EP1320146B1 - Système d'antennes intelligentes multistandards et multibandes pour des communications cellulaires dans un environnement multioperateurs - Google Patents

Système d'antennes intelligentes multistandards et multibandes pour des communications cellulaires dans un environnement multioperateurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1320146B1
EP1320146B1 EP02380159A EP02380159A EP1320146B1 EP 1320146 B1 EP1320146 B1 EP 1320146B1 EP 02380159 A EP02380159 A EP 02380159A EP 02380159 A EP02380159 A EP 02380159A EP 1320146 B1 EP1320146 B1 EP 1320146B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
digital
antenna
signals
antenna system
antennas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02380159A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1320146A1 (fr
Inventor
Manuel Sierra Pérez
Miguel Calvo Ramon
José Luis Fernandez Jambrina
Leandro De Haro Ariet
Maria Belen Galocha Iraguen
Manuel Sierra Castaner
Ramon Martinez Rodriguez Osorio
Luis Enrique Garcia Munoz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sociedad Iberica de Construcciones Electricas SA
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Sociedad Iberica de Construcciones Electricas SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns

Definitions

  • the invention is related to wireless communication systems, and, in particular, to digital cellular teleommunications networks, specifically referring to an antenna system architecture that is intelligent modular and compatible, that is pluggable to any Node B or Base Station as the antenna can be shared by several operators, so that the different base stations of the latter can connect to said antenna.
  • the compatibility implies that the antenna system architecture can be plugged to the radiofrequency (RF) interface (Fig 1a), b) & c))used together with the rest of the base station's equipment, regardless of the manufacturer, which means that it is not necessary to change or modify the base station when you wish to replace the conventional antenna with the antenna that is the object of the invention.
  • RF radiofrequency
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • MMDS Multichannel Multipoint Distribution System
  • LMDS Local Multipoint Distribution Service
  • the intelligence refers to the possibility of the antenna having a variable radiation diagram, being capable of generating or selecting directive beams focussed on the required user.
  • the modularization concept is based on the use of combiners (in transmission) and dividers (in reception) before and after each channel's transmission and reception. The transmission and reception are separated by duplexers. Adding new channels or using new bands can be carried out by adding new radio frequency modules in both transmission and reception.
  • the radio software techniques also allow the shared use of the intelligent antenna by different communication standards, such as GSM, UMTS, MMDS, LMDS and others, including the processing modules required.
  • the compatibility refers to the possibility of using this antenna together with the rest of the base station's equipment, regardless of the manufacturer, making it possible to use it with base stations that are not prepared expressly to use the same.
  • it is not necessary to change the base station when you wish to replace the conventional antenna by the antenna that is the object of this invention enables direct connection into the radiofrequency interface, both at the transmitter power amplifier output as at the receiver low noise amplifier input with the Node B or Base Station without performing any change or modification in its hardware or software. That is the multistandard intelligent modular compatible antenna system allows the direct substitution of the connventional antennas from the Node B or Base Station by means of disconnecting its coaxial connectors of the later, and connecting instead the ones from the antenna object of this invention.
  • the compatible modular intelligent antenna for cellular communications in multioperator multistandard environments in accordance with the object of the invention, it is basically formed of: an antenna subsystem that includes the set of radiating elements, duplexers, low-noise amplifiers in reception, combining networks in transmission and dividing networks in reception, and passive control elements of the antenna diagram; an RF/IF subsystem, which includes all the analogical components associated with the transmitter and the receiver, amplifiers, frequency converters, filters, power amplifiers and A/D and D/A converters; a radio software subsystem, which includes all the channel separation processes, modulation, demodulation, filtering, coding and decoding, associated with the digital transmission and reception processes; an adaptive algorithm subsystem, which includes the digital processes associated with the signal control of the whole of the antenna, in both reception and transmission. This subsystem is very related to the previous one.
  • FIG. 1 corresponds to a conventional base station, including a system (1) of conventional antennas (not intelligent), a link (2), by which the signal is taken from the antenna to the equipment (3) of the base station (for example, Node B in UMTS terminology).
  • the conventional base station mentiodeis joined by a link (4) to the rest of the network (5).
  • the architecture presented allows the same for a multistandard compatible that is pluggable to the RF interface of any Node B or Base Station, modular intelligent antenna system to be shared by different operators that have different standards, so the architecture's modularity allows the number of operators to increase and for them to be able to support the different communications standards thanks to the flexibility provided by the radio software.
  • the compatibility concept is achieved by demodulating, shaping the beam with the criterion of adapting the diagram selected and then modulating again (DEREM concept).
  • Figure 3 shows the modular architecture of the a multistandard compatible, that is pluggable to the RF interface of any Node B or Base Station, intelligent antenna systemparticularised to support different operators in a certain standard, in which you can see a set of antennas (17) for every one of the orthogonal polarisations established in blocks (18) and (19), so that each antenna (17) is attacked by a duplexer/combiner/divider (20) which manages t separate the channels.
  • RF radio frequency
  • A/D analog/digital
  • A/D analog/digital and digital/analog conversion block
  • digital demodulation by a digital transmitter/receiver block
  • an optimum combination of the signals from the different antennas in accordance with the shaping criterion for every channel, by a beam shaper (24).
  • the process for every channel is similar, in other words a digital modulation (23), a digital/analog conversion (22) and a conversion from intermediate frequency to radio frequency (21).
  • the channels are combined by means of a duplexer/combiner/divider (20) to be able to provide the nodes (25) of the different operators with service.
  • the transmission process would be analogue to the reception process, which is the one that has been explained, but the signals would flow in the opposite direction, in other words from the nods of the different operators (25) to the antennas (17), in other words, the signal of a specific node would be divided into its different channels (20), with the process for every channel as follows: RF/IF conversion (21), A/D conversion (22), digital demodulation (23), beam shaping (24), digital remodulation (23), D/A conversion (22), IF/RF conversion (21). Then the channels (20) combine and they are transferred to the antennas (17).
  • the area marked with the reference (26) in figure 3 does not break the modularity, since it can be implemented by radio software techniques, and it is therefore a software that can be updated, respecting all the hardware.
  • FIG. 4 shows the corresponding elements of the RF system, which are as follows:
  • Figure 5 shows the diagram of the hardware required for the digital receiver, which has to be accompanied by the digital process signal. Shown in said figure are the A/D converter (37), the numeric oscillator (38) of fo frequency (39). The output signal of said oscillator and its 90° phase shift by block (40), multiply the digital signal, which after being decimated by the block (41), gives rise to inphase (42) and quadrature (43) signals.
  • FIG. 6 shows the configuration for the beam shaping subsystem using the case of the uplink for the UMTS standard as an example.
  • the adaptive process subsystem is responsible for updating the array factor, using the synchronisation pilot reference signal for the shaping, which is sent via the Dedicated Physical Control Channel (DPCCH) for every one of the users.
  • DPCCH Dedicated Physical Control Channel
  • An adaptive array is going to be used as the intelligent antenna.
  • Figure 3 shows the diagram of the system blocks. Four subsystems can be identified in it:
  • the antenna subsystem for the UMTS adaptive array application is formed of a group of vertical linear arrays formed by coincident or alternated dual-polarised antennas.
  • the base stations are formed of three sectors, so every one of the flat groups would replace one of those with a 120° coverage.
  • the base element of every group will be a vertical panel of dual linear polarisation ( ⁇ 45° or V/H) with vertical beam widths of around 7.5° and beam widths in the hor izontal plane of 65° or 90°.
  • the typical gain is 17 dBi.
  • the RF subsystem is the one that appears separated in more detail in the diagram in figure 4, although it is understood that it would all go in the same module.
  • the components of the same are the ones mentioned in the description of the drawings.
  • the IF is chosen high to allow a better elimination of the image band, avoiding possible interferences.
  • the digital conversion is carried out in IF, avoiding filtering and analog phase noise.
  • the radio software subsystem is formed of an A/D converter with a high capacity (e.g. 75 MHz, 12/14 bits) followed by a digital I/Q converter controlled by an NCO, such as the one shown in figure 5, in which phase noise is not created and the features are improved.
  • the sampling is carried out at the required frequency (fs) depending on the value of the IF to fulfil the Nyquist theorem.
  • the NCO generates sine and cosine signals corresponding to the fs frequency selected from the A/D converter.
  • the frequency change only consists of writing a numeric value in the register.
  • the signal generated does not modify its frequency, so no phase noise is introduced.
  • the M rate decimator is introduced.
  • the signal process cards would be sited, where the processes of spreading/unspreading would be carried out by software in order to separate every one of the channel codes, and spreading/unspreading in order to regenerate the CDMA signal again (FDD mode).
  • the signals separated by code multiply by the array factor weights [w] for the beam shaping for every one of the channels.
  • the adaptive process subsystem is responsible for calculating those weights, using the synchronisation pilot reference signal for the shaping, which is sent by the dedicated physical control channel for every one of the users.
  • the shaping algorithm proposed here is a temporary reference one.
  • a configuration example of this shaper for the uplink is the content in figure 6. It does not include the RAKE (receiver structure that behaves as a filter adapted to the multipath signal received, so that its detrimental effect can be combated), so the system is simplified by making the intelligent antenna, which is only directed towards the main path, responsible for the elimination.
  • a first version of this intelligent antenna has been planned for use with the UMTS standard.
  • This implementation is modular, since it allows the number of channels used to be increased. Modularity makes it possible to provide different operators with service, and this fact means that this network infrastructure can be shared. This results in a better use of the infrastructures, as well as less visual and environmental impact.
  • the system implemented enables it to be used together with any system of base stations, in other words, the system is compatible with any manufacturer of B Nodes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)
  • Transceivers (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Système d'antenne pour communication cellulaire dans un environnement multi-opérateur multi-standard, le système d'antenne étant apte à présenter un diagramme de radiation variable, caractérisé en ce qu'il inclut une matrice (7) d'antennes (17) et un duplexeur (8) apte à séparer les signaux en la matrice (7) en différentes bandes correspondant à différents standards de communication, le système comprenant en outre un module de communication (10), (11), (12) pour chacun desdits standards, chacun desdits modules de communication (10), (11), (12) étant apte à comprendre un sous-système (13) RF, un sous-système (14) logiciel radio, et un sous-système (15) de formation de faisceau, tandis que chacun des modules de communication (10), (11), (12) est relié à une station de base (16) d'opérateurs utilisant lesdits standards, et tandis que chacune desdites antennes (17) est fixée à un diviseur/combineur duplexeur (20) apte à séparer les canaux, et pour chaque canal ayant une fréquence radio au convertisseur (21) de fréquence intermédiaire, un premier convertisseur (22) analogique/numérique et un démodulateur (23) numérique, le système comprenant en outre un conformateur de rayon (24) commun avec les démodulateurs (23) numériques respectifs aptes à combiner les signaux provenant des antennes (17) selon un critère de forme pour chaque canal, tandis que les seconds convertisseurs (22') numériques/analogiques et les convertisseurs fréquence intermédiaire/fréquence radio pour chaque canal sont combinés dans un second combineur (20') à partir duquel le service est pourvu aux différents noeuds (25) des différents opérateurs.
  2. Système d'antenne selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le sous-système de radio fréquence inclut : des duplexeurs (28) en tant que moyens de séparation des signaux de transmission et de réception qui atteignent l'antenne ; des amplificateurs (29) à bas bruit pour la réception, des amplificateurs de puissance (30), des diviseurs (31), sont responsables pour la division du signal et l'amplification de celui-ci pour entrer dans l'étape de fréquence radio / fréquence intermédiaire avec la puissance requise ; des combineurs (32) passifs par lesquels les signaux à partir des convertisseurs (33) fréquence radio/fréquence intermédiaire sont combinés pour amplification ultérieure ; des convertisseurs (34) analogiques/numériques et numériques/analogiques, un module (35) de processus numérique avec un démodulateur en phase et en quadrature, et un modulateur (36), générateur de signaux de diversité.
  3. Système d'antenne selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le sous-système logiciel radio ou le récepteur numérique inclut un convertisseur (37) analogique/numérique, un oscillateur (38) numérique de fréquence fo (39), dont le signal de sortie est en phase décalée de 90 degrés par un décaleur de phase (40) et multiplie le signal d'entrée numérique, les signaux étant ensuite soumis à décimation par (41), conduisant à des signaux en phase (42) et en quadrature (43).
  4. Système d'antenne selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est conçu pour le standard UMTS et en ce que le sous-système (15) de formation de rayon inclut des décodeurs (47) d'accès multiple de division de code de codes longs, des décodeurs (48) d'accès multiple de division de code de codes courts ; des filtres passe-bas (49) et des multiplicateurs (50), (51) et (52) par le poids de conformation du facteur de matrices et un bloc (54) où réside l'algorythme de minimisation, et dont la sortie est le signal des multiplicateurs (50), (51) et (52) combiné de manière appropriée et soustrait de la référence (53) et dont la sortie (55) est le vecteur de poids mis à jour.
  5. Système d'antenne selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un des modules de communication (10), (11), (12) est apte à transmettre et recevoir dans le standard UMTS ou dans le standard GSM.
  6. Méthode opératoire pour le système d'antenne pour des communications cellulaires dans des environnements multi-opérateurs multi-standards, dans laquelle des rayons directifs, focalisés sur l'utilisateur, sont engendrés ou choisis, caractérisé en ce que le processus de réception pour chacun des standards comporte les étapes suivantes :
    - séparation du signal en une matrice d'antenne dans différentes bandes correspondant à différents standards de communication,
    - démodulation du rayon,
    - combinaison des signaux provenant des différentes antennes (17) et conformation commune du rayon,
    - modulation du rayon, et combinaison des canaux pour réaliser le service en des noeuds des différents opérateurs (25).
EP02380159A 2001-12-14 2002-07-11 Système d'antennes intelligentes multistandards et multibandes pour des communications cellulaires dans un environnement multioperateurs Expired - Lifetime EP1320146B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200102780A ES2192970B1 (es) 2001-12-14 2001-12-14 Antena inteligente compatible modular multiestandar para comunicaciones celulares en entornos multioperador.
ES200102780 2001-12-14

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EP1320146B1 true EP1320146B1 (fr) 2006-06-21

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AT (1) ATE331310T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60212553T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK1320146T3 (fr)
ES (2) ES2192970B1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101500244B (zh) * 2008-02-01 2011-02-09 华为技术有限公司 家用基站网络共享的方法、家用基站和通信系统
KR101638808B1 (ko) 2009-04-23 2016-07-13 카트라인-베르케 카게 이동 무선 신호의 송·수신 장치
US10693528B1 (en) 2019-06-14 2020-06-23 Corning Reaserch & Development Corporation Antenna array sharing in a multi-operator radio node in a communications system

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KR100619814B1 (ko) * 2003-09-19 2006-09-13 엘지전자 주식회사 스마트 안테나 및 휴대단말기의 스마트 안테나 시스템 및 그 이용방법
US7120465B2 (en) * 2003-12-20 2006-10-10 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Transceiver system including multiple radio base stations that share an antenna
ATE380412T1 (de) * 2004-08-10 2007-12-15 Antennea Technologies S L Adaptives einsteck-antennensystem und betriebsverfahren dafür
WO2006024516A1 (fr) 2004-08-31 2006-03-09 Fractus, S.A. Reseau d'antennes multibandes minces pour stations de base cellulaires
EP1935057B1 (fr) 2005-10-14 2012-02-01 Fractus S.A. Reseau d'antennes minces triple bande pour stations de base cellulaires
US8289910B2 (en) 2009-04-24 2012-10-16 Kathrein-Werke Kg Device for receiving and transmitting mobile telephony signals with multiple transmit-receive branches
US8457698B2 (en) * 2011-01-05 2013-06-04 Alcatel Lucent Antenna array for supporting multiple beam architectures
WO2012141624A1 (fr) * 2011-04-11 2012-10-18 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Module radio, ensemble radio et procédé correspondant
CN104521152B (zh) * 2013-08-09 2019-02-01 华为技术有限公司 多运营商共享天线的方法、系统和射频数字转换单元

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FI88660C (fi) * 1991-01-09 1993-06-10 Nokia Telecommunications Oy Radiosaendarmottagarsystem
DE19803188B4 (de) * 1998-01-28 2006-04-20 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Basisstation zur Datenübertragung in einem Funk-Kommunikationssystem
GB2346049A (en) * 1999-01-19 2000-07-26 Roke Manor Research Duplex filtering
SE516182C2 (sv) * 1999-02-26 2001-11-26 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Mottagning av olika signalformatstandarder i radiosystem med flera standarder
GB2348755B (en) * 1999-04-01 2001-03-07 Wireless Systems Int Ltd Signal processing
DE10026077B4 (de) * 2000-05-25 2007-03-22 Siemens Ag Strahlformungsverfahren

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101500244B (zh) * 2008-02-01 2011-02-09 华为技术有限公司 家用基站网络共享的方法、家用基站和通信系统
KR101638808B1 (ko) 2009-04-23 2016-07-13 카트라인-베르케 카게 이동 무선 신호의 송·수신 장치
US10693528B1 (en) 2019-06-14 2020-06-23 Corning Reaserch & Development Corporation Antenna array sharing in a multi-operator radio node in a communications system

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Publication number Publication date
DE60212553T2 (de) 2007-05-16
ES2267964T3 (es) 2007-03-16
DK1320146T3 (da) 2006-10-30
DE60212553D1 (de) 2006-08-03
ES2192970A1 (es) 2003-10-16
ATE331310T1 (de) 2006-07-15
EP1320146A1 (fr) 2003-06-18
ES2192970B1 (es) 2005-09-01

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