EP1299641A1 - Sheath type glowplug with ion current sensor and method for operation thereof - Google Patents
Sheath type glowplug with ion current sensor and method for operation thereofInfo
- Publication number
- EP1299641A1 EP1299641A1 EP01937986A EP01937986A EP1299641A1 EP 1299641 A1 EP1299641 A1 EP 1299641A1 EP 01937986 A EP01937986 A EP 01937986A EP 01937986 A EP01937986 A EP 01937986A EP 1299641 A1 EP1299641 A1 EP 1299641A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ion current
- combustion chamber
- heating element
- glow plug
- electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
- F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
- F02P19/028—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs the glow plug being combined with or used as a sensor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
- F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
- F23Q2007/002—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines with sensing means
Definitions
- the invention is based on a ceramic glow plug for diesel engines with an ion current sensor according to the type of the first independent claim.
- ceramic glow plugs are already known, which have a ceramic heating element.
- the ceramic heating element carries an electrode made of a metallic material, which serves to detect the electrical conductivity of the ionized gas present in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
- the combustion chamber wall serves as the second electrode.
- Glow plugs which have a housing in which a rod-shaped heating element is arranged in a concentric bore.
- the heating element consists of at least one insulation layer and a first and a second supply layer, the first and the second supply layer being connected via a web at the tip of the heating element on the combustion chamber side.
- the insulation layer consists of electrically insulating ceramic material and the first, the second supply layer and the web consist of electrically conductive ceramic material.
- the ceramic glow plug with ion current sensor with the features of the first independent claim has the advantage that the glow plug with ion current sensor has a very simple structure and is inexpensive to manufacture. It is also advantageous that the expansion coefficients of the individual layers are matched to one another.
- a construction of a glow plug which is particularly advantageous from a structural point of view can be achieved if the supply layers serve as an electrode for ion current detection.
- the electrical connections of the supply layers are provided on the end of the heating element remote from the combustion chamber, since this enables the glow plug to be operated as an ion current sensor.
- FIG. 1 shows a glow plug according to the invention with an ion current sensor schematically in a longitudinal section
- FIG. 2 shows schematically a longitudinal section of the end of a glow plug according to the invention with an ion current sensor
- FIG 3 shows a heating element of a glow plug according to the invention with an ion current sensor schematically in cross section
- Figure 4 shows a distant end of a further embodiment of a glow plug according to the invention with ion current sensor schematically in longitudinal section
- Figures 5 and 6 each show a schematic longitudinal section through an end of a heating element of a glow plug according to the invention with ion current sensor on the combustion chamber side.
- a glow plug according to the invention is shown schematically in longitudinal section.
- a tubular, preferably metallic housing 3 contains a heating element 5 in its concentric bore at the end on the combustion chamber side.
- the heating element 5 consists of ceramic material.
- the heating element 5 has a first
- the first supply layer 7 and the second supply layer 9 are connected via a web 8, which likewise consists of electrically conductive ceramic material.
- the first supply layer 7 and the second supply layer 9 are separated by an insulation layer 11.
- the insulation layer 11 consists of electrically insulating ceramic material.
- the interior of the housing 3 is sealed in the direction of the combustion chamber by a combustion chamber seal 13 which surrounds the heating element 5 in an annular manner.
- the first supply layer 7 is connected to a first connection 15.
- This first connection 15 is in turn connected to the connection bolt 19 in the direction of the end of the glow plug remote from the combustion chamber.
- the second feed layer 9 is connected at its end remote from the combustion chamber to a second connection 17 which extends to the end remote from the combustion chamber Glow plug is passed through the connecting bolt 19, the second connection 17 being electrically insulated from it.
- the connecting bolt 19 is spaced from the end of the heating element 5 remote from the combustion chamber by a ceramic spacer sleeve 27 arranged in the concentric bore of the housing 3. In the direction of the end remote from the combustion chamber, the connecting bolt 19 is passed through an adapter sleeve 29 and a metal sleeve 31.
- a round plug 25 is plugged onto the connecting bolt 19 and accomplishes the electrical connection.
- the end of the concentric bore of the housing 3 remote from the combustion chamber is sealed or electrically insulated by a hose ring 21 and an insulating disk 23.
- the glow plug is operated in such a way that when the internal combustion engine is started, the glow plug is first operated in heating mode.
- a positive voltage is applied to the first connection 15 and a negative voltage or vice versa to the second connection 17, so that a current flows through the first supply layer 7, the web 8 and the second supply layer 9.
- the electrical resistance in this way increases the temperature of the heating element and the combustion chamber, into which the combustion-chamber end of the glow plug protrudes, is heated.
- the heating element 5 is glazed at its end remote from the combustion chamber beyond the edge of the housing 3 on the combustion chamber side, so that there is no electrical contact between the first or second supply layer and the housing 3.
- the same high voltage potential is applied to both the first connection 15 and the second connection 17, so that no current flows in the supply layers, but the first does Lead layer 7 and the second lead layer 9 serves as an electrode for ion current measurement. If the combustion chamber is ionized by the presence of ions, then an ion current flowing to the combustion chamber wall can flow from the electrode for ion current detection, ie from the first supply layer 7 and the second supply layer 9. In this exemplary embodiment, the first supply layer 7 and the second supply layer 9 thus function as an electrode for ion current detection.
- FIG. 2 another embodiment of a glow plug according to the invention with ion current sensor is shown schematically in longitudinal section. Only the end of such a glow plug was shown on the combustion chamber side. The end of this glow plug which is remote from the combustion chamber corresponds to the design of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1.
- the heating element 5 is in turn arranged in a concentric bore in the preferably metallic housing 3.
- the heating element 5 in turn consists of a first supply layer 7, a second supply layer 9 and an insulation layer 11, in which case the heating element 5 was cut in a plane in which only the insulation layer 11 can be seen. (This plane is arranged perpendicular to the sectional plane of FIG. 1.)
- the insulation layer 11 as well as the first supply layer 7, the web 8 and the second supply layer 9 consist of the materials which have already been mentioned in connection with FIG.
- the first supply layer 7 is connected to the connection bolt 19 via a first connection 15.
- Connecting bolt 19 is in turn spaced apart from the end of the heating element remote from the combustion chamber by means of a ceramic spacer sleeve 27.
- the combustion chamber-side sealing of the interior of the metallic housing 3 is in turn ensured by the combustion chamber seal 13, which is in this Embodiment consists of electrically conductive material, since the connection of the second supply layer to ground takes place via the combustion chamber seal 13 to the housing 3. Glazing applied to the outside of the surface of the first supply layer in the area of the housing 3 and the combustion chamber seal 13 prevents contact of the first supply layer 7 with the combustion chamber seal 13 and the housing 3.
- an electrode for ion current detection 33 is provided, which runs from the end of the heating element 5 remote from the combustion chamber to the tip 6 of the heating element 5 on the combustion chamber side.
- the electrode for ion current detection 33 is guided laterally to the surface of the heating element 5 at the tip 6 on the combustion chamber side.
- the electrode for ion current detection 33 consists of an electrically conductive ceramic material or a metallic material. At the end of the electrode for ion current detection that is remote from the combustion chamber, the latter is connected to a second connection 17, which is guided through the connecting bolt 19 to the end of the glow plug that is remote from the combustion chamber.
- FIG 3 the arrangement of the connections in the individual layers of the heating element is shown again in more detail in a cross section through the heating element 5.
- the cross section shows an area at the end of the heating element 5 remote from the combustion chamber.
- the first connection 15 is connected to the first supply layer 7, while the second connection 17 is connected to the electrode for ion current detection, which runs through the insulation layer 11.
- the second supply layer 9 is also shown, which in an area that lies further in the direction of the combustion chamber has an electrical contact via the electrically conductive one Combustion chamber seal 13 to the housing 3, which is on ground.
- This exemplary embodiment has a particularly great advantage in that the glow plug can be operated simultaneously in the glow mode and as an ion current detection device.
- the voltage required for the glow operation is applied to the first supply layer 7 via the connecting bolt 19 and the first connection 15 and the voltage required for the ion current detection is applied to the electrode for ion current detection 33 via the second connection 17.
- FIG. 1 Another exemplary embodiment of a glow plug with an ion current sensor is shown with reference to FIG. Analogously to FIG. 3, the end of such a glow plug on the combustion chamber side is shown schematically in longitudinal section.
- the heating element 5 is also cut analogously to FIG. 2 in a plane in which only the insulation layer 11 is visible.
- the same reference numerals in this and the following figures denote the same components as in the previous figures, which is why they will not be discussed again.
- An electrode for ion current detection 33 is again passed through the insulation layer, but this electrode now extends to the outermost tip 6 of the heating element 5 on the combustion chamber side. In contrast to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, it is not led laterally to the surface of the heating element. Since the electrode for ion current detection 33 is now guided centrally through the insulation layer 11, the connection to the first connection 17 also takes place in the center.
- the first connection 17 is in a preferred embodiment by a concentric Bore of the spacer sleeve 27 arranged spring element 35 preferably passed through isolated from the spring element 35 and further in the direction of the distant end of the glow plug through the connecting bolt 19.
- the spring element 35 enables the exercise of a
- the electrical contact of the second supply layer 9 is designed analogously to the exemplary embodiment explained with reference to FIG.
- connections to the first supply layer 7 and to the electrode for ion current detection 33 can be designed without the spring element 35 analogously to FIG. 2.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 A longitudinal section through the tip of the heating element 5 on the combustion chamber side is shown.
- the electrode for ion current detection 33 is guided up to the tip of the heating element 5 on the combustion chamber side within the insulation layer 11 extending up to the tip 6 of the heating element 5 on the combustion chamber side.
- the connection of the first supply layer 7 and the second supply layer 9 through the web 8 takes place only in two areas, which are in the radial direction (based on the Longitudinal axis through the heating element 5 or through the glow plug) from the area where the electrode for ion current detection 33 extends to the combustion chamber tip 6 of the heating element 8.
- FIG. 5 also shows that the electrode for ion current detection 33 is preferred
- Embodiment is arranged in an insulating sleeve 36 which is guided almost to the combustion chamber end of the glow plug.
- FIG. 6 shows a further exemplary embodiment, in which the electrode for ion current detection 33 is guided laterally to the tip 6 of the heating element 5 on the combustion chamber side and the end 6 of the heating element 5 on the combustion chamber side only has an area in which the first feed layer 7 and the second feed layer 9 overlap a web 8 are connected.
- the area in which the web 8 is arranged in this exemplary embodiment is arranged on the side of the tip 6 of the heating element 5 on the combustion chamber side which does not have the electrode for ion current detection 33.
- the glow plug is preferably arranged in the combustion chamber in such a way that the side of the combustion chamber-side tip 6 of the heating element 5 on which the web 8 is arranged extends the furthest into the combustion chamber. This is particularly important for an arrangement when the glow plug protrudes into the combustion chamber at an angle.
- the exemplary embodiment explained with reference to FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 preferably contains an electrode for ion current detection made of electrically conductive ceramic material.
- Electrode for ion current detection 33 can also be applied on the outside on the insulation layer 11.
- Lead layer 9 the insulation layer 11 and the electrode for ion current detection 33 consist of ceramic material. This ensures that the thermal expansion coefficients of the materials hardly differ, so that the durability of the
- Heating element 5 is guaranteed.
- the material of the first supply layer 7, the web 8 and the second supply layer 9 is selected such that the resistance of these layers is less than the resistance of the insulation layer 11.
- the resistance of the first electrode for ion current detection 33 is less than the resistance of the insulation layer 11th
- Lead layer 9, the insulation layer 11 and the first electrode 33 made of ceramic composite structures, which contains at least two of the connections AL2O3, oSi2, Si3N4 and 2O3. These composite structures can be obtained by a single or multi-stage sintering process.
- the specific resistance of the layers can preferably be determined by the MoSi2 content and / or the core size of MoSi2, preferably the MoSi2 content of the first supply layer 7, the web 8 and the second supply layer 9 and the first electrode
- the first supply layer 7, the web 8 the second Lead layer 9, insulation layer 11, the first electrode for ion current detection 33 made of a composite precursor ceramic with different proportions of fillers.
- the matrix of this material consists of polysiloxanes, polysequioxanes, or polysilanes
- Polysilazanes which can be doped with boron, nitrogen or aluminum and which are produced by pyrolysis.
- the filler forms at least one of the compounds Al2O3, MoSi2, SiO2 and SiC for the individual layers.
- the MoSi2 content and / or the grain size of MoSi2 can preferably determine the resistance of the layers.
- the MoSi2 content of the first supply layer 7, the web 8 and the second supply layer 9 and the first electrode for ion current detection 33 is preferably higher than the MoSi 2 content of the
- Insulation layer 11 set.
- the compositions of the first supply layer 7, the web 8, the second supply layer 9, the insulation layer 11, the first electrode for ion current detection 33 are selected in the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments such that their thermal expansion coefficients and the shrinkage occurring during the sintering or pyrolysis process are the same, so that no cracks occur in the heating element 5.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10031893 | 2000-06-30 | ||
DE10031893A DE10031893A1 (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2000-06-30 | Glow plug with ion current sensor and method for operating such a glow plug |
PCT/DE2001/001470 WO2002002933A1 (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2001-04-14 | Sheath type glowplug with ion current sensor and method for operation thereof |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1299641A1 true EP1299641A1 (en) | 2003-04-09 |
Family
ID=7647350
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01937986A Ceased EP1299641A1 (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2001-04-14 | Sheath type glowplug with ion current sensor and method for operation thereof |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6927362B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1299641A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2004502090A (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ2002667A3 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10031893A1 (en) |
HU (1) | HUP0202308A2 (en) |
PL (1) | PL352635A1 (en) |
SK (1) | SK2882002A3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002002933A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10128656A1 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2003-01-02 | Beru Ag | Glow plug and process for its manufacture |
DE102004011097A1 (en) * | 2004-03-06 | 2005-09-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device for detecting the combustion chamber pressure in an internal combustion engine |
DE102006018606B4 (en) * | 2006-01-04 | 2008-05-08 | Beru Ag | Messglühkerze |
CN101455118B (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2011-08-17 | 日本特殊陶业株式会社 | Ceramic heater and glow plug |
ITRM20080516A1 (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2010-04-01 | Irca S P A Ind Resistenze Co Razzate E Affi | ELECTRIC HEATER FOR TOWEL DRYER |
IT1394328B1 (en) * | 2009-05-06 | 2012-06-06 | Irca Spa | ELECTRIC HEATER FOR TOWEL DRYER |
DE102009028952A1 (en) * | 2009-08-27 | 2011-03-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Glow plug i.e. sheathed-element glow plug, for cold-starting diesel engine in vehicle, has temperature sensor and heating element connected by bonding material, and filling material filled in undercut portion of heating element |
US9386634B2 (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2016-07-05 | Tutco, Inc. | Electrical resistance heater assembly and method of use |
JP5973222B2 (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2016-08-23 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Glow plug and manufacturing method thereof |
US10368401B2 (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2019-07-30 | Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation | Multi-functional composite structures |
US10167550B2 (en) | 2014-06-03 | 2019-01-01 | Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation | Multi-functional composite structures |
US10285219B2 (en) | 2014-09-25 | 2019-05-07 | Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation | Electrical curing of composite structures |
GB2582744B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2023-08-23 | John Zink Co Llc | A flame detection and ignition device |
CN115792540B (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-08-01 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Discharge current measurement auxiliary tool of plasma ignition system |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3428371A1 (en) | 1984-08-01 | 1986-02-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | METHOD FOR MEASURING AND REGULATING OPERATING DATA OF COMBUSTION ENGINES |
CH676525A5 (en) | 1988-07-28 | 1991-01-31 | Battelle Memorial Institute | |
WO1997038223A1 (en) | 1996-04-10 | 1997-10-16 | Denso Corporation | Glow plug, its production process and ion current detector |
-
2000
- 2000-06-30 DE DE10031893A patent/DE10031893A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-04-14 WO PCT/DE2001/001470 patent/WO2002002933A1/en active Application Filing
- 2001-04-14 CZ CZ2002667A patent/CZ2002667A3/en unknown
- 2001-04-14 EP EP01937986A patent/EP1299641A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-04-14 HU HU0202308A patent/HUP0202308A2/en unknown
- 2001-04-14 SK SK288-2002A patent/SK2882002A3/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-04-14 US US10/088,933 patent/US6927362B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-04-14 JP JP2002507167A patent/JP2004502090A/en active Pending
- 2001-04-14 PL PL01352635A patent/PL352635A1/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0202933A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SK2882002A3 (en) | 2002-08-06 |
DE10031893A1 (en) | 2002-01-10 |
HUP0202308A2 (en) | 2002-12-28 |
US20030029855A1 (en) | 2003-02-13 |
US6927362B2 (en) | 2005-08-09 |
WO2002002933A1 (en) | 2002-01-10 |
PL352635A1 (en) | 2003-09-08 |
CZ2002667A3 (en) | 2002-06-12 |
JP2004502090A (en) | 2004-01-22 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20030130 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: KERN, CHRISTOPH Inventor name: HALUSCHKA, CHRISTOPH Inventor name: ARNOLD, JUERGEN |
|
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT SE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20080109 |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN REFUSED |
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18R | Application refused |
Effective date: 20080606 |