EP1348661A1 - Position detector - Google Patents
Position detector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1348661A1 EP1348661A1 EP03075972A EP03075972A EP1348661A1 EP 1348661 A1 EP1348661 A1 EP 1348661A1 EP 03075972 A EP03075972 A EP 03075972A EP 03075972 A EP03075972 A EP 03075972A EP 1348661 A1 EP1348661 A1 EP 1348661A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sheet
- depositing
- array
- sheets
- conductive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H31/00—Pile receivers
- B65H31/04—Pile receivers with movable end support arranged to recede as pile accumulates
- B65H31/08—Pile receivers with movable end support arranged to recede as pile accumulates the articles being piled one above another
- B65H31/10—Pile receivers with movable end support arranged to recede as pile accumulates the articles being piled one above another and applied at the top of the pile
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H31/00—Pile receivers
- B65H31/26—Auxiliary devices for retaining articles in the pile
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2511/00—Dimensions; Position; Numbers; Identification; Occurrences
- B65H2511/20—Location in space
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2553/00—Sensing or detecting means
- B65H2553/20—Sensing or detecting means using electric elements
- B65H2553/22—Magnetic detectors, e.g. Hall detectors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2553/00—Sensing or detecting means
- B65H2553/40—Sensing or detecting means using optical, e.g. photographic, elements
- B65H2553/41—Photoelectric detectors
- B65H2553/414—Photoelectric detectors involving receptor receiving light reflected by a reflecting surface and emitted by a separate emitter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2801/00—Application field
- B65H2801/03—Image reproduction devices
- B65H2801/06—Office-type machines, e.g. photocopiers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sheet depositing device for a sheet processing apparatus, comprising a feeding section for sequentially feeding sheets or sets of sheets from said sheet processing apparatus, at least one sheet stacking element movable along a guide, for facilitating depositing said sheets or sets of sheets fed by said feeding section in said sheet depositing device, and a sensor arrangement for detecting the position of a sheet stacking element along said guide, said sensor arrangement comprising a stationary linear array of active elements and a passive element moving in unison with said sheet stacking element.
- An array of active sensors for determining a sheet stacking tray is known from US-A-6 318 718.
- This document discloses a printer having a copy stacking tray that can be lowered to accommodate more sheets, at the same time keeping the upper end of the sheet stack close to the sheet ejecting port of the print engine. Since the load of sheets on the tray increases with the tray position, the motor that moves the tray is provided with a gear box. An number of sensors is positioned along the path of the tray. When the tray passes a sensor, the gear ratio is adjusted for that position. The sensors are placed relatively far apart and the arrangement is thus not suitable for a continuous tray position determination. No information as to the kind of sensors used is given.
- US 2001/054791 A1 discloses a printer in which the height of a sheet stack on a movable tray is determined by lowering a flat element onto the stack. In one embodiment, the exact position of the flat element is determined using a row of optical sensors.
- Optical sensors have the advantage that they need no physical contact with the object they should sense.
- a disadvantage of optical sensors is, that they essentially have an on/off behaviour, such that the resolution of the position determination is equal to the pitch of the sensors. If a high resolution is required, many optical sensors must be mounted per mm, leading to high cost. Further, optical sensors are quite sensitive to dust pollution. In a sheet depositing device, dust, in the form of paper fibres, is omnipresent, and sensor failure is to be expected, the more so, when small sensors are used to give a high resolution.
- a sheet depositing device of the kind referred to initially having a sensor arrangement which conveniently and reliably allows detection of the position of a plurality of sheet stacking elements, such as depositing platforms and sheet catchers.
- This object is achieved in accordance with claim 1 by providing a sensor arrangement wherein said active and passive elements are of a kind that interact through the use of electric or magnetic fields and wherein the active elements are positioned closely together in the array.
- This construction makes possible determining the position of the passive element at a higher resolution than the pitch of the active elements, because the passive element can be sensed by at least two active elements at a time and their readings can be interpolated.
- a very basic form of interpolation would be to choose the position midway between two adjoining active elements, if both are activated by the passive element.
- a more sophisticated solution would be to calculate a weighted interpolation of the readings of the two adjoining active elements.
- the array of active elements comprises an array of conductive fields arranged in parallel to a conductive strip or a second array of conductive fields, and said passive element comprises a conductive plate.
- the measurement of this kind of sensor is based on the electrical capacity of the arrangement of a conductive field, the conductive plate and the conductive strip/array of fields. This is an extremely simple and cost-effective embodiment, which can easily be scaled down to give a high position resolution.
- the array of active elements comprises an array of Hall-effect sensors, and said passive element comprises a magnet.
- Hall sensors are cheap, relatively insensitive for dust and small enough to provide a good position resolution.
- the array of active elements is affixed to the guide, or even, if possible, inside said guide, so that it is well protected from external influences.
- the array of active elements extends over the lifting height of the depositing platform, so that the position of the depositing tray is known over the entire lifting height.
- the sheet depositing device may comprise one or more further superposed depositing platforms movable along the rail and a passive element moving in unison with the further depositing platforms.
- a plurality of stacks may be formed on the sheet depositing device, and a finished stack may be transported away whilst another one is being formed.
- the sheet depositing device may also comprise one or more sheet catchers movable along the rail and a passive element moving in unison with the sheet catchers. By detecting the position of the sheet catchers, the stack height and thus the filling grade of the depositing platform is known.
- the sheet depositing device is located at the output of a paper processing machine.
- the sheet depositing device will hereafter be illustrated with a paper processing machine in the form of a printing apparatus. It is evident, that the sheet depositing device could be operated together with any other type of paper processing apparatus, such as copiers, imaging devices, etc.
- the printing apparatus 1 shown in Fig. 1 comprises means known per se for printing an image on a receiving sheet. These images for printing may be present on original documents which are fed to a scanning station 2 situated at the top of the printing apparatus 1. Images for printing can also be fed in digital form from a workstation 3 connected via a network 4 to a control device 8 of the printing apparatus 1. A printing cycle for copying an original set fed via the scanning station 2 is started by actuating a start button 6 on the operator control panel 5 of the printing apparatus 1.
- a printing cycle for printing an image set fed via workstation 3 can be started by actuating a start button 7 provided on the workstation 3, via control device 8 or by actuating a start button 6 provided on the operator control panel 5 of the printing apparatus 1.
- the sheet transport path 10 forms the path for delivering to a sheet finishing station 11 the sheets printed in the printing apparatus.
- the finishing station 11 contains a sheet collecting tray 12 (not shown in detail) in which a number of printed sheets belonging to a set can be collected and stapled by a stapler 14, whereafter discharge roller pairs 13 feed the set to a sheet depositing device 15 forming part of a sheet depositing station 11.
- the sheet depositing device 15 shown in Fig. 2 comprises two superposed depositing platforms 16 and 17, upon which sheets are sequentially stacked.
- the depositing platforms are guided along a pair of guide rails 21,22 in the form of two hollow aluminum profiles that serve also as a registration barrier for supplied sheets.
- Each of the depositing platforms 16,17 can be set to a depositing position with respect to the horizontal discharge path formed by the discharge roller pair 13, to receive sheets discharged by the discharge roller pair 13.
- Each depositing platform is provided with two sheet catchers 71 for preventing incoming sheets from bouncing back, as will be described below in connenction with Figs. 4 and 5.
- the vertical displacement of the depositing platforms is effected by a spindle drive system associated with each depositing platform 16,17 (Fig. 2).
- Each spindle drive comprises a DC motor (not shown) driving spindle-shaft through a reduction gearing 32.
- the spindle-shafts 33 driving the platforms extend vertically next to the depositing platforms.
- a nut 35 translating relative rotation of the spindle shaft 33 in a vertical movement embraces each spindle-shaft 33 threaded engagement.
- Each nut 35 carries a respective depositing platform 16,17.
- Fig. 1 shows the lower depositing platform 16 in a bottom depositing position in which a number of sheets are situated on the depositing platform 16 and the depositing platform 17 thereabove is in parking position situated above the discharge path formed by the discharge roller pair 13.
- the depositing platform 17 is adjustable as to height independently of depositing platform 16, the depositing platform 17 can be placed in a depositing position without the lower depositing platform 16 needing to be moved further down than the bottom depositing position shown in Fig. 1.
- the finishing station 11 with the sheet depositing device 15 adjacent the same is very suitable for disposing at the top of a printing apparatus 1, the top of which with the scanning station 2 is situated at a normal working height for a standing operator of about 100 cm.
- the removal height for sheets deposited on depositing platforms 16 and 17 is between 100 cm and 160 cm for a total sheet depositing capacity of about 2400 sheets.
- the sheet depositing level defined by the fixed discharge rollers 13 is approximately 133 cm and this level corresponds to the depositing level at which the bottom depositing platform 16 is in its bottom depositing position.
- a knocker 51 is provided to produce a smooth-sided stack of sheets by knocking the edged of the stack towards the registration barrier formed by the guide rails 21, 22.
- An excenter mechanism 52 drives the knocker. The knocker moves rapidly and if necessary repeatedly towards the stack.
- the depositing device is equipped with a mechanism (Fig. 3) for forming stepped stacks.
- the depositing platforms 16,17 move horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the feed direction between two offset positions.
- the depositing platform is moved to its two offset positions by an electric motor (not shown) coupled to an ordinary crank mechanism for converting the rotary movement of the electric motor into a reciprocating movement.
- the crank 43 is mounted on the drive shaft of the electric motor and is pivotally connected to one end of a connecting member 41.
- the connecting member 41 is shaped as three superposed rings thus creating a longitudinal flexibility that allows it to function as a resilient member.
- the connecting member 41 is on its other end pivotally connected to a lever 45.
- the lever 45 is provided with a pivot rod 47 at its free end that is engaged by a hook shaped rod 49.
- a hook shaped rod 49 is connected to each of the depositing platforms 16,17.
- the pivot rod 47 extends upwardly along the full lifting height of the depositing platforms 16,17.
- the hook shaped rods 49 slide along the pivot rod 47 when the depositing platforms 16,17 move vertically.
- Half a revolution of the electric motor corresponds to a movement from one offset position to another.
- the position of the crank is optically detected by sensor 63.
- the signal of sensor 63 is send to the control device 8.
- the control device 8 in turn signals to stop movement, when or shortly before, an offset position has been reached.
- Each depositing platform shown in detail in Figs. 4 and 5, is provided with two sheet catchers 71.
- the sheet catchers are passively movable upwards and downwards along the guide rails and rest with their weight on the depositing platform 16, 17, or, on a stack of sheets on the depositing platform 16,17.
- a major part of the weight of the sheet catchers 71 rests on the stacked sheets/depositing surface through a roller 73.
- the roller 73 allows movement of the sheets relative to the sheet catchers 71 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the feed direction of the incoming sheets without applying a lateral force to the stacked sheets.
- the rollers 73 are preferably shaped as a spherical segment or as a conical frustum for providing a sloping surface guiding the leading edge of incoming sheets under the roller.
- the sheet catchers 71 are provided with a sloping surface to form a throat for trapping the leading edge of sheets fed onto the depositing platform 16,17.
- the sheets are fed with a high velocity towards the sheet catchers 71. This causes the sheet to be forced under the sheet catchers 71 and the sheet catchers 71 to be elevated.
- a tongue 75 is pivotally suspended from a pivot axis 76 placed towards the tip of each of the sheet catchers 71.
- the freely movable end of the tongue 75 rests on the stacked sheets or on the depositing platform 16,17.
- the tongue 75 may be resiliently suspended from the sheet catcher 71 (not shown). The rotational movement of the tongue 75 is limited by a pin 77 fixed to the sheet catcher and protruding into an aperture 78 in the tongue 75.
- the sheet engagement surface of the tongue is similarly sloped as the sheet catcher 71, and preferably slightly curved.
- the sheet engaging surface of the tongue 75 protrudes from the sheet engaging surface of the sheet catcher 71 so as to engage the leading edge of incoming sheets.
- the sheet catchers 71 and their tongues 75 guide the leading edge of the incoming sheet down towards the depositing platform 16,17 or the stack on the depositing platform 16,17 until it abuts with the registration barrier 21,22.
- the sheet engagement surface of the tongue is covered with a fabric 74 that has a low friction coefficient in one direction and a high friction coefficient in the opposite direction.
- the fabric 74 is arranged on the tongue 75 such that the incoming sheets will be exposed to the low friction coefficient in the feed direction and to the high friction coefficient in the opposite direction.
- the fabric 74 preferred for use with the invention has sloping bristles in a pile fabric.
- the pile fabric 74 which is preferred to use on the contact surface of the tongue 75 is produced by nylons strings woven through a cotton backing to provide the intended front of the fabric, nylon string extends between stitch apertures which are double the pile length required.
- the sheets stacked on the depositing platform tend sometimes to curl up against the registration barrier (cf. Fig. 5).
- the curled up stack pushes the sheet catchers further up and thus the throat is widened.
- this will create a throat that is too wide to apply sufficient frictional force to prevent the sheet from bouncing back from the registration barrier.
- the tongue 75 is freely movable, its sheet engaging surface rests on the top of the stacked sheets, and will thus also be in contact with the leading edge of incoming sheets when the stacked sheets are curled up against the registration barrier 21,22.
- the sheet depositing device is provided with a sensor arrangement for detecting the positions of the depositing platforms 16,17 and the sheet catchers 71, as shown in Fig. 2.
- the sensor arrangement comprises an array of active elements 80, that may be arranged within the guide rails 21,22 for better protection against influences from outside. In a first embodiment shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the sensor arrangement operates by capacitive detection.
- the array of active elements 80 is formed by regularly spaced conductive fields 81. The pitch between the conductive fields depends on the required measuring accuracy. In the exemplary arrangement, a pitch of 5 mm or less proves satifactory. A non-conductive area is provided between consecutive conductive fields 81.
- a strip of conductive material 82 extends in parallel to the array of conductive fields 81.
- the array 80 can e.g. be manufactured on a print board.
- the print board 85 is placed inside guide rail 21.
- the upper and lower depositing platforms 16,17 and the respective sheet catchers 71 are provided with the passive element of the sensor arrangement in the form of a conductive plate 83.
- the conductive plates 83 are arranged such that their horizontal extension is sufficient to cover substantially the conductive strip 82 and a conductive field 81.
- the vertical extent of the conductive plates 83 determines the reliability and the resolution of the measured value. A vertical dimension of twice the pitch between the conductive fields proved to give satisfactory results.
- the thickness of the conductive plates may be chosen very small, as long as the plates are good conductors.
- the conductive plates 83 are guided in guide rail 21.
- the conductive plates 83 on the sheet catchers 71 are directly attached to a member of the sheet catcher that protrudes into the guide rail 21.
- the conductive plates 83 that move in unison with the depositing platforms 16,17 are attached to a carrier member 79 (Fig. 4).
- the carrier member 79 is guided in the guide rail 21.
- a pin 65 extends from the carrier member 79 into a nut 64 in the respective depositing platform 16,17. The laterally extending nut allows the depositing platform to move laterally for creating stepped stacks as described above.
- the conductive plate 83 moves up or down with the respective depositing platform 16,17 or sheet catcher 71 it moves at a short distance, for instance 0.2 mm, over the conductive strip 82 and alternately over conductive fields 81 and non-conductive areas between the conductive fields 81.
- a sub-control unit 86 measures the electrical capacity between each of the conductive fields 81 and the conductive strip 82. When the conductive plate 83 covers a conductive field 81 and the conductive strip 82, the electrical capacity associated with that specific conductive field is much larger than the capacity associated with a non-covered conductive field.
- the sub control unit 86 measures the electrical capacity associated each conductive field 81 and converts the signals from the sensor array 80 to a position signal which is sent to the control device 8. Through interpolation, the position resolution may easily be increased by a factor of 5 compared to the pitch of the conductive fields.
- the strip of conductive material 82 may be replaced by a second array of conductive fields extending in parallel with the first array of conductive fields (not shown).
- the sub control unit 86 measures the capacities of the pairs of conductive fields from the arrays 81 and 82, respectively.
- the sensor arrangement operates with the Hall effect.
- the array of active elements is built up of an array of regularly spaced hall sensors 81.
- the upper and lower depositing platforms 16,17 and the respective sheet catchers 71 are provided with the passive element of the sensor arrangement in the form a magnet 84.
- the magnet 84 moves up or down with the respective depositing platform 16,17 or sheet catcher 74, it moves at a short distance over the hall sensors 81.
- the sub control 86 unit the signals from the Hall sensors are converted to a positional signal and sent to the control device 8.
- the configuration of magnets and Hall sensors is chosen so that at least one and at the most two Hall sensors are activated by a magnet in any relative position of the magnet. In this way, the actual position resolution is greater than the mutual distance of the Hall sensors through the use of interpolation.
- the mutual distance of the sensors is chosen as 10 mm and the distance of the magnets and the sensor array is 3 mm.
- Magnets are used that have a field strength at the position of the sensor array of 70 Gauss at a distance of 9 mm from the heart of the magnet. This allows to determine the linear position of the magnet with a resolution of at least 5 mm (position of the sensor or position halfway between two sensors), and even better if a more sophisticated interpolation algorithm is used.
- FIG. 10 shows a conventional sensor arrangement that operates with light.
- An array of active elements is built up of an array of regularly spaced optical sensors 81, each comprising an LED 90 and a photocell 91.
- the upper and lower depositing platforms 16,17 and the respective sheet catchers 71 are provided with a passive element of the sensor arrangement in the form a reflector 89.
- the reflector 89 moves up or down with the respective depositing platform 16,17 or sheet catcher 71, it moves over the sensors and reflects the light emitted by the LED 90 of the sensor that it is facing the respective photocell 91.
- this arrangement is sensitive for paper dust settling on the sensors and obscuring the LED, the photocell, and/or the reflector, and since paper dust is constantly generated by the moving sheets, this sensor arrangement is less reliable, compared to the above-described embodiments of the present invention.
- the catchers 71 will always rest onto the stack. Both the position of the sheet catchers 71 and the depositing trays 16,17 is known. Thus, the distance between the depositing platform 16,17 and the sheet catcher 71 can be used to determine the stack height. This information is used by the control device 8 to determine when a depositing platform 16,17 is full, e.g. to change to the other depositing platform 16,17, or when both depositing platforms are full, to issue an alarm that the stacking device needs to be emptied.
- Height detectors as shown in Fig. 11 ensure that the upper edge of a stack of deposited sheets on the active depositing platform 16,17 is always at the correct height to receive a new sheet from the discharge roller pair 13 by adjusting the position of the depositing platform 16,17.
- the height detectors are formed by two superposed sensors. One sensor comprises a pair of LEDs 93,93' and a single photocell 95, and the other sensor comprises a pair of LEDs 94,94' and a single photocell 96. Other numbers of photocells may be contemplated, e.g. one photocell for each LED, or a single photocell for all four LEDs (that would then be operated in a phase-shifted pulsated manner).
- the pair of LEDs 93,93' (94,94') of the respective sensor direct a substantially horizontal light bundle from the feed side of the stack towards the respective photocell 95 (96) at the registration barrier side of the stack.
- the LEDs 93,93' (94,94') in one pair are spaced laterally apart.
- the respective photocell 95 (96) is arranged in the lateral midpoint of the stack.
- the LEDs 93,93' (94,94') therefore direct two light beams diagonally over the stack towards each of the photocell 95 (96).
- the output of the photocell 95 (96) is active only when it receives light from both LEDs 93,93' (94,94').
- the photocells 95,96 are connected to the control device 8.
- a first pair of LEDs 94,94' and first photocell 96 are arranged at the minimum depositing height, whereas a second pair of LEDs 93,93' and second photocell 95 are arranged at the maximum depositing height.
- the control device 8 powers the respective DC motor to raise the active depositing platform 16,17 until the first photocell 96 becomes inactive.
- the control device 8 powers the respective DC motor to lower the active depositing platform 16,17 until the second photocell 95 becomes active.
- the output of the first photocell 96 should be inactive and output of the second photocell 95 should be active.
- the height detectors While feeding a sheet onto the stack the height detectors are deactivated for a short period because the incoming sheet will obstruct the LEDs 93,93',94,94'.
- the stacked sheets sometimes tend to form a curl on the feed side of the stack, which is aggravated by e.g. staples which make the stack grow faster on the staple side.
- the effect is illustrated in Fig. 11
- the height detectors ensure that the active depositing platform 16,17 will be lowered to compensate for the curl, to ensure that the sheets fed by the discharge roller pair 13 do not hit the side of the stack. This may lead however to a situation, e.g. when the curl on the feed side is large, in which the sheet catchers 71 are positioned too low with respect to the discharge roller pair 13, and the leading edge of the incoming sheets will not be caught under the sheet catchers 17, but instead pass above the sheet catchers 71. In this situation the control over the stacking process will be completely lost.
- the control device 8 compares therefore the height of the sheet catchers 71 with the height of the feed roller pair 13, and if the height difference between the sheet catchers 71 and the feed roller pair exceeds a preset threshold, the feeding process is stopped and an alarm is set.
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Abstract
- an array of conductive fields arranged in parallel to a conductive strip or a second array of conductive fields, and a conductive plate, connected to a capacitance meter,
- an array of Hall-effect sensors, and a magnet.
Description
- The present invention relates to a sheet depositing device for a sheet processing apparatus, comprising a feeding section for sequentially feeding sheets or sets of sheets from said sheet processing apparatus, at least one sheet stacking element movable along a guide, for facilitating depositing said sheets or sets of sheets fed by said feeding section in said sheet depositing device, and a sensor arrangement for detecting the position of a sheet stacking element along said guide, said sensor arrangement comprising a stationary linear array of active elements and a passive element moving in unison with said sheet stacking element.
- An array of active sensors for determining a sheet stacking tray is known from US-A-6 318 718. This document discloses a printer having a copy stacking tray that can be lowered to accommodate more sheets, at the same time keeping the upper end of the sheet stack close to the sheet ejecting port of the print engine.
Since the load of sheets on the tray increases with the tray position, the motor that moves the tray is provided with a gear box. An number of sensors is positioned along the path of the tray. When the tray passes a sensor, the gear ratio is adjusted for that position. The sensors are placed relatively far apart and the arrangement is thus not suitable for a continuous tray position determination. No information as to the kind of sensors used is given. - US 2001/054791 A1 discloses a printer in which the height of a sheet stack on a movable tray is determined by lowering a flat element onto the stack. In one embodiment, the exact position of the flat element is determined using a row of optical sensors.
- Optical sensors have the advantage that they need no physical contact with the object they should sense. However, a disadvantage of optical sensors is, that they essentially have an on/off behaviour, such that the resolution of the position determination is equal to the pitch of the sensors. If a high resolution is required, many optical sensors must be mounted per mm, leading to high cost. Further, optical sensors are quite sensitive to dust pollution. In a sheet depositing device, dust, in the form of paper fibres, is omnipresent, and sensor failure is to be expected, the more so, when small sensors are used to give a high resolution.
- On this background, it is an object of the present invention to provide a sheet depositing device of the kind referred to initially, having a sensor arrangement which conveniently and reliably allows detection of the position of a plurality of sheet stacking elements, such as depositing platforms and sheet catchers.
- This object is achieved in accordance with claim 1 by providing a sensor arrangement wherein said active and passive elements are of a kind that interact through the use of electric or magnetic fields and wherein the active elements are positioned closely together in the array. This construction makes possible determining the position of the passive element at a higher resolution than the pitch of the active elements, because the passive element can be sensed by at least two active elements at a time and their readings can be interpolated.
- A very basic form of interpolation would be to choose the position midway between two adjoining active elements, if both are activated by the passive element. A more sophisticated solution would be to calculate a weighted interpolation of the readings of the two adjoining active elements.
- Thus, less active elements per mm are required for a certain resolution, which brings down the cost, in addition to the fact that sensors as meant by the present invention are already cheaper than optical sensors.
- It has been observed that paper dust does not disturb measurements that rely on electric or magnetic fields, whereas it does so for optical sensors. This leads to a higher reliability and to a higher measuring accuracy, so that the above-mentioned interpolation is also more reliable.
- In a first embodiment, the array of active elements comprises an array of conductive fields arranged in parallel to a conductive strip or a second array of conductive fields, and said passive element comprises a conductive plate. The measurement of this kind of sensor is based on the electrical capacity of the arrangement of a conductive field, the conductive plate and the conductive strip/array of fields. This is an extremely simple and cost-effective embodiment, which can easily be scaled down to give a high position resolution.
- In a second embodiment, the array of active elements comprises an array of Hall-effect sensors, and said passive element comprises a magnet. Hall sensors are cheap, relatively insensitive for dust and small enough to provide a good position resolution.
- In a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the array of active elements is affixed to the guide, or even, if possible, inside said guide, so that it is well protected from external influences. Preferably, the array of active elements extends over the lifting height of the depositing platform, so that the position of the depositing tray is known over the entire lifting height.
- The sheet depositing device may comprise one or more further superposed depositing platforms movable along the rail and a passive element moving in unison with the further depositing platforms. Thus, a plurality of stacks may be formed on the sheet depositing device, and a finished stack may be transported away whilst another one is being formed.
- The sheet depositing device may also comprise one or more sheet catchers movable along the rail and a passive element moving in unison with the sheet catchers. By detecting the position of the sheet catchers, the stack height and thus the filling grade of the depositing platform is known.
- Further objects, features, advantages and properties of the position detector according to the invention will become apparent from the detailed description.
- In the following detailed portion of the present description, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings, in which:
- Fig. 1 illustrates one embodiment of the a sheet depositing device in combination with a printing apparatus,
- Fig. 2 is a side view in detail on the sheet depositing device,
- Fig. 3 is a top view in detail on a mechanism for creating stepped stacks,
- Fig. 4 is a view in detail on a sheet catcher,
- Fig. 5 is a view in detail on a sheet catcher when the stack is curled up against the registration barrier,
- Fig. 6 shows a first embodiment of the sensor arrangement,
- Fig. 7 shows a detail of the sensor arrangement in a first embodiment,
- Fig. 8 shows a second embodiment of the sensor arrangement,
- Fig. 9 shows a detail of the sensor arrangement in a second embodiment,
- Fig. 10 shows a detail of an optical sensor arrangement, and
- Fig. 11 is a side view in detail on the sheet depositing device illustrating height sensors and curl of the stack in the feed side.
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- Expediently, the sheet depositing device is located at the output of a paper processing machine. The sheet depositing device will hereafter be illustrated with a paper processing machine in the form of a printing apparatus. It is evident, that the sheet depositing device could be operated together with any other type of paper processing apparatus, such as copiers, imaging devices, etc.
- The printing apparatus 1 shown in Fig. 1 comprises means known per se for printing an image on a receiving sheet. These images for printing may be present on original documents which are fed to a
scanning station 2 situated at the top of the printing apparatus 1. Images for printing can also be fed in digital form from aworkstation 3 connected via anetwork 4 to a control device 8 of the printing apparatus 1. A printing cycle for copying an original set fed via thescanning station 2 is started by actuating astart button 6 on theoperator control panel 5 of the printing apparatus 1. - A printing cycle for printing an image set fed via
workstation 3 can be started by actuating astart button 7 provided on theworkstation 3, via control device 8 or by actuating astart button 6 provided on theoperator control panel 5 of the printing apparatus 1. - In the printing apparatus 1 shown in Fig. 1, the
sheet transport path 10 forms the path for delivering to asheet finishing station 11 the sheets printed in the printing apparatus. - The
finishing station 11 contains a sheet collecting tray 12 (not shown in detail) in which a number of printed sheets belonging to a set can be collected and stapled by astapler 14, whereafterdischarge roller pairs 13 feed the set to a sheet depositingdevice 15 forming part of asheet depositing station 11. - The
sheet depositing device 15 shown in Fig. 2 comprises twosuperposed depositing platforms depositing platforms discharge roller pair 13, to receive sheets discharged by thedischarge roller pair 13. Each depositing platform is provided with twosheet catchers 71 for preventing incoming sheets from bouncing back, as will be described below in connenction with Figs. 4 and 5. - The vertical displacement of the depositing platforms is effected by a spindle drive system associated with each depositing
platform 16,17 (Fig. 2). Each spindle drive comprises a DC motor (not shown) driving spindle-shaft through areduction gearing 32. The spindle-shafts 33 driving the platforms extend vertically next to the depositing platforms. Anut 35 translating relative rotation of thespindle shaft 33 in a vertical movement embraces each spindle-shaft 33 threaded engagement. Eachnut 35 carries arespective depositing platform - The vertical position of the selected depositing
platform discharge roller pair 13. Fig. 1 shows thelower depositing platform 16 in a bottom depositing position in which a number of sheets are situated on thedepositing platform 16 and thedepositing platform 17 thereabove is in parking position situated above the discharge path formed by thedischarge roller pair 13. - Since the
depositing platform 17 is adjustable as to height independently of depositingplatform 16, the depositingplatform 17 can be placed in a depositing position without thelower depositing platform 16 needing to be moved further down than the bottom depositing position shown in Fig. 1. - As a result, the finishing
station 11 with thesheet depositing device 15 adjacent the same, is very suitable for disposing at the top of a printing apparatus 1, the top of which with thescanning station 2 is situated at a normal working height for a standing operator of about 100 cm. In the printing apparatus 1 with the finishingstation 11 as shown in Fig. 1, the removal height for sheets deposited on depositingplatforms discharge rollers 13 is approximately 133 cm and this level corresponds to the depositing level at which thebottom depositing platform 16 is in its bottom depositing position. - A
knocker 51 is provided to produce a smooth-sided stack of sheets by knocking the edged of the stack towards the registration barrier formed by the guide rails 21, 22. Anexcenter mechanism 52 drives the knocker. The knocker moves rapidly and if necessary repeatedly towards the stack. - The depositing device is equipped with a mechanism (Fig. 3) for forming stepped stacks. Hereto, the
depositing platforms crank 43 is mounted on the drive shaft of the electric motor and is pivotally connected to one end of a connectingmember 41. The connectingmember 41 is shaped as three superposed rings thus creating a longitudinal flexibility that allows it to function as a resilient member. The connectingmember 41 is on its other end pivotally connected to alever 45. Thelever 45 is provided with apivot rod 47 at its free end that is engaged by a hook shapedrod 49. A hook shapedrod 49 is connected to each of thedepositing platforms pivot rod 47 extends upwardly along the full lifting height of thedepositing platforms rods 49 slide along thepivot rod 47 when thedepositing platforms sensor 63. The signal ofsensor 63 is send to the control device 8. The control device 8, in turn signals to stop movement, when or shortly before, an offset position has been reached. - Each depositing platform, shown in detail in Figs. 4 and 5, is provided with two
sheet catchers 71. The sheet catchers are passively movable upwards and downwards along the guide rails and rest with their weight on thedepositing platform depositing platform sheet catchers 71 rests on the stacked sheets/depositing surface through aroller 73. Theroller 73 allows movement of the sheets relative to thesheet catchers 71 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the feed direction of the incoming sheets without applying a lateral force to the stacked sheets. This insures that the integrity of the stacked sheets remains undisturbed as the depositing platform moves laterally to offset successive sets of sheets from one another as explained with reference to Fig. 3. Therollers 73 are preferably shaped as a spherical segment or as a conical frustum for providing a sloping surface guiding the leading edge of incoming sheets under the roller. - The
sheet catchers 71 are provided with a sloping surface to form a throat for trapping the leading edge of sheets fed onto thedepositing platform sheet catchers 71. This causes the sheet to be forced under thesheet catchers 71 and thesheet catchers 71 to be elevated. - A
tongue 75 is pivotally suspended from apivot axis 76 placed towards the tip of each of thesheet catchers 71. The freely movable end of thetongue 75 rests on the stacked sheets or on thedepositing platform tongue 75 may be resiliently suspended from the sheet catcher 71 (not shown). The rotational movement of thetongue 75 is limited by apin 77 fixed to the sheet catcher and protruding into anaperture 78 in thetongue 75. - The sheet engagement surface of the tongue is similarly sloped as the
sheet catcher 71, and preferably slightly curved. The sheet engaging surface of thetongue 75 protrudes from the sheet engaging surface of thesheet catcher 71 so as to engage the leading edge of incoming sheets. Thesheet catchers 71 and theirtongues 75 guide the leading edge of the incoming sheet down towards the depositingplatform depositing platform - The sheet engagement surface of the tongue is covered with a
fabric 74 that has a low friction coefficient in one direction and a high friction coefficient in the opposite direction. Thefabric 74 is arranged on thetongue 75 such that the incoming sheets will be exposed to the low friction coefficient in the feed direction and to the high friction coefficient in the opposite direction. Thefabric 74 preferred for use with the invention has sloping bristles in a pile fabric. Thepile fabric 74 which is preferred to use on the contact surface of thetongue 75 is produced by nylons strings woven through a cotton backing to provide the intended front of the fabric, nylon string extends between stitch apertures which are double the pile length required. These extends are then cut to produce the piles and these are "panned" which is the application of a heated surface to the piles in one sense to produce a slant. As the piles have the same slant, the friction coefficient in the slant direction is substantially lower than the friction coefficient in the direction opposite to the slant.
Thefabric 74 is placed on thetongue 75 with the slant in the paper feed direction. As the sheets are fed with high velocity, they may tend to bounce back from the depositing registration barrier after they abut with the registration barrier which is in this embodiment formed bysurfaces - The sheets stacked on the depositing platform tend sometimes to curl up against the registration barrier (cf. Fig. 5). The curled up stack pushes the sheet catchers further up and thus the throat is widened. In
conventional sheet catchers 71 this will create a throat that is too wide to apply sufficient frictional force to prevent the sheet from bouncing back from the registration barrier. Because thetongue 75 is freely movable, its sheet engaging surface rests on the top of the stacked sheets, and will thus also be in contact with the leading edge of incoming sheets when the stacked sheets are curled up against the registration barrier 21,22. - As shown in Fig. 6 through Fig. 10, the sheet depositing device is provided with a sensor arrangement for detecting the positions of the
depositing platforms sheet catchers 71, as shown in Fig. 2. The sensor arrangement comprises an array ofactive elements 80, that may be arranged within the guide rails 21,22 for better protection against influences from outside. In a first embodiment shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the sensor arrangement operates by capacitive detection. The array ofactive elements 80 is formed by regularly spacedconductive fields 81. The pitch between the conductive fields depends on the required measuring accuracy. In the exemplary arrangement, a pitch of 5 mm or less proves satifactory. A non-conductive area is provided between consecutiveconductive fields 81. A strip ofconductive material 82 extends in parallel to the array ofconductive fields 81. Thearray 80 can e.g. be manufactured on a print board. Theprint board 85 is placed inside guide rail 21. The upper andlower depositing platforms respective sheet catchers 71 are provided with the passive element of the sensor arrangement in the form of aconductive plate 83. Theconductive plates 83 are arranged such that their horizontal extension is sufficient to cover substantially theconductive strip 82 and aconductive field 81. The vertical extent of theconductive plates 83 determines the reliability and the resolution of the measured value. A vertical dimension of twice the pitch between the conductive fields proved to give satisfactory results. The thickness of the conductive plates may be chosen very small, as long as the plates are good conductors. Theconductive plates 83 are guided in guide rail 21. Theconductive plates 83 on thesheet catchers 71 are directly attached to a member of the sheet catcher that protrudes into the guide rail 21. Theconductive plates 83 that move in unison with thedepositing platforms carrier member 79 is guided in the guide rail 21. Apin 65 extends from thecarrier member 79 into anut 64 in therespective depositing platform conductive plate 83 moves up or down with therespective depositing platform sheet catcher 71 it moves at a short distance, for instance 0.2 mm, over theconductive strip 82 and alternately overconductive fields 81 and non-conductive areas between theconductive fields 81. - A
sub-control unit 86 measures the electrical capacity between each of theconductive fields 81 and theconductive strip 82. When theconductive plate 83 covers aconductive field 81 and theconductive strip 82, the electrical capacity associated with that specific conductive field is much larger than the capacity associated with a non-covered conductive field. Thesub control unit 86 measures the electrical capacity associated eachconductive field 81 and converts the signals from thesensor array 80 to a position signal which is sent to the control device 8. Through interpolation, the position resolution may easily be increased by a factor of 5 compared to the pitch of the conductive fields. - Alternatively, the strip of
conductive material 82 may be replaced by a second array of conductive fields extending in parallel with the first array of conductive fields (not shown). In this embodiment thesub control unit 86 measures the capacities of the pairs of conductive fields from thearrays - In a second preferred embodiment shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the sensor arrangement operates with the Hall effect. The array of active elements is built up of an array of regularly spaced
hall sensors 81. The upper andlower depositing platforms respective sheet catchers 71 are provided with the passive element of the sensor arrangement in the form amagnet 84. When themagnet 84 moves up or down with therespective depositing platform sheet catcher 74, it moves at a short distance over thehall sensors 81. In thesub control 86 unit the signals from the Hall sensors are converted to a positional signal and sent to the control device 8. - The configuration of magnets and Hall sensors is chosen so that at least one and at the most two Hall sensors are activated by a magnet in any relative position of the magnet. In this way, the actual position resolution is greater than the mutual distance of the Hall sensors through the use of interpolation. For example, the mutual distance of the sensors is chosen as 10 mm and the distance of the magnets and the sensor array is 3 mm. Magnets are used that have a field strength at the position of the sensor array of 70 Gauss at a distance of 9 mm from the heart of the magnet. This allows to determine the linear position of the magnet with a resolution of at least 5 mm (position of the sensor or position halfway between two sensors), and even better if a more sophisticated interpolation algorithm is used.
- Just for comparison, Fig. 10 shows a conventional sensor arrangement that operates with light. An array of active elements is built up of an array of regularly spaced
optical sensors 81, each comprising anLED 90 and aphotocell 91. The upper andlower depositing platforms respective sheet catchers 71 are provided with a passive element of the sensor arrangement in the form areflector 89. When thereflector 89 moves up or down with therespective depositing platform sheet catcher 71, it moves over the sensors and reflects the light emitted by theLED 90 of the sensor that it is facing therespective photocell 91.
It is immediately clear, that this arrangement is sensitive for paper dust settling on the sensors and obscuring the LED, the photocell, and/or the reflector, and since paper dust is constantly generated by the moving sheets, this sensor arrangement is less reliable, compared to the above-described embodiments of the present invention. - The
catchers 71 will always rest onto the stack. Both the position of thesheet catchers 71 and the depositingtrays platform sheet catcher 71 can be used to determine the stack height. This information is used by the control device 8 to determine when adepositing platform other depositing platform - Height detectors as shown in Fig. 11 ensure that the upper edge of a stack of deposited sheets on the
active depositing platform discharge roller pair 13 by adjusting the position of thedepositing platform single photocell 95, and the other sensor comprises a pair of LEDs 94,94' and asingle photocell 96. Other numbers of photocells may be contemplated, e.g. one photocell for each LED, or a single photocell for all four LEDs (that would then be operated in a phase-shifted pulsated manner). The pair of LEDs 93,93' (94,94') of the respective sensor direct a substantially horizontal light bundle from the feed side of the stack towards the respective photocell 95 (96) at the registration barrier side of the stack. The LEDs 93,93' (94,94') in one pair are spaced laterally apart.The respective photocell 95 (96) is arranged in the lateral midpoint of the stack. The LEDs 93,93' (94,94') therefore direct two light beams diagonally over the stack towards each of the photocell 95 (96). The output of the photocell 95 (96) is active only when it receives light from both LEDs 93,93' (94,94').
Thephotocells first photocell 96 are arranged at the minimum depositing height, whereas a second pair of LEDs 93,93' andsecond photocell 95 are arranged at the maximum depositing height. When the output of thefirst photocell 96 is active, the control device 8 powers the respective DC motor to raise theactive depositing platform first photocell 96 becomes inactive. When thesecond photocell 95 becomes inactive, the control device 8 powers the respective DC motor to lower theactive depositing platform second photocell 95 becomes active. When thedepositing platform first photocell 96 should be inactive and output of thesecond photocell 95 should be active. - While feeding a sheet onto the stack the height detectors are deactivated for a short period because the incoming sheet will obstruct the LEDs 93,93',94,94'.
- The stacked sheets sometimes tend to form a curl on the feed side of the stack, which is aggravated by e.g. staples which make the stack grow faster on the staple side. The effect is illustrated in Fig. 11 The height detectors ensure that the
active depositing platform discharge roller pair 13 do not hit the side of the stack. This may lead however to a situation, e.g. when the curl on the feed side is large, in which thesheet catchers 71 are positioned too low with respect to thedischarge roller pair 13, and the leading edge of the incoming sheets will not be caught under thesheet catchers 17, but instead pass above thesheet catchers 71. In this situation the control over the stacking process will be completely lost. The control device 8 compares therefore the height of thesheet catchers 71 with the height of thefeed roller pair 13, and if the height difference between thesheet catchers 71 and the feed roller pair exceeds a preset threshold, the feeding process is stopped and an alarm is set. - Although the present invention has been described by an embodiment with two depositing platforms and two guide rails, it is clear for those skilled in the art, that this is merely an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It is e.g. possible to use only one guide rail, one platform, or to use more than two guide rails or more than two platforms.
Claims (10)
- A sheet depositing device for a sheet processing apparatus, comprisinga feeding section for sequentially feeding sheets or sets of sheets from said sheet processing apparatus,at least one sheet stacking element movable along at least one guide, for facilitating depositing said sheets or sets of sheets fed by said feeding section in said sheet depositing device, anda sensor arrangement for detecting the position of a sheet stacking element along said guide, said sensor arrangement comprising a stationary linear array of active elements and a passive element moving in unison with said sheet stacking element,
said active and passive elements are of a kind that interact through the use of electric or magnetic fields and in that the active elements are positioned closely together in the array. - A device according to claim 1, further comprising a position calculation unit for calculating a position of a passive element on the basis of interpolation of readings of plural active elements of the array.
- A device according to claim 1, characterized in that said array of active elements comprises an array of conductive fields arranged in parallel to a conductive strip or a second array of conductive fields, and said passive element comprises a conductive plate.
- A device according to claim 1, characterized in that said array of active elements comprises an array of Hall-effect sensors, and said passive element comprises a magnet.
- A device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein said sheet stacking element comprises a depositing platform for depositing thereon sheets or sets of sheets fed by said feeding section.
- A device according to claim 5, wherein said sheet stacking element comprises one or more further superposed depositing platforms movable along said guide and a passive element moving in unison with said further depositing platforms.
- A device according to any of claims 3 to 6, wherein said sheet stacking element comprises one or more sheet catchers movable along said guide and a passive element moving in unison with said sheet catchers.
- A device according to claim 1, wherein said stationary array of active elements is affixed to said guide.
- A device according to claim 8, wherein said stationary array of active elements is placed inside said guide.
- A device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein said stationary array of active elements extends over the lifting height of said depositing platform.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP20030075972 EP1348661B1 (en) | 2002-03-29 | 2003-03-18 | Position detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP02076338 | 2002-03-29 | ||
EP02076338 | 2002-03-29 | ||
EP20030075972 EP1348661B1 (en) | 2002-03-29 | 2003-03-18 | Position detector |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1348661A1 true EP1348661A1 (en) | 2003-10-01 |
EP1348661B1 EP1348661B1 (en) | 2006-12-06 |
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EP20030075972 Expired - Lifetime EP1348661B1 (en) | 2002-03-29 | 2003-03-18 | Position detector |
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US7147222B2 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2006-12-12 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method and apparatus for registering sheet of arbitrary size |
GB2484802A (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2012-04-25 | Xerox Corp | Determining media quantity in a stack on an elevator in an image production device |
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GB2036701A (en) * | 1978-12-08 | 1980-07-02 | De La Rue Crosfield | Cassette for banknotes |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7147222B2 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2006-12-12 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method and apparatus for registering sheet of arbitrary size |
GB2484802A (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2012-04-25 | Xerox Corp | Determining media quantity in a stack on an elevator in an image production device |
US8552879B2 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2013-10-08 | Xerox Corporation | Method and apparatus for determining the amount of media on an elevator that supports a media stack in an image production device |
GB2484802B (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2014-07-02 | Xerox Corp | Method and apparatus for determining the amount of media on an elevator that supports a media stack in an image production device |
Also Published As
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