EP1332807B1 - Method and apparatus for making a branch collar in a pipe - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for making a branch collar in a pipe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1332807B1 EP1332807B1 EP01660232A EP01660232A EP1332807B1 EP 1332807 B1 EP1332807 B1 EP 1332807B1 EP 01660232 A EP01660232 A EP 01660232A EP 01660232 A EP01660232 A EP 01660232A EP 1332807 B1 EP1332807 B1 EP 1332807B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- collar
- forming die
- diameter
- calibration mandrel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
- B21C37/28—Making tube fittings for connecting pipes, e.g. U-pieces
- B21C37/29—Making branched pieces, e.g. T-pieces
- B21C37/292—Forming collars by drawing or pushing a rigid forming tool through an opening in the tube wall
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method as defined in the preamble of claim 1 (see e.g. JP-A-62 292 219) and an apparatus as defined in the preamble of claim 3 for making a branch collar or a neck in a pipe.
- the collar size in a cross-pipe direction D 2 is less than in a lengthwise direction D 1 .
- the collar size in a crosswise direction is less than a dimension D 2 ' of the tool used for forming the collar.
- a body 1 of the apparatus comprises a cylindrical element provided with a lengthwise hole of rectangular cross-section, which is fitted with an elongated wedge 2 and its base member 5 whose end 4 can be engaged by a drive unit for operating the wedge 2 lengthwise of the body 1.
- the body 1 has its cylindrical surface formed with a substantially radial hole or recess 9.
- the hole or recess 9 can also be set at a desired angle within the range of 90°-45° with respect to the center axis of the body 1.
- the most common pipe branches are perpendicular and the most common collars or necks are perpendicular, whereby the angle is 90°.
- the bottom of a forming die 3 is in contact with a wedge surface 14 of the wedge 2 as the forming die 3 is positioned in the hole or recess 9.
- the wedge 2 is operated by pulling, but it can also be operated by pushing. It is also conceivable to employ two wedges which are movable in directions opposite to each other.
- a pipe to be collared is pushed over the body 1, such that a preformed hole in the pipe sets in alignment above the hole or recess 9 and the forming die 3 present in the latter.
- said forming die 3 is driven upwards to force the pipe wall outward from around the preformed hole.
- the pipe wall stretches around the rim of the preformed hole and forms a branching neck or collar, having its shape and direction consistent with those of the emerging forming die 3.
- the diameter of a tool depicted in fig. 3 is dimensioned for a loose fit in a pipe so as not to leave abrasion marks on the inside wall of the pipe.
- the forming die 3 fitted in the recess or hole 9 may not be of the size to cause marks on the inside wall of the pipe. This problem, which is about a die causing a mark or a scratch, is particularly evident when making a branch whose size is equal to the pipe itself.
- the neck or collar produced by means of the above-described forming die 3 is elliptical or oval.
- the collar diameter D 2 is smaller than the inner pipe diameter D as a result of the dimension D 2 ' of the forming die 3, as well as smaller than the diameter D 2 ' of the forming die 3 as a result of internal shaping stresses and elasticity of the material.
- This ellipticity of a collar can be rectified by using a special calibration mandrel 11 for finishing the collar.
- the calibration mandrel 11 is designed for axial movement co-directionally with the center line of the hole 9 present in the collaring tool and it can be pressed against the forming die 3 with a force sufficient for pushing the forming die 3 in front of it back into the hole 9 and stretching the collar to the dimensions of its own size.
- Diameters D 3 (crosswise) and D 4 (lengthwise) of the calibration mandrel 11, as well as those D 1 ' (lengthwise) and D 2 ' (crosswise) of the forming die 3 are interrelated, depending on the dimensions and qualities (elasticity) of a pipe to be worked and a desired final result, particularly whether it is desirable to have the inner diameter D 2 of a collar comply with the inner pipe diameter or whether it is desirable to provide the collar and the pipe with equal outer diameters. If the outer diameters are to be equal, the lengthwise diameter D 1 ' of the forming die 3 is dimensioned to provide the collar with a diametrical size D 1 which is so large that the corresponding outer diameter of the collar is slightly oversized.
- the calibration mandrel 11 is dimensioned in such a way that its crosswise diameter D 3 stretches the sides of the collar to a size matching the outer pipe diameter and its lengthwise diameter D 4 supports the collar in the longitudinal direction D 1 , allowing the diameter co-directional therewith to be reduced by the extent of an oversize produced by the die 3.
- a reduction of size occurring co-directionally with the diameter D 1 ' during the calibration process facilitates essentially a lateral stretching of the crosswise diameter D 2 .
- the calibration mandrel 11 has its pipe-entering end 12 designed in an arched shape for pushing its flanks 13 substantially closer to the center line of a pipe than the final position of the top end of the forming die 3. As pointed out above, the calibration mandrel 11 has a crosswise diameter D 3 which exceeds its lengthwise diameter D 4 . The mandrel 11 has an outer surface which is slightly conical.
- the calibration mandrel 11 has a dual function. It pushes the forming die 3 back to the bottom of the hole or recess 9 and at the same time its crosswise measurement disparity rectifies the dimensional error of the forming die 3, which results from the fact that a forming die, which fits inside a pipe, is not capable of producing a diametrical size sufficiently large in crosswise direction.
Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to a method as defined in the preamble of claim 1 (see e.g. JP-A-62 292 219) and an apparatus as defined in the preamble of
claim 3 for making a branch collar or a neck in a pipe. - This type of device is prior known from the Applicant's earlier patent publication US 5,515,710.
- When a tubular metal casing or mantle is formed with a branching, cylindrical collar or neck by stretching the casing material, its final size is determined by elasticity of the pipe and internal residual stresses of the material. As a rule, the collar size in a cross-pipe direction D2 is less than in a lengthwise direction D1. Moreover, in a majority of relevant materials, for instance in a stainless steel, the collar size in a crosswise direction is less than a dimension D2' of the tool used for forming the collar.
- This problem has been addressed in the prior patent publication US-5,515,710 by giving the forming die a diameter larger than that of the pipe. This oversized forming die is delivered inside a pipe by squeezing the pipe to ellipticity, whereby its diameter increases in the oversize direction of the forming die. This arrangement is possible with large pipes and thin walls, which possess a required elasticity. With regard to smaller pipes, wherein the ratio of a diameter to a wall thickness alters the pipe elasticity in such a way that said utilization of elasticity and pipe ellipticity is not functional, the shaping and dimensioning of a neck or collar can be implemented as described in this invention.
- It is an object of the invention to provide a method and an apparatus, which can be used for correcting the roundness and diametrical dimensions of a neck or collar formed by the collaring device disclosed in patent publication US-5,515,710.
- This object is accomplished by means of a method set forth in the appended
claim 1 and an apparatus set forth inclaim 3. The non-independent claims disclose preferred embodiments of the invention. - The invention will now be described in more detail by way of a working example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
- fig. 1
- shows an apparatus of the invention in side and plan views, respectively;
- fig. 2
- shows in a perspective view a collared pipe and relative dimensions of its collar and a forming tool in relation to a pipe diameter D;
- fig. 3
- shows the apparatus of fig. 1 in the initial position of a forming die, in compliance with the device disclosed in patent publication US- 5,515,710 except for the dimensioning of a forming die (a calibration mandrel of the invention is not shown);
- figs. 3A and 3B
- illustrate the forming die and its dimensioning in various diametrical directions;
- fig. 4
- shows a section taken along a line IV-IV in fig. 1; and
- fig. 5
- shows the dimensioning of a calibration mandrel in various diametrical directions.
- Referring to the illustrated embodiment, a
body 1 of the apparatus comprises a cylindrical element provided with a lengthwise hole of rectangular cross-section, which is fitted with anelongated wedge 2 and itsbase member 5 whoseend 4 can be engaged by a drive unit for operating thewedge 2 lengthwise of thebody 1. - The
body 1 has its cylindrical surface formed with a substantially radial hole orrecess 9. The hole orrecess 9 can also be set at a desired angle within the range of 90°-45° with respect to the center axis of thebody 1. However, the most common pipe branches are perpendicular and the most common collars or necks are perpendicular, whereby the angle is 90°. The bottom of a forming die 3 is in contact with awedge surface 14 of thewedge 2 as the formingdie 3 is positioned in the hole or recess 9. In the illustrated case, thewedge 2 is operated by pulling, but it can also be operated by pushing. It is also conceivable to employ two wedges which are movable in directions opposite to each other. - A pipe to be collared is pushed over the
body 1, such that a preformed hole in the pipe sets in alignment above the hole or recess 9 and the forming die 3 present in the latter. As thewedge 2 is forced to travel with its larger or thicker end moving towards the formingdie 3, said forming die 3 is driven upwards to force the pipe wall outward from around the preformed hole. The pipe wall stretches around the rim of the preformed hole and forms a branching neck or collar, having its shape and direction consistent with those of the emerging forming die 3. - The diameter of a tool depicted in fig. 3 is dimensioned for a loose fit in a pipe so as not to leave abrasion marks on the inside wall of the pipe. The forming die 3 fitted in the recess or
hole 9 may not be of the size to cause marks on the inside wall of the pipe. This problem, which is about a die causing a mark or a scratch, is particularly evident when making a branch whose size is equal to the pipe itself. - This problem is resolved with a method and an apparatus of the invention by designing the collar-forming
die 3 to be elliptical in such a way that its diameter D2' transverse to the pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe and smaller than a diameter D1' of the formingdie 3 in the longitudinal direction of the pipe. - The neck or collar produced by means of the above-described forming die 3 is elliptical or oval. The collar diameter D2 is smaller than the inner pipe diameter D as a result of the dimension D2' of the forming
die 3, as well as smaller than the diameter D2' of the formingdie 3 as a result of internal shaping stresses and elasticity of the material. - This ellipticity of a collar can be rectified by using a
special calibration mandrel 11 for finishing the collar. Thecalibration mandrel 11 is designed for axial movement co-directionally with the center line of thehole 9 present in the collaring tool and it can be pressed against the formingdie 3 with a force sufficient for pushing the formingdie 3 in front of it back into thehole 9 and stretching the collar to the dimensions of its own size. - Diameters D3 (crosswise) and D4 (lengthwise) of the
calibration mandrel 11, as well as those D1' (lengthwise) and D2' (crosswise) of the formingdie 3 are interrelated, depending on the dimensions and qualities (elasticity) of a pipe to be worked and a desired final result, particularly whether it is desirable to have the inner diameter D2 of a collar comply with the inner pipe diameter or whether it is desirable to provide the collar and the pipe with equal outer diameters. If the outer diameters are to be equal, the lengthwise diameter D1' of the formingdie 3 is dimensioned to provide the collar with a diametrical size D1 which is so large that the corresponding outer diameter of the collar is slightly oversized. In this case, thecalibration mandrel 11 is dimensioned in such a way that its crosswise diameter D3 stretches the sides of the collar to a size matching the outer pipe diameter and its lengthwise diameter D4 supports the collar in the longitudinal direction D1, allowing the diameter co-directional therewith to be reduced by the extent of an oversize produced by thedie 3. A reduction of size occurring co-directionally with the diameter D1' during the calibration process facilitates essentially a lateral stretching of the crosswise diameter D2. - The
calibration mandrel 11 has its pipe-entering end 12 designed in an arched shape for pushing itsflanks 13 substantially closer to the center line of a pipe than the final position of the top end of the formingdie 3. As pointed out above, thecalibration mandrel 11 has a crosswise diameter D3 which exceeds its lengthwise diameter D4. Themandrel 11 has an outer surface which is slightly conical. - Thus, the
calibration mandrel 11 has a dual function. It pushes the forming die 3 back to the bottom of the hole or recess 9 and at the same time its crosswise measurement disparity rectifies the dimensional error of the formingdie 3, which results from the fact that a forming die, which fits inside a pipe, is not capable of producing a diametrical size sufficiently large in crosswise direction.
Claims (7)
- A method for bending the rims of a pipe hole for a hole-enclosing collar or neck by using a forming die (3), which is movable radially relative to the pipe and which is displaced from inside the pipe outwards for shaping the collar, the rectification of a collar produced by the forming die (3) in terms of its roundness and/or diametrical sizes being effected by means of a calibration mandrel (11) movable from outside the pipe inwards, which is pressed by means of an external drive unit into a collar produced by the forming die (3), the calibration mandrel (11) stretching the collar to comply with its own size, characterized in that upon its penetration into the neck, the calibration mandrel (11) pushes the forming die back to its initial position for a new collaring operation.
- A method as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the forming die (3) is used to produce a collar diameter larger than a desired final size in the lengthwise direction and a collar diameter smaller than a desired final size in the crosswise direction of a pipe, and that the dimensioning of the collar diameters is rectified by a crosswise measurement of the calibration mandrel (11), wherein the calibration mandrel (11) has a diameter which is larger in a transverse direction (D2) than in a lengthwise direction (D1).
- A collaring apparatus for bending the rims of a hole for a hole-enclosing collar or neck, said apparatus comprising a body element (1) insertable inside a pipe to be collared and a forming die (3) adapted for substantially radial movement relative to the pipe and having an outer diameter which is substantially equal to a desired inner diameter for the collar, a hole or recess (9) present in the body element (1), which is dimensioned to receive the forming die (3), said forming die (3) being operable under the guidance of said hole or recess (9), as well as elements (2, 4, 5, 14) engageable with a drive unit for displacing the forming die (3) from inside the pipe outwards, characterized in that the hole or recess (9) has its center line aligned with a calibration mandrel (11) movable co-directionally therewith, which is pressable by means of an external drive unit from outside the pipe inwards into a collar produced by the forming die (3), the calibration mandrel (11) in use stretch-ing the collar to comply with its own size and, upon its penetration into the collar, the calibration mandrel (11) pushing the forming die (3) back to its initial position for a new collaring operation.
- An apparatus as set forth in claim 3, characterized in that the calibration mandrel (11) has its pipe-entering end (12) designed in an arched shape for pushing flanks (13) of the mandrel end substantially doser to the center line of a pipe than the final position of the top end of the forming die (3).
- An apparatus as set forth in claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the calibration mandrel (11) has a diameter which is larger in a transverse direction (D2) than in a lengthwise direction (D1) of the pipe.
- An apparatus as set forth in any of claims 3-5, characterized in that the calibration mandrel (11) has an outer surface which is slightly conical.
- An apparatus as set forth in any of claims 3-6, characterized in that the forming die (3) is dimensioned to produce a collar diameter (D1) larger than a desired final size in the lengthwise direction and a collar diameter (D2) smaller than a desired final size in the crosswise direction of a pipe, the calibration mandrel (11) having a crosswise measurement disparity which rectifies the final size as desired.
Priority Applications (12)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES01660232T ES2214391T5 (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2002-02-04 | PROCEDURE AND APPLIANCE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A DERIVATION HOSE IN A PIPE. |
DE60200192T DE60200192T3 (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2002-02-04 | Method and device for producing branch collars on pipes |
EP01660232A EP1332807B2 (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2002-02-04 | Method and apparatus for making a branch collar in a pipe |
TR2004/00278T TR200400278T4 (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2002-02-04 | Method and apparatus for making sleeve clamping rings in a pipe. |
DK01660232T DK1332807T4 (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2002-02-04 | Method and apparatus for producing a branch collar in a tube |
AT01660232T ATE258472T1 (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2002-02-04 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING BRANCH COLLARS ON PIPES |
DE20220397U DE20220397U1 (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2002-02-04 | Forming device for bending edges of hole in pipe to form flange or neck, includes expansion mandrel for pressing into flange from outside pipe |
PT01660232T PT1332807E (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2002-02-04 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING A COLLAR OF DERIVATIVES IN A PIPE |
MXPA03001044A MXPA03001044A (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2003-02-03 | Method and apparatus for making a branch collar in a pipe. |
BRPI0300276-4A BR0300276B1 (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2003-02-03 | method for bending the rings of a pipe hole and glue forming apparatus. |
AU2003200324A AU2003200324B2 (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2003-02-03 | Method and apparatus for making a branch collar in a pipe |
CN03102111.5A CN1264620C (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2003-02-08 | Method and equipment for producing bypass annular orifice on pipe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01660232A EP1332807B2 (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2002-02-04 | Method and apparatus for making a branch collar in a pipe |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1332807A1 EP1332807A1 (en) | 2003-08-06 |
EP1332807B1 true EP1332807B1 (en) | 2004-01-28 |
EP1332807B2 EP1332807B2 (en) | 2008-06-04 |
Family
ID=8183639
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01660232A Expired - Lifetime EP1332807B2 (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2002-02-04 | Method and apparatus for making a branch collar in a pipe |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1332807B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1264620C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE258472T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003200324B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0300276B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE20220397U1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1332807T4 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2214391T5 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA03001044A (en) |
PT (1) | PT1332807E (en) |
TR (1) | TR200400278T4 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006029124B4 (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2009-09-10 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Cantilever of sheet metal parts |
CN101947572B (en) * | 2010-09-14 | 2012-05-30 | 江阴中南重工股份有限公司 | Tile type production method for tee pipe fitting |
CN102029313A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-04-27 | 江阴中南重工股份有限公司 | Manufacture method of downward drawing of metal manifold |
CN108421844B (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2024-03-01 | 浙江高翔工贸有限公司 | Copper pipe tee bend stretching device |
CN108906901B (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2020-05-22 | 江阴市天柠管道有限公司 | Production process of arc-shaped collecting pipe |
CN110523852A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-12-03 | 山东金润德新材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of stainless steel double card presses adjustable straight joint and threeway head production mould |
CN115666814A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2023-01-31 | 荒木技研工业株式会社 | Device for manufacturing metal pipe branch structure and method for manufacturing metal pipe branch structure |
FI129931B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2022-11-15 | Leo Larikka | Method for calibrating the dimensions of a T-branch pipe and device for applying the method |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS62292219A (en) | 1986-06-12 | 1987-12-18 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Manufacture of branch pipe joint |
JP2525451B2 (en) * | 1988-04-05 | 1996-08-21 | 鋼管加工株式会社 | Branch pipe forming method |
CH687007A5 (en) | 1992-03-30 | 1996-08-30 | Efes Tex Ag | Device and method for necking a pipe. |
-
2002
- 2002-02-04 ES ES01660232T patent/ES2214391T5/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-02-04 TR TR2004/00278T patent/TR200400278T4/en unknown
- 2002-02-04 EP EP01660232A patent/EP1332807B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-02-04 DK DK01660232T patent/DK1332807T4/en active
- 2002-02-04 AT AT01660232T patent/ATE258472T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-02-04 PT PT01660232T patent/PT1332807E/en unknown
- 2002-02-04 DE DE20220397U patent/DE20220397U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-02-04 DE DE60200192T patent/DE60200192T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-02-03 BR BRPI0300276-4A patent/BR0300276B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-02-03 MX MXPA03001044A patent/MXPA03001044A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-02-03 AU AU2003200324A patent/AU2003200324B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-02-08 CN CN03102111.5A patent/CN1264620C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60200192T3 (en) | 2009-09-03 |
BR0300276A (en) | 2003-09-09 |
PT1332807E (en) | 2004-04-30 |
AU2003200324A1 (en) | 2003-08-21 |
EP1332807A1 (en) | 2003-08-06 |
ES2214391T3 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
ATE258472T1 (en) | 2004-02-15 |
CN1264620C (en) | 2006-07-19 |
DK1332807T4 (en) | 2008-07-21 |
CN1436614A (en) | 2003-08-20 |
EP1332807B2 (en) | 2008-06-04 |
DK1332807T3 (en) | 2004-03-15 |
DE20220397U1 (en) | 2003-07-10 |
BR0300276B1 (en) | 2011-10-04 |
TR200400278T4 (en) | 2004-03-22 |
DE60200192T2 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
ES2214391T5 (en) | 2008-12-16 |
AU2003200324B2 (en) | 2007-06-14 |
MXPA03001044A (en) | 2004-08-11 |
DE60200192D1 (en) | 2004-03-04 |
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