EP1311795A1 - Cartridge - Google Patents
CartridgeInfo
- Publication number
- EP1311795A1 EP1311795A1 EP01960519A EP01960519A EP1311795A1 EP 1311795 A1 EP1311795 A1 EP 1311795A1 EP 01960519 A EP01960519 A EP 01960519A EP 01960519 A EP01960519 A EP 01960519A EP 1311795 A1 EP1311795 A1 EP 1311795A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cartridge
- booster
- ignition
- charge
- propellant charge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N cocaine Chemical compound O([C@H]1C[C@@H]2CC[C@@H](N2C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
- F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
- F42B5/05—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile for recoilless guns
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
- F41A19/57—Firing mechanisms operating with primer cartridge
Definitions
- the invention relates to a cartridge with a launch tube open on both sides, in which a projectile and a propellant charge cartridge are arranged.
- Cartridges with a launch tube open on both sides are used in recoil-free barrel weapons, for example in so-called nozzle cannons and rocket-propelled grenades.
- the shell impulse is compensated for by the rocket-propelled grenade by means of a countermass emerging from the launch tube in the opposite direction of the projectile.
- the propellant charge cartridge is located in the launch tube between the floor and the counter mass.
- the launch tube has radial ignition bores in the area of the propellant charge cartridge, in which igniters sit, which ignite the propellant charge in the propellant charge cartridge directly from the radially outside.
- the launch tube is mechanically weakened by the ignition holes, so that the use of lighter and weaker materials for the launch tube, for example plastic tubes reinforced with aramid fibers, is not possible.
- the object of the invention is to improve the igniter of a recoil-free cartridge.
- the cartridge according to the invention has a non-electrical ignition line which is connected to the propellant charge cartridge and through which the propellant charge can be ignited.
- the ignition line is attached axially to the propellant charge cartridge and is led out of the launch tube at an axial end of the launch tube. After the cartridge has been inserted into a firing device, the free end of the ignition line is connected to a firing device of the firing device. An ignition pulse is therefore no longer supplied to the propellant charge cartridge by the shortest possible route from the radially outside directly into the propellant charge cartridge, but via a detour through one of the two longitudinal openings of the launch tube.
- the launch tube can therefore be free of radial openings and is no longer weakened, particularly in the area of high explosion forces, namely in the area of the propellant charge cartridge.
- the non-electrical design of the firing lead excludes undesired, electrically induced firing impulses, which cannot be ruled out when using electrical leads, and therefore guarantees a high level of interference.
- the ignition cable can be led out of the rear opening of the launch tube facing away from the projectile.
- the ignition line is a pyrotechnic ignition line.
- the ignition line can be designed as an internally hollow ignition transmission tube which has a non-explosive explosive coating on the inside. After lighting a primer u. At the free end of the ignition transmission hose, the explosive is ignited on the inside of the ignition transmission hose, whereupon a shock wave propagates at high speed through the ignition transmission hose. The running time of the shock wave through the ignition transmission hose is so short even with longer hoses that the delay between the ignition of the ignition transmission hose and the ignition of the propellant charge is sufficiently short.
- the design of the ignition line as an explosive-coated ignition transmission hose offers short ignition times and a high degree of interference immunity, reliability and durability.
- a booster for igniting the propellant charge is arranged in the axial center of the propellant charge cartridge, the ignition line opening axially into the booster.
- the booster contains a booster charge that the weak ignition pulse from the ignition line as far reinforces that the propellant charge can be ignited directly or with the interposition of an additional charge. It is only when a booster is used that an explosive-coated ignition transmission hose can be used as the ignition line.
- the booster preferably has an explosive booster charge in an insulating cylindrical booster housing, the booster housing having radial openings in the region of the booster charge.
- the booster charge is thus insulated by the booster housing in such a way that the combustion gases and particles emerge from the cylindrical booster housing only in the radial direction. This avoids an axial impulse on the booster, so that the booster is in any case not driven axially out back of the launch tube, where it would represent a dangerous projectile. This ensures a back-tube safety of forty meters with rocket-propelled grenades.
- the hot gases and particles emerging radially outward from the booster housing reach the bypass or the propellant charge of the propellant charge cartridge in the shortest radial way, so that the propellant charge is ignited with little delay.
- the booster is preferably firmly connected to the projectile end of the propellant charge cartridge.
- the end of the propellant cartridge on the projectile side is ejected axially forward from the firing tube after the propellant charge has been ignited, hurrying behind the projectile.
- the booster is also carried axially forward and ejected from the front of the launch tube. This ensures that the booster is never ejected from the rear of the launch tube, so that the safety of the rear tube cannot be impaired.
- the launch tube is preferably free of radial openings.
- the radially opening-free design of the launch tube enables the use of light, non-metallic materials for the launch tube, for example plastic tubes reinforced with fiber fibers, among others.
- Fig. 2 shows a propellant charge cartridge with a booster of the cartridge of Fig. 1 and
- Fig. 3 shows the booster of Fig. 2 in longitudinal section.
- a so-called apelooka 10 is shown, as it is used to combat armored vehicles.
- the Panzerfaust 10 consists of a launcher 12 to which an exchangeable cartridge 14 is attached.
- the cartridge 14 essentially consists of a launch tube 16 open on both longitudinal sides, in which a projectile 18, a propellant charge cartridge 20 and a countermass 22 are arranged approximately in the center and one behind the other.
- the projectile 18 is a conventional projectile for defense against armored vehicles.
- the counter mass 22 consists of pressed iron powder.
- the launcher 12 has holding elements for holding and fixing the replaceable cartridge 14.
- the launcher 12 also has a handle 24, a rear handle 26 and a front handle 28.
- a trigger 30 with a trigger lever 32 is arranged in the area of the front handle 28.
- a trigger linkage, not shown, is actuated by the trigger lever 32 and triggers a striking movement of a striking pin in a trigger mechanism 34.
- the propellant cartridge 20 shown in detail in FIG. 1
- Cartridge housing 38 with an annular disk-shaped front wall 40 on the projectile side, a corresponding rear wall 42 and a cylindrical outer peripheral wall 44 on. All walls 40-44 are made of paper or cardboard.
- a front propellant charge 46, a rear propellant charge 48 and, separate the two propellant charges 46, 48 from one another, an additional charge 50 made of an ignition mixture are arranged in a ring shape within the cartridge housing 38.
- an approximately cylindrical cavity 52 is continuously provided in the longitudinal direction, into which a booster 54 is inserted.
- the booster 54 contains an explosive booster charge 58 which is arranged axially approximately at the level of the additional charge 50.
- the booster 54 has a cylindrical booster housing 60, the front of which is closed.
- the booster housing 60 is made of aluminum.
- the front third of the booster housing 60 is filled with an inert filler plug 62.
- the filler plug 62 is made of polyethylene, but can also consist of aluminum.
- the front filler plug is not required for versions of the lighter in a shorter design.
- the middle third of the booster 54 is filled with the booster charge 58, while the rear third of the booster housing forms a receptacle for an ignition line 56 and contains a transfer charge 64 between the end of the ignition line and the booster charge 58.
- the ignition line 56 is anchored to the booster housing 60 by a constriction 66 produced by crimping.
- the booster-side end piece of the ignition line 56 is surrounded by a cylindrical sealing element 68 made of plastic.
- the booster housing 60 has a plurality of radial openings 70 in the region of the additional charge 50, through which the reaction products of the ignited booster charge 58 can escape radially outward in order to ignite the additional charge 50.
- the front end of the booster housing 60 is glued into a fastening bush 61, which in turn is glued to the front wall 40 of the cartridge housing 38.
- the booster 54 is connected to the trigger mechanism 34 outside the cartridge 14 by a non-electrical ignition line 56 designed as an ignition transmission hose 57.
- the ignition line 56 is a hollow ignition transmission hose 57 which is internally coated with a non-explosive Explosives is vaporized.
- the ignition line 56 is approximately 1 cm long and is led out of the launch tube 16 through the rear opening 17, and from there is placed forward to the trigger mechanism 34.
- a primer cap 72 is arranged, which is ignited mechanically by striking the fired striker and thereby triggers the shock wave in the firing transmission tube 57.
- the projectile 18 is fired by a chain of firing processes. "First of all, by pulling the trigger lever 32 of the trigger 30, a firing pin is unlocked in the trigger mechanism 34 so that the firing pin hits the firing cap 72 at high speed and thereby ignites the firing cap 72.
- the detonator coating ignites the explosive coating in the ignition transmission hose 57, as a result of which a shock wave propagates at high speed through the ignition line 56 from the mechanism 34 to be triggered in the direction of the booster 54.
- the shock wave alone is not sufficient for the booster charge, the additional charge 50 or the To ignite propellant charge 46, 48 directly with great reliability, so that the shock wave entering the booster 54 first ignites the transfer charge 64, which in turn ignites the actual booster charge 58. Since the booster housing 60 has good insulation properties After the booster charge 58 has been ignited, the reaction products, that is to say hot particles and hot gases, are expelled essentially radially outward through the radial openings 70.
- the charge 50 When the reaction products emerge in the exclusively radial direction, the charge 50 is ignited and in any case no radial impulse is brought about on the booster housing 60, so that the booster housing 60 remains in the propellant charge cartridge 20 via the fastening bushing 61.
- the front and rear propellant charges 46, 48 are ignited by the escaping reaction products of the auxiliary charge 50 that is now to be ignited, which cause a strong explosion.
- the countermass 22 is driven backwards and the projectile 18 out of the launch tube 16.
- the cardboard cartridge housing 38 is destroyed, the cartridge front wall 40 in is driven out of the launch tube 16 in each case following the projectile 18.
- the front wall 40 drags the booster 54 glued to it via the fastening bushing 61 and thereby pulls the booster 54 forward out of the launch tube 16. This ensures that the booster 54 cannot emerge from the rear of the launch tube 16, where it would constitute a dangerous projectile. This measure ensures a back tube safety of 40 meters.
- the ignition delay times of the ignition described via the non-electrical ignition line 56 are uniform and sufficiently short.
- the following interior ballistic parameters are also satisfactory, as tests have shown.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Patrone cartridge
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Patrone mit einem zu beiden Seiten offenen Abschussrohr, in dem ein Geschoss und eine Treibladungskartusche angeordnet sind.The invention relates to a cartridge with a launch tube open on both sides, in which a projectile and a propellant charge cartridge are arranged.
Patronen mit einem beidseitig offenen Abschussrohr werden in rückstoßfreien Rohrwaffen eingesetzt, beispielsweise in sogenannten Düsenkanonen und Panzerfäusten. Der Ausgleich des Geschossimpulses erfolgt bei der Panzerfaust durch eine in Geschossgegenrichtung nach hinten aus dem Abschussrohr austretende Gegenmasse. Die Treibladungskartusche sitzt in dem Abschussrohr zwischen dem Geschoss und der Gegenmasse. Bei bekannten Panzerfaust- Patronen weist das Abschussrohr im Bereich der Treibladungskartusche radiale Anzündbohrungen auf, in denen Anzünder sitzen, die die Treibladung in der Treibladungskartusche direkt von radial außen zünden. Durch die Anzündbohrungen wird das Abschussrohr mechanisch geschwächt, so dass der Einsatz von leichteren und schwächeren Werkstoffen für das Abschussrohr, beispielsweise von mit Aramidfasem armierten Kunststoffrohren, nicht möglich ist.Cartridges with a launch tube open on both sides are used in recoil-free barrel weapons, for example in so-called nozzle cannons and rocket-propelled grenades. The shell impulse is compensated for by the rocket-propelled grenade by means of a countermass emerging from the launch tube in the opposite direction of the projectile. The propellant charge cartridge is located in the launch tube between the floor and the counter mass. In known Panzerfaust cartridges, the launch tube has radial ignition bores in the area of the propellant charge cartridge, in which igniters sit, which ignite the propellant charge in the propellant charge cartridge directly from the radially outside. The launch tube is mechanically weakened by the ignition holes, so that the use of lighter and weaker materials for the launch tube, for example plastic tubes reinforced with aramid fibers, is not possible.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, den Anzündapparat einer rückstoßfreien Patrone zu verbessern.The object of the invention is to improve the igniter of a recoil-free cartridge.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved with the features of claim 1.
Die erfindungsgemäße Patrone weist eine nicht-elektrische Anzündleitung auf, die mit der Treibladungskartusche verbunden ist und durch die die Treibladung angezündet werden kann. Die Anzündleitung ist axial an der Treibladungskartusche befestigt und ist an einem axialem Ende des Abschussrohres aus dem Abschussrohr herausgeführt. Nach dem Einlegen der Patrone in eine Abschussvorrichtung wird die Anzündleitung mit ihrem freiem Ende mit einer Auslösevorrichtung der Abschussvorrichtung verbunden. Die Zuführung eines Anzündimpulses zu der Treibladungskartusche erfolgt also nicht mehr auf kürzestem Weg von radial außen direkt in die Treibladungskartusche, sondern über einen Umweg durch eine der beiden längsseitigen Öffnungen des Abschussrohres.The cartridge according to the invention has a non-electrical ignition line which is connected to the propellant charge cartridge and through which the propellant charge can be ignited. The ignition line is attached axially to the propellant charge cartridge and is led out of the launch tube at an axial end of the launch tube. After the cartridge has been inserted into a firing device, the free end of the ignition line is connected to a firing device of the firing device. An ignition pulse is therefore no longer supplied to the propellant charge cartridge by the shortest possible route from the radially outside directly into the propellant charge cartridge, but via a detour through one of the two longitudinal openings of the launch tube.
Durch die Verwendung der Anzündleitung kann auf eine direkte radiale Anzündung der Treibladung durch die Abschussrohrwand hindurch verzichtet werden. Das Abschussrohr kann daher frei von radialen Öffnungen sein und ist insbesondere im Bereich hoher Explosionskräfte, nämlich im Bereich der Treibladungskartusche, nicht mehr geschwächt.By using the ignition line, direct radial ignition of the propellant charge through the launch tube wall can be dispensed with. The launch tube can therefore be free of radial openings and is no longer weakened, particularly in the area of high explosion forces, namely in the area of the propellant charge cartridge.
Die nicht-elektrische Ausbildung der Anzündleitung schließt unerwünschte elektrisch induzierte Anzündimpulse aus, wie sie beim Einsatz von elektrischen Zuleitungen nicht ausgeschlossen werden können, und gewährt daher eine hohe.- Störungssicherheit. Die Anzündleitung kann aus der dem Geschoss abgewandten rückwärtigen Öffnung des Abschussrohres herausgeführt werden.The non-electrical design of the firing lead excludes undesired, electrically induced firing impulses, which cannot be ruled out when using electrical leads, and therefore guarantees a high level of interference. The ignition cable can be led out of the rear opening of the launch tube facing away from the projectile.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ist die Anzündleitung eine pyrotechnische Anzündleitung. Die Anzündleitung kann als ein innen hohler Anzündübertragungsschlauch ausgebildet sein, der innenseitig eine nicht sprengkräftige Sprengmittelbeschichtung aufweist. Nach Anzündung eines Anzündhütchens u. ä. an dem freien Ende des Anzündübertragungsschlauches wird das Sprengmittel auf der Innenseite des Anzündübertragungsschlauches angezündet, woraufhin sich eine Stoßwelle mit hoher Geschwindigkeit durch den Anzündübertragungsschlauch fortpflanzt. Die Laufzeit der Stoßwelle durch den Anzündübertragungsschlauch ist auch bei längeren Schläuchen so kurz, dass die Verzögerung zwischen der Anzündung des Anzündübertragungsschlauches und der Anzündung der Treibladung ausreichend kurz ist. Die Ausbildung der Anzündleitung als sprengmittelbeschichteter Anzündübertragungsschlauch bietet kurze Anzündzeiten und ein hohes Maß an Störsicherheit, Zuverlässigkeit und Haltbarkeit.According to a preferred embodiment, the ignition line is a pyrotechnic ignition line. The ignition line can be designed as an internally hollow ignition transmission tube which has a non-explosive explosive coating on the inside. After lighting a primer u. At the free end of the ignition transmission hose, the explosive is ignited on the inside of the ignition transmission hose, whereupon a shock wave propagates at high speed through the ignition transmission hose. The running time of the shock wave through the ignition transmission hose is so short even with longer hoses that the delay between the ignition of the ignition transmission hose and the ignition of the propellant charge is sufficiently short. The design of the ignition line as an explosive-coated ignition transmission hose offers short ignition times and a high degree of interference immunity, reliability and durability.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ist in der axialen Mitte der Treibladungskartusche ein Booster zum Anzünden der Treibladung angeordnet, wobei die Anzündleitung axial in den Booster mündet. Der Booster enthält eine Boosterladung, die den schwachen Anzündimpuls aus der Anzündleitung soweit verstärkt, dass die Treibladung direkt oder Unter Zwischenschaltung einer Beiladung angezündet werden kann. Erst der Einsatz eines Boosters ermöglicht die Verwendung eines sprengmittelbeschichteten Anzündübertragungsschlauches als Anzündleitung.According to a preferred embodiment, a booster for igniting the propellant charge is arranged in the axial center of the propellant charge cartridge, the ignition line opening axially into the booster. The booster contains a booster charge that the weak ignition pulse from the ignition line as far reinforces that the propellant charge can be ignited directly or with the interposition of an additional charge. It is only when a booster is used that an explosive-coated ignition transmission hose can be used as the ignition line.
Vorzugsweise weist der Booster eine explosive Boosterladung in einem dämmenden zylinderförmigen Boostergehäuse auf, wobei das Boostergehäuse im Bereich der Boosterladung radiale Öffnungen aufweist. Die Boosterladung ist durch das Boostergehäuse also derart gedämmt, dass die Verbrennungsgase und -partikel ausschließlich in radialer Richtung aus dem zylinderförmigen Boostergehäuse austreten. Hierdurch wird ein axialer Impuls auf den Booster vermieden, so dass der Booster jedenfalls nicht nach axial hinten aus dem Abschussrohr herausgetrieben wird, wo er ein gefährliches Geschoss darstellen würde. Hierdurch bleibt bei Panzerfäusten eine Hinterrohrsicherheit von vierzig Metern sichergestellt. Die aus dem Boostergehäuse radial nach außen austretenden heißen Gase und Partikel gelangen auf kürzestem radialen Weg auf die Beiladung bzw. auf die Treibladung der Treibladungskartusche, so dass eine verzögerungsarme Anzündung der Treibladung gewährleistet ist.The booster preferably has an explosive booster charge in an insulating cylindrical booster housing, the booster housing having radial openings in the region of the booster charge. The booster charge is thus insulated by the booster housing in such a way that the combustion gases and particles emerge from the cylindrical booster housing only in the radial direction. This avoids an axial impulse on the booster, so that the booster is in any case not driven axially out back of the launch tube, where it would represent a dangerous projectile. This ensures a back-tube safety of forty meters with rocket-propelled grenades. The hot gases and particles emerging radially outward from the booster housing reach the bypass or the propellant charge of the propellant charge cartridge in the shortest radial way, so that the propellant charge is ignited with little delay.
Vorzugsweise ist der Booster fest mit dem geschossseitigen Ende der Treibladungskartusche verbunden. Das geschossseitige Ende der Treibladungskartusche wird nach denri Anzünden der Treibladung, hinter dem Geschoss hereilend, axial vorwärts aus dem Abschussrohr ausgestoßen. Durch die Verbindung des Boosters mit dem geschossseitigen Kartuschenende wird der Booster ebenfalls nach axial vorwärts mitgerissen und vorne aus dem Abschussrohr ausgestoßen. Hierdurch wird sichergestellt, dass der Booster in keinem Fall rückseitig aus dem Abschussrohr herausgestoßen wird, so dass die Hinterrohrsicherheit hierdurch nicht beeinträchtigt werden kann.The booster is preferably firmly connected to the projectile end of the propellant charge cartridge. The end of the propellant cartridge on the projectile side is ejected axially forward from the firing tube after the propellant charge has been ignited, hurrying behind the projectile. By connecting the booster to the cartridge end on the projectile end, the booster is also carried axially forward and ejected from the front of the launch tube. This ensures that the booster is never ejected from the rear of the launch tube, so that the safety of the rear tube cannot be impaired.
Vorzugsweise ist das Abschussrohr frei von radialen Öffnungen. Die radialöffnungsfreie Ausbildung des Abschussrohres ermöglicht die Verwendung leichter, nicht-metallischer Materialien für das Abschussrohr, beispielsweise von mit Armidfasem verstärkten Kunststoffrohren u.a. Im Folgenden wird unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert.The launch tube is preferably free of radial openings. The radially opening-free design of the launch tube enables the use of light, non-metallic materials for the launch tube, for example plastic tubes reinforced with fiber fibers, among others An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Fig. 1 eine Panzerfaust mit einer Patrone und einer Abschussvorrichtung von der Seite,1 is a bazooka with a cartridge and a launcher from the side,
Fig. 2 eine Treibladungskartusche mit Booster der Patrone der Fig. 1 undFig. 2 shows a propellant charge cartridge with a booster of the cartridge of Fig. 1 and
Fig. 3 den Booster der Fig. 2 im Längsschnitt.Fig. 3 shows the booster of Fig. 2 in longitudinal section.
In Fig. 1 ist eine sogenannte Panzerfaust 10 dargestellt, wie sie zur Bekämpfung von gepanzerten Fahrzeugen verwendet wird. Die Panzerfaust 10 besteht aus einer Abschussvorrichtung 12, an der eine austauschbare Patrone 14 befestigt ist. Die Patrone 14 besteht im Wesentlichen aus einem an beiden Längsseiten offenen Abschussrohr 16, in dem ungefähr mittig und hintereinander ein Geschoss 18, eine Treibladungskartusche 20 und eine Gegenmasse 22 angeordnet sind. Das Geschoss 18 ist ein übliches Geschoss zur Abwehr von gepanzerten Fahrzeugen. Die Gegenmasse 22 besteht aus gepresstem Eisenpulver.In Fig. 1, a so-called bazooka 10 is shown, as it is used to combat armored vehicles. The Panzerfaust 10 consists of a launcher 12 to which an exchangeable cartridge 14 is attached. The cartridge 14 essentially consists of a launch tube 16 open on both longitudinal sides, in which a projectile 18, a propellant charge cartridge 20 and a countermass 22 are arranged approximately in the center and one behind the other. The projectile 18 is a conventional projectile for defense against armored vehicles. The counter mass 22 consists of pressed iron powder.
Die Abschussvorrichtung 12 weist Halteelemente zum Halten und Fixieren der auswechselbaren Patrone 14 auf. Ferner weist die Abschussvorrichtung 12 einen Tragegriff 24, einen hinteren Haltegriff 26 und einen vorderen Haltegriff 28 auf. Im Bereich des vorderen Haltegriffes 28 ist ein Abzug 30 mit einem Abzugshebel 32 angeordnet. Von dem Abzugshebel 32 wird ein nicht dargestelltes Abzuggestänge betätigt, das in einem Auslösemechanismus 34 eine Schlagbewegung eines Schlagstiftes auslöst.The launcher 12 has holding elements for holding and fixing the replaceable cartridge 14. The launcher 12 also has a handle 24, a rear handle 26 and a front handle 28. A trigger 30 with a trigger lever 32 is arranged in the area of the front handle 28. A trigger linkage, not shown, is actuated by the trigger lever 32 and triggers a striking movement of a striking pin in a trigger mechanism 34.
Die in Fig. 2 detailliert dargestellte Treibladungskartusche 20 weist einThe propellant cartridge 20 shown in detail in FIG
Kartuschengehäuse 38 mit einer ringscheibenförmigen geschossseitigen Vorderwand 40, einer entsprechenden Rückwand 42 und einer zylindrischen Außenumfangswand 44 auf. Alle Wände 40-44 bestehen aus Papier oder Pappe. Innerhalb des Kartuschengehäuses 38 sind jeweils ringförmig eine vordere Treibladung 46, eine hintere Treibladung 48 und, die beiden Treibladungen 46, 48 voneinander trennend, eine Beiladung 50 aus einer Anzündmischung angeordnet. In der axialen Mitte der zylindrischen Treibladungskartusche 20 ist in Längsrichtung durchgehend ein ungefähr zylindrischer Hohlraum 52 vorgesehen, in den ein Booster 54 eingesteckt ist.Cartridge housing 38 with an annular disk-shaped front wall 40 on the projectile side, a corresponding rear wall 42 and a cylindrical outer peripheral wall 44 on. All walls 40-44 are made of paper or cardboard. A front propellant charge 46, a rear propellant charge 48 and, separate the two propellant charges 46, 48 from one another, an additional charge 50 made of an ignition mixture are arranged in a ring shape within the cartridge housing 38. In the axial center of the cylindrical propellant charge cartridge 20, an approximately cylindrical cavity 52 is continuously provided in the longitudinal direction, into which a booster 54 is inserted.
Der Booster 54 enthält eine explosive Boosterladung 58, die axial ungefähr auf der Höhe der Beiladung 50 angeordnet ist. Der Booster 54 weist ein zylindrisches Boostergehäuse 60 auf, dessen Vorderseite geschlossen ist. Das Boostergehäuse 60 besteht aus Aluminium. Das vordere Drittel des Boostergehäuses 60 ist mit einem inerten Füllstopfen 62 ausgefüllt. Der Füllstopfen 62 besteht aus Polyethylen, kann jedoch auch aus Aluminium bestehen. Bei Versionen des Anzünders in kürzerer Bauform entfällt der vordere Füllstopfen. Das mittlere Drittel des Boosters 54 ist mit der Boosterladung 58 aufgefüllt, während das hintere Boostergehäusedrittel eine Aufnahme für eine Zündleitung 56 bildet und zwischen dem Zündleitungsende und der Boosterladung 58 eine Übertragungsladung 64 enthält. Die Zündleitung 56 wird durch eine durch Crimpung erzeugte Einschnürung 66 an dem Boostergehäuse 60 verankert. Das boosterseitige Endstück der Zündleitung 56 ist umgeben von einem zylinderförmigen Dichtelement 68 aus Kunststoff.The booster 54 contains an explosive booster charge 58 which is arranged axially approximately at the level of the additional charge 50. The booster 54 has a cylindrical booster housing 60, the front of which is closed. The booster housing 60 is made of aluminum. The front third of the booster housing 60 is filled with an inert filler plug 62. The filler plug 62 is made of polyethylene, but can also consist of aluminum. The front filler plug is not required for versions of the lighter in a shorter design. The middle third of the booster 54 is filled with the booster charge 58, while the rear third of the booster housing forms a receptacle for an ignition line 56 and contains a transfer charge 64 between the end of the ignition line and the booster charge 58. The ignition line 56 is anchored to the booster housing 60 by a constriction 66 produced by crimping. The booster-side end piece of the ignition line 56 is surrounded by a cylindrical sealing element 68 made of plastic.
Das Boostergehäuse 60 weist im Bereich der Beiladung 50 eine Vielzahl von radialen Öffnungen 70 auf, durch die die Reaktionsprodukte der gezündeten Boosterladung 58 radial nach außen austreten können, um die Beiladung 50 zu entzünden. Das Boostergehäuse 60 ist mit seinem vorderen Ende in eine Befestigungsbuchse 61 angeklebt, die ihrerseits mit der Vorderwand 40 des Kartuschengehäuses 38 verklebt ist.The booster housing 60 has a plurality of radial openings 70 in the region of the additional charge 50, through which the reaction products of the ignited booster charge 58 can escape radially outward in order to ignite the additional charge 50. The front end of the booster housing 60 is glued into a fastening bush 61, which in turn is glued to the front wall 40 of the cartridge housing 38.
Der Booster 54 ist mit einer als Anzündübertragungsschlauch 57 ausgebildeten nichtelektrischen Anzündleitung 56 mit dem Auslösemechanismus 34 außerhalb der Patrone 14 verbunden. Die Anzündleitung 56 ist ein hohler Anzündübertragungsschlauch 57, der innenseitig mit einem nicht sprengkräftigen Sprengmittel bedampft ist. Die Anzündleitung 56 ist ca. 1 cm lang und ist durch die hintere Öffnung 17 aus dem Abschussrohr 16 herausgeführt, und ist von dort nach vorne zu dem Auslösemechanismus 34 gelegt.The booster 54 is connected to the trigger mechanism 34 outside the cartridge 14 by a non-electrical ignition line 56 designed as an ignition transmission hose 57. The ignition line 56 is a hollow ignition transmission hose 57 which is internally coated with a non-explosive Explosives is vaporized. The ignition line 56 is approximately 1 cm long and is led out of the launch tube 16 through the rear opening 17, and from there is placed forward to the trigger mechanism 34.
Im Bereich des Auslösemechanismus 34 ist ein Anzündhütchen 72 angeordnet, das mechanisch durch Auftreffen des ausgelösten Schlagstiftes gezündet wird und dadurch die Stoßwelle in dem Anzündübertragungsschlauch 57 auslöst.In the area of the trigger mechanism 34, a primer cap 72 is arranged, which is ignited mechanically by striking the fired striker and thereby triggers the shock wave in the firing transmission tube 57.
Das Abschießen des Geschosses 18 erfolgt durch eine Kette von Anzündvorgängen." Zunächst wird durch Ziehen des Abzugshebels 32 des Abzuges 30 ein Schlagstift in dem Auslösemechanismus 34 entriegelt, so dass der Schlagstift mit hoher Geschwindigkeit auf das Anzündhütchen 72 trifft und dadurch das Anzündhütchen 72 zündet. Durch die Anzündhütchenzündung wird die Sprengmittelbeschichtung in dem Anzündübertragungsschlauch 57 angezündet, wodurch sich mit hoher Geschwindigkeit eine Stoßwelle durch die Anzündleitung 56 von dem auszulösenden Mechanismus 34 in Richtung Booster 54 fortpflanzt. Die Stoßwelle alleine ist jedoch nicht ausreichend um die Boosterladung, die Beiladung 50 oder die Treibladung 46, 48 direkt mit großer Zuverlässigkeit zu zünden. Durch die in dem Booster 54 einlaufende Stoßwelle wird daher zunächst die Übertragungsladung 64 gezündet, die ihrerseits die eigentliche Boosterladung 58 zündet. Da das Boostergehäuse 60 gute Verdämmungseigenschaften aufweist, werden nach der Anzündung der Boosterladung 58 die Reaktionsprodukte, also heiße Partikel und heiße Gase, durch die radialen Öffnungen 70 im Wesentlichen radial nach außen ausgestoßen.The projectile 18 is fired by a chain of firing processes. "First of all, by pulling the trigger lever 32 of the trigger 30, a firing pin is unlocked in the trigger mechanism 34 so that the firing pin hits the firing cap 72 at high speed and thereby ignites the firing cap 72. The detonator coating ignites the explosive coating in the ignition transmission hose 57, as a result of which a shock wave propagates at high speed through the ignition line 56 from the mechanism 34 to be triggered in the direction of the booster 54. However, the shock wave alone is not sufficient for the booster charge, the additional charge 50 or the To ignite propellant charge 46, 48 directly with great reliability, so that the shock wave entering the booster 54 first ignites the transfer charge 64, which in turn ignites the actual booster charge 58. Since the booster housing 60 has good insulation properties After the booster charge 58 has been ignited, the reaction products, that is to say hot particles and hot gases, are expelled essentially radially outward through the radial openings 70.
Durch den Austritt der Reaktionsprodukte in ausschließlich radialer Richtung wird die Beiladung 50 angezündet und wird auf das Boostergehäuse 60 jedenfalls kein radialer Impuls bewirkt, so dass das Boostergehäuse 60 über die Befestigungsbuchse 61 in der Treibladungskartusche 20 verbleibt. Durch die austretenden Reaktionsprodukte der nun anzündenden Beiladung 50 werden die vordere und die hintere Treibladung 46,48 angezündet, die eine starke Explosion ausführen. Durch die Explosion werden die Gegenmasse 22 nach hinten und das Geschoss 18 nach vorne aus dem Abschussrohr 16 herausgetrieben. Das Papp- Kartuschengehäuse 38 wird dabei zerstört, wobei die Kartuschen-Vorderwand 40 in jedem Fall dem Geschoss 18 folgend nach vorne aus dem Abschussrohr 16 herausgetrieben wird. Die Vorderwand 40 schleppt den mit ihr über die Befestigungsbuchse 61 verklebten Booster 54 mit und zieht dadurch den Booster 54 nach vorne aus dem Abschussrohr 16 heraus. Hierdurch wird sichergestellt, dass der Booster 54 nicht nach hinten aus dem Abschussrohr 16 heraustreten kann, wo er ein gefährliches Geschoss darstellen würde. Durch diese Maßnahme wird eine Hinterrohrsicherheit von 40 Metern sichergestellt.When the reaction products emerge in the exclusively radial direction, the charge 50 is ignited and in any case no radial impulse is brought about on the booster housing 60, so that the booster housing 60 remains in the propellant charge cartridge 20 via the fastening bushing 61. The front and rear propellant charges 46, 48 are ignited by the escaping reaction products of the auxiliary charge 50 that is now to be ignited, which cause a strong explosion. As a result of the explosion, the countermass 22 is driven backwards and the projectile 18 out of the launch tube 16. The cardboard cartridge housing 38 is destroyed, the cartridge front wall 40 in is driven out of the launch tube 16 in each case following the projectile 18. The front wall 40 drags the booster 54 glued to it via the fastening bushing 61 and thereby pulls the booster 54 forward out of the launch tube 16. This ensures that the booster 54 cannot emerge from the rear of the launch tube 16, where it would constitute a dangerous projectile. This measure ensures a back tube safety of 40 meters.
Die Anzündverzugszeiten der beschriebenen Zündung über die nicht-elektrische Zündleitung 56 sind gleichmäßig und genügend kurz. Die nachfolgenden innenballistischen Parameter sind ebenfalls zufriedenstellend, wie Versuche ergeben haben. The ignition delay times of the ignition described via the non-electrical ignition line 56 are uniform and sufficiently short. The following interior ballistic parameters are also satisfactory, as tests have shown.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10038907 | 2000-08-09 | ||
DE10038907 | 2000-08-09 | ||
DE10119406 | 2001-04-20 | ||
DE10119406A DE10119406A1 (en) | 2000-08-09 | 2001-04-20 | cartridge |
PCT/EP2001/008342 WO2002012818A1 (en) | 2000-08-09 | 2001-07-19 | Cartridge |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1311795A1 true EP1311795A1 (en) | 2003-05-21 |
Family
ID=26006646
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01960519A Withdrawn EP1311795A1 (en) | 2000-08-09 | 2001-07-19 | Cartridge |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040069174A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1311795A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2001281998A1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL154283A0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002012818A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7418896B1 (en) * | 2004-12-08 | 2008-09-02 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Recoilless weapon system |
DE102015009823B4 (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2021-03-18 | Mbda Deutschland Gmbh | Launch system for a guided missile and guided missile for such a launch system |
US10495425B1 (en) * | 2018-10-04 | 2019-12-03 | United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Thermoformed projectile cartridge |
Family Cites Families (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3097564A (en) * | 1963-07-16 | Spotting rifle ignition for larger caliber gun | ||
US3118376A (en) * | 1964-01-21 | Recoilless rifle ammunition | ||
US2156605A (en) * | 1934-09-17 | 1939-05-02 | Prettyman George William Lyman | Nonrecoil gun |
US2466714A (en) * | 1948-04-26 | 1949-04-12 | William J Kroeger | Recoilless firearm and ammunition therefor |
US2874614A (en) * | 1952-02-11 | 1959-02-24 | Musser C Walton | Recoilless gun having radially movable breech sectors |
US2938432A (en) * | 1959-01-06 | 1960-05-31 | Andrew J Grandy | Remote control device |
US3027839A (en) * | 1959-04-02 | 1962-04-03 | Andrew J Grandy | Tubular explosive transmission line |
US2949061A (en) * | 1959-08-03 | 1960-08-16 | Benditt Albert | Recoilless rifle with expanding nozzle |
US3084601A (en) * | 1961-03-17 | 1963-04-09 | Jr William F Kaufmann | Ignition system for propellants |
NL101994C (en) * | 1961-10-09 | |||
NL295876A (en) * | 1962-08-01 | |||
FR1398644A (en) * | 1963-06-25 | 1965-09-03 | Improvements to light anti-tank weapons | |
BE700545A (en) * | 1967-06-27 | 1967-12-01 | ||
US3738219A (en) * | 1970-11-16 | 1973-06-12 | V Febres | Recoilless firearm and cartridge therefor |
US3677131A (en) * | 1970-12-16 | 1972-07-18 | Norris Industries | Disposable projectile launcher of the recoilless type |
DE2140875A1 (en) * | 1971-08-14 | 1973-02-22 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | DEVICE FOR RECOIL-FREE AND SNAP-FREE SHOOTING OF BULLETS |
DE2261376C2 (en) * | 1972-12-15 | 1982-11-25 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf | Propellant charge for recoilless weapons |
DE2553201C2 (en) * | 1975-11-27 | 1984-05-10 | Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf | Recoil-free and bang-free projectile |
CA1044056A (en) * | 1976-01-20 | 1978-12-12 | Jean-Guy Dallaire | Gas initiated cartridges |
FR2534680A1 (en) * | 1982-10-14 | 1984-04-20 | Europ Propulsion | SYSTEM FOR FIREDING A PROPULSIVE LOAD BY PYROTECHNIC TRANSMISSION |
FR2558946B1 (en) * | 1984-01-27 | 1988-04-08 | Brandt Armements | LAUNCHING TUBE FOR RECOVERY SHOOTING WEAPON |
US5216194A (en) * | 1991-05-15 | 1993-06-01 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Lightweight molded cartridge case and nozzle assembly for recoilless launch systems |
BR9502995A (en) * | 1995-06-23 | 1997-09-23 | Ibq Ind Quimicas Ltda | Electronic delay detonator |
-
2001
- 2001-07-19 AU AU2001281998A patent/AU2001281998A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-07-19 WO PCT/EP2001/008342 patent/WO2002012818A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-07-19 EP EP01960519A patent/EP1311795A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-07-19 IL IL15428301A patent/IL154283A0/en unknown
- 2001-07-19 US US10/343,974 patent/US20040069174A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0212818A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU2001281998A1 (en) | 2002-02-18 |
WO2002012818A1 (en) | 2002-02-14 |
IL154283A0 (en) | 2003-09-17 |
US20040069174A1 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
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