EP1340278A1 - Procede et dispositif de recuperation de l'eau produite par une pile a combustible - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif de recuperation de l'eau produite par une pile a combustibleInfo
- Publication number
- EP1340278A1 EP1340278A1 EP01996899A EP01996899A EP1340278A1 EP 1340278 A1 EP1340278 A1 EP 1340278A1 EP 01996899 A EP01996899 A EP 01996899A EP 01996899 A EP01996899 A EP 01996899A EP 1340278 A1 EP1340278 A1 EP 1340278A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- outlet
- circuit
- water
- hydrogen
- separator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of fuel cells, more particularly of the air or oxygen and hydrogen type, and more specifically the problem of recovering the water produced by the operation of the cell.
- a fuel cell of the above type formed at least by one element, comprises a cathode compartment comprising an electrode and connected to an oxidant supply circuit, i.e. mainly air, enriched or not oxygen.
- an element comprises a second compartment called anode containing an electrode which is separated from the first by a permeation and reaction membrane via the catalysts that the two electrodes have.
- Such an anode compartment is connected to a combustible circuit which is hydrogen.
- part of the water formed at the cathode passes through the membrane and ends up in the anode compartment, more particularly at the outlet of the hydrogen circuit.
- This outlet is also known to be traversed by residual hydrogen, nitrogen and impurities.
- the water balance of a fuel cell must be ensured so that the amount of water evaporated by the passage of gases through the cell must be less than the amount of water produced by the reaction. This is the reason why it is interesting to recover the produced water which ends up at the outlet of the anode compartment.
- the operation of the cell leaves residual hydrogen in the anode compartment, this hydrogen incorporated into the water implying taking certain precautions to ensure the recovery of the latter safely.
- the generally adopted solution is to completely separate the air-oxygen and hydrogen circuits and to reject the water produced at the anode outlet by a separate specific outlet.
- the object of the invention adjustment for the purpose of overcoming the above drawbacks by proposing a new method and a new device making it possible to recover the water produced by the operation of a fuel cell and, more particularly , by that coming from the anode compartment.
- the object of the invention also relates, for the implementation of the above method, to a device for recovering the water produced by a fuel cell, of the type comprising at least one element composed of a cathode compartment provided an electrode and connected to an oxidant supply circuit and an anode compartment, provided with an electrode separated from the first by a membrane, and connected to a hydrogen supply circuit, characterized in that it comprises two separators placed in series at the outlet of the hydrogen circuit, each defining at least one inlet chamber separated, by a hydrophilic filter, from an outlet chamber connected to the hydric circuit of the cell, a loss generating device of load being interposed between the separators.
- FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 is a diagram similar to that of FIG. 1 but showing a variant of the invention.
- the device for recovering the operating water from a fuel cell is illustrated in the example according to FIG. 1 with a battery consisting of a single element 1 comprising, in a conventional manner, a cathode compartment 2 and an anode compartment 3 which are separated by a membrane 4.
- the compartments 2 and 3 contain two electrodes 5 and 6, respectively associated with a catalyst and function as cathode and anode.
- the electrodes 5 and 6 are provided with two terminals 7 and 8 between which, by the operation of the fuel cell, there appears a potential difference which is taken up by a charging or consumption circuit 9 which can be isolated from at least one of the terminals by a switch 9a.
- compartment 2 is associated with a circuit 11 for supplying oxidant, preferably in air, enriched or not with oxygen.
- a circuit includes an input branch 12 connected to compartment 2 and an output branch 13 coming from the latter.
- the output branch 13 is provided with a phase separator 13 ⁇ , from which extend a first sub-branch 13a responsible for evacuating impurities and nitrogen towards the ambient medium and a sub-branch 13b charged with evacuate the water produced in the cathode compartment in the direction of the water humidification and / or cooling circuit of the fuel cell.
- the anode compartment 3 is associated with a hydrogen supply circuit 14, such a circuit comprising a supply or input branch 15 and an output branch 16. In order to recover the water which is caused to circulate by the branch 16, it is planned to set up the following device.
- the outlet branch 16 comprises two separators in series 20 and 30.
- the first separator 20 has an inlet chamber 21 to which the outlet branch 16 is connected.
- the inlet chamber 21 is delimited inside the separator 20 by a hydrophilic type filter 22, typically a fabric and / or felt of polyamide fibers, which separates the inlet chamber 21 from an outlet chamber 23 connected, by a line or pipe 24, for example at the bottom - branch 13b.
- the intake chamber 21 is also provided with an outlet sub-branch 16a, provided with a restriction 17, for example a calibrated hole, opening into the intake chamber 31 of the downstream separator 30, also provided with a hydrophilic nylon filter 32 separating the inlet chamber 31 from an outlet chamber 33 connected by a water evacuation pipe 34 to the line 24.
- the gaseous residue is evacuated from the room 31 by the pipe 16b.
- the pressures in the intake chambers 21 and 31 are different, which makes it possible to efficiently separate the water from the gas even with a low upstream pressure, and considerably reduce the filter surfaces for a given flow rate at treat, the pressure drop created by the water in the restriction is always significantly greater than the pressure drop created by the gas alone (in general, less than 200 mbar for an upstream pressure of approximately 1 bar).
- hydrophilic filters 22 and 32 are to ensure the total and complete removal of the water included in the mixture circulating in the outlet branch 16 and, to assume this function, it is suitable to have filters made of a material porous hydrophilic whose pore diameter is less than 5 microns.
- the branch 16 is connected, beyond a non-return member 25, either controlled like a tap or the like, or automatic like a non-return valve, as illustrated, to a pressure recovery pump 26 the outlet 27 of which is connected to the inlet chamber 21 of the upstream separator 20.
- the second inlet 28 of the pump 26 is connected to a line 29 for circulation of water coming, for example, either from the cooling circuit or from the cathode circuit.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0014652 | 2000-11-14 | ||
| FR0014652A FR2816760B1 (fr) | 2000-11-14 | 2000-11-14 | Procede et dispositif de recuperation de l'eau produite par une pile a combustible |
| PCT/FR2001/003516 WO2002041427A1 (fr) | 2000-11-14 | 2001-11-12 | Procede et dispositif de recuperation de l'eau produite par une pile a combustible |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1340278A1 true EP1340278A1 (fr) | 2003-09-03 |
Family
ID=8856443
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01996899A Withdrawn EP1340278A1 (fr) | 2000-11-14 | 2001-11-12 | Procede et dispositif de recuperation de l'eau produite par une pile a combustible |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6821662B1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1340278A1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2002223054A1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2389610A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2816760B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2002041427A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2829706B1 (fr) * | 2001-09-20 | 2003-10-31 | Air Liquide | Separateur de phases gazeuse et liquide, et ensemble de production d'energie a base de pile a combustible pourvu d'un tel separateur |
| DE502004008081D1 (de) * | 2004-03-04 | 2008-10-30 | Siemens Ag | Brennstoffzellenanlage und Verfahren zum Betrieb derselben |
| US7955742B2 (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2011-06-07 | American Power Conversion Corporation | Fuel cell housing and fuel cell assemblies |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3932578C1 (fr) * | 1989-09-29 | 1991-02-21 | Dornier Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen, De | |
| US5064732A (en) * | 1990-02-09 | 1991-11-12 | International Fuel Cells Corporation | Solid polymer fuel cell system: high current density operation |
| DE4106895C1 (fr) * | 1991-03-05 | 1992-06-17 | Dornier Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen, De | |
| US5366821A (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1994-11-22 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Constant voltage fuel cell with improved reactant supply and control system |
| US5346778A (en) * | 1992-08-13 | 1994-09-13 | Energy Partners, Inc. | Electrochemical load management system for transportation applications |
| JPH08195215A (ja) * | 1995-01-13 | 1996-07-30 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池装置 |
| JPH0919678A (ja) * | 1995-07-05 | 1997-01-21 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | タンクの構造 |
| DE19701560C2 (de) * | 1997-01-17 | 1998-12-24 | Dbb Fuel Cell Engines Gmbh | Brennstoffzellensystem |
| WO2000014819A1 (fr) * | 1998-09-04 | 2000-03-16 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Systeme de cellule a combustible du type a polymere solide |
| US6124054A (en) * | 1998-12-23 | 2000-09-26 | International Fuel Cells, Llc | Purged anode low effluent fuel cell |
-
2000
- 2000-11-14 FR FR0014652A patent/FR2816760B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-11-12 AU AU2002223054A patent/AU2002223054A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-11-12 WO PCT/FR2001/003516 patent/WO2002041427A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2001-11-12 US US10/129,487 patent/US6821662B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-11-12 CA CA002389610A patent/CA2389610A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2001-11-12 EP EP01996899A patent/EP1340278A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0241427A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2002041427A1 (fr) | 2002-05-23 |
| AU2002223054A1 (en) | 2002-05-27 |
| FR2816760B1 (fr) | 2003-10-31 |
| US6821662B1 (en) | 2004-11-23 |
| FR2816760A1 (fr) | 2002-05-17 |
| CA2389610A1 (fr) | 2002-05-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20030616 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO SI |
|
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: BOUDIERE, GERARD Inventor name: CHARLAT, PIERRE |
|
| RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): DE DK FR GB IT NL |
|
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: L'AIR LIQUIDE, SOCIETE ANONYME POUR L'ETUDE ET L'E |
|
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: L'AIR LIQUIDE, SOCIETE ANONYME POUR L'ETUDE ET L'E |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18W | Application withdrawn |
Effective date: 20080811 |