes in the transmission fluid due to temperature fluctuations and for keeping the pressure in the pressure vessel within a predetermined range.
- the pressure accumulator can comprise a pneumatic component, which is compressed when the volume of the transmission fluid increases and, in the opposite case, expands.
- a combination of an elastic body with a pneumatic element is also suitable for realizing a pressure accumulator.
- the force is proportional to the relative change in length of the elastic body.
- the pressure increase is proportional to its relative volume change. Therefore, the expected change in volume of the transmission fluid over the range of operating temperatures and the permissible tolerance range for the pressure in the pressure vessel result in a minimum volume for the pressure accumulator.
- the pressure accumulator can also comprise nonlinearly elastic bodies with a degressive characteristic.
- nonlinear elastic materials include, for example, shape memory alloys, e.g. cold-formed Ni-Ti alloys that form a stress-induced martensite when deflected from an austenitic phase. The transition to the martensitic phase results in a degressive characteristic.
- a non-linear articulation with the resulting degressive characteristic can be realized, for example, via a compression spring arrangement with two or more compression springs, the longitudinal axes of which preferably lie symmetrically on the lateral surface of a cone with a variable opening angle, the axis of symmetry of which defines the compression direction of the pressure accumulator.
- Similar spring arrangements with variable inclination angles or roller springs are also suitable to achieve a degressive characteristic.
- the pressure accumulator can also be realized by compressible or elastic fillers which are introduced into the pressure vessel. On the one hand, this leads to a minimization of the remaining volume in the pressure vessel, which is to be filled with the transmission fluid, and on the other hand, it enables a comparatively simple adaptation of a pressure vessel to different sensor elements by filling the intermediate space with fillers and transmission fluid in a suitable volume ratio, the transmission fluid also the required pressure is applied.
- packing material e.g. massive balls or hollow balls made of elastic materials are possible.
- porous elastic materials the volume fraction of the transmission liquid in the pressure vessel can also be controlled via the porosity.
- the interior of the pressure vessel can also be filled with a suitable foam, the proportion being more closed Pores, open pores and the solid material are the parameters with which the volume remaining for the transmission liquid can be controlled.
- the method according to the invention for measuring a pressure difference between two measuring points comprises the steps of providing a differential pressure measuring cell with two half cells and a separating membrane in a pressure container; Filling the pressure vessel with a transmission fluid; Applying a pressure to the transmission liquid which is at least as great as the nominal pressure at the measuring points; Connecting the two measuring points to a half cell; the differential pressure sensor; and compensating for volume changes in the transmission fluid by means of an elastic pressure accumulator that communicates with the transmission fluid in the pressure vessel.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a differential pressure sensor according to the invention
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a differential pressure sensor according to the invention with an elastic pressure accumulator formed from packing elements;
- the longitudinal section in Fig. 1 shows the essential components of a differential pressure sensor according to the invention.
- the actual measuring cell comprises two half cells 1, which are separated from one another by a measuring membrane 2 in a pressure-tight manner.
- the half cells 1 are each provided with one via two pressure supply lines 7 Measuring point connected and acted upon by the pressure there, whereby the membrane 2 is deformed according to the pressure difference. The deformation is converted either capacitively, resistively or inductively into a measurement signal.
- the measuring cell is enclosed in a pressure vessel which is filled with a transmission liquid, for example a hydraulic oil or the like.
- the transmission fluid should be as little compressible as possible and should be present as a liquid phase over the entire range of operating temperatures.
- the pressure vessel is preferably dimensioned such that it does not suffer any deformation due to changes in volume or pressure of the transmission fluid during operation.
- Metallic materials in particular steel, are suitable as the material for the pressure vessel.
- a filler neck 5 is provided in the embodiment shown, which can be pressed together after filling in order to further increase the pressure in the pressure vessel 4.
- a stamp or piston can also be provided, which is variably introduced to adjust the pressure in the container, for example by screwing it in.
- both a filler neck and a stamp or piston can be provided in each embodiment, even if this is no longer expressly mentioned below.
- a pressure accumulator 6 is also arranged in the pressure container and has an elastically deformable body which compensates for changes in volume of the transmission fluid. Such volume changes occur in particular due to temperature fluctuations in the pressure vessel 4. Without a pressure accumulator, it would not be possible to keep the pressure in the pressure vessel 4 within a tolerance range, since the transmission fluid is not sufficiently compressible.
- the pressure accumulator 60 here comprises a compression spring 61, here a spiral compression spring, which controls the axial deflection of a bellows 62.
- the spring 61 is preferably biased by suitable means (not shown here), so that when the required pressure is applied at the minimum operating temperature of the sensor, ie the minimum volume of the transmission liquid, only a slight additional compression takes place. If if the temperature of the transmission fluid increases, it expands and the associated pressure increase now leads to a further compression of the compression spring 61 and the bellows 62.
- spiral compression spring 61 metallic disc springs and temperature-resistant elastomers, for example EPDM, NBR and HMBR, can also be used as the core of the pressure accumulator.
- the pressure in the pressure vessel should preferably only change within a certain bandwidth over the entire temperature range ⁇ T, in order not to vary the external pressurization of the measuring cell too much.
- ⁇ P / P ⁇ * ⁇ T * Vö
- the pressure fluctuations are inversely proportional to the volume of the elastic body, and for a given body volume proportional to the volume of the oil.
- the volume of the transmission liquid or the oil volume is to be minimized and the volume of the elastic body in relation to the oil volume is to be maximized if the pressure fluctuations in the pressure vessel should be minimized with a linear elastic body.
- the dimensions of the pressure measuring cell and the pressure vessel can be matched to one another so that only a minimal residual volume remains, which is just sufficient to apply the pressure of the transmission liquid completely from the outside.
- the filling bodies are of a sufficiently compressible or elastic material, they can simultaneously perform the function of a pressure accumulator, or an additional pressure accumulator can be made correspondingly smaller.
- FIG. 3 An example of this is given in FIG. 3, in which case the entire space between the walls of the pressure container 240 and the pressure measuring cell is initially filled with compressible fillers 260, for example balls, cylinders, cuboids, tetrahedra or the like. is filled before the remaining volume between the packing bodies is filled with the transfer liquid and this is pressurized with the required pressure.
- compressible fillers 260 for example balls, cylinders, cuboids, tetrahedra or the like.
- High-temperature-stable thermoelastic polymers such as NBR, HNBR or EPDM are particularly suitable as the material for the elastic fillers.
- different materials can also be combined, or the fillers can be made solid or with cavities in order to set the desired elasticity or compressibility.
- it is advantageous to crosslink the fillers with one another for example in order to avoid local accumulation of the fillers in a region of the pressure vessel.
- the pressure accumulator 160 of the example from FIG. 2b comprises a spring arrangement 161 in a bellows 162.
- the pressure springs 161 are not arranged parallel to the direction of compression of the bellows. Instead, a plurality of compression springs 161 are symmetrical on one with their respective first ends Base surface and anchored with its respective second end centrally on the end face of the bellows 162.
- the direction of compression of the individual compression springs 161 is thus inclined with respect to the direction of compression of the bellows, the angle of inclination increasing with the compression of the bellows.
- the system can be designed such that the changes in the restoring force and thus the pressure in the pressure vessel are considerably reduced with increasing compression of the pressure accumulator.
- FIG. 4 shows the pressure development (marked with triangles) following the degressive characteristic curve of an arrangement based on the principle of FIG. 2b compared to the pressure development (marked with squares) when using an arrangement according to FIG. 2a.
- the oil used as transmission fluid has a minimum volume at a low initial temperature, which corresponds to 3.125 times the volume of the pressure accumulator in this state. If the oil expands with increasing temperature by 8% of the oil volume, the pressure accumulator is therefore compressed by 25% of its volume.
- the spring arranged parallel to the compression direction of the pressure accumulator is compressed by 25% of its initial length. This leads to an increase in pressure to 4/3 of the initial value.
- the springs of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2b initially have an angle of inclination of approximately 62 ° to the compression axis of the pressure accumulator with a minimal oil volume. As the compression progresses, the angle of inclination increases to approximately 68 °. In the initial state, the springs are already compressed by 15% to 85% of their equilibrium length, the springs being compressed to approximately 80% of the equilibrium length by 25% compression of the pressure accumulator. As a result, the inclined arrangement of the springs 161 achieves a degressive characteristic curve, which limits the pressure increase due to the compression of the pressure accumulator to approximately 3.3%, while the pressure increase in the linear arrangement is 33%. This is an improvement by a factor of ten.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10101180 | 2001-01-12 | ||
| DE2001101180 DE10101180A1 (de) | 2001-01-12 | 2001-01-12 | Differenzdrucksensor und Verfahren zur Differenzdruckmessung |
| PCT/EP2002/000032 WO2002055978A1 (de) | 2001-01-12 | 2002-01-04 | Differenzdrucksensor und verfahren zur differenzdruckmessung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1350083A1 true EP1350083A1 (de) | 2003-10-08 |
Family
ID=7670352
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02710777A Withdrawn EP1350083A1 (de) | 2001-01-12 | 2002-01-04 | Differenzdrucksensor und verfahren zur differenzdruckmessung |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1350083A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10101180A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2002055978A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6662818B2 (en) | 2002-02-01 | 2003-12-16 | Perseptive Biosystems, Inc. | Programmable tracking pressure regulator for control of higher pressures in microfluidic circuits |
| DE10248281A1 (de) * | 2002-10-16 | 2004-04-29 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | Absolutdrucksensor mit dynamischem Überlastschutz |
| DE102004047419B4 (de) * | 2004-09-28 | 2011-09-15 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | Druckmittler und Drucksensor mit Druckmittler |
| DE102005002658A1 (de) * | 2005-01-19 | 2006-07-27 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | Hydraulischer Druckmittler und Druckaufnehmer bzw. Differenzdruckaufnehmer mit hydraulischem Druckmittler |
| EP1698877B1 (de) * | 2005-03-05 | 2009-06-17 | Grundfos Management A/S | Differenzdrucksensor-Anordnung und zugehöriger Differenzdrucksensor |
| DE102006043499A1 (de) * | 2006-09-12 | 2008-03-27 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Diagnose von Flüssigkeitsverlusten in mit Druck übertragenden Flüssigkeiten gefüllten Druckmessaufnehmern |
| DE102012113033A1 (de) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-26 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | Mechanische Stabilisierung und elektrische sowie hydraulische Adaptierung eines Silizium Chips durch Keramiken |
| DE102014109491A1 (de) | 2014-07-08 | 2016-02-11 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | Differenzdruckmesszelle |
| DE102014113281B3 (de) * | 2014-09-15 | 2015-09-10 | Samson Ag | Differenzdrucksensor |
| DE102016124027A1 (de) * | 2016-12-12 | 2018-06-14 | Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG | Drucksensor |
| DE102019102908A1 (de) | 2019-02-06 | 2020-08-06 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Sensorvorrichtung für Druckmessungen von Fluiden, System für Druckmessungen von Fluiden |
| EP3855149A1 (de) * | 2020-01-23 | 2021-07-28 | Baumer Electric AG | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur überwachung einer membran eines drucksensors |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3152477A (en) * | 1960-06-17 | 1964-10-13 | Joseph J Mascuch | Pressure differential measuring devices |
| GB1042414A (en) * | 1963-05-13 | 1966-09-14 | Honeywell Inc | Improvements in or relating to differential pressure transducers |
| DE1648700B1 (de) * | 1967-09-11 | 1971-11-11 | Siemens Ag | Differenzdruckmesszelle |
| DE2360276A1 (de) * | 1973-12-04 | 1975-06-12 | Eckardt Ag J | Differenzdruckumformer |
| JPS5815049B2 (ja) * | 1977-12-20 | 1983-03-23 | 富士電機株式会社 | 差圧測定装置 |
| GB1597481A (en) * | 1978-04-18 | 1981-09-09 | Honeywell Ltd | Differential pressure sensing device |
| JPS5516228A (en) * | 1978-07-21 | 1980-02-04 | Hitachi Ltd | Capacity type sensor |
| DE9300776U1 (de) * | 1993-01-21 | 1993-05-06 | Reime, Gerd, 7542 Schömberg | Drucksensor zur Messung eines Gas- oder Flüssigkeitsdrucks |
| US5684253A (en) * | 1997-01-08 | 1997-11-04 | Honeywell Inc. | Differential pressure sensor with stress reducing pressure balancing means |
-
2001
- 2001-01-12 DE DE2001101180 patent/DE10101180A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-01-04 WO PCT/EP2002/000032 patent/WO2002055978A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2002-01-04 EP EP02710777A patent/EP1350083A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO02055978A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2002055978A1 (de) | 2002-07-18 |
| DE10101180A1 (de) | 2002-09-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20030712 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO SI |
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| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: NUERNBERGER, RALF Inventor name: DANNHAUER, WOLFGANG Inventor name: BURCZYK, DIETFRIED |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20070912 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20100803 |